第一篇：雅思

It is generally acknowledged that the relationship among family members is now not as close as it used to be.Give possible reasons and your recommendation.With the advent of new era, family relationship seems do not get as much attention from family members as it did in the past.What factors lead to this phenomenon and what we can do to solve this problem has become a concern to many people.In my view, the following reasons should be taken into consideration.The causes are multiple.In the first place, people nowadays are living with heavy stress from all the directions.Worse still, instead of sharing happiness and sorrow with families, people prefer to turn to alcohol or gambling to get spiritual consolation.In the second place, the high proportion of time spent surfing the internet leads them neglect their mutual feelings, thereby increasing the chances of being isolated and lonely.In addition, due to the overcrowded downtown and accessible transport, people are more likely to live in outskirts which are far away from their relatives’ houses;therefore, posing a threat to reinforce the family bond.Given the severity of this phenomenon, we have no alternative but to take immediate steps to address this situation.First of all, people should be encouraged to communicate with families more frequently, especially through face-to-face talk.Only in this way can our people bridge the generation gap and remove the misunderstandings.Second, it is necessary for the families to get together regularly, not only in the forms of family dinner, but also those kinds of outdoor activities.If so, the whole family can benefit.Last but not least, it is our authorities’ obligation to offer family classes aiming to strengthen the relationships of family members, such as how to deal with the family conflicts and how to balance mutual needs.In short, this disturbing problem is attributed to many factors and I believe with the joint efforts from inpiduals and the government, it can be eventually resolved.

第二篇：雅思

雅思考试介绍：备考流程

有不少烤鸭在介绍自己的备考经验时号称自己只准备半个月甚至一周，那不是不可能，但是那些人本身英语底子就不错，再加上看看机经，通过短期复习拿到高分也很正常，但是这些人毕竟是少数，而备考半年甚至一年履战履败的大有人在。千万别相信培训机构的保分承诺，纯粹胡扯。所以对于一个菜鸟而言，如果想踏踏实实从基础开始抓起雅思备考至少需要4个月的时间。

Step1：重中之重------词汇、语法

根据本人在论坛混迹多年的经验发现许多考生普遍觉得雅思考试难就难在时间不够，作文来不及写，阅读来不及做，而听力和口语方面因为有无忧雅思机经和预测的帮助，对这两项考试应该还是很有信心的。阅读来不及做题主要体现在：碰到难词卡住了以致于不能快速阅读原文，碰到复杂句难以理解以致于不能快速定位。这些都影响了考生在阅读考试中做题速度。对于基础环节比较差的考生而言，在培训班中所学到的雅思技巧恰恰又成为了这些考生的绊脚石，如果连快速阅读都成了问题，又怎么能指望通过那些复杂而又混沌的雅思技巧来取得高分呢？这些技巧都是英语好的人后来才总结出来的，而且这些技巧在各大雅思学校向来没有统一的说法，并不适合基础差的学生。所以，词汇和语法才是备考雅思这种能力型考试的重中之重。

其实语法在高中老师就已经教的很透彻了，但是进入大学以后相信也没有几个人再认真看过这些语法，其实雅思考试中的对语法的要求并不高于在高中所学的语法水平，所以备考雅思的首要阶段是把高中的语法再温习一边，市面上语法书不少，《薄冰语法》写的很不错，但是我觉得太多了，认真看完至少半个月时间，最好是买本中学的语法书，简单明了。市面上有一本由亚历山大撰写，薄冰翻译的《朗文语法》也不错，在复习语法方面我的观点是例句重于理论，也就是理论方面可以大致看看，语法书上的例句一定要反复体会。另外《雅思阅读长句难句闯关》也值得推荐。

词汇方面也多次强调过，雅思并没有公布过大纲词汇，对外透露的真题也很少，你们看一下机经就知道了雅思官方在市面上公开的真题只占了机经题库的一小部分，因为雅思的真题原文不可能完全破解，真题词汇也就无法统计，所以雅思考试并无真正意义上的核心词汇、高频词汇、高分词汇等说法。市面上的雅思词汇书均是撰写者自己对雅思词汇的总结，且市面上大部分的雅思词汇书都是根据46级词汇和机经上的生词总结。但是从雅思官方对外公开出版的《剑桥雅思》系列，《雅思透析》系列、《如何准备雅思》、《雅思样题》等书中不难发现，不管是听力阅读还是写作，其原文中所运用的到单词中，46级词汇占了95%，所以个人一直推荐《星火46级》来当作备考雅思的最佳词汇书，学有余力的考生甚至可以把《星火考研词汇》背了，与46级相比也就再差1000个单词而已，另外新东方的网络课堂《赵丽速记》也可以帮助你快速有效的掌握大学词汇。如果你已经通过大学英语46级考试，完全可以不去背雅思词汇，直接跳到Step2来准备。

Step 2：不要忙着做题，先听写

雅思考试以英音为主，以英音为主的听写材料是BBC，新概念英音版(就是最新版)，还有就是剑桥出版的真题系列。BBC、新概念虽然不错，但是BBC中的用词太过于正式，不贴近生活，雅思考试的题材恰恰与生活学习有关，历史政治题材很少考到，就算考到也不会想BBC那么正式；新概念句式过于复杂，要想听写完也是很受罪的事情，只适合背诵以提高写作，所以对于雅思考生而言最好的听写素材非雅思真题原文莫属。市面上的剑桥出版的雅思真题有：《剑桥雅思12345》、《雅思透析1、2》、《如何准备雅思》、《雅思样题1、2》等等，另外澳方IDP出版的《101》《202》《404》也是很好的听写素材。做过真题的人应该知道每个Version分4Section,Section1-Section4的难度依次递增，Section1、Section2、Section3以对话形式出现，都较为简单，考生普遍能跟上，而Section 4则偏难，Section4的10题都作对的人很少。所以如果你想快速突破听力，只听写每个Version的Section4可视为捷径，至于到底要听写多少Section4以个人承受能力而定，但是个人觉得听写完8个Section是最低底线。你可以用Sitaman PC复读机这个软件一句句听写甚至一个短语一个短语的听写，但是不管你怎么听写都不要事先看原文，实在听写不下来再试着偷看一眼。

Step 3：配合雅思技巧演练剑桥真题，但是只做听力和阅读

市面上的真题在上文中已经提到，在这里就不多说了，如果你??了解可以去参加培训班，但是切忌不要急于爽快交钱，先试着听一节课试试，体验一下老师的教学效果，确定了到底是哪些老师授课以后再交钱。在刚开始做阅读时可以不计时间，先保证做题质量，等掌握规律后再注意计时。另外，每次做完一套阅读，不要急于做下一套，要记得作总结，最好做完一套阅读就把原文再精读，确定原文完全看懂之后在做下一套阅读。听力也是，每做完一个Version都要善于总结，了解错在哪里，在做下一套听力时加以留意。

Step 4：背诵范文和套句。

在论坛的搜索栏随便搜搜就能放出很多经典范文和套句来，《写作机经》上也有不少套句和范文值得背诵，另外新概念34和新东方的《现代文背诵篇章》也是很好的背诵范文。不管背哪些，背诵20篇足够了。

雅思（International English Language Testing System，简称IELTS）是由英国文化委员会（The British Council）、剑桥大学地方考试委员会（CUCLES）和澳大利亚教育国际开发署（IDP Education Australia）共同举办的国际英语水平测试。此项考试是为申请赴英联邦国家（英国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰等）留学、培训的非英语国家学生而设，用来评定考生运用英语的能力。现在许多英联邦国家对申请本国技术移民的人士也采用这项考试，作为申请人英语能力达标的认证。

雅思考试包括四个部分，依次为听力、阅读、写作和口语，考试时间共2小时45分钟。每一部分都独立评分，四部分得分的平均分作为考生的雅思综合得分（小数部分取舍到最近的一分或半分，即如果平均分为6.125分，雅思得分算作6分）。成绩单上将列出考生每一部分的得分，同时给出考生的综合得分。雅思考试满分为9分。考试成绩一般在考试后一个月内通知考生。

以下为雅思考试各部分的时间分配及基本内容安排：

听力：时间30分钟。考生根据听到的录音内容（一般分四部分）回答约四十个问题，形式有多项选择、完成句子、填空等。

阅读：考试时间60分钟。考生须阅读三篇文章，回答约四十个问题。难易程度依次排列，即第一篇最容易，第三篇最难。

写作：时间60分钟。考生须写两篇文章。第一篇要求150个单词以上，第二篇要求250个单词以上。对第二篇的要求较高，占分比例也较大。

口语：考试时间为10-15分钟。由剑桥大学考试委员会认证的考官主考。一般由考官提问，考生回答一些基本问题或者讨论某个问题。整个会话过程将通过录音备案。

雅思考试分为学术类（Academic Module）和普通培训类（General Training Module）两种。两种类型的听力和口语两部分采用同一试卷，阅读和写作两部分采用不同的试卷，学术类试题比普通培训类试题的难度略高。一般来说，申请学习正规课程（如高等院校学位课程）者应参加学术类考试；申请非正规课程或非学位课程者以及移民申请者，只需参加普通培训类考试，考生在选择考试种类时应对此加以注意。雅思的听力、阅读和写作三部分考试在上午进行，口语考试在下午或第二天进行，四项考试考生必须全部参加。雅思成绩单一般在考试后一个月至三个月内发出，有效期两年。目前雅思考试费为人民币1150元。

雅思考试没有次数上的限制。考生如果对考试成绩不满意，可以选择再考，但两次考试时间相隔不能少于三个月。雅思考试自1990年4月开始在中国推广，英国大使馆文化教育处专门设有考试部，负责雅思工作。目前在中国设有固定考点十几个，北京和上海每月举办一次考试，北京还经常需要加试。其他地区每两三个月举办一次。浙江省考生可以去上海或杭州参加考试。

雅思考试流程 1.上午9:15-9:30 AM 考试人员解说考试注意事项及考试流程。2.听力考试30分钟 听力考试：先由考生将自己认为正确的答案作笔录。录音播放结束后，允许考生用10分钟时间将答案填在标准彩色答案卡上。此部分有4小部分，共40题左右，每节有10个问题，包括填空及选择等。播音时，每次有约10秒的停顿，考生应先看问题，后听录音。3.体息5分钟，但不得离开考场。

4.阅读考试60分钟 阅读考试： 考生阅读文章并将答案填入试卷上。有2或3篇阅读文章，约40个问题。试题包括填充、选择题、是非题（回答True, False或not Given）等。供阅读的文章较长，内容多，不可能精读，要快速读出大意和文章中的数字、名字、时间，注意上下文的意思，要特别注意控制时间，遇到不会做的题目，先略过此题做下一题，有时间再回头做。5.休息10分钟，可以离场。6.写作考试60分钟 写作考试：通常第一篇字数至少150个字，花20分钟；第二篇字数至少250字，约花40分钟，字数不可太多或太少，否则会扣分。7.口语考试15分钟 口试的考试时间会在公告板上公布，并列出考生在何时与哪一位考官负责。考生必须在所列的时间前报到。考试时间一般在当天下午2:00或第二天。口试考试：考生必须在口试开始前先填好考试表交给考官。

考官可能会安排如下内容：

1.考官会根据考生填写的个人资料表简单问候，同时将要求考生简单描述家庭背景。

2.主考人员会抽一张角色扮演卡，要求考生根据扮演的角色问问题。3.主考人员会要求考生讲出未来计划。

第三篇：雅思

词汇：建议使用《剑桥雅思词汇精典》 吴建业 外研社

练习：剑桥雅思1—7（1-3的题型虽然老了，但是其难度水平还是很值得我们操练的）。其他的所谓真题就不用看了，没有多少借鉴意义。阅读强化：《无词阅读法》 祁连山 中国水利水电出版社

《雅思阅读真经》 刘洪波 中国广播电视出版社

听力强化：个人觉得没有什么好的参考书目。有一个好的方法：听写剑桥雅思4-7的听力的听力稿这是唯一既能够提高听力准确性有提高听写速度的方法，对于口语和词汇也有帮助。口语：《十天突破雅思口语》 慎小嶷 机械工业出版社

《生而为赢》 群言出版社(里面的发音非常标准，是美式发音，这个要注意雅思并不是规定只能用英式发音的)写作：图表题可以使用《剑桥图表》；论述题《品读剑桥》这两本书直接在百度上找就是了 再有就是自己好好学士最重要的，没有捷径可言。祝楼主一考就过！

《新托业听力详解及实战试题》 《新托业考试官方指南—听力·阅读》 新托业考试语法和词汇详解及实战试题》 《新托业阅读详解及实战试题》 用到的备考资料包括： 新托业考试官方指南标准试卷

新托业听力详解及实战试题(人大14套)新托业全真题库Part1,2,3,4/新托业全真题库Part5,6/新托业全真题库Part7 由于时间原因，人大那套试题只做了一半，其他的资料都在考前做完了。一些体会大家参考一下：

1.虽然有人讲toeic没有真正意义上的官方指南，但这本OG跟真题在出题思路和题目难度上非常接近。大家可以以这本书题目的深度去衡量其他的参考资料，如果遇到那种绕弯子明显过多的资料就可以果断放弃了。OG的听力的朗读者和真题也是同一拨人，可以在考前提前熟悉这些人的口语发音习惯和语速。个人感觉真正机考时的语速和OG相当或者稍慢。2.备考过程中我比较重视听力。人大这套题在语速和难度上要比真题稍高，比较适合前期练耳朵和提高反应能力。听力朗读者口音比较杂一点，其中有个女性的澳洲口音一度令我比较崩溃，前几套基本要错20+，后期基本稳定在15左右。考前甚至听澳洲音也舒服了许多，真题中倒是没有出现这类口音问题。相对于后面的全真题库一书我比较推荐这一本，习惯了这本书后再去做真题就会很轻松了，只是一定要有动辄错十几二十个的心理承受能力。3.看到不少人推荐全真题库Part1,2,3,4。理由是难度和真题接近，语速也稍慢。但是我对这本书感觉实在一般。朗读者跟真题的风格相去甚远不说，题目难度也参差不齐。有时候对完答案感觉十分无语。其中一些题目甚至需要一定的办公室背景知识，对于没有坐班经历的我来说就只能呵呵了。有时题目设置的细节问题在对话的开始，而开始的几句话我还在寻找对应的场景，根本顾不上细节信息。由于对人名职位这些信息不太敏感，遇到考察这些信息的也比较头疼。不过，书后的19天词汇表对于熟悉常见单词和各种听力场景还是有比较大的帮助的。

4.全真题库Part5,6要严格按书上要求卡20分钟来完成。题目难度和真题接近或稍简单，真题中考察词汇要比考察语法的多，另外还有几道考察时态和语态的题目。Part6完型部分要注意一些书面习惯表达形式。例如：enclosed is…/in an unlikely event of …/this is to inform you that…平时在国内较少接触英文材料，这些问题只要稍加注意就能形成记忆，不至于在考试中丢分。强烈建议做完这部分的题目后整理错题本，把没见过的词汇和短语抄写下来时时翻看。

5.全真题库Part7也要卡在50分钟内完成。做这部分题的目的并不在于去揣度真题的难度，而在于熟悉各种场景。遇到一篇新的文章，读了前几句迅速识别出它的文体属性，是属于通知，e-mail,备忘录，广告，或者优惠券。一旦定位到常用的文体，就可以把考虑的范围缩小。套用平时训练中遇到的场景，结合题干和快速查找关键词，无需通读全文就能在短时间内完成阅读题目。运用这一方法一般整个笔试可以在55分钟左右完成。实际机考时我是1小时完成，余下15分钟检查漏题。

另外，考前建议大家去托业模考网进行一下机考模拟，熟悉一下流程。同时官网也有流程说明的flash供下载。机考过程

考试是在南京农业大学进行的，考场硬件条件不错。联想的品牌机，4:3的液晶显示屏，鼠标带滚轮，比较好用。耳麦竟和自己电脑上配的一样，感觉非常亲切。考生之间有临时加装的隔板，完全不用担心听力干扰问题。只是电脑的电源在脚下方，考试中要小心不要踢到。机考需要携带贴有2寸照片和签过字的准考证，身份证，和一张同底照片，照片背面写上姓名、身份证号和注册号后两位。8:20允许进场，拍完照交过证件就可以坐在座位上了。可以先不着急进场，去下卫生间。因为出来后再进还要拍照。

考试大概是9:05开始，先是10分钟的试音和填写国籍语言代码，倒数完成后直接跳转到听力考试，所有题目乱序显示。做完后自动跳转不能回头查看修改。听力结束后直接进入阅读部分，中间无等待。

这次考试总体感觉还可以。听力部分相对比较简单，尤其是一贯作为重点的part3、4。以下是一些个人感受，大家酌情参考吧。1.Part1中图片为黑白的，显示清晰。不会像pdf资料中那样模糊不清。错误选项一般设置的也比较明显。

2.听Part2时切忌走神，之前做题时一般到第30题左右会疲劳放松，结果错一些不该错的题。听的时候一定要重点关照开始的疑问词（特殊疑问句）。

3.Part3、4时候听到question 41 through 43 refer to the following…时一定要快速扫一下3道问题的题干部分。实际考试时发现这段文字要比平时练习资料中念得慢一些，所以预读的时间会稍稍充裕。我的经验是，如果有看到where、when、who时证明题目要考查细节，听的时候就要特别关注相应的细节信息。而看到what，往往考察的是文章大意。预读完之后我习惯于不再看屏幕，而专心听录音，这样获得的信息量往往比较完整。4.part5、6一贯是我的强项，印象中没有遇到太多问题。Part6习惯只读出现填空的句子。5.part7难度不大，所有的文体、场景都在之前提到的资料中遇到过，所要做的就是尽可能的快速识别场景加上关键词定位而不需要全文阅读浪费时间。题目选项中同义转述和原文复现的都有，原文复现的情形较多。值得一提的是机考中文章和题目分栏显示，各自都有进度栏，做题时一定要确保进度栏做到底，切忌漏做。所有题目完成后右上角会有items review的选项，可以查看是不是有漏题。不可以提前交卷，时间一到系统会自动提交。考试最后五分钟屏幕会出现提示。

最后希望大家能够沉下心来，认真备考。虽然toeic考试整体难度不大，但是和国内英语考试相比更加重视对语言的灵活运用。Toeic中的英语是我们生活中的，每天都会遇到的，而且应该是能够信手拈来的。相信通过不懈的努力，找到适合自己的方法，每个考生都能取得自己满意的成绩。如果这段文字能在大家的备考过程中有所裨益，那也是我非常高兴的事情。

第四篇：雅思大作文

雅思大作文模板（1）--五大题型模板五大题型模板

开头段：

(opinion)The discussion about _____ is a very controversial one.Those who criticize(/oppose/object to/are against)_____ contend(/argue/hold)that _____, but people who advocate(/favor/are for)_____, on the other hand, maintain(/assert/ claim)that _____.From the personal perspective, I maintain(/hold/believe)that _____.(agree/disagree)When it refers to _____, the discussion of this issue among inpiduals and in society as a whole has come into vogue during the last decade.It is commonly accepted that _____;however, I disagree with the statement.I maintain(/hold/believe)that _____.(I partly approve this claim and there are several reasons and instance as follows supporting my view.)(advantages/disadvantages)Just a few years ago, the idea of _____ seemed far-reaching for most Chinese.Now, however, we are all aware that everything has two sides._____ is no exception in its development.With the advert and popularity of _____, its advantages and disadvantages have been a subject of discussion.(discuss both views)_____ now plays such an important role in so many people’s lives that it is essential for us to try to decide whether it is a blessing or a curse.People’s opinions are pergent on such a complex and controversial topic.Advocates maintain that _____.Opponents, on the other hand, contend(argue/insist)that _____.Obviously, both sides have over-simplified this issue.Actually, its value to people and society depends on how it is used.(problems&solutions)According to a(n)survey(/investigation/analysis/statistics/report)released(/conducted/made)by _____, there is a growing(/increasing/declining)number of _____ who(/which)_____.To be specific, ______.(What amazes us most is that _____.)Among countless factors which directly and indirectly influence _____, there are several conspicuous aspects as follows.正文段：

(opinion)(agree/disagree)The main reason for my propensity to _____ is that _____.What is more, _____.Moving on to wider themes, I agree with the statement that _____ without reservations for the reason that _____.Naturally, _____.It can be given a concrete example that _____.Another equally essential factor why I advocate _____ involves the realm of _____.No one can deny that _____.Obviously, it is imperative that _____.Meanwhile, a recent survey(/a typical example)will make this point clear and acceptable;_____.However, we should concede that dispite the merits of _____ mentioned above, overextented _____ will be indeed counterproductive, even harmful.The harm it produces is, in my opinion, both palpable and profound.For inpiduals, it has a debasing impact on _____;for society, it may promote a negative tendency toward _____.(advantages/disadvantages)(discuss both views)On one hand,1._____ has brought a number of(/ a lot of)benefits to us(/people).2._____ benefits us in many respects.3.The benefits of _____ can be perceived in many aspects.4.We get a lot of benefits from _____.5._____ has brought about many changes in people’s life.6._____ is a beneficial activity, in which we can obtain many advantages.First and foremost, _____.What is more, _____.In the end, _____.On the other hand,1.Just as a coin has tow sides, _____ also has some bad effects(/ill effects/side effects).2._____, on the other hand, have its disadvantages(/negative points/problems).3.However, _____ has also brought about(/given rise to/led to/resulted in/caused/created)a lot of problems.4.Good(/Superior/Wonderful)as A is, _____, it has its own disadvantages(/brings its own problems), too.For one thing, _____.For another, _____, Finally, _____.(problems&solutions)

The reasons(/causes/factors)for _____ are complex(/varied/profound).Some attribute it to _____.Others put it down to _____.Still others owe it to _____.In my opinion, however, three(/some)factors shout louder than others(/weigh heavier than others/stand out from others).The most critical

reason lies in _____.Moreover, _____.Another important factor should not be ignored._____.Among a myriad of suggested solutions to _____(/measures against _____ /plans for _____ /moves toward _____ /ideas on _____), three have begun to stand(/stick)out.First of all, _____.An equally effective measure(/solution/recipe)is _____.Last but not least, _____.结论：

(opinion)(agree/disagree)Weighing the pros and cons of _____, I strongly commit to the notion that _____, not only because _____, but also because _____.(advantages/disadvantages)To sum up,the key point is how to make good use of its positive aspects and avoid its negative points.While taking advantage of _____, we must try to find ways to reduce its disadvantages, namely, _____, to a minimum.(discuss both views)In any case, whether the ultimate effect of _____ is beneficial or detrimental, one thing is certain that _____ in itself is neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society.(Weighing the two sides, both arguments seem to be reasonable, after all.)(problems&solutions)To promote(/suppress/cultivate/popularize/curb/enhance/root up)the issue in question, the public attention(/more stress/more emphasis)should be placed(/put/focused)upon two proposals(/moves/measures/solutions): _____.

第五篇：雅思写作

School teachers used to be the source of information.However，some people argue that teachers are not as important as before because there is an increasing variety of information resources.What is your opinion?(08年4月24日考题)要对上面的句子进行重新描述，最简单的就是用同义词替换，请看下表：

Know: recognize

comprehend

grasp

understand

realize 3.使用短语进行替换

Some say that building more roads will help reduce the traffic congestion in big cities.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this.Do you support or oppose this statement? 在这一段话里，可以替换的短语如下所示:

英特网对我们的日常生活带来很大的影响。这句话我们可以写出不同的搭配。比如:

一、并列结构的使用

通过对官方范文的研究发现，考生在用并列结构提高句型档次的时候可以从以下几个层面入手：

1.名词并列: n1，n2，n3，…

这种并列又可以具体通过以下2种结构实现： a).A，B，C，… and other Xs b).X，such Y as A，B，C，…

i.Reading，writing，listening and other academic subjects could be learned from books，or primarily from books.ii.Some knowledge，such academic subjects as reading，writing，listening，could be learned from books，or primarily from books.iii.It is of great importance for people to read imaginative literature，such as poetry，novels or mythology.iv.It is of great importance for people to read novels and other types of imaginative literature such as poetry and mythology.2.名词性成分并列: n.+ what/how/whether/if… 这种并列又可以具体通过以下2种结构实现： a).what=something that b).how=the way/manner in which i.Most parents educate their children merely by instinct rather than proper pedagogy，and usually do not care about their relationship with children and how much neglect influences the future development of their children.ii.Most students are eager to obtain knowledge，but they lack the sense of what is good，or what is necessary and how much a deficiency in the concept of viewing the situation as a whole would mislead them.iii.My fellow Americans，ask not what your country can do for you，ask what you can do for your country.My fellow citizen of the world，ask not what American will do for you，but what together we can do for the freedom of man.(John Kennedy)3.形容词成分并列: a).a1 and a2+n b).a1+yet/but+a2+n c).a1，a2+n+that…

d).a1，a2，so a3 that/as to…

i.a small town à a small and peaceful town a good teacher à a good and very impressive teacher a stupid decision à a stupid and incorrigible decision ii.a simple yet effective method a direct and simple yet magically effective method an irrational yet understandable decision a fair and balance，yet undesirable decision an obvious yet not the most significant reason iii.Most students can hardly stand for his typically dry and dull lectures that would normally continue at least several quarters without giving any essential information.iv.The impact that technology has had on our daily life and society in general，is undeniable.It will become even greater as computers get faster，smaller，smarter，and so inexpensive that virtually everyone will be able to own one.v.A class led by a lethargic teacher could be extremely dull，and so boring that drives everybody in the class into sleep.vi.Learning in essence is a process that is time-consuming，painstaking，and so hard that virtually only persistent few can finally have a sense of real achievement.4.副词成分并列: a).ad1 and ad2+n b).ad1+yet/but+ad2+n c).ad1，ad2+prep…

d).ad1，ad2，so ad3 that/as to…

i.A conscientious teacher always prepares his lecture carefully，intelligently，and with the full consideration of all possible aspects concerning the subject.ii.Apart from energizing the athletes, physical strength helps them plough into the games enthusiastically and with confidence and even act as a deterrent force to their rivals to some extent.5.动词并列: a).…v1，v2+ing，v3+ing… b).s1+v1+ing，s2+v2…

i.An absent-minded teacher lacks drive to make class intensely focused，often preparing nothing in advance，wandering among random topics，thus wasting and killing times of industrial students.ii.As a result of this, food dealers have made huge profit from it, thereby promoting the sector as well as creating more jobs.6.句子并列: a).…, and therefore/thus/consequently b).not only/simply/merely…but also/…as well/even… c).neither…nor d).not that…but that… e).that引导的宾语从句 f).that引导的定语从句 g).that引导的主语从句

i.Books keep records of thoughts and ideas, and are therefore the major source from which people obtain knowledge.ii.Chinese children unfortunately have few rights to make their own decisions, and consequently often have to do things that they do not enjoy doing at all.iii.Modern vehicles have extended the range of people’s activity, and thus made much more goods available to local markets.iv.Computers have not only brought convenience, but they have also made people learn more.v.Not that emails or telephones have made people less personal, but that people themselves have become less personal.One of several possible reasons is that people usually lack of adequate communicating skills.vi.However, sports salaries are not determined by considering the contribution to society a person makes, or the level of responsibility he or she holds.二、从句的使用

从句的使用是提高写作得分最有效的一种手段，雅思写作中主要涉及的从句主要是名词性从句，状语从句和定语从句，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生既可以单独使用这些从句来组织句子，还可以采用从句套从句的方式来提高句型的复杂度。7.从句套从句: i.Those who feel that sports stars salaries are justified might argue that the number of professionals with real talent is very few, and the money is the recognition of the skills and dedication a person needs to be successful.宾语从句+定语从句+表语从句

ii.This has been driven by technological and scientific breakthroughs that are changing the whole way we view the world on an almost daily basis.定语从句+状语从句

iii.The reasons for this trend may involve the recognition that a young adult who passes directly from school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world.宾语从句+定语从句

iv.But overall, I think that this is less likely today, when academic qualifications are essential for getting a reasonable career.宾语从句+非限制性定语从句 v.Unfortunately, it is not always the case that new things are promoted because they have good impacts for the majority of people.名词性从句+状语从句

三、倒装句的使用

倒装句的使用主要包括否定词位于句首时的倒装，比较句中第2个句子的倒装和虚拟语气条件句中的倒装。

i.Not only should the parent spent more time with their children, they should also try to communicate with their children more often.ii.Only in this way can this issue be effectively solved.iii.Nor a bad environment will make people healthier.iv.Only in very few regions do the residents have enough water for their daily needs.第一，定语从句。

这应该算是写作中最常用的一种句型之一。适当地运用定语从句可以给你的文章增色不少。例如，下面的这两个句子用上定语从句马上就变成了一个漂亮的复杂句。Bad books contain evil much description

thoughts.In them, there might be , and sex.about violence, superstition

→ Bad books, in which there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts.第二，状语从句。

在写作当中运用的最多的是以下五种状语从句，即原因状语从句，让步状语从句，条件状语从句，时间状语从句和目的状语从句。

1.原因状语从句：常由because, as, since和for引导 Eg: Nonetheless demerits.尽管如此，我还是赞成太空探险，因为它的好处远远大于坏处。

2.让步状语从句：常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和notwithstanding引导

Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。3.条件状语从句：常由if, on the condition that和providing that引导 Eg: If you want to achieve

something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志，你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。4.时间状语从句：常由when和while引导

Eg: When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到教育，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。5.目的状语从句: 常由so that和in order that引导

Eg: Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills andtechnology 保持优势。

so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识，使得他们在就业市场能

that education can , I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh 第三，宾语从句。Eg: Some people claim

that government should be mainly responsible for the environmental pollution.一些人认为政府应对环境污染负主要责任。

Eg: Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is aninevitable result and there is no way to avoid it.许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果，无法避免。第四，同位语从句。Eg: It is an undeniable increasingly serious.环境污染变得越来越严重是不可否认的事实。

Eg: No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。第五，主语从句。

Eg: What has caught our attention

is /It is noticeable that the environment in

.fact that environmental pollution becomes both the rural and urban areas is deteriorating 值得注意的是农村和城市的生态环境都在不断恶化。

Eg: It is universally acknowledged that environmental pollution becomes one of the most serious problems in China or even the world as a whole.众所周知，环境污染问题是中国乃至世界面临的最为严重的问题之一。第六，强调句: It is ＋ 被强调的内容 ＋ that Eg: It is cars and factories that release environment.汽车和工厂排放大量的废气，使得环境被污染。第七，倒装句。

Eg: Only if the government will take some appropriate this intractable problem be tackled.只有政府采取适当的措施，这个棘手的问题才能被解决。第八，被动语态。

Eg: Every means should be tried to protect the environment on which people live.人们应竭尽全力来保护我们赖以生存的环境。

measures, will

a great deal of gases, polluting the 第九，分词结构：包括现在分词和过去分词。

Eg: Tourism, which is a rising industry, has become the major source of economy, playing crucial role in many Asian countries.旅游业是一个新兴的行业，它成为经济的主要来源, 在很多东南亚国家起着尤为重要的作用。

Eg: To be more specific , government should stage some relevant

.laws or regulations to severely punish the factory producing a great number of pollutants and the people littering or spitting deliberately 人进行严惩。第十，插入语。

一种独立成分,与句子的其它成分一般没有语法上的关系,大都是对一句话作一些附加说明或解释。它通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成,位置较为灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。Eg: Computer, an indispensable conveniences.电脑，我们生活中必不可少的一部分，给我们带来了极大的方便。

Eg: College students, lacking social experience, are easily cheated.大学生，没有社会经验，容易上当受骗。

part in our life, has brought us great 具体来说，政府应该出台相关法律法规对制造大量污染物的工厂及故意乱扔垃圾随地吐痰的