第一篇：大学英语开头部分的写作

开头部分的写作

(1)开门见山，点明主题法。适合“自由发挥型”和“给定观点型”两种提纲式作文

如2002年专四作文“The Best Way to Stay Healthy”的开头段可以只有一句：The best way to stay healthy is to develop a good quality of psychology.练习：

Direction: With the rapid economic development, the average living standards of our country have greatly increased.Meanwhile, we are faced with a glaring social problem, the widening gap between the rich and the poor.What do you think of the gap in our country? Any solutions or suggestions?



In my perspective, the ever-growing contrast between the rich and the poor in China may give rise to lots of problems.

In my perspective, the best way to bridge the ever-growing gap between the rich and the poor in China is to improve the social security system/ raise the income level of the people with low income/ strengthen legal system building…

2)正反表态法。在开头一段中把正反观点都表达出来，最后一句写自己的观点。先用一两句介绍主题，再用一两句介绍正反两种观点或看法，接下来再表达自己的看法。这种写法比较适合“对比选择型”题目。

如1999年专四作文考题“A Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television”可以用正反表态法开篇。



Nowadays more and more advertisements are seen on TV every day.Some harbor the idea that advertising on TV can bring us a lot of benefits;other inpiduals, however, hold the different opinions.For my part, I am in favor of the former.练习：Where Would You Go after Graduation? Direction: After university study, some students struggle to go to super cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, while some choose to go back to their hometowns, maybe a provincial capital or a small town.Which do you think is better? Give reasons for your answer.

Nowadays, many students are faced with where to go after graduation.Some students choose to go to super cities for career development.Others, however, prefer to return to their hometowns.I hold the view that going back to my home city is a better choice.(3)让步法（也称为先抑后扬法），先把反方观点引出来，做一个肯定的评价，然后笔锋一转，回到自己的观点上来，比较适用于“对比选择型”题目。

如2004年专四考题“Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?”的开头可以采用让步法。



Nowadays young people choose to phone each other rather than write letters.Some are worried that letter writing will be useless in the future.Even so, I still maintain that letter writing will never be killed by phones, despite the fact that we have already stepped into the information age.练习: Degree and University Study Direction: Some people think to get a degree is the only important thing while studying in college.Do you agree with them or disagree? 

In our society, the most commonly recognized standard of a student’s academic achievement is degree.Consequently some people regard the degree as the only thing valuable while studying in college.Admittedly, the degree is essential for students who want a prosperous future, but it is by no means the only purpose at university.(4)背景法

即对一个现象进行分析时，先把这个现象事件的原因、发展、结果等背景信息介绍一下，然后再给出自己的看法。这种写法适合“给定观点型”和“自由发挥型”题目。

如2003年作文“The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood”



The modern society is characterized by rapid pace, and people in such a society have to cope with a lot of pressures from either outer world or inner will.The most difficult, but necessary thing for them is to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.练习：Travel has become part of our life.And more and more of us have come to know the significance of travel through our own experience.Write a composition on the following topic “Travel Broadens the Mind”



With the rapid improvement of our living standards, more and more people can afford travels at home or even abroad.As a matter of fact, travel has become part of our life.Speaking from my own experience, travel broadens my mind significantly.（5）提问式

先把话题以问句形式提出，然后通过回答问题表达自己的观点。该方法比较适用于“对比选择型”题目。

如作文“ Does Personality Decide Destiny?”的范文的开头一段：

 Personality and destiny is a permanent topic of discussion.Does personality decide destiny? In my perspective, I’m more a supporter than an opponent to it.练习：Is Money All-Powerful?  “Is money all-powerful?” if someone asks me such a question, my answer is always the same: Money is by no means all-powerful.(6).改写、扩写指令法

*红色字体部分背诵。

第二篇：求职信开头部分写作

开头部分

包括称呼与引言。称呼一般是姓加职衔或官衔。大部分既有职衔又有官衔，一般以其高者尊者称呼。例如，当招聘者既是博士、副教授又是人事处处长时，那么此时称博士也许效果好些。因为人事处处长中是博士的非常少，且一般人称处长多，而你称其为博士既有新鲜感又表明你对他了解。无意之中，他对你的印象就更深些。

引言的作用有二。一是吸引招聘人看完你的材料，二是引导对方自然而然进入你所突出的正题而不感到突然，因此应下功夫把开头写好。开头的形式多种多样，下面列举几种以供参考。

(1)概述性开头：用一两句话概括你具备的最重要的求职资格和工作能力，并简要说明这些资格和能力如何能最好地满足目标工作的需要。

(2)赞扬式开头：赞扬目标单位近期取得的显著成就或发生的重要变化，然后表明你渴望为其效力。

(3)个性化开头：从你与求职目标有关的兴趣、看法与体会或从你目前的状况说起，谈自己为什么想到该用人单位工作。

(4)独创性开头：如果你申请的目标工作需要创造性的想像力，可以用一个新奇的、能表现这方面才华的句子开头。

(5)志愿性开头：表明你的理想和抱负，把目标单位称作你的用武之地，决心为之奋斗，为之奉献。

(6)提问式开头：针对目标单位的困难、需要和目标提出自己的认识和建议，然后表明你真诚地希望能帮助他们克服困难，满足需要，实现目标。先设问，再回答，表明你对局势的关注和愿意同舟共济的决心。

(7)汇报性开头：把对方视为尊敬的领导或专家，以谦虚求教的态度向其汇报自己的情况和求职动机，请求指点和当面赐教。

第三篇：英语写作开头

一、引出开头

1：It is well-known to us that……(我们都知道……)==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …(就我所知…)

2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus.==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……(最近……问题引起了关注)

3：Nowadays(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.(现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题)

二、表达不同观点

1：People's views on……vary from person to person.Some hold that……However, others believe that……(人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……)

2：People may have different opinions on……(人们对……可能会持有不同见解)

3：Attitudes towards(drugs)vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards(failure)(人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异)

4:There are different opinions among people as to……(对于……人们的观点大不相同)

三、表示结尾

1：In short, it can be said that……(总之，他的意思是……)

2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……(从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……)

3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……(把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……)

4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……(因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……)

四、提出建议

1：It is high time that we put an end to the(trend).(该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了)

2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……(毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视)

3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……(显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……)

4：Only in this way can we ……(只有这样，我们才能……)

5：Spare no effort to + V(不遗余力的)

五、预示后果

1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.(很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险)

2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……(毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……)

3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation(很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展)

六、表示论证

1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)

2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……(我无法完全同意这一观点)

3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……(就我来说……)

4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced(that)子句.(我真诚地相信……)

七、给出原因

1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子(...的原因是...)

2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First,…….Second,…….Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……

3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……

4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。

八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法

1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……

2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……

3;It is obvious that……很显然……

4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着……

九、表示好处和坏处

1：It has the following advantages.它有如下优势

2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处

3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处

十、表示重要、方便、可能

1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做……是……

2：It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施

1：We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施

2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难

3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……

4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难

十二、显示变化

1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化

2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化

3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…

4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15%

十三、表明事实现状

1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……

2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……

3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.4:be closely related to ~~(与...息息相关)

十四、进行比较

1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……

2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV.十五、常用英语谚语

1：Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩

2：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子

3：All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马

4：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半

第四篇：英语写作三段式开头

英语四级作文万能句

（一）段首句

1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____.Some people suggest that ____.2.俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying that______.It“s the experience of our forefathers;however，it is correct in many cases even today.3.现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First, ____ Second,____.What makes things worse is that______.4.现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。

Nowadays，it is common to ______.Many people like ______ because ______.Besides，______.5.任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception, It has both advantages and disadvantages.6.关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______.To them,_____.7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题, 即……，这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem，that is,______ , which is becoming more and more serious.8.……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。

______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______.Obviously，______，but why?

（二）中间段落句

1.相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。

On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.2.但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。

But I don”t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.3.……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……______is necessary and important to our country“s development and construction.First，______.What”s more, _____.Most important ly,______.4.有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。

There are several measures for us to adopt.First, we can______

5.面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______.For one thing，______For another，______

6.早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。

It is high time that something was done about it.For example._____.In addition._____.All these measures will certainly______.7.为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……

Why______? The first reason is that 接句子______.The second reason is _接名词_____.The third is __名词____.For all this, the main cause of ______is due to ______.8.然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。

However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______.9.尽管如此，我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.10.完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下：

I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.（三）结尾句

1.至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.I think that ____.2.总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。

In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can we ______in the future.3.但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）……

But ______and ______have their own advantages.For example, _____, while_____.Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.4.就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……

Personally, I believe that_____.Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.5.随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。

With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.6.至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……

For my part, I think it reasonable to_____.Only in this way can you _____.7.对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同样重要的是……In my opinion, I think it necessary to____.The reasons are as follows.First _____.Second ______.Last but not least,______.8.在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______.However, from a personal point of view I find______.9.综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论……

From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.10.如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是……

If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.观点看法类型

2008年6月大学英语四级考试真题

Recreational Activities

1.娱乐活动多种多样

2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性

3.作为大学生，我的看法。

2006年12月英语四级作文

The CCTV Spring Festival Gala

１．许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会

２．但有些人提出取消春节晚会．

３．我的看法．

2011年6月大学英语四级真题

Online Shopping

1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚

2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题

3．我的建议

问题解决型

2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案详解

How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?

1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切

2.为了让孩子独立, 父母应该……

2000年1月CET作文题目

How I Finance My College Education

1.上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多种途径解决

2.哪种途径适合于我（说明理由）

分析问题型

2012年6月

On Excessive Packaging

1.许多商品都存在过度包装的现象

2.出现这种现象的原因及其带来的后果

3.为了改变这种状况，我认为……

2010年6月英语四级考试真题

Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling

1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写

2.出现这种情况的原因

3.为了改变这种状况，我认为…

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案

1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？

2.也会带来一些问题

3.你的看法？

2008年12月大学英语四级考试真题

Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bag

1.一次性塑料袋的使用

2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题

3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义

举例论证型

2011年12月

Where There Is a Will There Is a Way

1．坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。

2．意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命，3．学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才用。

第五篇：英语写作开头万能公式

开头万能公式：

1． 开头万能公式一：名人名言

有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！

原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是8，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？

经典句型：

A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（适用于已记住的名言）

It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）

更多经典句型：

As everyone knows, No one can deny that…

2． 开头万能公式二：数字统计

原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。

原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：

According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： 余下精彩内容回复可见~

Honesty

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。

Travel by Bike

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。Youth

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?

根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

更多句型：

A recent statistics shows that …

写作绝招

结尾万能公式：

1． 结尾万能公式一：如此结论

说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子： Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！

更多过渡短语：

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型：

Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…

2． 结尾万能公式二：如此建议

如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？

更多句型：

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.写作绝招

写作的“七项基本原则”：

一、长 短 句原则

工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：

As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！

强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、主 题 句原则

国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！

特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一 二 三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）

2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）

3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）

4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）

5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）

6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）

7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）

8）most important of all, moreover, finally

9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）

10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）

建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！

四、短语优先原则

写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其

一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其

二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：

I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则

原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：

走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room

小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room

小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room

老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room

所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！

六、多变句式原则

1）加法（串联）

都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：

I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：

Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短语可以用：

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2）转折（拐弯抹角）

批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短语：

despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3）因果（so, so, so）

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友…可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！

The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短语：

then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）

有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。

举例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：

When to go, Why he goes away…

5）附加（多此一举）

如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

6）排比（排山倒海句）

文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（气势恢宏）

要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！

七、挑战极限原则

既然十挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！

原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.1.inpiduals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)

2: positive, favorable, rosy(美好的)，promising

(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill(有害的)替换bad

如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换

eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms.When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

Eg.Many inpiduals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some

6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that,hold the view that, it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged that)替think

(因为是书面语，所以要加that)

7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing

8: shared 代 common

9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits)

10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion

11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more(注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.popular with the advancement of sth.12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly

13..beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer

15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very

16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable...替换 unnecessary, avoidable

17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb.be interested in

18.capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect

20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear

21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.22.There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth

23.desire 替换want.24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to

25.bear in mind that 替换remember

26.enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)

27.interaction替换communication

28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth

29.to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance

30.next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible