第一篇：创新大学英语1课后英语作文

新入校的大学生都会面临和同学住宿舍的情况 你希望有学校分配还是自己选择室友，为什么 如何与室友和睦相处

It is common for university students to share their dormitory room with other students , and at some universities this is required.Since they will spend a great deal of time together and must share a small apace ,it is essential that they be able to get along.for this reason ,I would rather choose my own room-mate than let the university assign one to meBy choosing my own room-mate ,I wouldbe able to live with someone with whom Iam already familiarwhile I look forward to making many new friends at university , I know that not everyone is easy to live with.Therefore ,I wouldrather live with someone I already know well.choosing my own room-mate would also allow me to live with someone whose habits are compatible with my own.this would make it easier for us to share the limited space in a dormitoryroom.Furthermore ,if some misunderstanding or problem should occur ,I would be better able to deal with it if I knew my roommate well

No matter whetherchoosing the room-mate myself or letting the university do it ,I strongly believegood communication helps to make the transition from living in a comfortable home to sharing limited space with “strangers “as smooth as possible

The Celebration of Western Festivals

1.现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日 2.产生这种现象的原因 3.这种现象可能带来的影响 参考范文：

Western festivals are very popular in China, which has aroused great concern among the people around us.Nowadays, many Chinese people, especially youngsters, are paying as much attention to some western festivals as our Spring Festival, that is to say, more and more Chinese like to celebrate western festivals.Taking a look around, you can find too numerous examples to mention inpidually, and the best one may be Christmas Eve celebrated on December 24th.In addition, other western festivals, like April Fool’s Day and Valentine’s Day, are very popular among the Chinese, especially young people.There are many different factors deciding this phenomenon.Above all, we can clearly see that more and more young age groups are exposed to western culture and festivals through learning English.What’s more, some western festivals provide relaxing and comfortable atmospheres, which attract a large number of Chinese youngsters.Besides, many businessmen view foreign festivals a golden opportunity to make money, who desperately try to boost the atmosphere of foreign festivals.It is far beyond any reasonable doubt that these western festivals now have much wider appeal among the Chinese people.As far as I am concerned, to some extent western festivals have weakened our home-grown festivals’ crucial roles in Chinese traditional culture.Furthermore, these festivals are exerting great influences on young people’s traditional values and thoughts.Therefore, we should not be immersed too much in the western festivals but ignore Chinese traditional festivals.Can Road Accidents Be Avoided? 1． 人们对交通问题越来越关心。2． 有些人认为交通事故不3． 可避免。4． 我的态度。

At present, more and more cities are faced with the problem of heavy traffic.And the number of road accidents is on the rise.So more people are much concerned about traffic security problems.Some people say that traffic accidents are unavoidable.They argue that nowadays traffic is much heavier than before.There is often a traffic jam especially in rush hours.Because modern society lives on the basis of vehicles, traffic jams are difficult to eliminate.With the development of industry and population expansion, the condition will be worse.In my opinion, most road accidents can be avoided.The right solution is to lay down more gallop bridges, overpasses and underpasses in big cities.It is well known that the main cause of road accidents is drunk driving and driving with over-speed.If we reinforce the traffic security education and more people comply with traffic regulations, I believe one day traffic accidents can be avoided.文明礼貌

Good manners are very important in the communication of daily life.Everyone likes a person with good manners.But what are good manners?

How does one know what should do and what should not do when

trying to be a good-mannered person?

Well, here are some common examples.A person with good

manners never laughs at a people in trouble.Instead, he(she)always tries to consult or offer help to the person.When he(she)takes a bus and sees an old man or a sick man, he

(she)always gives his(her)seat to him.He doesn't interrupt other people when they are talking.He uses a handkerchief when he sneezes or coughs.He does not

spite in public places.Ideas of what are good manners are not always the same in

different regions.For example, people in Western countries usually kiss each other to show their greetings, whereas in China, kissing in public is something of unusual and sometimes be regarded as impolite to somebody else.So it is important to know what is regarded as polite and impolite

before you go to a region.But remember that it is always right to be kind and helpful to others.环境与经济发展

Some people believe that economic development should never be

at the cost of the environment.They think the present serious environmental problems are largely caused by rapid ? economic development.For example, land resources are shrinking because of the industrial development and the expansion of cities.Deserts are spreading because of over grazing, poor fanning, tree cutting, and strip mining.Our air and water supplies are being polluted by poisonous gasses and waste products.It is important, therefore, that we should take another look at the way in which our industries and cities are developing.However, other people think it unnecessary to consider

environmental problems now and our first priority should always be given to economic development.They believe that environmental problems are inevitable and unavoidable in the process of economic development.They are only the by products of economic development, which can be dealt with later when we have the time and money.I think the second idea is completely wrong.Our ultimate aim in

economic development is to provide a comfortable and happy life for our people.What is the point of economic development if we achieve it at the cost of our environment? There has been much evidence to prove that a balance between the two helps more rapid and continuous development.友谊与朋友的关系

On FriendshipEveryone needs friendship.No one can sail the ocean of life single handed.We need help from, and also give help to, others.In the modern age, people attach more importance to relations and connections.A man of charisma has many friends.His power lies in his ability to give.The term, friend, covers a wide range of readings.It can be a nodding acquaintance, a comrade, a confident, a partner, a playmate, a brother, an intimate etc.As life is full of strife and conflict, we need friends to support and help as out of difficulties.Our friends give us warnings against danger.True friends share not only joy but, more often than not, they share sorrow.With friendship, life is happy and harmonious.Without friendship, life is hostile and unfortunate.I have friends in the rank and file.Some are rich and in power.Some are low and common.Some are like myself, working as a teacher, reading and writing and content with the simple life we have.To many of my friends, I know what to treasure, what to tolerate and what to share, I will never forget my old friends and keep making new friends.I will not he cold and indifferent to the poor friends and will show concern for them, even if it is only a comforting word.

第二篇：大学英语课后翻译

Unit1

1.这个小男孩最喜欢做的事就是搭积木。What the boy likes to do most is putting together building blocks.2.就先前的工作经验而言，约翰是这个职位的最佳候选人。

In terms of previous working experience, John is the best choice for this position.3.我的物理老师经常使用类比来说明一些较难理解的概念。My physics teacher often uses analogy to explain some difficult concepts.4.在家人和朋友的帮助下，汤姆经营的出版企业逐渐兴旺起来。With the help of his family and friends, Tom build up his publishing business bit by bit.5.琳达没能进入那所著名的大学，但她打算重新开始，而不是逃避挑战。Linda was not able to go to that famous college, but she planned to start all over again rather than give up the challenge.6.这个公司有着很好的公众形象。人们总是将它的产品与高质量和优质服务联系在一起。This company has a very good public image.People always associate its product with high quality and good service.Unit2

1.孩子们很苦恼，因为他们的家长不允许他们在铁路轨道旁玩耍。

The children are pretty annoyed that their parents won't allow them to play around the railway track.2.我打赌我只要速度快一点，肯定会比他们先到目的地。

I bet if I pick up a little speed I will reach the destination sooner than they do.3.这种糟糕的天气让人不想出去，你还不如在家舒展一下筋骨，做做运动。

You do not want to go out in such rotten weather.It is better for you to stay home and stretch your legs and do physical exercise.4.已经十点半了，你不应该还在睡觉！赶快到飞机场去接你表弟。

It is half past ten, and you are not supposed to be sleeping!It is time to head for the airport to pick up your cousin!

5.是谁想让迈克来接管这项工程的？

Who came up with the idea to ask Mike to take over the project?

6.学校对不同种族背景的学生没有区别对待。

The school makes no distinction in treating students from different racial background.Unit 3

1.他是一个合格的机械师，但他后来却搞起了国际贸易。

He is a qualified mechanic, but he winds up with a job in international trade.2.他在业余时间报名参加计算机基础知识的培训，但没能坚持到底。

He enrolled in an elementary computer-training program but failed to get through

3.校长经过面试，选择了几个优秀的大学毕业生从事教学工作。

After the interview, the principal chose several outstanding university graduates to work as teachers.4.这份合同对我们非常重要，所以写得越具体越好。我要和同事们好好谈谈。

This contract is very important to our company.The more concrete it is, the better.I need to talk it over with my colleagues.5.那个小男孩患上了严重的白血病，必须转到大医院进一步治疗。

The boy suffers from severe leukemia and has to be transferred to a big hospital for further treatment.6.当他得知父亲所在的学校倒闭后，泪水从他的脸颊上滚落下来。

When he heard that the school where his father worked had closed down, tears rolled down his cheeks.Unit 5

1.移动通信会取代固定电话成为人们最常用的通讯方法吗？

Will mobile communication edge out fixed lines as the most frequently used means of communication?

2.我指指墙上的钟。女儿心领神会，加快了穿衣服的速度。

I pointed at the clock on the wall.My daughter took the hint and sped up dressing herself.3.在会议期间，请各位关闭手机或将其调整至静音状态。

Please switch off your cell phone or set it in silent mode during the meeting.4.气象学家密切关注台风的发展，以便及时向公众发布警报。

Meteorologists are on the lookout for the progress of the typhoon so as to alert the public in time.5.小张说中国经济稳定增长，前景看好，所以他决定回国就业。

Xiao Zhang cited the steady economic growth in China and its bright future to explain his decision to return to work here.Unit10

1.在孩子个性形成时期，家长要特别关心并注意他们是否有心理问题的迹象。Parents should pay special attention to their children during their formative years and watch for symptoms of psychological problems.2.天才往往对自己喜爱的事物充满着激情。

Geniuses usually have a great passion for things they’re interested in.3.他不知道简就是他的亲生姐姐，只是觉得她的名字听上去有一点点熟悉。

He has no idea that Jane is his biological sister;only her name sounds faintly familiar to him.4.看着稻谷在干燥的阳光下枯死，农民们毫无办法，只有叹息。

Seeing the rice crops dying in the dry sun, the peasants could do nothing but sigh.5.自从杰克的老板拒绝了他请长假的要求，他一直在考虑辞职。

Ever since his boss turned down his request for a long vacation, Jack has been thinking about quitting his job.6.我不喜欢足球，今天也不例外，我不想和你去看球赛。

I don’t care for soccer, and today’s no exception.So I don’t feel like going to watch the game with you.Unit12

1.他被捕后遭到毒打，但却没有向敌人透露任何有用的信息He was brutally beaten after being arrested, but he revealed nothing useful to the enemy.2.他们面试了很多人，最后缍找到了令他们满意的候选人They interviewed a lot of people before finally getting hold of a satisfactory candidate.3.他自愿捐助修建了一所学校以使那些穷孩子能读书He made a voluntary construction to the cost of building a school so that poor children could get an education.4.为了你,我一定会努力训练以争取获得进入决赛的资格For your sake I will train very hard to get the qualification for the finals.5.在那样的情况下他除了勇敢地面对挑战以外没有其他选择Under those circumstances he had no choice but to face up to the challenge bravely.6.如果我们想确保及时到达那里就该早点动身We should start early if we want to make sure of getting there in time.Unit15

1.有一张名牌大学的文凭，即使在公司解雇人的时候他也不担心会丢工作。

With a diploma form a famous university, he felt secure in his job even when the company was laying off people.2.当鲍勃被指控撒谎时，他勃然大怒。

Bob flew into a rage when(he was)accused of lying.3.由于她的愚蠢，我们的项目彻底泡汤了。

Our project was totally ruined because of her stupidity.4.经理深受公司里同事们的尊敬。

The manager was held in high esteem by his colleagues in the company

5.小男孩子跑到他爸爸跟前，兴奋地猛拉他的袖子。

The little boy ran up to his father and tugged his sleeve excitedly.6.很显然，他对他的论文很有信心。

Apparently, he was quite confident about his essay.Unit 16

1.餐厅经理一看到百万富翁来用餐，就顾不得和我们讲话了，满脸放光地迎了上去。

The moment the restaurant manager set his eyes on the millionaire, he cut us short and heated for the latter, his face lighting up.2.欢迎乘坐我们的飞机。商务舱在楼上，经济舱就在这一层。

Welcome aboard our plane.The business class section is upstairs and the economy class is right

on this floor.3.打喷嚏之后要说“对不起”。听到别人打喷嚏要说“保佑你”。

You must say “Excuse me “after sneezing and “Bless you” when someone else has sneezed.4.六号房间号码牌挂倒了，变成了九号，快去把它弄正！

1.The sign for Room “NO.6 ” has been turned upside down into “NO.9 ”, Fix it up immediately.5.大超市一来，许多小商店都应声关了门。

Many small stores have closed with the arrival of supermarkets.

第三篇：大学英语课后翻译

Unit one 翻译

1)通过很多热心人士的努力，庆祝仪式的资金准备就绪了。(in place)

Money for the ceremony is in place through many warm-hearted people’s efforts.2)因为你很可靠，所以我愿意想你诉说心里话。(pour our one’s heart)

I am willing to pour out my heart to you because you are reliable.3)虽然汤姆上个月才大学毕业，但是他工作起来和熟练工人一样好。(as well as)

Although Tom graduated from college a month ago, he worked as well as a skilled worker.4)我们像人们介绍可持续发展如何与我们的日常说话紧密相连，而且希望这个概念能够深入人心。(take root in)

We explain to people how “sustainable development” is closely linked with our everyday life and hope that this concept can take root in our community.5)在战争爆发两年之后，这两个兄弟把他的感受毫无拘束地说了出来。(open up)

The two brothers opened up about their feelings two years after war broke out.Unit two 翻译 1)由于他的努力，音乐会比我们预期的更成功。(thanks to)

Thanks to his effort, the concert is more successful than we have expected.2)因为所有人的努力，我们公司渡过了一个又一个的经济危机。(pull through)

Because all of us work hard, our company has pulled through one economic crisis after another.3)大多数人都热爱大自然、向往和平自由的美好生活。而没有可持续发展，这一切都不太可能。(long for)

Most peoples love nature and long for peace and freedom, which is not quite possible without

sustainable development.4)博物馆里的每一张照片都让我们想起战争的残酷(remind of)

Every photo in the museum reminds us of the cruelty of the war.5)你最好亲自去，而不要派某个人代表你。(in person)

Instead of sending somebody on your behalf, you had better go in person.6)他预测在未来的几年里这个地区不会发生地震。(break out)

He predicted that earthquakes would not break out in the next few years in this area.2.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1)市场的进一步缩小将会导致经济危机的爆发。

2)因为世博会，我们都很渴望有机会去上海。

3)我们的英语老师建议我们在网上下载最新的英文电影。

4)如果没人站出来说出这个项目的问题，这个项目就不可能有所改进。5)我们相信在朋友们的帮助下公司能渡过这场经济危机。

6)很多医生对这个新型的感冒很困惑，并尽他们所能及早找到解决方法。

第四篇：大学英语课后翻译

我的祖母不认识字，可是她有一箩筐的神话和传奇故事。小时候我总是缠着她，要她给我讲故事。而她在忙完家务之后，总会把我抱到膝上，一边讲故事一边有节奏地晃动我。

我父母发现了我对故事的浓厚兴趣后，不失时机的引导我进行阅读。他们给我买了许多带插图的故事书，有空的时候就一遍遍地读给我听。慢慢地我认识了许多字，能够自行阅读了。

Although my grandmother was illiterate ,she had a good stock of myths and legends.When I was young I gave her no peace,constantly asking her to tell me stories.After she had finished her housework,she would lift me onto her lap and tell stories,all the while rocking me in rhythm.Having noticed my interest in stories,my parents lost no time in initiating me into reading.They bought many storybooks with illustrations and whenever free,they would read these stories to me over and over again.By and by I had a vocabulary large enough to read on my own.一项又一项的研究发现，食物和一些慢性病之间有密切的关系。例如，某些慢性病危险的降低与多吃以植物为基本成分的食物有关。因此，在过去的十年中，美国饮食协会敦促美国人减少动物脂肪的摄取，增加水果、蔬菜和谷物的消费。同时，美国农业部发布了包括食物指导金字塔在内的文件，鼓励人们每天至少吃三道蔬菜和两份水果。但是，许多美国人还是没有按照这些建议去做。

Study after study has uncovered the fact that there is a close correlation between food and a number of chronic diseases.For example ,a decreased risk of certain chronic diseases is associated with an increased consumption

of

plant-based foods.Therefore,in the past decade,the American Dietetic Association has urged Americans to reduce their intake of animal fats,and to boost consumption of fruits,vegetables,and grains.Meanwhile ,the United States Department of Agriculture has released a document containing the food guide pyramid,which encourages a minimum of three vegetable and two fruit servings per day.However,many Americans still don’t meet/listen to these recommendations.我们大学的新任校长不赞成在某些情况下容许说谎的看法。他认为人们一旦习惯于说任何一类谎

言，就会纵容自己，最终无法摆脱说谎恶习。是否讲谎话有时会成为棘手的难题，但是我们的校长坚持认为在教育青年人的过程中，所有的教育界人士都不得逃避将诚实放在首位的责任。我同意他的看法。你的意见呢？

The new president of our university disapproves of the idea that we should be allowed to tell lies under certain circumstances.He believes that if people get used to telling any kind of lie, they will indulge themselves and eventually be stuck with the bad habit.To tell or not to tell a lie can sometimes become a very sticky issue, but our president insists on the notion that nobody in the world of education should dodge the responsibility of attaching primary importance to honesty while teaching the young.I agree with him.What about you?

赌徒的家人经常付出高昂的代价。他们不但要忍受一夜之间失去财富的痛苦，而且时常感到极度沮丧和无望。

一项全国性的调查发现，200多万成年人认为配偶的赌博行为是他们先前离婚的重要原因。密西西比州一个县的离婚数目在赌场出现后较从前几乎增加了两倍。该县还见证了赌场出现后家庭暴力事件的攀升。

大量的事实表明，法律许可的赌博其蔓延之势毁灭了个人，葬送了家庭，增加了犯罪，最终给社会造成的损失远远大于政府从中征的税收收入。Gamblers’ family members always pay a steep price.They not only have to endure the pain of having their wealth wiped away overnight, but they are also frequently overwhelmed with feelings of depression and hopelessness.A nationwide survey found that over 2 million adults identified a spouse’s gambling as a significant factor in a prior porce.The number of porce in a country in Mississippi has nearly tripled since the advent of casinos.The country has also witnessed increases in domestic violence since than.A considerable body of evidence showed that the expansion of legally sanctioned gambling destroys inpiduals, ruins families, increase crime, and ultimately costs society far more than the revenues government collects.

第五篇：大学英语课后答案

浅析社会主义法治理念

法治理念是人们对法律的功能、作用和法律实施所持有的内心信念和观念。先进的法治理念能够引领和指导国家机关、社会组织和人民群众的法律活动,是国家机关依法行使国家权力、服务人民、管理社会的行动指南,是社会组织和人民群众依法行使权利、履行义务、承担责任的思想基础和价值标准。

2005年,以胡锦涛总书记为首的党中央领导集体提出了社会主义法治理念这一意义重大、内涵丰富的政治和法律命题。在中国特色的社会主义理念下,在我们国家法制建设的过程中,建设有中国特色社会主义理论,坚持和遵循依法治国、公平正义、公正司法、司法为民等社会主义法治理念具有重要的理论和实践意义。

一、社会主义法治理念的内涵

“社会主义法治理念”是关于社会主义法治的理想、信念和观念,是社会主义法治的内在要求、精神实质和基本原则的概括和反映,是立法、执法、守法和法律监督的基本指导思想。一定的法治理念由一定的社会历史制度、法律文化和价值观所决定,一旦形成,便固化于人们的思想中,具有相当的稳定性、持久性;有什么样的法治理想、信念和观念,就会表现为什么样的立法、执法及守法行为。法治理念是灵魂,决定着法治的效果。

改革开放以来,我们党在领导全国人民进行社会主义民主法制建设的伟大实践中,积累了丰富的经验,提出了一系列正确的法治理念。我国社会主义制度是先进的社会制度,我国社会主义法治理念也一定是先进的法治理念,是真正符合广大人民群众利益和需要的法治理念。社会主义法治理念必须体现以下本质要求,必须反映和坚持社会主义先进生产力的发展要求,反映和坚持人民民主专政的国体,反映和坚持党的领导,反映和坚持马克思主义的指导地位,反映和坚持从中国国情出发的原则要求,必须反映和坚持改革创新、与时俱进。

按照这些本质要求,社会主义法治理念可以概括为“依法治国,执法为民,公平正义,服务大局,党的领导”五个方面的内容。依法治国是社会主义法治的核心内容,执法为民是社会主义法治的本质要求,公平正义是社会主义法治的价值追求,服务大局是社会主义法治的重要使命,党的领导是社会主义法治的根本保证。这五个方面相辅相成,体现了党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国的有机统一。

二、坚持贯彻社会主义法治理念的必要性

(一)时代发展的需要

当前我国处于全面建设小康社会新的发展阶段。新的发展时期,必然要对法制建设提出新的要求,政法队伍、政法工作要适应新形势的要求,就必须有一个科学、明确、符合时代需要的执法指导思想。当前我国经济社会正经历着前所未有的巨

大变革,各种经济成份不断出现,使经济实体呈现多元化,必然导致经济利益的多元化。这一时期,既是战略机遇期,也是社会矛盾尖锐化时期和社会问题多发期,地区之间的不平衡、各阶层收入差距的拉大、就业形势严峻等社会矛盾和问题不断增多,人们的思想、观念、利益也同时发生着变化,各种利益冲突不断发生,这也要求政法机关要有一个科学、正确的法治理念,在实际工作中体现出公平、正义,维护各个阶层群众的合法权益。因此,在我国政法战线坚持和贯彻社会主义法治理念教育是十分必要和非常及时的战略举措。

(二)法制建设的需要

随着我国各项改革的不断扩大和深化,司法体制的改革和调整也必将提上日程。当前我国立法体制中存在诸多问题,例如,立法的超前、快速、规模庞大、盲目立法等,使出台的法律、法规难于渗透到社会生活实际领域,难于被民众认同、消化、接受,最后变为一纸空文。目前中国的法律很难经得起理性的检验,中国的执法困境,立法有不可推卸的责任。包括司法制度、执法机制怎么改、如何改才能适应我国民主法制建设和人民当家作主的法制需求,也需要我们有一个统一明确的认识。

(三)社会稳定的需要

中国的发展、富强、崛起和进行社会主义现代化建设必须有一个稳定的社会环境。但也要清醒地认识到,目前影响社会稳定与和谐的因素还大量存在,改革和发展中一些深层次的矛盾和问题逐步暴露出来,人民内部矛盾凸显,有的甚至引发**。社会管理、经济管理中的新情况新问题也不断出现,极易滋生和诱发违法犯罪,甚至导致严重刑事犯罪高发。而担负维护稳定重任的政法机关需要进一步明确自己的使命,需要有一个正确的法治理念。

(四)执法的需要

在建设依法治国和建设社会主义和谐社会的进程中,人民群众民主法治意识日益增强,人民群众通过司法程序维护自身合法权益的要求不断提高。而我们政法队伍、检察队伍在执法中存在的执法不严格、不公正、不文明、不作为的现象,甚至执法犯法的情况也时有发生,上述行为的背后存在着不合时宜的执法观念急需纠正,混乱的执法思想需要澄清,不适应新形势的执法思想迫切需要得到改变。

面对新形势,法律工作者必须主动应对新挑战,积极适应新要求,尽快提高化解社会矛盾的能力、防范和打击违法犯罪的能力、维护国家政治稳定的能力、公正执法的能力。而要做到这些,必须用科学、先进、正确的法治理念武装政法干警头脑,也就是说,用社会主义法治理念指导政法工作。

三、践行社会主义法治理念的途径

如何使社会主义法治理念走入执法者头脑,让他们在深刻理解、共同感受、真切内化这些法律理念的基础上,引导和自律执法办案行为,应当成为政法队伍建设共同面临、必须正视和认真对待的一项重要而极有现实意义的任务。

(一)坚持依法治国

所谓依法治国,就是广大人民群众在党的领导下,依照宪法和法律规定,通过各种途径和形式管理国家事务,管理经济、文化事业,管理社会事务,保证国家各项工作都依法进行,逐步实现社会民主的制度化、法律化。实践依法治国理念对执法工作具体有以下三点基本要求:努力提高法律素养——践行依法治国理念的前提;坚持严格执法——法治的基本内涵;模范遵守法律——执法者的应尽责任。

(二)坚持执法为民

执法为民是社会主义法治的本质要求,是党“立党为公、执政为民”执政理念对政法工作的必然要求,是“一切权力属于人民”的宪法原则在政法工作中的具体体现,是政法工作始终保持正确政治方向的思想保证。

执法为民,就是按照“三个代表”重要思想的本质要求,把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民的根本利益作为政法工作的根本出发点和落脚点,在各项政法工作中切实做到以人为本、执法公正、一心为民。正是因为执法为民理念对于政法工作的重要作用,因此,各级政法机关和广大政法干警,要在开展社会主义法治理念教育活动中,全面深刻理解执法为民内涵,始终坚持以人为本,牢固树立执法为民理念。

(三)坚持追求公平正义的理念

公平正义是自古以来人类社会共同的、不懈地向往和追求,公平正义是社会主义法治的最高价值目标追求和重要任务,维护和实现公平正义是政法工作的永恒主题和神圣职责,也是政法干警崇高而伟大的使命。只有树立公平正义的理念,才能使宪法规定的建设社会主义法治国家的任务落到实处,才能真正维护人民的利益,促进社会和谐发展。

1.合法合理。合理性是指执法中正确行使自由裁量权,所采取的措施、作出的决定合乎理性,符合案件事实、情节,防止滥用职权、显失公平。法律设定自由裁量权是使执法机关具体情况具体分析,既遵守一般要求又体现个别化,按照合理而公正的原则作出正确的选择和判断,从而更加准确地贯彻法律的意图。

2.平等对待。平等对待是法律面前人人平等原则在社会公平正义方面的具体要求,是公平正义的载体和支撑。没有平等对待,正义便成为抽象的空谈。平等对待主要包括以下内容:一是反对特权,法律上的平等对待,排除任何特权,反对给予同等条件者不同的待遇。要求在执法中坚持依法平等保护各类主体的合法权益,不分

地域、不分公私、不分贫富、不分民族出身,一律提供平等的司法保护和法律服务。二是禁止歧视,与反对特权相对,法律上的平等对待不允许对任何在社会关系中处于劣势地位的主体有歧视待遇。按照公平正义原则的要求,这些人不但不应当受到其他人的歧视,而且还应当得到社会给予他们的关怀援助。我国的法律援助制度、司法救助制度、未成年人在刑事诉讼中的特殊规定等都贯彻了这一原则。

3.实体与程序公正并重。程序公正不仅是实体公正实现的前提和保障,而且本身也具有独立的价值。在现代社会,程序法是否完备并得到严格的遵守执行,是衡量一个国家法制文明、司法公正、诉讼民主、人权保障程度的重要标志。程序公正具有以下几个方面的目的和价值:一是应当保障实体公正的实现。实体公正是一种结果的公正,而任何结果都是经过一定的过程得以实现的。程序的设计配置,首先是保证执法司法机关正确地发现案件的真实情况,全面客观地收集证据,准确地适用法律,正确地处理案件,保证实体法的实现。二是赋予当事人充分的权利并提供权利被侵犯时的救济渠道,有效地保障人权。程序公正要求以人为本,充分尊重当事人、行政相对人的人格尊严和主体地位,保障其应有的知情、参与、陈述、抗辩、申诉、获得法律帮助等各项权利,使其感受到客观、公平、充分参与、主张和意见得到充分表达,增强行政执法决定和司法决定的可接受性。三是规范执法行为,克服执法者的随意性,防止权力的滥用。任何权力都有滥用的可能,仅仅把正义实现的希望寄托于执法者良好的道德修养是不够的。只有借助制度的力量和约束,人们才能对执法的结果有一个相对稳定的预期,而程序正义的一个突出功能就是对权力可能被滥用进行限制和制约。

(四)树立服务大局思想

服务大局是社会主义法治的重要使命,是执法机关应切实履行的重大职责。牢固树立服务大局的理念,要求各级执法部门要把执法工作放到党和国家工作大局中来认识、把握和部署,立足本职,全面正确履行职责。

1.牢固树立服务大局的思想。要善于围绕大局筹划部署工作。学会从大局出发、从大局着眼,自觉地把各项工作融入到大局之中来思考、谋划和部署,把本地、本部门的工作作为保障党和国家大局的必要环节努力做好,使各项工作切实体现服务大局的要求。为此,要做到两点,一要统筹兼顾;二要善于结合实际创造性地开展工作。同时,适时地根据形势的发展变化研究工作思路,确定工作重点,调整策略方法,增添工作举措,确保在服务大局中更有作为。

2.立足本职。立足本职是服务大局的基础。执法人员要立足各自的工作岗位,结合自己的职责任务去服务大局,切实执好法、办好案、服好务,不能把大局看成是“摸不到,够不着”的目标,对服务大局无从着手。实际上,我们的日常工作与大局工作就是紧密相关的,按照岗位职责要求,认真尽职尽责做好每一项工作,办好每一件案件,就是为大局服务。本职工作做不好,服务大局就会成为一句空话。要依法做好本职工作,按照法律赋予的权限,严格依法办事,公正文明执法,热情周到服务,不失职、渎职,不滥用职权,不违法办案、执法违法,优质高效地做好岗位职责所要求的具体工作,正确有效地为大局服务,使人民群众满意,党委、政府满意。

3.正确履职。正确履职是服务大局的关键。执法部门、执法人员只有全面正确履行好各自的职责,才能正确而有效地服务大局,取得好的效果。

社会主义法治理念是建设法治国家的灵魂。正如胡锦涛同志指出的:“理念是行动的指南。我们实施依法治国的基本方略,建设社会主义法治国家,既要积极加强法制建设,又要牢固树立社会主义法治理念。”特别是在当前我国经济社会发展的关键时期,坚持贯彻社会主义法治理念,对贯彻科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会有着重要的战略意义。