下载文档第一篇：《实习医生格蕾》编剧莱梅斯在达特茅斯学院毕业典礼上的演讲(视频+文本)
President Hanlon, faculty, staff, honored guests, parents, students, families and friends—good morning and congratulations to the Dartmouth graduating class of 2014!So.This is weird.Me giving a speech.In general, I do not like giving speeches.Giving a speech requires standing in front of large groups of people while they look at you and it also requires talking.I can do the standing part OK.But the you looking and the me talking...I am not a fan.I get this overwhelming feeling of fear.Terror, really.Dry mouth, heart beats superfast, everything gets a little bit slow motion.Like I might pass out.Or die.Or poop my pants or something.I mean, don’t worry.I’m not going to pass out or die or poop my pants.Mainly because just by telling you that it could happen, I have somehow neutralized it as an option.Like as if saying it out loud casts some kind of spell where now it cannot possibly happen now.Vomit.I could vomit.See.Vomiting is now also off the table.Neutralized it.We’re good.Anyway, the point is.I do not like to give speeches.I’m a writer.I’m a TV writer.I like to write stuff for other people to say.I actually contemplated bringing Ellen Pompeo or Kerry Washington here to say my speech for me...but my lawyer pointed out that when you drag someone across state lines against their will, the FBI comes looking for you, so...I don’t like giving speeches, in general, because of the fear and terror.But this speech? This speech, I really did not want to give.A Dartmouth Commencement speech? Dry mouth.Heart beats so, so fast.Everything in slow motion.Pass out, die, poop.Look, it would be fine if this were, 20 years ago.If it were back in the day when I graduated from Dartmouth.Twenty-three years ago, I was sitting right where you are now.And I was listening to Elizabeth Dole speak.And she was great.She was calm and she was confident.It was just...different.It felt like she was just talking to a group of people.Like a fireside chat with friends.Just Liddy Dole and like 9,000 of her closest friends.Because it was 20 years ago.And she was just talking to a group of people.Now? Twenty years later? This is no fireside chat.It’s not just you and me.This speech is filmed and streamed and tweeted and uploaded.NPR has like, a whole site dedicated to Commencement speeches.A whole site just about commencement speeches.There are sites that rate them and mock them and dissect them.It’s weird.And stressful.And kind of vicious if you’re an introvert perfectionist writer who hates speaking in public in the first place.When President Hanlon called me—and by the way, I would like to thank President Hanlon for asking me way back in January, thus giving me a full six months of terror and panic to enjoy.When President Hanlon called me, I almost said no.Almost.Dry mouth.Heart beats so, so fast.Everything in slow motion.Pass out, die, poop.But I’m here.I am gonna do it.I’m doing it.You know why?
Because I like a challenge.And because this year I made myself a promise that I was going to do the stuff that terrifies me.And because, 20-plus years ago when I was trudging uphill from the River Cluster through all that snow to get to the Hop for play rehearsal, I never imagined that I would one day be standing here, at the Old Pine lectern.Staring out at all of you.About to throw down on some wisdom in the Dartmouth Commencement address.So, you know, yeah.Moments.Also, I’m here because I really, really wanted some EBAs.OK.I want to say right now that every single time someone asked me what I was going to talk about in this speech, I would boldly and confidently tell them that I had all kinds wisdom to share.I was lying.I feel wildly unqualified to give you advice.There is no wisdom here.So all I can do is talk about some stuff that could maybe be useful to you, from one Dartmouth grad to another.Some stuff that won’t ever show up in a Meredith Grey voiceover or a Papa Pope monologue.Some stuff I probably shouldn’t be telling you here now because of the uploading and the streaming and the tweeting.But I am going to pretend that it is 20 years ago.That it’s just you and me.That we’re having a fireside chat.Screw the outside world and what they think.I’ve already said “poop” like five times already anyway...things are getting real up in here.OK, wait.Before I talk to you.I want to talk to your parents.Because the other thing about it being 20 years later is that I’m a mother now.So I know some things, some very different things.I have three girls.I’ve been to the show.You don’t know what that means, but your parents do.You think this day is all about you.But your parents...the people who raised you...the people who endured you...they potty trained you, they taught you to read, they survived you as a teenager, they have suffered 21 years and not once did they kill you.This day...you call it your graduation day.But this day is not about you.This is their day.This is the day they take back their lives, this is the day they earn their freedom.This day is their Independence Day.So, parents, I salute you.And as I have an eight-month-old, I hope to join your ranks of freedom in 20 years!
OK.So here comes the real deal part of the speech, or you might call it, Some Random Stuff Some Random Alum Who Runs a TV Show Thinks I Should Know Before I Graduate:
You ready?
When people give these kinds of speeches, they usually tell you all kinds of wise and heartfelt things.They have wisdom to impart.They have lessons to share.They tell you: Follow your dreams.Listen to your spirit.Change the world.Make your mark.Find your inner voice and make it sing.Embrace failure.Dream.Dream and dream big.As a matter of fact, dream and don’t stop dreaming until all of your dreams come true.I think that’s crap.I think a lot of people dream.And while they are busy dreaming, the really happy people, the really successful people, the really interesting, engaged, powerful people, are busy doing.The dreamers.They stare at the sky and they make plans and they hope and they talk about it endlessly.And they start a lot of sentences with “I want to be...” or “I wish.”
“I want to be a writer.” “I wish I could travel around the world.”
And they dream of it.The buttoned-up ones meet for cocktails and they brag about their dreams, and the hippie ones have vision boards and they meditate about their dreams.Maybe you write in journals about your dreams or discuss it endlessly with your best friend or your girlfriend or your mother.And it feels really good.You’re talking about it, and you’re planning it.Kind of.You are blue-skying your life.And that is what everyone says you should be doing.Right? I mean, that’s what Oprah and Bill Gates did to get successful, right?
No.Dreams are lovely.But they are just dreams.Fleeting, ephemeral, pretty.But dreams do not come true just because you dream them.It’s hard work that makes things happen.It’s hard work that creates change.So, Lesson One, I guess is: Ditch the dream and be a doer, not a dreamer.Maybe you know exactly what it is you dream of being, or maybe you’re paralyzed because you have no idea what your passion is.The truth is, it doesn’t matter.You don’t have to know.You just have to keep moving forward.You just have to keep doing something, seizing the next opportunity, staying open to trying something new.It doesn’t have to fit your vision of the perfect job or the perfect life.Perfect is boring and dreams are not real.Just...do.So you think, “I wish I could travel.” Great.Sell your crappy car, buy a ticket to Bangkok, and go.Right now.I’m serious.You want to be a writer? A writer is someone who writes every day, so start writing.You don’t have a job? Get one.Any job.Don’t sit at home waiting for the magical opportunity.Who are you? Prince William? No.Get a job.Go to work.Do something until you can do something else.I did not dream of being a TV writer.Never, not once when I was here in the hallowed halls of the Ivy League, did I say to myself, “Self, I want to write TV.”
You know what I wanted to be? I wanted to be Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison.That was my dream.I blue sky’ed it like crazy.I dreamed and dreamed.And while I was dreaming, I was living in my sister’s basement.Dreamers often end up living in the basements of relatives, FYI.Anyway, there I was in that basement, and I was dreaming of being Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison.And guess what? I couldn’t be Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison, because Toni Morrison already had that job and she wasn’t interested in giving it up.So one day I was sitting in that basement and I read an article that said—it was in The New York Times—and it said it was harder to get into USC Film School than it was to get into Harvard Law School.And I thought I could dream about being Toni Morrison, or I could do.At film school, I discovered an entirely new way of telling stories.A way that suited me.A way that brought me joy.A way that flipped this switch in my brain and changed the way I saw the world.Years later, I had dinner with Toni Morrison.All she wanted to talk about was Grey’s Anatomy.That never would have happened if I hadn’t stopped dreaming of becoming her and gotten busy becoming myself.Lesson Two.Lesson two is that tomorrow is going to be the worst day ever for you.When I graduated from Dartmouth that day in 1991, when I was sitting right where you are and I was staring up at Elizabeth Dole speaking, I will admit that I have no idea what she was saying.Couldn’t even listen to her.Not because I was overwhelmed or emotional or any of that.But because I had a serious hangover.Like, an epic painful hangover because(and here is where I apologize to President Hanlon because I know that you are trying to build a better and more responsible Dartmouth and I applaud you and I admire you and it is very necessary)but I was really freaking drunk the night before.And the reason I’d been so drunk the night before, the reason I’d done upside down margarita shots at Bones Gate was because I knew that after graduation, I was going to take off my cap and gown, my parents were going to pack my stuff in the car and I was going to go home and probably never come back to Hanover again.And even if I did come back, it wouldn’t matter because it wouldn’t be the same because I didn’t live here anymore.On my graduation day, I was grieving.My friends were celebrating.They were partying.They were excited.So happy.No more school, no more books, no more teachers’ dirty looks.And I was like, are you freaking kidding me? You get all the fro-yo you want here!The gym is free.The apartments in Manhattan are smaller than my suite in North Mass.Who cared if there was no place to get my hair done? All my friends are here.I have a theatre company here.I was grieving.I knew enough about how the world works, enough about how adulthood plays out, to be grieving.Here’s where I am going to embarrass myself and make you all feel maybe a little bit better about yourselves.I literally lay down on the floor of my dorm room and cried while my mother packed up my room.I refused to help her.Like, hell no I won’t go.I nonviolent-protested leaving here.Like, went limp like a protestor, only without the chanting—it was really pathetic.If none of you lie down on a dirty hardwood floor and cry today while your mommy packs up your dorm room, you are already starting your careers out ahead of me.You are winning.But here’s the thing.The thing I really felt like I knew was that the real world sucks.And it is scary.College is awesome.You’re special here.You’re in the Ivy League, you are at the pinnacle of your life’s goals at this point—your entire life up until now has been about getting into some great college and then graduating from that college.And now, today, you have done it.The moment you get out of college, you think you are going to take the world by storm.All doors will be opened to you.It’s going to be laughter and diamonds and soirees left and right.What really happens is that, to the rest of the world, you are now at the bottom of the heap.Maybe you’re an intern, possibly a low-paid assistant.And it is awful.The real world, it sucked so badly for me.I felt like a loser all of the time.And more than a loser? I felt lost.Which brings me to clarify lesson number two.Tomorrow is going to be the worst day ever for you.But don’t be an asshole.Here’s the thing.Yes, it is hard out there.But hard is relative.I come from a middle-class family, my parents are academics, I was born after the civil rights movement, I was a toddler during the women’s movement, I live in the United States of America, all of which means I’m allowed to own my freedom, my rights, my voice, and my uterus;and I went to Dartmouth and I earned an Ivy League degree.The lint in my navel that accumulated while I gazed at it as I suffered from feeling lost about how hard it was to not feel special after graduation...that navel lint was embarrassed for me.Elsewhere in the world, girls are harmed simply because they want to get an education.Slavery still exists.Children still die from malnutrition.In this country, we lose more people to handgun violence than any other nation in the world.Sexual assault against women in America is pervasive and disturbing and continues at an alarming rate.So yes, tomorrow may suck for you—as it did for me.But as you stare at the lint in your navel, have some perspective.We are incredibly lucky.We have been given a gift.An incredible education has been placed before us.We ate all the fro-yo we could get our hands on.We skied.We had EBAs at 1 a.m.We built bonfires and got frostbite and had all the free treadmills.We beer-ponged our asses off.Now it’s time to pay it forward.Find a cause you love.It’s OK to pick just one.You are going to need to spend a lot of time out in the real world trying to figure out how to stop feeling like a lost loser, so one cause is good.Devote some time every week to it.Oh.And while we are discussing this, let me say a thing.A hashtag is not helping.#yesallwomen#takebackthenight#notallmen#bringbackourgirls #StopPretendingHashtagsAreTheSameAsDoingSomething
Hashtags are very pretty on Twitter.I love them.I will hashtag myself into next week.But a hashtag is not a movement.A hashtag does not make you Dr.King.A hashtag does not change anything.It’s a hashtag.It’s you, sitting on your butt, typing on your computer and then going back to binge-watching your favorite show.I do it all the time.For me, it’s Game of Thrones.Volunteer some hours.Focus on something outside yourself.Devote a slice of your energies towards making the world suck less every week.Some people suggest doing this will increase your sense of well-being.Some say it’s good karma.I say that it will allow you to remember that, whether you are a legacy or the first in your family to go to college, the air you are breathing right now is rare air.Appreciate it.Don’t be an asshole.Lesson number three.So you’re out there, and you’re giving back and you’re doing, and it’s working.And life is good.You are making it.You’re a success.And it’s exciting and it’s great.At least it is for me.I love my life.I have three TV shows at work and I have three daughters at home.And it’s all amazing, and I am truly happy.And people are constantly asking me, how do you do it?
And usually, they have this sort of admiring and amazed tone.Shonda, how do you do it all?
Like I’m full of magical magic and special wisdom-ness or something.How do you do it all?
And I usually just smile and say like, “I’m really organized.” Or if I’m feeling slightly kindly, I say, “I have a lot of help.”
And those things are true.But they also are not true.And this is the thing that I really want to say.To all of you.Not just to the women out there.Although this will matter to you women a great deal as you enter the work force and try to figure out how to juggle work and family.But it will also matter to the men, who I think increasingly are also trying to figure out how to juggle work and family.And frankly, if you aren’t trying to figure it out, men of Dartmouth, you should be.Fatherhood is being redefined at a lightning-fast rate.You do not want to be a dinosaur.So women and men of Dartmouth: As you try to figure out the impossible task of juggling work and family and you hear over and over and over again that you just need a lot of help or you just need to be organized or you just need to try just a little bit harder...as a very successful woman, a single mother of three, who constantly gets asked the question “How do you do it all?” For once I am going to answer that question with 100 percent honesty here for you now.Because it’s just us.Because it’s our fireside chat.Because somebody has to tell you the truth.Shonda, how do you do it all?
The answer is this: I don’t.Whenever you see me somewhere succeeding in one area of my life, that almost certainly means I am failing in another area of my life.If I am killing it on a Scandal script for work, I am probably missing bath and story time at home.If I am at home sewing my kids’ Halloween costumes, I’m probably blowing off a rewrite I was supposed to turn in.If I am accepting a prestigious award, I am missing my baby’s first swim lesson.If I am at my daughter’s debut in her school musical, I am missing Sandra Oh’s last scene ever being filmed at Grey’s Anatomy.If I am succeeding at one, I am inevitably failing at the other.That is the tradeoff.That is the Faustian bargain one makes with the devil that comes with being a powerful working woman who is also a powerful mother.You never feel a hundred percent OK;you never get your sea legs;you are always a little nauseous.Something is always lost.Something is always missing.And yet.I want my daughters to see me and know me as a woman who works.I want that example set for them.I like how proud they are when they come to my offices and know that they come to Shondaland.There is a land and it is named after their mother.In their world, mothers run companies.In their world, mothers own Thursday nights.In their world, mothers work.And I am a better mother for it.The woman I am because I get to run Shondaland, because I get write all day, because I get to spend my days making things up, that woman is a better person—and a better mother.Because that woman is happy.That woman is fulfilled.That woman is whole.I wouldn’t want them to know the me who didn’t get to do this all day long.I wouldn’t want them to know the me who wasn’t doing.Lesson Number Three is that anyone who tells you they are doing it all perfectly is a liar.OK.I fear I’ve scared you or been a little bit bleak, and that was not my intention.It is my hope that you run out of here, excited, leaning forward, into the wind, ready to take the world by storm.That would be so very fabulous.For you to do what everyone expects of you.For you to just go be exactly the picture of hardcore Dartmouth awesome.My point, I think, is that it is OK if you don’t.My point is that it can be scary to graduate.That you can lie on the hardwood floor of your dorm room and cry while your mom packs up your stuff.That you can have an impossible dream to be Toni Morrison that you have to let go of.That every day you can feel like you might be failing at work or at your home life.That the real world is hard.And yet, you can still wake up every single morning and go, “I have three amazing kids and I have created work I am proud of, and I absolutely love my life and I would not trade it for anyone else’s life ever.”
You can still wake up one day and find yourself living a life you never even imagined dreaming of.My dreams did not come true.But I worked really hard.And I ended up building an empire out of my imagination.So my dreams? Can suck it.You can wake up one day and find that you are interesting and powerful and engaged.You can wake up one day and find that you are a doer.You can be sitting right where you are now.Looking up at me.Probably—hopefully, I pray for you—hung over.And then 20 years from now, you can wake up and find yourself in the Hanover Inn full of fear and terror because you are going to give the Commencement speech.Dry mouth.Heart beats so, so fast.Everything in slow motion.Pass out, die, poop.Which one of you will it be? Which member of the 2014 class is going to find themselves standing up here? Because I checked and it is pretty rare for an alum to speak here.It’s pretty much just me and Robert Frost and Mr.Rogers, which is crazy awesome.Which one of you is going to make it up here? I really hope that it’s one of you.Seriously.When it happens, you’ll know what this feels like.Dry mouth.Heart beats so, so fast.Everything moves in slow motion.Graduates, every single one of you, be proud of your accomplishments.Make good on your diplomas.You are no longer students.You are no longer works in progress.You are now citizens of the real world.You have a responsibility to become a person worthy of joining and contributing to society.Because who you are today...that’s who you are.So be brave.Be amazing.Be worthy.And every single time you get a chance?
Stand up in front of people.Let them see you.Speak.Be heard.Go ahead and have the dry mouth.Let your heart beat so, so fast.Watch everything move in slow motion.So what?
You what?
You pass out, you die, you poop? No.And this is really the only lesson you’ll ever need to know...You take it in.You breathe this rare air.You feel alive.You be yourself.You truly finally always be yourself.Thank you.Good luck.
第二篇：柯南·奥布莱恩达特茅斯学院2011毕业演讲英文全文
I've been living in Los Angeles for two years, and I've never been this cold in my life.I will pay anyone here $300 for GORE-TEX gloves.Anybody.I'm serious.I have the cash.Before I begin, I must point out that behind me sits a highly admired President of the United States and decorated war hero while I, a cable television talk show host, has been chosen to stand here and impart wisdom.I pray I never witness a more damning example of what is wrong with America today.Graduates, faculty, parents, relatives, undergraduates, and old people that just come to these things: Good morning and congratulations to the Dartmouth Class of 2011.Today, you have achieved something special, something only 92 percent of Americans your age will ever know: a college diploma.That’s right, with your college diploma you now have a crushing advantage over 8 percent of the workforce.I'm talking about dropout losers like Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and Mark Zuckerberg.Incidentally, speaking of Mr.Zuckerberg, only at Harvard would someone have to invent a massive social network just to talk with someone in the next room.My first job as your commencement speaker is to illustrate that life is not fair.For example, you have worked tirelessly for four years to earn the diploma you’ll be receiving this weekend.That was great.And Dartmouth is giving me the same degree for interviewing the fourth lead in Twilight.Deal with it.Another example that life is not fair: if it does rain, the powerful rich people on stage get the tent.Deal with it.I would like to thank President Kim for inviting me here today.After my phone call with President Kim, I decided to find out a little bit about the man.He goes by President Kim and Dr.Kim.To his friends, he's Jim Kim, J to the K, Special K, JK Rowling, the Just Kidding Kimster, and most puzzling, “Stinky Pete.” He served as the chair of the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard Medical School, spearheaded a task force for the World Health Organization on Global Health Initiatives, won a MacArthur Genius Grant, and was one of TIME Magazine's 100 Most Influential People in 2006.Good God, man, what the hell are you compensating for? Seriously.We get it.You're smart.By the way Dr.Kim, you were brought to Dartmouth to lead, and as a world-class anthropologist, you were also hired to figure out why each of these graduating students ran around a bonfire 111 times.But I thank you for inviting me here, Stinky Pete, and it is an honor.Though some of you may see me as a celebrity, you should know that I once sat where you sit.Literally.Late last night I snuck out here and sat in every seat.I did it to prove a point: I am not bright and I have a lot of free time.But this is a wonderful occasion and it is great to be here in New Hampshire, where I am getting an honorary degree and all the legal fireworks I can fit in the trunk of my car.You know, New Hampshire is such a special place.When I arrived I took a deep breath of this crisp New England air and thought, “Wow, I'm in the state that's next to the state where Ben and Jerry's ice cream is made.”
But don't get me wrong, I take my task today very seriously.When I got the call two months ago to be your speaker, I decided to prepare with the same intensity many of you have devoted to an important term paper.So late last night, I began.I drank two cans of Red Bull, snorted some Adderall, played a few hours of Call of Duty, and then opened my browser.I think Wikipedia put it best when they said “Dartmouth College is a private Ivy League University in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States.” Thank you and good luck.To communicate with you students today, I have gone to great lengths to become well-versed in your unique linguistic patterns.In fact, just this morning I left Baker Berry with my tripee Barry to eat a Billy Bob at the Bema when my flitz to Francesca was Blitz jacked by some d-bag on his FSP.Yes, I've done my research.This college was named after the Second Earl of Dartmouth, a good friend of the Third Earl of UC Santa Cruz and the Duke of the Barbizon School of Beauty.Your school motto is “Vox clamantis in deserto,” which means “Voice crying out in the wilderness.” This is easily the most pathetic school motto I have ever heard.Apparently, it narrowly beat out “Silently Weeping in Thick Shrub” and “Whimpering in Moist Leaves without Pants.” Your school color is green, and this color was chosen by Frederick Mather in 1867 because, and this is true—I looked it up—“it was the only color that had not been taken already.” I cannot remember hearing anything so sad.Dartmouth, you have an inferiority complex, and you should not.You have graduated more great fictitious Americans than any other college.Meredith Grey of Grey's Anatomy.Pete Campbell from Mad Men.Michael Corleone from The Godfather.In fact, I look forward to next years' Valedictory Address by your esteemed classmate, Count Chocula.Of course, your greatest fictitious graduate is Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner.Man, can you imagine if a real Treasury Secretary made those kinds of decisions? Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha.Now I know what you're going to say, Dartmouth, you're going to say, well “We've got Dr.Seuss.” Well guess what, we're all tired of hearing about Dr.Seuss.Face it: The man rhymed fafloozle with saznoozle.In the literary community, that's called cheating.Your insecurity is so great, Dartmouth, that you don't even think you deserve a real podium.I'm sorry.What the hell is this thing? It looks like you stole it from the set of Survivor: Nova Scotia.Seriously, it looks like something a bear would use at an AA meeting.No, Dartmouth, you must stand tall.Raise your heads high and feel proud.Because if Harvard, Yale, and Princeton are your self-involved, vain, name-dropping older brothers, you are the cool, sexually confident, lacrosse playing younger sibling who knows how to throw a party and looks good in a down vest.Brown, of course, is your lesbian sister who never leaves her room.And Penn, Columbia, and Cornell—well, frankly, who gives a shit.Yes, I've always had a special bond with this school.In fact, this is my second time coming here.When I was 17 years old and touring colleges, way back in the fall of 1980, I came to Dartmouth.Dartmouth was a very different place back then.I made the trip up from Boston on a mule and, after asking the blacksmith in West Leb for directions, I came to this beautiful campus.No dormitories had been built yet, so I stayed with a family of fur traders in White River Junction.It snowed heavily during my visit and I was trapped here for four months.I was forced to eat the mule, who a week earlier had been forced to eat the fur traders.Still, I loved Dartmouth and I vowed to return.But fate dealt a heavy blow.With no money, I was forced to enroll in a small, local commuter school, a pulsating sore on a muddy elbow of the Charles River.I was a miserable wretch, and to this day I cannot help but wonder: What if I had gone to Dartmouth?
If I had gone to Dartmouth, I might have spent at least some of my college years outside and today I might not be allergic to all plant life, as well as most types of rock.If I had gone to Dartmouth, right now I'd be wearing a fleece thong instead of a lace thong.If I had gone to Dartmouth, I still wouldn't know the second verse to “Dear Old Dartmouth.” Face it, none of you do.You all mumble that part.If I had gone to Dartmouth, I'd have a liver the size and consistency of a bean bag chair.Finally, if I had gone to Dartmouth, today I'd be getting an honorary degree at Harvard.Imagine how awesome that would be.You are a great school, and you deserve a historic commencement address.That's right, I want my message today to be forever remembered because it changed the world.To do this, I must suggest groundbreaking policy.Winston Churchill gave his famous “Iron Curtain” speech at Westminster College in 1946.JFK outlined his nuclear disarmament policy at American University in 1963.Today, I would like to set forth my own policy here at Dartmouth: I call it “The Conan Doctrine.” Under “The Conan Doctrine”:
-All bachelor degrees will be upgraded to master's degrees.All master's degrees will be upgraded to PhDs.And all MBA students will be immediately transferred to a white collar prison.-Under “The Conan Doctrine,” Winter Carnival will become Winter Carnivale and be moved to Rio.Clothing will be optional, all expenses paid by the Alumni Association.-Your nickname, the Big Green, will be changed to something more kick-ass like “The Jade Blade,” the “Seafoam Avenger,” or simply “Lime-Zilla.”
-The D-Plan and “quarter system” will finally be updated to “the one sixty-fourth system.” Semesters will last three days.Students will be encouraged to take 48 semesters off.They must, however, be on campus during their Sophomore 4th of July.-Under “The Conan Doctrine,” I will re-instate Tubestock.And I will punish those who tried to replace it with Fieldstock.Rafting and beer are a much better combination than a field and a beer.I happen to know that in two years, they were going to downgrade Fieldstock to Deskstock, seven hours of fun sitting quietly at your desk.Don't let those bastards do it.And finally, under “The Conan Doctrine,” all commencement speakers who shamelessly pander with cheap, inside references designed to get childish applause, will be forced to apologize—to the greatest graduating class in the history of the world.Dartmouth class of 2011 rules!
Besides policy, another hallmark of great commencement speeches is deep, profound advice like “reach for the stars.” Well today, I am not going to waste your time with empty clichés.Instead, I am going to give you real, practical advice that you will need to know if you are going to survive the next few years.-First, adult acne lasts longer than you think.I almost cancelled two days ago because I had a zit on my eye.-Guys, this is important: You cannot iron a shirt while wearing it.-Here's another one.If you live on Ramen Noodles for too long, you lose all feelings in your hands and your stool becomes a white gel.-And finally, wearing colorful Converse high-tops beneath your graduation robe is a great way to tell your classmates that this is just the first of many horrible decisions you plan to make with the rest of your life.Of course there are many parents here and I have real advice for them as well.Parents, you should write this down:
-Many of your children you haven't seen them in four years.Well, now you are about to see them every day when they come out of the basement to tell you the wi-fi isn't working.-If your child majored in fine arts or philosophy, you have good reason to be worried.The only place where they are now really qualified to get a job is ancient Greece.Good luck with that degree.-The traffic today on East Wheelock is going to be murder, so once they start handing out diplomas, you should slip out in the middle of the K's.And, I have to tell you this:
-You will spend more money framing your child's diploma than they will earn in the next six months.It's tough out there, so be patient.The only people hiring right now are Panera Bread and Mexican drug cartels.Yes, you parents must be patient because it is indeed a grim job market out there.And one of the reasons it's so tough finding work is that aging baby boomers refuse to leave their jobs.Trust me on this.Even when they promise you for five years that they are going to leave—and say it on television—I mean you can go on YouTube right now and watch the guy do it, there is no guarantee they won't come back.Of course I'm speaking generally.But enough.This is not a time for grim prognostications or negativity.No, I came here today because, believe it or not, I actually do have something real to tell you.Eleven years ago I gave an address to a graduating class at Harvard.I have not spoken at a graduation since because I thought I had nothing left to say.But then 2010 came.And now I'm here, three thousand miles from my home, because I learned a hard but profound lesson last year and I'd like to share it with you.In 2000, I told graduates “Don't be afraid to fail.” Well now I'm here to tell you that, though you should not fear failure, you should do your very best to avoid it.Nietzsche famously said “Whatever doesn't kill you makes you stronger.” But what he failed to stress is that it almost kills you.Disappointment stings and, for driven, successful people like yourselves it is disorienting.What Nietzsche should have said is “Whatever doesn't kill you, makes you watch a lot of Cartoon Network and drink mid-price Chardonnay at 11 in the morning.”
Now, by definition, Commencement speakers at an Ivy League college are considered successful.But a little over a year ago, I experienced a profound and very public disappointment.I did not get what I wanted, and I left a system that had nurtured and helped define me for the better part of 17 years.I went from being in the center of the grid to not only off the grid, but underneath the coffee table that the grid sits on, lost in the shag carpeting that is underneath the coffee table supporting the grid.It was the making of a career disaster, and a terrible analogy.But then something spectacular happened.Fogbound, with no compass, and adrift, I started trying things.I grew a strange, cinnamon beard.I dove into the world of social media.I started tweeting my comedy.I threw together a national tour.I played the guitar.I did stand-up, wore a skin-tight blue leather suit, recorded an album, made a documentary, and frightened my friends and family.Ultimately, I abandoned all preconceived perceptions of my career path and stature and took a job on basic cable with a network most famous for showing reruns, along with sitcoms created by a tall, black man who dresses like an old, black woman.I did a lot of silly, unconventional, spontaneous and seemingly irrational things and guess what: with the exception of the blue leather suit, it was the most satisfying and fascinating year of my professional life.To this day I still don't understand exactly what happened, but I have never had more fun, been more challenged—and this is important—had more conviction about what I was doing.How could this be true? Well, it's simple: There are few things more liberating in this life than having your worst fear realized.I went to college with many people who prided themselves on knowing exactly who they were and exactly where they were going.At Harvard, five different guys in my class told me that they would one day be President of the United States.Four of them were later killed in motel shoot-outs.The other one briefly hosted Blues Clues, before dying senselessly in yet another motel shoot-out.Your path at 22 will not necessarily be your path at 32 or 42.One's dream is constantly evolving, rising and falling, changing course.This happens in every job, but because I have worked in comedy for twenty-five years, I can probably speak best about my own profession.Way back in the 1940s there was a very, very funny man named Jack Benny.He was a giant star, easily one of the greatest comedians of his generation.And a much younger man named Johnny Carson wanted very much to be Jack Benny.In some ways he was, but in many ways he wasn't.He emulated Jack Benny, but his own quirks and mannerisms, along with a changing medium, pulled him in a different direction.And yet his failure to completely become his hero made him the funniest person of his generation.David Letterman wanted to be Johnny Carson, and was not, and as a result my generation of comedians wanted to be David Letterman.And none of us are.My peers and I have all missed that mark in a thousand different ways.But the point is this : It is our failure to become our perceived ideal that ultimately defines us and makes us unique.It's not easy, but if you accept your misfortune and handle it right, your perceived failure can become a catalyst for profound re-invention.So, at the age of 47, after 25 years of obsessively pursuing my dream, that dream changed.For decades, in show business, the ultimate goal of every comedian was to host The Tonight Show.It was the Holy Grail, and like many people I thought that achieving that goal would define me as successful.But that is not true.No specific job or career goal defines me, and it should not define you.In 2000—in 2000—I told graduates to not be afraid to fail, and I still believe that.But today I tell you that whether you fear it or not, disappointment will come.The beauty is that through disappointment you can gain clarity, and with clarity comes conviction and true originality.Many of you here today are getting your diploma at this Ivy League school because you have committed yourself to a dream and worked hard to achieve it.And there is no greater cliché in a commencement address than “follow your dream.” Well I am here to tell you that whatever you think your dream is now, it will probably change.And that's okay.Four years ago, many of you had a specific vision of what your college experience was going to be and who you were going to become.And I bet, today, most of you would admit that your time here was very different from what you imagined.Your roommates changed, your major changed, for some of you your sexual orientation changed.I bet some of you have changed your sexual orientation since I began this speech.I know I have.But through the good and especially the bad, the person you are now is someone you could never have conjured in the fall of 2007.I have told you many things today, most of it foolish but some of it true.I'd like to end my address by breaking a taboo and quoting myself from 17 months ago.At the end of my final program with NBC, just before signing off, I said “Work hard, be kind, and amazing things will happen.” Today, receiving this honor and speaking to the Dartmouth Class of 2011 from behind a tree-trunk, I have never believed that more.Thank you very much, and congratulations.
第三篇：美国著名脱口秀主持人柯南在达特茅斯演讲
美国著名脱口秀主持人柯南•奥布莱恩为2011年达特茅斯学院做了毕业致辞。前半部分有很多搞笑串场，后半部分柯南跟大家分享了自己的经历和人生经验：正是那些既定想法的失败，才使我们成为独一无二的人！以下是演讲全文：
I've been living in Los Angeles for two years, and I've never been this cold in my life.I will pay anyone here $300 for GORE-TEX gloves.Anybody.I'm serious.I have the cash.Before I begin, I must point out that behind me sits a highly admired President of the United States and decorated war hero while I, a cable television talk show host, has been chosen to stand here and impart wisdom.I pray I never witness a more damning example of what is wrong with America today.Graduates, faculty, parents, relatives, undergraduates, and old people that just come to these things: Good morning and congratulations to the Dartmouth Class of 2011.Today, you have achieved something special, something only 92 percent of Americans your age will ever know: a college diploma.That’s right, with your college diploma you now have a crushing advantage over 8 percent of the workforce.I'm talking about dropout losers like Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, and Mark Zuckerberg.Incidentally, speaking of Mr.Zuckerberg, only at Harvard would someone have to invent a massive social network just to talk with someone in the next room.My first job as your commencement speaker is to illustrate that life is not fair.For example, you have worked tirelessly for four years to earn the diploma you’ll be receiving this weekend.That was great.And Dartmouth is giving me the same degree for interviewing the fourth lead in Twilight.Deal with it.Another example that life is not fair: if it does rain, the powerful rich people on stage get the tent.Deal with it.I would like to thank President Kim for inviting me here today.After my phone call with President Kim, I decided to find out a little bit about the man.He goes by President Kim and Dr.Kim.To his friends, he's Jim Kim, J to the K, Special K, JK Rowling, the Just Kidding Kimster, and most puzzling, “Stinky Pete.” He served as the chair of the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard Medical School, spearheaded a task force for the World Health Organization on Global Health Initiatives, won a MacArthur Genius Grant, and was one of TIME Magazine's 100 Most Influential People in 2006.Good God, man, what the hell are you compensating for? Seriously.We get it.You're smart.By the way Dr.Kim, you were brought to Dartmouth to lead, and as a world-class anthropologist, you were also hired to figure out why each of these graduating students ran around a bonfire 111 times.But I thank you for inviting me here, Stinky Pete, and it is an honor.Though some of you may see me as a celebrity, you should know that I once sat where you sit.Literally.Late last night I snuck out here and sat in every seat.I did it to prove a point: I am not bright and I have a lot of free time.But this is a wonderful occasion and it is great to be here in New Hampshire, where I am getting an honorary degree and all the legal fireworks I can fit in the trunk of my car.You know, New Hampshire is such a special place.When I arrived I took a deep breath of this crisp New England air and thought, “Wow, I'm in the state that's next to the state where Ben and Jerry's ice cream is made.” But don't get me wrong, I take my task today very seriously.When I got the call two months ago to be your speaker, I decided to prepare with the same intensity many of you have devoted to an important term paper.So late last night, I began.I drank two cans of Red Bull, snorted some Adderall, played a few hours of Call of Duty, and then opened my browser.I think Wikipedia put it best when they said “Dartmouth College is a private Ivy League University in Hanover, New Hampshire, United States.” Thank you and good luck.To communicate with you students today, I have gone to great lengths to become well-versed in your unique linguistic patterns.In fact, just this morning I left Baker Berry with my tripee Barry to eat a Billy Bob at the Bema when my flitz to Francesca was Blitz jacked by some d-bag on his FSP.Yes, I've done my research.This college was named after the Second Earl of Dartmouth, a good friend of the Third Earl of UC Santa Cruz and the Duke of the Barbizon School of Beauty.Your school motto is “Vox clamantis in deserto,” which means “Voice crying out in the wilderness.” This is easily the most pathetic school motto I have ever heard.Apparently, it narrowly beat out “Silently Weeping in Thick Shrub” and “Whimpering in Moist Leaves without Pants.” Your school color is green, and this color was chosen by Frederick Mather in 1867 because, and this is true—I looked it up—“it was the only color that had not been taken already.” I cannot remember hearing anything so sad.Dartmouth, you have an inferiority complex, and you should not.You have graduated more great fictitious Americans than any other college.Meredith Grey of Grey's Anatomy.Pete Campbell from Mad Men.Michael Corleone from The Godfather.In fact, I look forward to next years' Valedictory Address by your esteemed classmate, Count Chocula.Of course, your greatest fictitious graduate is Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner.Man, can you imagine if a real Treasury Secretary made those kinds of decisions? Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha.Now I know what you're going to say, Dartmouth, you're going to say, well “We've got Dr.Seuss.” Well guess what, we're all tired of hearing about Dr.Seuss.Face it: The man rhymed fafloozle with saznoozle.In the literary community, that's called cheating.Your insecurity is so great, Dartmouth, that you don't even think you deserve a real podium.I'm sorry.What the hell is this thing? It looks like you stole it from the set of Survivor: Nova Scotia.Seriously, it looks like something a bear would use at an AA meeting.No, Dartmouth, you must stand tall.Raise your heads high and feel proud.Because if Harvard, Yale, and Princeton are your self-involved, vain, name-dropping older brothers, you are the cool, sexually confident, lacrosse playing younger sibling who knows how to throw a party and looks good in a down vest.Brown, of course, is your lesbian sister who never leaves her room.And Penn, Columbia, and Cornell—well, frankly, who gives a shit.Yes, I've always had a special bond with this school.In fact, this is my second time coming here.When I was 17 years old and touring colleges, way back in the fall of 1980, I came to Dartmouth.Dartmouth was a very different place back then.I made the trip up from Boston on a mule and, after asking the blacksmith in West Leb for directions, I came to this beautiful campus.No dormitories had been built yet, so I stayed with a family of fur traders in White River Junction.It snowed heavily during my visit and I was trapped here for four months.I was forced to eat the mule, who a week earlier had been forced to eat the fur traders.Still, I loved Dartmouth and I vowed to return.But fate dealt a heavy blow.With no money, I was forced to enroll in a small, local commuter school, a pulsating sore on a muddy elbow of the Charles River.I was a miserable wretch, and to this day I cannot help but wonder: What if I had gone to Dartmouth? If I had gone to Dartmouth, I might have spent at least some of my college years outside and today I might not be allergic to all plant life, as well as most types of rock.If I had gone to Dartmouth, right now I'd be wearing a fleece thong instead of a lace thong.If I had gone to Dartmouth, I still wouldn't know the second verse to “Dear Old Dartmouth.” Face it, none of you do.You all mumble that part.If I had gone to Dartmouth, I'd have a liver the size and consistency of a bean bag chair.Finally, if I had gone to Dartmouth, today I'd be getting an honorary degree at Harvard.Imagine how awesome that would be.You are a great school, and you deserve a historic commencement address.That's right, I want my message today to be forever remembered because it changed the world.To do this, I must suggest groundbreaking policy.Winston Churchill gave his famous “Iron Curtain” speech at Westminster College in 1946.JFK outlined his nuclear disarmament policy at American University in 1963.Today, I would like to set forth my own policy here at Dartmouth: I call it “The Conan Doctrine.” Under “The Conan Doctrine”:
-All bachelor degrees will be upgraded to master's degrees.All master's degrees will be upgraded to PhDs.And all MBA students will be immediately transferred to a white collar prison.-Under “The Conan Doctrine,” Winter Carnival will become Winter Carnivale and be moved to Rio.Clothing will be optional, all expenses paid by the Alumni Association.-Your nickname, the Big Green, will be changed to something more kick-ass like “The Jade Blade,” the “Seafoam Avenger,” or simply “Lime-Zilla.”
-The D-Plan and “quarter system” will finally be updated to “the one sixty-fourth system.” Semesters will last three days.Students will be encouraged to take 48 semesters off.They must, however, be on campus during their Sophomore 4th of July.-Under “The Conan Doctrine,” I will re-instate Tubestock.And I will punish those who tried to replace it with Fieldstock.Rafting and beer are a much better combination than a field and a beer.I happen to know that in two years, they were going to downgrade Fieldstock to Deskstock, seven hours of fun sitting quietly at your desk.Don't let those bastards do it.And finally, under “The Conan Doctrine,” all commencement speakers who shamelessly pander with cheap, inside references designed to get childish applause, will be forced to apologize—to the greatest graduating class in the history of the world.Dartmouth class of 2011 rules!
Besides policy, another hallmark of great commencement speeches is deep, profound advice like “reach for the stars.” Well today, I am not going to waste your time with empty clichés.Instead, I am going to give you real, practical advice that you will need to know if you are going to survive the next few years.-First, adult acne lasts longer than you think.I almost cancelled two days ago because I had a zit on my eye.-Guys, this is important: You cannot iron a shirt while wearing it.-Here's another one.If you live on Ramen Noodles for too long, you lose all feelings in your hands and your stool becomes a white gel.-And finally, wearing colorful Converse high-tops beneath your graduation robe is a great way to tell your classmates that this is just the first of many horrible decisions you plan to make with the rest of your life.Of course there are many parents here and I have real advice for them as well.Parents, you should write this down:
-Many of your children you haven't seen them in four years.Well, now you are about to see them every day when they come out of the basement to tell you the wi-fi isn't working.-If your child majored in fine arts or philosophy, you have good reason to be worried.The only place where they are now really qualified to get a job is ancient Greece.Good luck with that degree.-The traffic today on East Wheelock is going to be murder, so once they start handing out diplomas, you should slip out in the middle of the K's.And, I have to tell you this:
-You will spend more money framing your child's diploma than they will earn in the next six months.It's tough out there, so be patient.The only people hiring right now are Panera Bread and Mexican drug cartels.Yes, you parents must be patient because it is indeed a grim job market out there.And one of the reasons it's so tough finding work is that aging baby boomers refuse to leave their jobs.Trust me on this.Even when they promise you for five years that they are going to leave—and say it on television—I mean you can go on YouTube right now and watch the guy do it, there is no guarantee they won't come back.Of course I'm speaking generally.But enough.This is not a time for grim prognostications or negativity.No, I came here today because, believe it or not, I actually do have something real to tell you.Eleven years ago I gave an address to a graduating class at Harvard.I have not spoken at a graduation since because I thought I had nothing left to say.But then 2010 came.And now I'm here, three thousand miles from my home, because I learned a hard but profound lesson last year and I'd like to share it with you.In 2000, I told graduates “Don't be afraid to fail.” Well now I'm here to tell you that, though you should not fear failure, you should do your very best to avoid it.Nietzsche famously said “Whatever doesn't kill you makes you stronger.” But what he failed to stress is that it almost kills you.Disappointment stings and, for driven, successful people like yourselves it is disorienting.What Nietzsche should have said is “Whatever doesn't kill you, makes you watch a lot of Cartoon Network and drink mid-price Chardonnay at 11 in the morning.” Now, by definition, Commencement speakers at an Ivy League college are considered successful.But a little over a year ago, I experienced a profound and very public disappointment.I did not get what I wanted, and I left a system that had nurtured and helped define me for the better part of 17 years.I went from being in the center of the grid to not only off the grid, but underneath the coffee table that the grid sits on, lost in the shag carpeting that is underneath the coffee table supporting the grid.It was the making of a career disaster, and a terrible analogy.But then something spectacular happened.Fogbound, with no compass, and adrift, I started trying things.I grew a strange, cinnamon beard.I dove into the world of social media.I started tweeting my comedy.I threw together a national tour.I played the guitar.I did stand-up, wore a skin-tight blue leather suit, recorded an album, made a documentary, and frightened my friends and family.Ultimately, I abandoned all preconceived perceptions of my career path and stature and took a job on basic cable with a network most famous for showing reruns, along with sitcoms created by a tall, black man who dresses like an old, black woman.I did a lot of silly, unconventional, spontaneous and seemingly irrational things and guess what: with the exception of the blue leather suit, it was the most satisfying and fascinating year of my professional life.To this day I still don't understand exactly what happened, but I have never had more fun, been more challenged—and this is important—had more conviction about what I was doing.How could this be true? Well, it's simple: There are few things more liberating in this life than having your worst fear realized.I went to college with many people who prided themselves on knowing exactly who they were and exactly where they were going.At Harvard, five different guys in my class told me that they would one day be President of the United States.Four of them were later killed in motel shoot-outs.The other one briefly hosted Blues Clues, before dying senselessly in yet another motel shoot-out.Your path at 22 will not necessarily be your path at 32 or 42.One's dream is constantly evolving, rising and falling, changing course.This happens in every job, but because I have worked in comedy for twenty-five years, I can probably speak best about my own profession.Way back in the 1940s there was a very, very funny man named Jack Benny.He was a giant star, easily one of the greatest comedians of his generation.And a
much younger man named Johnny Carson wanted very much to be Jack Benny.In some ways he was, but in many ways he wasn't.He emulated Jack Benny, but his own quirks and mannerisms, along with a changing medium, pulled him in a different direction.And yet his failure to completely become his hero made him the funniest person of his generation.David Letterman wanted to be Johnny Carson, and was not, and as a result my generation of comedians wanted to be David Letterman.And none of us are.My peers and I have all missed that mark in a thousand different ways.But the point is this : It is our failure to become our perceived ideal that ultimately defines us and makes us unique.It's not easy, but if you accept your misfortune and handle it right, your perceived failure can become a catalyst for profound re-invention.So, at the age of 47, after 25 years of obsessively pursuing my dream, that dream changed.For decades, in show business, the ultimate goal of every comedian was to host The Tonight Show.It was the Holy Grail, and like many people I thought that achieving that goal would define me as successful.But that is not true.No specific job or career goal defines me, and it should not define you.In 2000—in 2000—I told graduates to not be afraid to fail, and I still believe that.But today I tell you that whether you fear it or not, disappointment will come.The beauty is that through disappointment you can gain clarity, and with clarity comes conviction and true originality.Many of you here today are getting your diploma at this Ivy League school because you have committed yourself to a dream and worked hard to achieve it.And there is no greater cliché in a commencement address than “follow your dream.” Well I am here to tell you that whatever you think your dream is now, it will probably change.And that's okay.Four years ago, many of you had a specific vision of what your college experience was going to be and who you were going to become.And I bet, today, most of you would admit that your time here was very different from what you imagined.Your roommates changed, your major changed, for some of you your sexual orientation changed.I bet some of you have changed your sexual orientation since I began this speech.I know I have.But through the good and especially the bad, the person you are now is someone you could never have conjured in the fall of 2007.I have told you many things today, most of it foolish but some of it true.I'd like to end my address by breaking a taboo and quoting myself from 17 months ago.At the end of my final program with NBC, just before signing off, I said “Work hard, be kind, and amazing things will happen.” Today, receiving this honor and speaking to the Dartmouth Class of 2011 from behind a tree-trunk, I have never believed that more.Thank you very much, and congratulations.
第四篇：查理·芒格在南加州大学毕业典礼上的演讲
查理·芒格在南加州大学毕业典礼上的演讲
你们当中肯定有许多人会觉得奇怪：这么老还能来演讲(听众大笑)。嗯，答案很明显：他还没有死(听众大笑)。为什么要请这个人来演讲呢？我也不知道，我希望学校的发展部跟这没什么关系。
好啦，我已经把今天演讲的几个要点写了下来，下面就来介绍那些对我来说最有用的道理和态度。我并不认为它们对每个人而言都是完美的，但我认为它们之中有许多具有普遍价值，也有许多是“屡试不爽”的道理。
是哪些重要的道理帮助了我呢？我非常幸运，很小的时候就明白了这样一个道理：要得到你想要的某样东西，最可靠的办法是让你自己配得上它。这是一个十分简单的道理，是黄金法则。你们要学会己所不欲，勿施于人。在我看来，无论是对律师还是对其他人来说，这都是他们最应该有的精神。总的来说，拥有这种精神的人在生活中能够赢得许多东西，他们赢得的不止是金钱和名誉。还赢得尊敬，理所当然地赢得与他们打交道的人的信任。能够赢得别人的信任是非常快乐的事情。
我很小就明白的第二个道理是，正确的爱应该以仰慕为基础，而且我们应该去爱那些对我们有教育意义的先贤。我懂得这个道理且一辈子都在实践它。
另外一个道理——这个道理可能会让你们想起孔子——获得智慧是一种道德责任，它不仅仅是为了让你们的生活变得更加美好。有一个相关的道理非常重要，那就是你们必须坚持终身学习。如果不终身学习，你们将不会取得很高的成就。光靠已有的知识，你们在生活中走不了多远。离开这里以后，你们还得继续学习，这样才能在生活中走得更远。
就以世界上最受尊敬的公司伯克希尔•哈撒韦来说，它的长期大额投资业绩可能是人类有史以来最出色的。让伯克希尔在这一个十年中赚到许多钱的方法，在下一个十年未必还能那么管用，所以沃伦•巴菲特不得不成为一部不断学习的机器。我不断地看到有些人在生活中越过越好，他们不是最聪明的，甚至不是最勤奋的，但他们是学习机器，他们每天夜里睡觉时都比那天早晨聪明一点点。孩子们，这种习惯对你们很有帮助，特别是在你们还有很长的路要走的时候。
阿尔弗雷德•诺斯•怀特海曾经说过一句很正确的话，他说只有当人类“发明了发明的方法”之后，人类社会才能快速地发展。人类社会在几百年前才出现了大发展，在那之前，每个世纪的发展几乎等于零。人类社会只有发明了发明的方法之后才能发展，同样的道理，你们只有学习了学习的方法之后才能进步。
我非常幸运。我读法学院之前就已经学会了学习的方法。在我这漫长的一生中，没有什么比持续学习对我的帮助更大。再拿沃伦•巴菲特来说，如果你们拿着计时器观察他，会发现他醒着的时候有一半时间是在看书。他把剩下的时间大部分用来跟一些非常有才干的人进行一对一的交谈，有时候是打电话，有时候是当面，那些都是他信任且信任他的人。仔细观察的话，沃伦很像个学究，虽然他在世俗生活中非常成功。
所以我这辈子不断地实践跨学科的方法。这种习惯帮了我很多忙，它让生活更有乐趣，让我能做更多的事情，让我变得更有建设性，让我变得非常富有，而这无法用天分来解释。我的思维习惯只要得到正确的实践，真的很有帮助。
我想进一步解释为什么人们必须拥有跨科学的心态，才能高效而成熟地生活。在这里，我想引用古代最伟大的律师马尔库斯•图鲁斯•西塞罗的一个重要思想。西塞罗有句话很着名，他说，如果一个人不知道他出生之前发生过什么事情，在生活中就会像一个无知的孩童。这个道理非常正确，西塞罗正确地嘲笑了那些愚蠢得对历史一无所知的人。但如果你们将西塞罗这句话推而广之——我认为你们应该这么做——除了历史之外，还有许多东西是人们必须了解的。所谓的许多东西就是所有学科的重要思想。但如果你对一种知识死记硬背，以便能在考试中取得好成绩，这种知识对你们不会有太大的帮助。你们必须掌握许多知识，让它们在你们的头脑中形成一个思维框架，在随后的日子里能自动地运用它们。如果你们能够做到这一点，我郑重地向你们保证，总有一天你们会在不知不觉中意识到：“我已经成为我的同龄人中最有效率的人之一”。与之相反，如果不努力去实践这种跨科学的方法，你们中的许多最聪明的人只会取得中等成就，甚至生活在阴影中。
我发现的另外一个道理蕴含在麦卡弗雷院长刚才讲过的故事中，故事里的乡下人说：“要知道我会死在哪里就好啦，我将永远不去那个地方。”这乡下人说的话虽然听起来很荒唐，却蕴含着一个深刻的道理。对于复杂的适应系统以及人类的大脑而言，如果采用逆向思考，问题往往会变得更容易解决。
让我现在就来使用一点逆向思考。什么会让我们在生活中失败呢？我们应该避免什么呢？有些答案很简单，例如，懒惰和言而无信会让我们在生活中失败。如果你们言而无信，就算有再多的优点，也无法避免悲惨的下场。所以你们应该养成言出必行的习惯，懒惰和言而无信是显然要避免的。另外要避免的是极端的意识形态，因为它会让人们丧失理智。你们看到电视上有许多非常糟糕的宗教布道者，他们对神学中的细枝末节持有不相同、强烈的、前后矛盾的神学观点，偏偏又非常固执，我看他们中有许多人的脑袋已经萎缩成卷心菜了(听众大笑)。政治意识形态的情况也一样。年轻人特别容易陷入强烈而愚蠢的意识形态中，而且永远走不出来。当你们宣布你们是某个类似邪教团体的忠实成员，并开始倡导该团体的正统意识形态时，你们所做的就是将这种意识形态不断地往自己的头脑里塞。这样你们的头脑就会坏掉，而且有时候是以惊人的速度坏掉。所以你们要非常小心地提防强烈的意识形态，它对你们的宝贵头脑是极大的危险。
我有一条“铁律”，它帮助我在偏向于支持某种强烈的意识形态时保持清醒。我觉得我没资格拥有一种观点，除非我能比我的对手更好地反驳我的立场。我认为我只有在达到这个境界时才有资格发表意见。这种别陷入极端意识形态的方法在生活中是非常非常重要的，如果你们想要成为明智的人，严重的意识形态很有可能会导致事与愿违。
有一种叫做“自我服务偏好”的心理因素也经常导致人们做傻事，它往往是潜意识的，所有人都难免受其影响。你们认为“自我”有资格去做它想做的事情，例如，透支收入来满足它的需求，那有什么不好呢？嗯，从前有一个人，他是全世界最着名的作曲家，可是他大部分时间过得非常悲惨，原因之一就是他总是透支他的收入。那位作曲家叫做莫扎特。连莫扎特都无法摆脱这种愚蠢行为的毒害，我觉得你们更不应该去尝试它(听众大笑)。
总的来说，嫉妒、怨憎、仇恨和自怜都是灾难性的思想状态。过度自怜可以让人近乎偏执，偏执是最难逆转的东西之一，你们不要陷入自怜的情绪中。我有个朋友，他随身携带一叠厚厚的卡片，每当有人说了自怜的话，他就会慢慢地、夸张地掏出那一叠卡片，将最上面那张交给说话的人。卡片上写着“你的故事让我很感动，我从来没有听过有人像你这么倒霉。”你们也许认为这是开玩笑，但我认为这是精神卫生。每当你们发现自己产生了自怜的情绪，不管是什么原因，哪怕由于自己的孩子患上癌症即将死去，你们也要想到，自怜是于事无补的。这样的时候，你们要送给自己一张我朋友的卡片。自怜总是会产生负面影响，它是一种错误的思维方式。如果你们能够避开它，你们的优势就远远大于其他人，或者几乎所有的人，因为自怜是一种标准的反应。你们可以通过训练来摆脱它。
你们当然也要在自己的思维习惯中消除自我服务的偏好，别以为对你们有利的就是对整个社会有利的，也别根据这种自我中心的潜意识倾向来为你们愚蠢或邪恶的行为辩解，那是一种可怕的思考方式。你们要让自己摆脱这种心理，因为你们想成为智者而不是傻瓜，想做好人而不是坏蛋。你们必须在自己的认知行动中允许别人拥有自我服务的偏好，因为大多数人无法非常成功地清除这种心理，人性就是这样。如果你们不能容忍别人在行动中表现出自我服务的偏好，那么你们又是傻瓜。
所罗门兄弟公司的法律顾问曾经做过《哈佛法学评论》的学生编辑，是个聪明而高尚的人，但我亲眼看到他毁掉了自己的前途。当时那位能干的CEO说有位下属做错了事，总顾问说：“哦，我们在法律上没有责任汇报这件事，但我认为那是我们应该做的，那是我们的道德责任。”从法律和道德上来讲，总顾问是正确的，但他的方法却是错误的。他建议日理万机的CEO去做一件令人不愉快的事情，而CEO总是把这件事一推再推，因为他很忙嘛，完全可以理解，他并不是故意要犯错。后来呢，主管部门责怪他们没有及时通报情况，所以CEO和总顾问都完蛋了。
遇到这种情况，正确的说服技巧是本杰明•富兰克林指出的那种，他说：“如果你想要说服别人，要诉诸利益，而非诉诸理性。”人类自我服务的偏好是极其强大的，应该被用来获得正确的结果。所以总顾问应该说：“喂，如果这种情况再持续下去，会毁掉你的，会让你身败名裂，家破人亡。我的建议能够让你免于陷入万劫不复之地。”这种方法会生效的。你们应该多多诉诸利益，而不是理性，即使是当你们的动机很高尚的时候。
另外一种应该避免的事情是受到变态的激励机制的驱动。你们不要处在一个你们表现得越愚蠢或者越糟糕，它就提供越多回报的变态激励系统之中，变态的激励机制具有控制人类行为的强大力量，人们应该避免受它影响。你们将来会发现，有些律师事务所规定的工作时间特别长，至少有几家现代律师事务所是这样的。如果每年要工作2,400个小时，我就没法活了，那会给我带来许多问题，我不会接受这种条件。我没有办法对付你们中的某些人将会面对的这种局面，你们将不得不自行摸索如何处理这些重要的问题。
变态的工作关系也是应该避免的，你们要特别避免在你们不崇敬或者不想像他一样的人手下干活，那是很危险的。所有人在某种程度上都受到权威人物的控制，尤其是那些为我们提供回报的权威人物。要正确地应对这种危险，必须同时拥有才华和决心。在我年轻的时候，我的办法是找出我尊敬的人，然后想办法调到他手下去，但是别批评任何人，这样我通常能够在好领导手下工作。许多律师事务所是允许这么做的，只要你们足够聪明，能做得很得体。总之，在你们正确地仰慕的人手下工作，在生活中取得的成就将会更加令人满意。
养成一些让你能保持客观公正的习惯当然对认知非常有帮助。我们都记得达尔文特别留意相反的证据，尤其是他证伪的是某种他信奉和热爱的理论时。如果你们想要在思考的时候尽量少犯错误，就需要这样的习惯。人们还需要养成核对检查清单的习惯，核对检查清单能避免很多错误，不仅仅对飞行员来说是如此。你们不应该光是掌握广泛的基础知识，而是应该把它们在头脑中列成一张清单，然后再加以使用。没有其他方法能取得相同的效果。
另外一个我认为很重要的道理就是，将不平等最大化通常能够收到奇效。这句话是什么意思呢？加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）的约翰-伍登（JohnWooden）提供了一个示范性的例子。伍登曾经是世界上最优秀的篮球教练。他对五个水平较低的球员说：“你们不会得到上场的时间——你们是陪练。”比赛几乎都是那七个水平较高的球员在打的。嗯，这七个水平高的球员学到了更多——别忘了学习机器的重要性——因为他们独享了所有的比赛时间。在他采用非平等主义的方法时，伍登比从前赢得了更多的比赛。我认为生活就像比赛也充满了竞争，我们要让那些最有能力和最愿意成为学习机器的人发挥最大的作用。如果你们想要获得非常高的成就，你们就必须成为那样的人。你们不希望在50个轮流做手术的医生中抓阄抽一个来给你们的孩子做脑外科手术。你们不希望你们的飞机是以一种太过平等主义的方式设计出来的。你们也不希望你们的伯克希尔-哈撒韦采用这样的管理方式。你们想要让最好的球员打很长时间的比赛。
我经常讲一个有关马克斯-普朗克的笑话。普朗克获得诺贝尔奖之后，到德国各地作演讲，每次讲的内容大同小异，都是关于新的量子物理理论的，时间一久，他的司机记住了讲座的内容。司机说：“普朗克教授，我们老这样也挺无聊的，不如这样吧，到慕尼黑让我来讲，你戴着我的司机帽子坐在前排，你说呢？”普朗克说：“好啊。”于是司机走上讲台，就量子物理发表了一通长篇大论。后来有个物理学教授站起来，提了一个非常难的问题。演讲者说：“哇，我真没想到，我会在慕尼黑这么先进的城市遇到这么简单的问题。我想请我的司机来回答。”（听众大笑）好啦，我讲这个故事呢，并不是为了表扬主角很机敏。我认为这个世界的知识可以分为两种：一种是普朗克知识，它属于那种真正懂的人，他们付出了努力，他们拥有那种能力；另外一种是司机知识——他们掌握了鹦鹉学舌的技巧；他们可能有漂亮的头发；他们的声音通常很动听；他们给人留下深刻的印象，但其实他们拥有的是伪装成真实知识的司机知识。我想我刚才实际上描绘了美国所有的政客。（听众鼓掌）如果你们在生活中想努力成为拥有普朗克知识的人，而避免成为拥有司机知识的人，你们将遇到这个问题。到时会有许多巨大的势力与你们作对。
另外一件我发现的事情是，如果你们真的想要在某个领域做得很出色，那么你们必须对它有强烈的兴趣。我可以强迫自己把许多事情做得相当好，但我无法将我没有强烈兴趣的事情做得非常出色。从某种程度上来讲，你们也跟我差不多。所以如果有机会的话，你们要想办法去做那些你们有强烈兴趣的事情。
还有就是，你们一定要非常勤奋才行。我非常喜欢勤奋的人。我这辈子遇到的合伙人都极其勤奋。我想我之所以能够和他们合伙，部分原因在于我努力做到配得起他们，部分原因在于我很精明地选择了他们，还有部分原因是我运气好。我早期的生意上曾经有过两位合伙人，他们俩在大萧条期间合资成立了一家建筑设计施工公司，达成了很简单的协议。“这是个两个人的合伙公司。”他们说，“一切平分。如果我们没有完成对客户的承诺，我们俩要每天工作14个小时，每星期工作7天，直到完成为止。”不用说你们也知道啦，这家公司做得很成功。我那两位合伙人广受尊敬。他们这种简单的老派观念几乎肯定能够提供一个很好的结果。
另外一个你们要应付的问题是，你们在生活中可能会遭到沉重的打击，不公平的打击。有些人能挺过去，有些人不能。我认为爱比克泰德（Epictetus）的态度能够引导人们作出正确的反应。他认为生活中的每一次不幸，无论多么倒霉，都是一个锻炼的机会。他认为每一次不幸都是吸取教训的良机。人们不应该在自怜中沉沦，而是应该利用每次打击来提高自我。他的观点是非常正确的，影响了最优秀的罗马帝国皇帝马库斯-奥勒留（Marcus Aurelius），以及随后许多个世纪里许许多多其他的人。你们也许记得爱比克泰德自拟的墓志铭：“此处埋着爱比克泰德，一个奴隶，身体残疾，极端穷困，蒙受诸神的恩宠。”嗯，现在爱比克泰德就是这样被铭记的：“蒙受诸神的恩宠。”说他蒙受恩宠，是因为他变成智者，变成顶天立地的男子汉，而且教育了其他人，包括他那个时代和随后许多世纪的人。
好啦，在毕业典礼上讲这么多已经够啦。我希望这些老人的废话对你们来说是有用的。最后，我想用《天路历程》中那位真理剑客年老之后唯一可能说出的话来结束这次演讲：“我的剑传给能挥舞它的人。”（听众鼓掌。）
第五篇：马云在清华经管学院毕业典礼上的演讲
清华经管学院顾问委员会委员、阿里巴巴集团主席马云
在清华经管学院2014毕业典礼上的演讲全文
2014年6月29日
各位老师，各位同学，大家好！
特别荣幸能够来参加这个毕业典礼。坐在下面我有点莫名其妙的感动，我突然记不得我的毕业典礼是怎么个情况。但从看风水和面相来看，我坐在下面一看，不得了，今天走过的人里面有很多人将来会成为中国政治、经济、文化中的灿烂明星。好好把握这个机会，要相信我看人的眼光。
刚才“马总”讲的我特别同意，今天很多人都不满意头上那顶帽子，没有一顶帽子是适合你的。因为这个帽子是学校给你的。我毕业26年，已经把自己的帽子拿掉了，没有一顶帽子是适合我的。也许在座的各位也一样，每一天在探求适合自己的那顶帽子，打造适合自己的帽子。
首先恭喜大家，祝福大家。这是中国最了不起的一所大学之一，尽管在我心里面，中国最好的大学是杭州师范大学。学校的知识总是不够用，但是社会上的知识是取之不尽的。杭师大给我的是学习的能力，获取知识的能力。清华很好，但是清华教的知识永远是不够用的，而你们今天所得到这个能力是取得知识的能力。我看到今天那么多阳光灿烂的笑脸，30年后不忘初心，依旧是这样的笑脸，这才是成功。
我今天在这谈一下我的感受和体验。高考我并不算很成功，考了几年，我数学第一年是1分那是真的，第二年考19分，第三年考了89分，但我从来没放弃过。我给大家一个提醒，一个建议，提醒是今天你们获得中国最荣誉的毕业证书，但是那只是一张纸，只证明这四年、六年或者八年，你父母为你付了很多的学费。这是一张学费的通知单而已，告诉你付了那么多学费，花了那么多时间做了很多的模拟考，但这仅仅是模拟考而已。我也给大家一个建议，如果你们毕业于清华大学，请大家用欣赏眼光看看杭师大的同学，如果你毕业于杭师大，请用欣赏的眼光看看自己，因为这社会上永远充满变化，永远充满着各种奇迹。
人生最后不管今天多么成功，你最后死的时候才能够看见你到底赢了还是亏了。所以我觉得我们刚刚开始起步。我也相信今天毕业以后，在座很多人都很担心，各种各样的担心，担心我是学经管的，毕业以后能当老板吗？能找到一个好老板吗？能够找到好公司吗？其实这些担心都有，每天都有。我刚创业的时候天天担心能不能活下来，到后来我担心这个公司会不会长大，到今天长大了我担心它会倒下，现在的担心比以前多多了。我们每时每刻处于这份担心中。担心很正常，不担心才不正常。所以我想给大家的建议，也是真实的感受：这30年来，我天天在担心，但是我只是担心自己不够努力，我担心自己没看清楚灾难，我担心自己没把握好机遇。但有一点不用担心，你们一定会遇到眼泪、冤枉、委屈、倒霉等各种事件，一定会碰上，这个不用担心，你碰到这个，就应早知道会来的。
这是一个纠结的时代。在座所有的人今天毕业于一个纠结的时代。这个时代看起来充满着怀疑，充满着各种的不信任。学校的老师对学生不信任，学生对老师不信任，媒体对大众
不信任，大众对媒体不信任，甚至有各种的担忧，老百姓对政府也有各种的不信任。这世界看起来缺乏各种各样的机会，但这世界看起来又有各种各样的机会。这世界看起来年轻人似乎是可以无所不能，什么事情都可以做，但看起来年轻人什么事情又都做不了。所以我觉得这是一个纠结的时代，很恭喜大家来到了一个很了不起的纠结时代，因为纠结是一种变革，因为我们正在进入一个变革非常快速的时代。如果没有变革就不会有阿里巴巴的今天，阿里巴巴、马云有今天就是因为之前30年中国的变革。
但是我想跟大家讲我心里的感受，未来30年中国的变革会更大，机会更大。从我这个行业来讲，世界正从IT（信息技术）在走向DT（数据技术）。这两个字的差异背后，是思想、文化、社会方方面面都发生很大的差异。绝大部分的人今天站在IT的角度看待世界。什么是IT？IT是以我为主，方便我管理。而DT则是以别人为主，强化别人，支持别人，DT思想是只有别人成功，你才会成功。这是一个巨大的思想转变，由这个思想转变产生技术的转变。所以，我想跟大家讲，所有变革的时代都是年轻人的时代。当然，麻烦也会更多，但今天我看到那么多人以后，我在想70%、80%要成为阿里巴巴的员工就好了，我就不用那么担心了，真的。未来30年我想跟随大家，你们会改变这个世界，你们会把握这个机会。纠结、变革都是年轻人的机遇，也是这个时代的机遇。
不管你怎么看，我们经常说生意越来越难做。其实生意从来就没有好做的。年轻人纠结今天IT行业都由阿里巴巴、腾讯、百度搞去了。我们刚出来时也觉得机会给IBM、思科、微软拿走了。但是，你要相信，30年以后的中国企业一定比今天好，一定比今天大，30年后富人一定比今天多，30年以后的文化一定比今天丰富多彩，30年以后的年轻人一定超越我们。这就是世界的变化。我爷爷说我爸不如他，我爸说我不如他。我觉得我爸比我爷爷厉害，我比我爸厉害，你们会比我们厉害。
在变革的时代，我也特别想给大家分享一下我自己的经历，之前30年我是坚持三样东西，我也希望大家去反思和思考这三样对你是否有用，就是三个坚持。第一永远坚持理想主义，第二要坚持担当精神，第三要坚持乐观的正能量。
我相信未来，我相信别人超过自己。其实在阿里巴巴，我数学不好，管理也没学过，会计也不懂，连预算报表、财务报表，到今天为止，我也看不懂。这是真话，我并没有觉得这是丢人的。承认自己不懂并不丢人，不懂装懂很丢人。我到今天为止没到淘宝上购过一件物，我没用过支付宝，因为我不知道该怎么用。但我耳朵竖起来，我老是在听支付宝到底好还是不好。因为如果我用多了，就会捍卫自己的产品。但是我不用，我永远担忧自己，因为只有担忧，让我晚上睡不着觉，只有我睡不着觉，公司才睡得着觉。我们看了《中国合伙人》，这个电影很好，但是这个电影有很大的问题，男主人公老哭。其实创业者是不哭的，是让别人哭。所以我们永远相信未来，相信年轻人，相信别人，我如果不相信别人，阿里巴巴的程序写不出来；我不相信别人，今天市场不会做得这么大。我只是告诉大家什么是我们要坚持的。
第二个要有担当精神。支付宝今天存在巨大的争议，其实在2004年准备做支付宝，做阿里金融的时候，我知道有一天会碰到这样的麻烦，我也纠结过。后来在达沃斯会议上听很多的政治家、企业家在谈论，什么是担当。你觉得是对的，对社会发展有利，你真相信，就勇敢地担当起来去做。我记得那次会议以后，我在达沃斯打电话给公司说，立刻、现在、马上去做，如果出问题我愿意去解决。去年年初，在阿里金融内部的会议上，我跟所有的同事讲，如果我们对中国金融改革有激活，有创新，如果基于这个，有人要付出代价，我来。我相信大家如果真的带着完善这个社会的希望，激活金融，服务实业，稳妥创新，我们一定越走越好，因为社会总会越来越清晰。
在今天的社会缺乏理想主义，缺乏担当的时候，更需要理想主义，更需要担当。不仅仅是你需要，不仅仅是社会需要，社会最缺的东西是最稀缺的资源，做那些别人不愿意做的、但最需要的事情，才有成就。有人说这个社会非常大，每天淘宝有几千万笔交易在进行，几千万人把自己的包裹送给一个完全不认识的人，交给不认识的快递员，辗转反复几千公里送给另外一个人，这是以前不可想象的。这是我们今天年轻人在以不同的方法，在以技术的方法表达“信任”真正存在。
第三个我希望大家坚持正能量，乐观地看待问题。我是犯过无数错误的人，今天阿里在前面15年内至少有100多次灭顶之灾，但都过来了。可以这么讲，今天再来一遍，我们今天的人比那时候的多，我们今天的人知识和能力比那时候强，但是重新再走一遍的话，我们一定走不出来。但是我们怎么走出来的？我们坚持乐观，我们相信这个世界你不成功有人会成功，我相信阿里巴巴、淘宝能做得出来的，一定有人也做得出来，我们相信有人花更多的时间在学习这些东西，只是看我们是否够运气。所以我后来给自己的座右铭，也是给所有年轻人，给我同事的座右铭：“今天很残酷，明天更残酷，后天很美好，但是绝大部分人死在明天晚上”。这就是残酷的生活。所以你今天必须很努力，才能面对明天的残酷，明天你必须很努力，才有可能看到后天的太阳。但是绝大部分人是看不到太阳的。你光努力还不够，还有运气，运气从哪里来？运气就是在自己好的时候多想想别人，自己不好的时候多检查检查自己。我相信会走过来。
今天我看到大家的微笑。这世界上最有力量的武器是用微笑化解所有的问题。我永远面带笑容，尽管我内伤很重。在中国这样的市场环境下诞生，阿里巴巴是一个偶然，也是一个必然。因为市场机制，因为一帮年轻人相信我，我们在市场上能够做出这样的东西来。在座的每一个人，你们都经历了无数的挑战。我跟公司同事讲，很多人说没有机会，我们从来就没赢过。我说，你赢过，在你出生之前，赢的是几亿颗精子和卵子赛跑出来的，来到这个世界，你就成功了。来到这个世界，你们又经过无数的考试进入了清华大学，获得了今天的毕业证书，你们已经有良好的起步，良好的机会，有很好的基础。但未必有基础的人都会赢，未必今天跑得快的人还是能走得很快。这世界就像足球一样，是圆的。我没有想过杭州师范大学的人可以当清华经管学院顾问委员会委员，感谢钱院长给我的信任。世界是圆的，所以大家记住，今天你最好，未必明天最好；今天你最差，社会给了你很多的机会，只要你把握，只要努力，总会有机会。
最后给大家一个建议：永远相信你的对手不在你边上，在你边上的都是你的榜样，哪怕这个人你特别讨厌。很多年以前我说，我用望远镜都没有找到过对手，人家说你好骄傲。其实他们没有听我下一句：我望远镜找的不是对手，找的是榜样。你的对手可能在以色列，可能在你不知道什么地方，他比你更用功。你今天获得了清华的毕业证书，不学习了，不读书了，因为你觉得我毕业于清华，而那个人毕业于杭师大。但他不断在学习，他不断在努力，不断在进取。所以这一点是我希望给大家讲的，战胜自己就是真正的英雄。
我想，我们人类今天共同面临巨大的挑战，就是知识和教育跟不上技术的发展。但这正
是我们的机会。哪里有抱怨，哪里就是机会。中国电子商务发展得这么好，跟阿里巴巴其实没什么关系，是中国原来经济的基础设施太差，我们相信了这件事情，走了十年而已。今天中国的电子商务超越了美国电子商务的总和，原因不是因为美国不努力，而是美国昨天的基础太好。美国没有互联网金融，是因为美国的金融环境实在太好，根本插不进去。中国的金融环境不太好，才给我们机会。所有昨天不好的事情都是你的机会，别人在抱怨的时候，才使你看到机会所在。
阿里有一样东西也是我想给大家分享的，我花30年走到今天，不是3年。我们明白一个道理，什么是战略，就是做未来最重要的事情。坚持理想，坚持正能量，坚持乐观，坚持脚踏实地。我们从来就没有做成过一件今天做明天成功的事情，或者今年做明年成功的事情。因为这样的机会永远轮不到我。今天，你们最大的资本是年轻。因为年轻，你可以花十年时间打败阿里巴巴，打败淘宝。如果你有这个想法，也许只要五年；但如果你希望明年就打败，那你可能一辈子都打败不了。
谢谢大家！
