下载文档第一篇：希拉里演讲稿
希拉里竞选英文演讲稿
I’m getting ready for a lot of things.A lot of things.我已准备好做很多事。很多事。
It’s spring, so we’re starting to get the gardens ready and my tomatoes are legendary here in my own neighborhood.春季已至，我们开始整理花园，在我住的社区里，我种的西红柿可是个传奇。My daughter is about to start kindergarten next year, and so we’re moving just so she can belong to a better school.我女儿明年就要上幼儿园了，所以我们准备搬家，为了让她上更好的学校。My brother and I are starting our first business.我的兄弟和我正打算创业。
After five years of raising my children, I am now going back to work.五年来我一直在养育自己的孩子，现在我要重返职场了。
Every day we’re trying to get more and more ready and more prepared.Baby boy, coming your way.每天，我们都在做着越来越充分准备来迎接儿子的诞生。
Right now I’m applying for jobs.It’s a look into what the real world will look like after college.现在我提出工作申请。我对毕业后即将面对的真实世界充满期待。I’m getting married this summer to someone I really care about.我今年夏天要结婚了——跟一个我非常在乎的人。
I’m gonna be in the play and I’m gonna be in a fish costume.From little tiny fishes.我要参演一个剧了，穿着鱼的服装。小鱼鱼。I’m getting ready to retire soon.Retirement means reinventing yourself in many ways.我很快就准备退休了。退休意味着各个方面重塑你自身。
Well we’ve been doing a lot of home renovations.But, most importantly, we just want to teach our dog to quit eating the trash.我们打算重新装修房子。不过最重要的还是教会我们的狗别再吃垃圾了。And so we have high hopes for 2015 that that’s going to happen.我们对2015年有很高的期待，它们会实现的。
I’ve started a new career recently.This is a fifth generation company which means a lot to me.This country was founded on hard work and it really feels good to be a part of that.我最近开始了一份新的事业这个。这个第五代公司对我来说意义重大。每个人都在为此努力工作，而成为其中一员感觉非常棒。
I’m getting ready to do something, too.I’m running for president.Americans have fought their way back from tough economic times but the deck is still stacked in favor of those at the top.Everyday Americans need a champion, and I want to be that champion.So, you can do more than just get by, you can get ahead.And stay ahead!Because when families are strong, America is strong.So, I’m hitting the road to earn your vote.Because it’s your time, and I hope you’ll join me on this journey.我也准备好了要做一些事情。我要参加总统竞选。美国已经从艰难的经济形势中恢复，但机遇仍然存在并青睐那些位于顶端的人。每一天，美国都需要一个冠军，而我希望成为那个冠军。所以，你可以做的更好，你可以领先并一直领先。因为只要家庭繁荣，美国就会繁荣。因此我需要你的选票，因为这是你的时代，我希望你能和我一起踏上征程。
第二篇：希拉里经典演讲稿
希拉里经典演讲稿1
Thank you so much.Thank you all.非常感谢各位!谢谢你们!
Well, this isn't exactly the party I'd planned, but I sure like the company.嗯~，这场聚会并不是我事先计划好的哦，但是我很感谢有你们的陪伴。
I want to start today by saying how grateful I am to all of you--to everyone who poured your hearts and your hopes into this campaign, who drove for miles and lined the streets waving homemade signs, who scrimped and saved to raise money, who knocked on doors and made calls, who talked and sometimes argued with your friends and neighbors,(APPLAUSE)who e-mailed and contributed online, who invested so much in our common enterprise.To the moms and dads who came to our events, who lifted their little girls and little boys on their shoulders and whispered in their ears, “See, you can be anything you want to be.”
从今天开始我想要感谢所有的人——感谢那些倾注了你们的热情和希望在这次竞选活动中的人们，感谢那些长途跋涉，在街上挥舞自制标语的人们，感谢那些省吃俭用，踊跃募款的人们，感谢那些到各家各户敲门，给每个人打电话，并且和你的朋友邻居们讨论甚至争论起来的人们。(鼓掌)感谢那些通过电子邮件和网络进行捐助的人们，感谢那些在我们的公共事业上大量投资的人们。更要感谢那些带着小孩子参加我们活动的父亲母亲，他们轻声地告诉肩膀上的孩子们：“看啊，有梦想就能实现!”
To the young people, like 13-year-old Ann Riddle from Mayfield, Ohio, who had been saving for two years to go to Disney World, and decided to use her savings instead to travel to Pennsylvania with her mom and volunteer there as well.To the veterans and the childhood friends, to New Yorkers and Arkansans who traveled across the country, telling anyone who would listen why you supported me.我也应该感谢像安这样的年轻人们，她今年刚13岁，来自俄亥俄州的梅菲尔得市，她决定把过去两年中本为去迪士尼攒下的钱用来去宾夕法尼亚和妈妈一起充当志愿者。还有那些退伍老兵，孩提时的朋友，以及纽约和阿肯色地区的人们，感谢他们不远万里来到这里，是他们告诉那些愿意聆听的人们为什么要支持我。
To all those women in their 80s and their 90s, born before women could vote, who cast their votes for our campaign.I've told you before about Florence Steen of South Dakota, who was 88 years old, and insisted that her daughter bring an absentee ballot to her hospice bedside.Her daughter and a friend put an American flag behind her bed and helped her fill out the ballot.She passed away soon after, and under state law, her ballot didn't count.But her daughter later told a reporter, “My dad's an ornery old cowboy, and he didn't like it when he heard mom's vote wouldn't be counted.I don't think he had voted in 20 years.But he voted in place of my mom.” 感谢那些在女性可以有选举权之前出生的八、九十岁并在竞选活动中投票的女士们。我在之前提到过来自南达科他州的88岁的Florence Steen, 坚持让他的女儿带一张缺席选举人票到她的床边。她女儿和朋友在她的床边放了面美国国旗并帮助她填选票。没多久，她离开了人世。根据国家法律，她的选票不能生效。后来她的女儿对记者说：“我爸是个脾气不大好的老牛仔，听到我妈的选票失效时他很失落。我想他有二十多年没有投过票了，但他这次代替我妈妈投上了一票。”
to you and to the progress we seek is unyielding.You have inspired and touched me with the stories of the joys and sorrows that make up the fabric of our lives.And you have humbled me with your commitment to our country.Eighteen million of you, from all walks of life-women and men, young and old, Latino and A sian, A frican-American and Caucasian rich, poor, and middle-class, gay and straight, you have stood with me.And I will continue to stand strong with you every time, every place, in every way that I can.The dreams we share are worth fighting for.Remember, we fought for the single mom with the young daughter, juggling work and school, who told me, “ I’m doing it all to better myself for her”.We fought for the woman who grabbed my hand and asked me, “What are you going to do to make sure I have health care?”and began to cry, because even though she works three jobs, she can’t afford insurance.所以，对所有给我投票的人们，对所有我发誓尽自己所能来为你们做奉献的人们，对和我一起追求进步未曾屈服的人们，我向你们表示感谢。
你们的故事激励着我，感动着我；故事有喜也有悲，它们构成了我们的生活。
在你们为国家所做的贡献之下，我显得无比卑微。
1800万选民，来自不同行业的女人和男人、年轻人和老年人、拉丁血统和亚裔朋友、黑人朋友和高加索人民、富有的人、贫穷的人、中产阶级、同性恋者或异性恋者，你们曾站在我这一边。
我也将一如既往地坚定地站在你们的一边，无论何时何地，用一切我所能够做的方式。我们共同的梦想是值得我们为之奋斗的！
请记住，我们曾奋斗，为那个有一个小女儿，拼命工作学习的身单母亲，她曾对我说：“我做的一切让自己变得更好，都是为了我的女儿。” 我们曾奋头，为那个握住我的手问：“你会怎样做来确保我能得到健康治疗?”然后哭泣的女人，因为她尽管做三份工作仍无法承担医药费。
We fought for the yough man in the Marine Corps T-shirt who waited months for medical care and said，Take care of my buddies over there, and then will you please take care of me?”
We fought for all those who’ve lost jobs and health care, who can’t afford gas or groceries or college, who have felt invisible to their president these last seven years.希拉里经典演讲稿2
Thank you very much.You know, tonight, we are hearing the voices of people across America, people of all ages, of all colors, all faiths and all walks of life, people on the day shift, the night shift, the late shift, with the crying babies, moms and dads who want a better world for our children, young people who deserve a world of opportunity, all those who aren't in the headlines, but have always written America's story.After seven years of a president who listens only to the special interests, you're ready for a president who brings your voice, your values and your dreams to your White House.And tonight, in record numbers, you voted not just to make history, but to remake America.People in American Samoa, Arkansas, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and the great state of New York and on just--on just one really serious note, we want to keep the people of Arkansas and Tennessee in our prayers.They suffered horrible tornadoes tonight.We just talked to some of our folks there and people have died in both states, and our thoughts and prayers go out to them in this moment of their need.You know, tonight, though, is your note.Tonight is America's night.And it's not--it's not over yet, because the polls are still open in California for a few more minutes.I hope that all of you will join our campaign at www.teniu.cc, because you know--you know that politics isn't a game.It's not about who's up or who's down.It's about your lives, your families, your futures.It's about the people who have shared their problems with me, looking for solutions, the mother whose insurance company won't pay for her child's treatment, the couple so determined to send their daughter to college, they're willing to mortgage their home with a sub-prime second mortgage, the man who asked me what he was supposed to do after training the person who will take his job in another country, the veterans who've come home only to find they don't have the health care, the compensation and the services they need.It's also about the people who want to seize America's opportunities.It's about the unions and businesses who are training people for green collar jobs.It's about the auto companies and the auto workers who want higher gas mileage cars so we can compete with the rest of the world.It's about--it's about our scientists and researchers who want to be able to do stem cell research right here in the United States of America.It's about our contractors and our construction workers who want to get to work to rebuild America, from the bridges in Minnesota to the levees in New Orleans.Now, for seven years, we have seen President Bush's answer.They don't know what's at stake in this election, but we do.We know what we need is someone ready on day one to solve our problems and seize those opportunities.Because when the bright lights are off and the cameras are gone, who can you count on to listen to you, to stand up for you, to delivery solutions for you?
Well, the Republicans want eight more years of the same.They see tax cuts for the wealthy and they say, “Why not more?” They see $9 trillion in debt and say, “Why not trillions more?” They see five years in Iraq and say, “Why not 100 more?” Well，they've got until January 20th, 2009 and not one day more.Now, we know the Republicans won't give up the White House without a fight.Well, let me be clear--I won't let anyone swift vote this country's future.Together, we're going to take back America, because I see an America where our economy works for everyone, not just those at the top, where prosperity is shared and we create good jobs that stay right here in America.I see an America where we stand up to the oil companies and the oil-producing countries, where we launch a clean energy revolution and finally confront the climate crisis.I see an America where we don't just provide health care for some people or most people, but for every single man, woman and child, that no one is left out.I see--I see an America where, when a young man or a woman signs up to serve our country, we sign up to serve them, too.An America with a 21st century GI Bill of Rights to help veterans go to college, buy a home or start their own businesses.see an America respected around the world again that reaches out to our allies and confronts our shared challenges from global terrorism to global warming to global epidemic.That's the America I see and that's the America we will build together.I am so lucky to have the most extraordinary staff, volunteers and supporters across the country.And I am so grateful for all those long hours and late nights that you've been putting in.And I want to thank the most important people in my life.First, Bill and Chelsea for their incredible love and support.They have done so much day in and day out.And I want to thank all my friends and family, particularly my mother, who was born before women could vote and is watching her daughter on this stage tonight.I also--I also--I also want to congratulate Senator Obama for his victories tonight, and I look forward to continuing our campaign and our debate about how to leave this country better off for the next generation, because that is the work of my life.That is why I started my career fighting for abused and neglected children, children who had drawn the short straw in life, because this nation gave me every opportunity, and we can do the same for every child.We must continue to be a nation that strives always to give each of our children a better future, a nation of optimists who believe our best days are yet to come, a nation of idealists, holding fast to our deepest values, that we are all created equal, that we all deserve to fulfill our God given potential, that we are destined for progress together.It's the ideal inscribed on the base of the Statute of Liberty in this great city that has overlooked our harbor through wars and depression and the dark days of September 11, the words we all know that give voice to America's embrace--“Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses, yearning to breathe free”--a constant reminder that here in America, we face our challenges and we embrace all of our people.So today we say with one voice--give us the child who wants to learn, give us the people in need of work, give us the veterans who need our care.We say give us this economy to rebuild and this war to end.Give us this nation to heal, this world to lead, this moment to seize.I know we're ready.Thank you all and God bless you.希拉里经典演讲稿
第三篇：希拉里演讲稿
You know, you know, we started this great effort on a sunny July morning in Pindars Corner on Pat and Liz Moynihan’s beautiful farm and 62 counties, 16 months, 3 debates, 2 opponents, and 6 black 3)pantsuits later, because of you, here we are.You came out and said that issues and ideals matter.Jobs matter, downstate and upstate.Health care matters, education matters, the environment matters, Social Security matters, a woman’s right to choose matters.It all matters and I just want to say from the bottom of my heart, thank you, New York!
Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts, for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation.I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you.I will, I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan.I would like all of you and the countless New Yorkers and Americans watching to join me in honoring him for his 4)incredible half century of service to New York and our nation.Senator Moynihan, on behalf of New York and America, thank you.I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for all of New York’s families.Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans.Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers.And how fortunate we are indeed to live in the most 5)perse, 6)dynamic and beautiful state in the entire union.You know, from the South Bronx to the Southern Tier, from Brooklyn to Buffalo, from Montauk to Massena, from the 7)world’s tallest skyscrapers to breathtaking mountain ranges, I’ve met people whose faces and stories I will never forget.Thousands of New Yorkers from all 62 counties welcomed me into your schools, your local 8)diners, your factory floors, your living rooms and front 9)porches.You taught me, you tested me and you shared with me your challenges and concerns-about overcrowded or crumbling schools, about the struggle to care for growing children and aging parents, about the continuing challenge of providing equal opportunity for all and about children moving away from their home towns because good jobs are so hard to find in upstate New York.Now I’ve worked on issues like these for a long time, some of them for 30 years, and I am determined to make a difference for all of you.You see, I believe our nation 10)owes every responsible citizen and every responsible family the tools that they need to make the most of their own lives.That’s the basic bargain.I’ll do my best to honor in the United States Senate.And to those of you who did not support me, I want you to know that I will work in the Senate for you and for all New Yorkers.And to those of you who worked so hard and never lost faith even in the toughest times, I offer you my 11)undying gratitude.大家知道，我们是在七月的一个阳光灿烂的早上，从帕特和丽兹·莫伊尼汉夫妇位于频德角的美丽农场开始迈出了这艰难的一步，然后辗转六十二个县，历经过十六个月、三场辩论，打败了两个竞争对手，穿破六套黑色便服。如今，在你们的支持下，我们终于胜利了。
你们说，各项议题和观念非常重要--全州的就业问题是重要的，医疗保健是重要的，教育是重要的，环境是重要的，社会保险是重要的，还有妇女选择权是重要的。这些全都重要，而我只想衷心道一声：谢谢你，纽约！感谢你们开放思想，不存成见，感谢你们相信我们携手为子孙后代、为我州，以至全国的未来而共同努力的美好前景。我对你们每个人都深怀谢意，感谢你们给了我一个为大家服务的机会。
我将以参议员丹尼尔·帕特里克·莫伊尼汉为榜样，尽自己最大的努力不负众望。我恳请你们所有人、诸位正在收看直播的纽约市民和美国人民，同我一起向他致敬，感谢他这半个世纪以来为纽约和美国做出的巨大贡献。莫伊尼汉议员：我代表纽约和美国人民，感谢你。
今晚我发誓，我将跨越两党的界线为全纽约州的所有家庭创造繁荣与进步。今天，我们以民主党人和共和党人的身份投票；明天，我们将作为纽约人重新开始。
能生活在我国多元文化最丰富多彩、最生气勃勃、最美丽的一个州，我们是多么的幸运。大家知道，从南布朗克斯到纽约最南端，从布鲁克林到布法罗，从蒙特哥到马塞纳，从世界上最高的摩天大楼到令人叹为观止的绵延山脉，我认识了不少人，我永远也不会忘记他们的容貌和故事。纽约六十二个县成千上万的纽约人把我迎进了你们的学校、你们的风味小餐馆、你们的车间、你们的起居室和前廊。你们教导着我，你们考验着我，你们把面临的难题和关心的问题告诉我--拥挤的校园和破旧的校舍，养育孩子和赡养年迈双亲的艰辛，寻求人人同等待遇的挑战，还有在纽约州北部地区因为就业机会难寻，孩子们都离开故乡、移往他处的问题。长期以来，我一直在为这些问题奔忙，有些问题甚至我已经为之奋斗了30年之久，我决心让这些问题得到改观。大家知道，我们国家有义务让每个有责任感的公民和家庭的生活更上一层楼。这是最起码的，作为一名参议员，我将尽自己最大的努力来实现它。
对于那些在过去没有支持我的人们，我想告诉你们，我将在参议院为你们、为全体纽约人而工作。对于那些勤奋工作、甚至在最艰难的时期也不放弃信念的人们，我永远感谢你们。
2、county [5kaunti] n.县（请注意，美国的县是比市更大一级的行政区划单位)
3、pantsuit [5pAnsju:t] n.女裤套装
4、incredible [in5kredbl] a.惊人的，不可思议的；难以置信的
5、perse [dai5vE:z] a.各种各样的，相异的
6、dynamic [dai5nAmik] a.有生气的，精力充沛的
7、“The world’s tallest skyscrapers”是指位于纽约的世界最高建筑：世界贸易中心（world Trade Center）和帝国大厦（Empire State Building），“breath taking mountain ranges”是指阿巴拉契亚山脉（Appalachian Mountains）。
8、diner [5dainE] n.（路边）小饭店，小餐馆
9、porch [pC:tF] n.走廊，游廊；门廊，入口处
10、owe [Eu] vt.应给予，对„„有义务
11、undying [QndaiiN] a.不朽的，永恒的
高鸿业的西方经济学课本
同济五版高数教材
浙大三版概率论教材
同济的线性代数
上海财经大学出版社 陈信元的 会计学
《中级财务会计学（上、下册）》 葛家澍主编 杜兴强、桑士俊副主编 中国人民大学出版社
《管理会计（第2版）——厦门大学会计系列教材》 辽宁人民出版社 最佳答案
*********************************************************** 我刚刚考完。也是数学四。我感觉先大概看看同济的教材。然后基础一般的我建议你看李永乐的复习全书。讲的很基础的做题方法。
基础好些的可以看看陈文灯的复习指南。能开拓思路。
我复习的时候看的是李永乐的书。然后同学给我张陈文灯的听课证，我就去听了（其实陈的课讲的不怎么的，到是黄先开讲的很好）。我感觉这么一来数学水平提高的很快。
一本复习的书就足够了，不需要在破费。反复做几遍（我做了3遍，但我同学做了7遍）就OK了。12月左右在看点冲刺的模拟题。真题要多做几遍啊，这个最最重要了。
祝你考研成功！
****************下面是2006年考研的考试大纲****************** 这只是2006年考研数学四的要求。2007年据说要和数学三合并。有这种说法，但还是要等教育部的考试大刚出来才知道。数学四考试大纲
[考试科目]
微积分、线性代数、概率论
微积分
一、函数、极限、连续
考试内容
函数的概念及其表示法函数的有界性、单调性、周期性和奇偶性反函数、复合函数、隐函数、分段函数基本初等函数的性质及其图形初等函数数列极限与函数极限的概念函数的左极限和右极限无穷小和无穷大的概念及其关系无穷小的基本性质及阶的比较极限四则运算两个重要极限函数连续与间断的概念初等函数的连续性闭区间上连续函数的性质
考试要求
1．理解函数的概念，掌握函数的表示法。
2．了解函数的有界性、单调性、周期性和奇偶性。
3．理解复合函数、反函数、隐函数和分段函数的概念。
4．掌握基本初等函数的性质及其图形，理解初等函数的概念。
5.会建立简单应用问题中的函数关系式。
6．了解数列极限和函数极限（包括左、右极限）的概念。
7.了叔无穷小的概念和其基本性质掌握无穷小的阶的比较方法，了解无穷大的概念及其与无穷小的关系。
8．了解极限的性质与极限存在的两个准则（单调有界数列有极限、夹逼定理），掌握极限四则运算法则，会应用两个重要极限。
9．理解函数连续性的概念（含左连续与右连续）。
10．了解连续函数的性质和初等函数的连续性。了解闭区间连续函数的性质（有界性、最大值和最小值定理、介值定理）及其简单应用。二、一元函数微分学
考试内容
导数的概念函数的可导性与连续性之间的关系导数的四则运算基本初等函数的导数复合函数、反函数和隐函数的导数高阶导数微分的概念和运算法则罗尔（Rolle）定理和拉格朗日（lagrange）中值定理及其应用洛比大（L'Hospital）法则函数单调性函数的极值函数图形的凹凸性、拐点及渐近线函数图形的描绘函数的最大值和最小值
考试要求
1.理解导数的概念及可导性与连续性之间的关系，了解导数的几何意义与经济意义（含边际和弹性的概念）·
2.掌握基本初等函数的导数公式、导数的四则运算法则及复函数的求导法则；掌握反函数与隐函数求导法，了解对数求导
3．了解高阶导数的概念，会求二阶导数以及较简单函数的n阶导数。
4．了解微分的概念，导数与微分之间的关系，以及一阶微分试的不变性；掌握微分法。
5．理解罗尔定理和拉格朗日中值定理的条件和结论，掌握这两个定理的简单应用
6．会用洛必达法则求极限。
7．掌握函数单调性的判别方法及简单应用，掌握极值、最大值和最小值的求法（含解较简单的应用题）。
8．掌握曲线凹凸性和拐点的判别方法，以及曲线的渐近线的求法。
9．掌握函数作图的基本步骤和方法，会作某些简单函数的图形。
三、一元函数积分学
考试内容
原函数与不定积分的概念不定积分的基本性质基本的积分公式不定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法定积分的概念和基本性质积分中值定理变上限积分定义的函数及其导数牛顿一莱布尼茨（NewtOn一Deibniz）公式定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法广义积分的概念及计算定积分的应用
考试要求
1．理解原函数与不定积分的概念，掌握不定积分的基本性质、基本积分公式；掌握计算不定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法。
2．了解定积分的概念和基本性质；掌握牛顿一莱布尼茨公式，以及定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法；会求变上限积分的导数。
3．会利用定积分计算平面图形的面积和旋转体的体积，会利用定积分求解一些简单的经济应用题。
4．了解广义积分收敛与发散的概念，掌握计算广义积分的基本方法，了解广义积分的收敛与发散的条件。
四、多元函数微积分学
考试内容
多元函数的概念二元函数的几何意义二元函数的极限与连续性有界闭区域上二元连续函数的性质（最大值和最小值定理）偏导数的概念与计算多元复合函数的求导法隐函数求导法高阶偏导数全微分多元函数的极值和条件极值、最大值和最小值。二重积分的概念、基本性质和计算无界区域上的简单二重积分的计算
考试要求
1.了解多元函数的概念，了解二元函数的表示法与几何意义。
2.了解二元函数的极限与连续的直观意义。
3.了解多元函数的偏导数与全微分的概念，掌握求复合函数偏导数和全微分的方法；会用隐函数的求导法则。
4.了解多元函数极值和条件极值的概念，掌握多元函数极值存在的必要条件，了解二元函数极值存在的充分条件，会求二元函数的极值。会用拉格朗日乘数法求条件极值。会求简单多元函数的最大值和最J、值，并会求解一些简单的应用题。
5.了解二重积分的概念与基本性质，会计算较简单的二重积分（含利用极坐标进行计算）；会计算无界区域上较简单的二重积分。
线性代数
一、行列式
考试内容
行列式的概念和基本性质行列式按行（列）展开定理克莱姆（Crammer）法则
考试要求
1．理解N阶行列式的概念。
2．掌握行列式的性质，会应用行列式的性质和行列式按行（列）展开定理计算行列式。
3．会用克莱姆法则解线性方程组。
二、矩阵
考试内容
矩阵的概念单位矩阵、对角矩阵、数量矩阵、三角矩阵和对称矩阵、矩阵的和数与矩阵的积、矩阵与矩阵的积、矩阵的转置、逆矩阵的概念和性质、矩阵的伴随矩阵、矩阵的初等变换、初等矩阵、分块矩阵及其运算矩阵的秩
考试要求
1．理解矩阵的概念，了解几种特殊矩阵的定义和性质。
2．掌握矩阵的加法、数乘和乘法以及它们的运算法则；掌握矩阵转置的性质；掌握方阵乘积的行列式的性质。
3．理解逆矩阵的概念，掌握逆矩阵的性质。会用伴随矩阵求矩阵的逆。
4．了解矩阵的初等变换和初等矩阵的概念；理解矩阵的秩的概念，会用初等变换求矩阵的逆和秩。
5．了解分块矩阵的概念，掌握分块矩阵的运算法则。
三、向量
考试内容
向量的概念向量的和数与向量的积向量的线性组合与线性表示向量组线性相关与线性无关的概念、性质和判别法向量组的极大线性无关组向量组的秩
考试要求
1.了解向量的概念。掌握向量的加法和数乘的运算法则。
2.人理解向量的线性组合与线性表示、向量组线性相关、线性元关等概念，掌握向量组线性相关、线性无关的有关性质及判别法。
3．理解向量组的极大无关组的概念，掌握求向量组的极大无夫组的方法。
4．理解向量组的秩的概念，了解矩阵的秩与其行（列）向量组的秩之间的关系，会求向量组的秩。
四、线性方程组
考试内容
线性方程组的解线性方程组有解和尤解的判定齐次线性方程组的基础解系和通解非齐次线性方程组的解与相应的齐次线性方程组（导出组）的解之间的关系非齐次线性方程组的通解
考试要求
1．理解线性方程组解的概念，掌握线性方程组有解和无解的判定方法。
2．理解齐次线性方程组的基础解系的概念，掌握齐次线性方程组的基础解系和通解的求法。
3．掌握非齐次线性方程组的通解的求法，会用其特解及相应的导出组的基础解系表示非齐次线性方程组的通解。
五、矩阵的特征值和特征向量
考试内容
矩阵的特征值和特征向量的概念相似矩阵矩阵的相似对角矩阵实对称矩阵的特征值和特征向量
考试要求
1．理解矩阵的特征值、特征向量等概念，掌握矩阵特征值的性质。掌握求矩阵的特征值和特征向量的方法。
2．理解矩阵相似的概念，掌握相似矩阵的性质；了解矩阵可对角化的充分条件和必要条件，掌握将矩阵化为相似对角矩阵的方法。
3．了解实对称矩阵的特征值和特征向量的性质。
概率论
一、随机事件和概率
考试内容
随机事件与样本空间事件的关系事件的运算及其性质事件的独立性完全事件组概率的定义概率的基本性质古典型概率条件概率加法公式乘法公式全概率公式和贝叶斯（BAYES）公式独立重复试验
考试要求
1．了解样本空间的概念，理解随机事件的概念，掌握事件间的关系及运算。
2．理解概率、条件率的概念，掌握概率的基本性质，会计算古典型概率；掌握概率的加法、剩法公式，以及全概率公式、贝叶斯公式。
3．理解事件的独立性的概念，掌握用事件独立性进行概率计算；理解独立重复试验的概念，掌握计算有关事件概率的方法。
二、随机变量及及其概率分布
考试内容
随机变量及其概率分布随机变量的分布函数的概念及其性质离散型随机变量的概率分布连续型随机变量的概率密度常见随机变量的概率分布二维随机变量及其联合（概率）分布二维离散型随机变量的联合概率分布和边缘分布二维连续型随机变量的联合概率密度和边缘密度随机变量的独立性常见二维随机变量的联合分布随机变量函数的概率分布
考试要求
1．理解随机变量及其概率分布的概念；理解分布函数F（x）=P{X≤x} 的概念及性质；会计算与随机变量相关的事件的概率。
2.理解离散型随机变量及其概率分布的概念；掌握0一1分布、二项分布、超几何分布、泊松（Poison）分布及其应用。
3．理解连续型随机变量及其概率密度的概念；掌握概率密度与分布函数之间的关系；掌握均匀分布、指数分布分布及其应用
4．理解二维随机变量的概念，理解二维随机变量的联合分布的概念、性质及其两种基本形式：离散型联合概率分布和边缘分布、连续型联合概率密度和边缘密度；会利用二维概率分布求有关事件的概率。
5．理解随机变量的独立性概念，掌握离散型和连续型随机变量独立的条件。
6.掌握二维均匀分布，了解二维正态分布的密度函数，理解其中参数的概率意义。
7．掌握根据自变量的概率分布求其较简单函数的概率分布的基本方法。
三、随机变量的数字特征
考试内容
随机变量的数学期望、方差、标准差以及它们的基本性质随机变量函数的数学期望二随机变量的协方差及其性质二随机变量的相关系数及其性质
考试要求 1．理解随机变量数字特征（期望、方差、标准差、协方差、相关系数）的概念，并会运用数字特征的基本性质计算具体分布的数字特征，掌握常用分布的数字特征
2．会根据随机变量调的概率分布求其函数G(X）的数学期望Eg(X）。
四、中心极限定理
考试内容
泊松（POISSON)定理列莫弗一拉普拉斯（DEMOIVRE)(Laplace)定理、二项分布以正态分布为极限分布）列维一林德伯格（Levi一Lindberg）定理（独立同分布的中心极限定理）
考试要求
1．掌握泊松定理的结论和应用条件，并会用泊松分布近似计算二项分布的概率。
2．了解列莫弗～拉普拉斯中心极限定理，列维一林德伯格中心极限定理的结论和应用条件，并会用相关定理近似计算有关随机事件的概率。
[试卷结构]
（一）内容比例
微积分约50％
线性代数约25％
概率论约25％
（二）题型比例
填空与选择题约30％
解答题（包括证明题）约70％
第四篇：希拉里演讲稿
希拉里退选演讲稿【英文】
Thank you so much.Thank you all.Well, this isn’t exactly the party I’d planned, but I sure like the company.I want to start today by saying how grateful I am to all of you – to everyone who poured your hearts and your hopes into this campaign, who drove for miles and lined the streets waving homemade signs, who scrimped and saved to raise money, who knocked on doors and made calls, who talked and sometimes argued with your friends and neighbors, who emailed and contributed online, who invested so much in our common enterprise, to the moms and dads who came to our events, who lifted their little girls and little boys on their shoulders and whispered in their ears, “See, you can be anything you want to be.”
To the young people like 13 year-old Ann Riddle from Mayfield, Ohio who had been saving for two years to go to Disney World, and decided to use her savings instead to travel to Pennsylvania with her Mom and volunteer there as well.To the veterans and the childhood friends, to New Yorkers and Arkansans who traveled across the country and telling anyone who would listen why you supported me.To all those women in their 80s and their 90s born before women could vote who cast their votes for our campaign.I’ve told you before about Florence Steen of South Dakota, who was 88 years old, and insisted that her daughter bring an absentee ballot to her hospice bedside.Her daughter and a friend put an American flag behind her bed and helped her fill out the ballot.She passed away soon after, and under state law, her ballot didn’t count.But her daughter later told a reporter, “My dad’s an ornery old cowboy, and he didn’t like it when he heard mom’s vote wouldn’t be counted.I don’t think he had voted in 20 years.But he voted in place of my mom.”
To all those who voted for me, and to whom I pledged my utmost, my commitment to you and to the progress we seek is unyielding.You have inspired and touched me with the stories of the joys and sorrows that make up the fabric of our lives and you have humbled me with your commitment to our country.million of you from all walks of life – women and men, young and old, Latino and Asian, African-American and Caucasian, rich, poor and middle class, gay and straight – you have stood strong with me.And I will continue to stand strong with you, every time, every place, and every way that I can.The dreams we share are worth fighting for.Rememberhe has dedicated himself to ensuring the dream is realized.And in this campaign, he has inspired so many to become involved in the democratic process and invested in our common future.Now when I started this race, I intended to win back the White House, and make sure we have a president who puts our country back on the path to peace, prosperity, and progress.And that's exactly what we're going to do by ensuring that Barack Obama walks through the doors of the Oval Office on January 20, 2009.I understand that we all know this has been a tough fight.The Democratic Party is a family, and it’s now time to restore the ties that bind us together and to come together around the ideals we share, the values we cherish, and the country we love.We may have started on separate journeys – but today, our paths have merged.And we are all heading toward the same destination, united and more ready than ever to win in November and to turn our country around because so much is at stake.We all want an economy that sustains the American Dream, the opportunity to work hard and have that work rewarded, to save for college, a home and retirement, to afford that gas and those groceries and still have a little left over at the end of the month.An economy that lifts all of our people and ensures that our prosperity is broadly distributed and shared.希拉里退选演讲稿【中文】 最后的演讲！（希拉里）非常谢谢大家，谢谢你们。
今天的聚会我可没事先准备的啊，不过很高兴有你们在！
今天一开始我想对大家说声衷心的感谢，感谢那些为（我的）竞选尽心尽力的人们，感谢那些开车过来，站在街道两旁举着自制的标语的人们，感谢大家能省吃省喝踊跃筹款，还有登门拜访的，打电话来的，（为支持我）和朋友邻居发生争执的，还有那些写email的和上网捐款的的人们，是你们给了我们活动太多太多支持，我在此一并向大家表示感谢。看到爸爸妈妈带着孩子也加入进来，父母小声对肩膀上的孩子们说：“看见没，有梦想就能实现。” 我也应该感谢像安这样的年轻人们，她今年刚13岁，来自俄亥俄州的梅菲尔得市，她决定把过去两年中本为去迪士尼攒下的钱用来去宾夕法尼亚和妈妈一起充当志愿者。还有那些退伍老兵，孩提时的朋友，以及纽约和阿肯色地区的人们，你们不远万里来到这里，并转告其他任何人，相信他们同你们一样支持我。
要对那些80后和90后的女选民们说声谢谢，她们还不到投票年龄，但是很多人还是给我们投了票。另外我曾给大家提起过一个人，她叫弗朗斯•斯汀，南达卡达州人，当时88岁的她坚持让自己女儿把一张缺席选举人票拿到了病床前，女儿和一个朋友把一面美国旗放到妈妈躺的床后面，并帮她填写了选票。然后没过多久就去世了，根据国家法律，这一票不能计入最后结果。但是女孩后来对记者说到：“我爸性子很倔，听说妈妈的投票没被采用，当时就不高兴了，他二十年都没投过一次票，这次算是替妈妈投了一票。” 我亲爱的选民们，我曾经承诺过的人们，我感谢你们，虽然结果不尽如人意，可很感谢你们能陪我坚持现在，你们的快乐与悲伤激励了我，也感动了我，完整了我们的生命，在你们对国家的承诺上，我的承诺相比逊色不少。1800万的你们来自社会的角角落落：男男女女，老老少少，拉丁人亚洲人，美国黑人高加索人，有富人有穷人，有中产阶级有同性恋者，也有非同性恋者。你们都和我并肩作战，我将继续和你们大家共同战斗，无论何时何地，尽我一切所能。我们拥有同样的梦想，我们一起为之奋斗，为之拼搏。记住—让我们奋斗起来，为了带着女儿，又是公司又是学校的单身妈妈，她曾告诉我，我做的一切都是让我这个母亲更称职；让我们奋斗起来，为了抓住我的手的妇女，她问我，怎么样才能保证我能载上健康保险啊，听到这我哭了，因为即使她做三份工，也是无济于事的；让我们奋斗起来，为了等候接受医疗保障的海军陆战队队员，他说，照顾好我的兄弟，还能照顾下我吗。让我们站起来，为那些失去工作和保险的人们，为那些不能支付得起加油费，日常支出和大学的费用的人们而奋斗，而他们的总统在过去七年中对其却视若不见。
我进入这次竞选是因为我既传统又坚定地认为，公共事业本是为帮助人民解决问题，实现梦想的。我的一生得到过无数次机会和祝福的垂青，同样也希望所有的机遇与祝福会垂青所有美国人。等到了那一天，你总能看到我站在民主的最前线—为未来而战。如今我们继续我们的战斗，继续我们待完成的目标，怎么做呢，就让我收拾好精力与热情，凝聚我们的力量尽我们一切所能推举巴拉克•奥巴马成为下界美国总统。
今天，在我停止竞选之际，我庆祝他获得的胜利，也为其献上的绝妙竞选而叫好。我支持他，倾全力支持他的胜利，同时我要求诸位和我一道为巴拉克•奥巴马努力争取，就像支持我一样支持他。
我们一起在参议院工作四年，竞选中和他打了16个月口水仗，然后接二连三地和他进行过22次辩论，我很了解他的竞选状态，同样也在他身上看到了力量与决心，优雅与胆识。巴拉克一生都在实现美国梦，从一个社区组织人做起，到国会参议院，再到美国参议员，每走下的一步都确保着梦的实现。这次竞选中，他鼓励很多人参与到民主进程中来，并激励他们为我们共同的将来出力献策。
说起来，我在一开始竞选的时候，目的只有一个，那就是赢回白宫，保证我们中走出一名总统，把我们的国家带回到和平，繁荣和发展的轨道上来。这就是我们为什么要力挺奥巴马2009年1月20日入主椭形办公室的原因。我懂得，我们大家都知道这场战斗是多么艰难，民主党人亲如一家，现在是时候重修情意了，让我们联起手来，相聚在共同的理想和价值之下，相聚在深爱的祖国之下。
过去我们一度产生过分歧，但是今天，我们融合成了一个集体，朝向相同的方向前行，以一种以往所未曾见的团结一致来获得九月的胜利，改造我们的国家，毕竟我们经历的危险太多了。人民需要的是能实现美国梦的经济：努力工作的机会以及劳有所得，攒钱上大学，维持家庭，应对退休；负担得起汽油费和其他生活用品开支，并在月底有所结余。广泛接受的经济是能满足人民需求，保证人民生活富裕的经济。
Remarks at the New York University Commencement Ceremony Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State
Yankee Stadium, New York City
May 13, 2009 2009年美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿在纽约大学毕业典礼上的演讲
纽约大学 扬基体育场 2009年5月13日
Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And does it get any better than this, a graduation ceremony for one of the great universities in the world in the home of New York Yankees? Nothing could be better.(Applause.)And thanks to all of you for cheering a visitor.I didn't realize that was permitted in Yankee Stadium.谢谢，谢谢，非常感谢。还有比这更好的事吗——世界上最好的大学之一在纽约扬基队主场所在地举行毕业典礼？真是再好不过了。（掌声）谢谢大家如此热烈地为一位来访的客人加油。我原以为在扬基体育场不可以这样做。
I am honored to receive this degree.And on behalf of the other honorees, I say thank you.Thank you for giving us this singular privilege of being part of this commencement ceremony.As I look out at this huge crowd of graduates, family, and friends, I can only reflect on what an extraordinary moment in history you are receiving your degrees, a moment in time of our country and the world where your talents and your energy, your passion and commitment is more needed than ever.There is no doubt that you are well prepared for a world that seems somewhat uncertain but which will welcome the education that you have received on behalf of not only of yourselves and your families, but your communities and your country.能够获得这个学位，我感到十分荣幸。我代表获得此一荣誉的其他人向你们表示感谢。谢谢你们给予我们参加这次毕业典礼的殊荣。当我看到眼前这一大群毕业生及其亲朋好友时，我不禁想到，你们是在一个不同寻常的历史时刻获得学位，我们的国家和整个世界比以往更需要你们的才智和精力、你们的激情和承诺。毫无疑问，你们已经为投入这样的世界作好了充分的准备：这个世界似乎前景不很明朗，但将赞赏你们不仅为了你们自己和家人而且为了你们的社区和国家所接受的教育。
As Secretary of State, I am well aware of the challenges that we face.You, as new graduates, and your generation will be up against those challenges: climate change and hunger, extreme poverty and extreme ideologies, new diseases and nuclear proliferation.But I am absolutely convinced that you and we are up to the task.There is no problem we face here in America or around the world that will not yield to human effort, to cooperation, to positive interdependence that makes clear humanity is going on, our challenges are ones that summon the best of us, and we will make the world better tomorrow than it is today.(Applause.)作为国务卿，我十分清楚我们面临的各项挑战。作为新的毕业生，你们和你们这一代人将面对这样的挑战：气候变化和饥饿、赤贫和极端主义的意识形态、新的疾病和核扩散。但我深信，你们和我们能够胜任这样的任务。我们在美国和整个世界所面临的各种问题，都能够通过人们的努力、合作和积极的相互依赖得到解决，而这种相互依赖表明，人类社会正在继续前进。挑战将激发我们最好的一面，我们将把明天的世界变得比今天更加美好。（掌声）
Now, I know that it is fashionable in commencement speeches to be idealistic, and that may sound so, but at the root of my conviction is a strong sense of reality.Because you see, I don’t think we have a choice.We can sit on the sidelines, we can wring our hands, we can retreat into cynicism, and we know what the results will be: We will cede the field to those whose ideologies are absolutely anathema to people of conscience and faith all over the world.So our positive interdependence, which is a fact, will prepare us to meet these challenges.But they can no longer be seen just as government-to-government.There is a time and an opportunity, and with the new technologies available, for us to be citizen diplomats, citizen activists, to solve problems one by one that will give in to hard work, patience, and persistence, and will then aggregate to the solutions we seek.我知道，在毕业典礼上作理想化的演说是当前的时尚，[我的讲话]听起来也许很理想化，但我的信念深处有一种强烈的现实感。因为你们知道，我认为我们别无选择。我们可以袖手旁观，我们可以束手无策，我们可以采取悲观怀疑的态度，但我们知道这样做会产生什么样的结果：我们会把阵地拱手让给那些其意识形态为世界上所有有良知和信仰者所不齿的人。因此，我们之间积极的相互依赖 ——这是一个事实——将使我们为应对这些挑战做好准备。但这不能再被仅仅视作政府与政府之间的事情。随着新技术的不断涌现，我们有时间和机会成为公民外交家、公民活动家，通过辛勤工作、耐心和毅力一个一个地解决问题，逐步积累成我们所寻求的解决方案。
Now, I know we cannot send a special envoy to negotiate with a pandemic, or call a summit with carbon dioxide, or sever relations with the global financial crisis.To confront these threats and to seize the opportunities that they also present, we need to build new partnerships from the bottom up, and to use every tool at our disposal.That is the heart of smart power.But smart power requires smart people, people who have gone the distance for their education, who have opened themselves up to this increasingly complex and interconnected world, and this changing global landscape requires us to expand our concept of diplomacy.我知道我们不能派特使与大规模流行的疾病进行谈判，不能与二氧化碳召开高峰会，也不能与全球金融危机断绝关系。要抗击这些威胁并抓住这些威胁提供的机遇，我们需要自下而上地建立新的伙伴关系，利用手中可以利用的一切手段。这就是巧实力的实质。但巧实力来自精明的人，接受过良好教育的人，向日益复杂、相互关联的世界开放的人，而不断变化的全球场景要求我们必须扩大我们的外交概念。
Now, when I was graduating so many years ago, diplomacy was the domain of privileged men working behind closed doors.Today, our diplomats are not limited, and our diplomacy is no longer confined to the State Department or our embassies.We are laying the foundation for 21st century statecraft.Where? In the classrooms of NYU, in the board rooms of the businesses of this great city, in the halls of academia, in the operating rooms of our great hospitals.We are looking for those personal commitments and connections, and that is where all of you come in.回顾我多年前从学校毕业的时候，外交是闭门谋事的高官要员的事情。如今，我们的外交人员来自各行各业，我们的外交工作也不局限于国务院或我国驻外使领馆。我们正在为二十一世纪的治国大计培养人才。在哪里？就在纽约大学的教室里，就在这座伟大城市中各家公司董事会的会议室里，就在学术会堂里，就在我们一所所优秀医院的手术室里。我们需要的是个人承诺和个人纽带，而这正是你们各位能够一展身手之处。
The biggest challenges we face today will be solved by the 60 percent of the world’s population under the age of 30.And already, young people, like all of you, are using their talents and ingenuity to help fashion their own brand of service and diplomacy.我们今天所面临的一系列最重大的挑战将由占世界人口60%的30岁以下的群体来解决。而年轻一代，像你们所有人一样，已在发挥他们的才华和智慧，帮助形成具有他们独特风格的公益和外交工作。A few examples: In the nation of Colombia, two young college graduates, fed up with the violence in their country, used Facebook to organize 14 million people into the largest antiterrorism demonstrations in the history of the world.(Applause.)In a few short weeks, their peaceful efforts did as much damage to the terrorist networks as years of military action.仅举几个例子：哥伦比亚两名年轻的大学毕业生受够了这个国家内部的暴力冲突，他们利用“脸谱网”（Facebook）组织了一次世界历史上规模最大的反恐怖主义抗议示威活动，共有1400万人参加。（掌声）在短短几个星期中，他们的和平努力对恐怖主义网络的打击程度不亚于多年的军事行动。
I know that one of your graduates spent months on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro searching for sustainable development models to bring to women and families and help them lift themselves out of poverty.Another of your classmates was studying in China last year when the devastating earthquake struck, and that has led to work ever since to deliver supplies and assistance to villagers in remote areas.International students have gone on to fight for human rights in Rwanda, build civil society in the nation of Georgia, run businesses, and lead governments.And many of you, I know, used social networking platforms to make Barack Obama the President of the United States of America.(Applause.)我知道，你们这届毕业生中的一员曾在乞力马扎罗峰（Mount Kilimanjaro）的山坡上生活了好几个月，努力寻找可持续发展模式，以便利用这种模式帮助妇女和家庭自力更生地摆脱贫困。你们的另一位同学去年在中国留学期间遇上大地震爆发，灾情惨重，这位同学自此一直在从事为偏远地区的村民输送物资和援助的工作。留学生们有的前往卢旺达参加争取人权的斗争，有的到格鲁吉亚建设公民社会，有的经营公司企业，有的领导政府工作。我知道，你们之中有很多人利用社交网络平台帮助巴拉克·奥巴马当上了美利坚合众国总统。（掌声）President Obama and I deeply understand how important it is for the young people of our country, but the young people of every country, to be given the opportunity to translate your beliefs and ideals into service and action, just as John Kennedy did when he created the Peace Corps and as President Bill Clinton did when he created AmeriCorps.This is in the tradition of citizen service.(Applause.)奥巴马总统和我都深切理解为我国乃至所有国家的年轻人创造机会的重要意义，以便你们把自己的信念和理想化为奉献与行动，正如约翰·肯尼迪创建和平队（Peace Corps）和比尔·克林顿总统创建美国志愿队（AmeriCorps）一样，这符合公民服务的传统。（掌声）
So we need to figure out ways to prepare all of our institutions of government, including and especially the State Department, to harness the efforts of those who do not enter the Foreign Service but still engage in your own type of foreign service.Our State Department personnel are skilled, dedicated, passionate, and effective.And for those of you still looking for jobs, we are hiring a new generation of diplomats.(Applause.)因此，我们需要设法让我国所有政府机构做好准备，国务院不仅包括在内而且要作为重点，以便让那些不是职业外交人员但仍以自己的方式从事外交工作的人发挥作用。我们国务院的工作人员经验丰富，忠于职守，工作热情而有效率。你们之中还在求职的人请注意，我们正在招聘新一代外交人员。（掌声）
I hope many of you will join our ranks in the Foreign Service and the Civil Service, but I know that not all will choose to become professional diplomats, and I also know that the State Department alone cannot tackle these great problems.So my message to you today is this: Be the special envoys of your ideals;use the communication tools at your disposal to advance the interests of our nation and humanity everywhere;be citizen ambassadors using your personal and professional lives to forge global partnerships, build on a common commitment to solving our planet’s common problems.By creating your own networks, you can extend the power of governments to meet the needs of this and future generations.You can help lay the groundwork for the kind of global cooperation that is essential if we wish, in our time, to end hunger and defeat disease, to combat climate change, and to give every child the chance to live up to his or her God-given potential.(Applause.)我希望你们中间能有很多人加入我们的行列成为外交官和公务员，但我知道并非所有人都愿意成为职业外交官，我也知道国务院无法单凭自己的力量解决这些重大问题。因此，我今天要对你们说的是：做你们自己的理念的特使；利用你们手中的交流工具增进我国及全人类的利益；做一位公民大使，利用你们的个人经历和专业活动结交全球伙伴，以共同承诺为基础解决我们的星球所面临的共同问题。通过建立你们自己的网络，你们能够扩展政府的能力，以满足这一代人和子孙后代的需求。你们能够帮助奠定全球合作的基础，我们若想在有生之年消除饥饿，战胜疾病，控制气候变化，让每个孩子都有机会发挥他们的天赋潜能，就离不开这种全球合作。（掌声）
This starts with opportunities for educational exchanges, the kind of dorm room and classroom diplomacy that NYU is leading on.I want to commend my friend, your president, the trustees of this great university, for understanding and believing in the importance of educational exchanges.这一切始于教育交流机会，始于纽约大学率先展开的那种宿舍外交和课堂外交。我要赞扬我的朋友、你们的校长，也要赞扬这所杰出高校的校董们，他们理解并相信教育交流的重要性。You know, study abroad is like spring training for this century.It helps you develop the fundamentals, the teamwork, and the determination to succeed.And we want more American students to have that opportunity.That’s why we are increasing funding for Gilman scholarships by more than 40 percent.More than 400 New Yorkers have used Gilman scholarships to spend a semester abroad, including nine students from NYU last year.你们知道，出国留学就象是为一场世纪棒球赛作准备的春训。它有助于你们增强基础技能、团队精神和取得成功的决心。我们要让更多的美国学生获得这种机会。这正是我们把吉尔曼奖学金（Gilman Scholarships）的数额增加40%以上的原因。已经有400多名纽约人利用吉尔曼奖学金花一个学期的时间去国外留学，其中包括去年在国外留学的纽约大学的9位同学。
Now, of course, study abroad is a two-way street, and we should bring more qualified students from other countries to study here.NYU provides a prime example of what international students can bring to a campus and how they can benefit themselves and their countries.Over 700,000 international students came to the United States last year, and NYU had the second largest number of any school in the country.(Applause.)当然，出国留学是一条双行道，我们也应该吸引其他国家更多的优秀学生到美国来学习。外国学生丰富了美国的大学，使他们自己和他们的祖国受益，纽约大学在这方面树立了一个杰出榜样。去年有70万名外国学生来美国求学，纽约大学招收的外国学生人数在全美各高校中名列第二。(掌声)Now, the benefits from such exchanges are so great that I am committed to streamline the visa process –(applause)– particularly for science and technology students so that even more qualified students will come to our campuses in the future.We’re also doing more to marry technology with global service.That’s why today I am pleased to announce that over the next year the State Department will be creating Virtual Student Foreign Service Internships to harness the energy of a rising generation of citizen diplomats.Working from college and university campuses, American students will partner with our embassies abroad to conduct digital diplomacy that reflects the realities of the networked world.And you can learn more about this initiative on the State Department’s website.由于这些交流带来了巨大的益处，我决心简化签证手续──(掌声)──特别是为理工科的学生，以便未来有更多优秀学生到我们的大学深造。我们也在扩大把高科技与全球性服务相结合的做法。因此，今天我高兴地宣布，在今后一年里国务院将建立起“学生网上外交实习项目”(Virtual Student Foreign Service Internships)，使正在成长的一代公民外交家的能量得到有效利用。美国大学生将与我国驻外使馆协作，在自己的校园内开展网上外交活动，反映网络化世界的现实。你们可以在国务院网站上了解该项目的详情。But I know that you don’t have to wait for us to create a new program.When you go home today, go online and find the website called Kiva, K-i-v-a, where you can help someone like San Ma, a mother in Vietnam who is seeking a microcredit loan to buy rice seed and fertilizer for her family farm;or log on to Heifer International’s site, and for less than the cost of a dinner out, you can donate a flock of geese to a hungry family in Asia or Africa;or help Wangari Mathai’s Green Belt movement in planting trees and offsetting carbon emissions and empowering women in Africa.但我知道，你们不需要等到我们建立起一个新项目之后再行动。今天你们回家后，上网找到一个称为Kiva——K-i-v-a——的网站，在那里你可以帮助像San Ma这样一位越南母亲，她正在寻找一笔小额贷款，为她的家庭农场购买稻种和肥料；或者你们可以进入海菲国际（Heifer International）的网站，只要花费比在外面吃一顿晚餐还少的钱就可以把一群鹅捐赠给亚洲或非洲一个饥饿的家庭；或帮助文加里·马塔伊（Wangari Mathai）倡导的“绿带运动”(Green Belt movement)，种植树木，中和碳排放，并帮助非洲妇女发挥潜能。
Now, supporting these projects and others like them doesn't require a lot of time or money.But for the people you help and the planet you protect, your participation can be not just a game changer, but a life changer.Global service also means promoting good governance.We need informed citizens, both here at home and around the world, to hold their governments accountable for getting results and finding solutions.支持这些项目及其他类似项目不需要花费大量时间与金钱，但对于你们帮助的人们和保护的地球来说，你们的参与不仅能够改变游戏规则，还能够改变人们的生活。全球性服务还意味着促进良治。我们在国内和世界各地都需要有见地的公民向政府问责，督促政府取得效益和找到解决问题的方案。
And this is not only directed at the graduates today, but there are a lot of proud mothers and fathers and husbands and wives and grandparents and children and others who have seen you to this day.And this is an offer and a challenge to all of us.In the times that we face, we know we don’t have a person to waste, we don’t have an idea to overlook.In fact, we have to be even more committed to reaching out and crossing the pides that too often separate us.For those who have come to this country to celebrate a child or a friend’s graduation, please take home this message: America more than ever wants your help;in fact, needs your help as we build these new partnerships and as we seek solutions to the global crises that cannot be solved by any one people or one government alone.这并非仅仅针对今天的毕业生，在场的还有许许多多自豪的父母双亲、丈夫或妻子、祖父祖母、孩子们和其他人，他们目睹你们走到了今天。对我们所有的人来说，这是邀请，也是挑战。在我们所处的时代，我们知道我们需人尽其才，集思广益。我们更应不断开拓新天地，超越经常使我们分道扬镳的分歧。前来美国参加子女或朋友毕业典礼的诸位，请铭记这一点：美国比以往任何时候都更希望得到你们的帮助；具体而言，我们需要你们帮助我们建立这些新的合作关系，帮助我们寻求解决全球危机的途径。任何一个国家的人民或任何一个国家的政府都无法单独战胜全球性的危机。
We need each other.We always have.It’s just so much more apparent today.A flu starting in one country spreads quickly around the world.An extremist ideology starting with a few people explodes across the internet.A global financial crisis affects farmers and small business people in every corner of the globe.That is a new reality.But equally important is that we also now have the tools to work together to forge this common approach to these common threats.我们大家休戚相关。我们之间历来如此。今天，这一点更为明显。一个国家爆发流感会迅速蔓延全球。一种极少数人酝酿的极端主义观念可通过因特网急剧扩散。一场全球性的金融危机将殃及全世界每一个角落的农民和小业主。这是新的现实。但同样不可忽视的是，现在我们也可以通过已经拥有的各种方式，同心协力抗击这些共同威胁。
So, Class of 2009, you have an historic opportunity.Every class is told that, and to some extent I suppose it is always true.But just in the course of this commencement ceremony, you’ve heard several references to the global economic crisis.The times that you are graduating in are, yes, perhaps more difficult and somewhat more daunting.But that’s when we really rise together.One of the best lines from one of my favorite baseball movies, A League of Their Own –(applause)– said it well, “If it were easy, anybody could do it.”
2009年毕业班的同学们，你们面临着历史性的机遇。每一届毕业生都听到这样的话，而且我认为在某种程度上确实如此。不过，在今天的毕业典礼上，你们已多次听到有关全球经济危机的话题。应该承认，你们毕业的这个时代或许更为困难，在某种意义上也更令人生畏。然而，这正是需要我们共同挺身而出的时候。我不禁想起一部我喜爱的关于棒球的影片，《女子棒球队》(A League of Their Own)，其中一句精彩的台词 ──(掌声)── 说得真好，“如果没有困难，任何人都能做到”。
You know, when the Yankees moved in to their old stadium next door in 1923, there was only person on the roster from west of St.Louis.Their team mostly looked the same, talked the same, and came from the same kind of cities and towns and rural areas across America.Think about the team that plays in this new stadium.It includes players from Mexico, Japan, Taiwan, Panama, four other countries.The Dominican Republic alone is home to seven Yankees.In the same way, NYU has evolved as well.The university was founded to serve the City of New York.Today it serves the world.你们知道，当扬基队(Yankees)于1923年迁入隔壁的旧体育场时，名册上只有一位队员来自圣路易斯城(St.Louis)以西的地区。这支球队的队员外表大同小异，说话语气相同，均来自美国同一类地区的城镇和乡村。再看看今天在这个新场地竞技的球队，其中有来自墨西哥、日本、台湾、巴拿马及其他四国的队员。扬基队就有七名队员来自多米尼加共和国(Dominican Republic)。同样，纽约大学也在演变。学校创立时只为纽约市服务，如今则为全球服务。
We know that there is much yet ahead that none of us can predict.There is no way to stop change.Change will come.What is unknown is whether it will bring progress or not.But you have done what you needed to do to get the best insurance policy you could, and that is an NYU education.(Applause.)And so armed with that education, I have every confidence that you will not only succeed by the dint of your own hard work and effort, but you will contribute far beyond your own personal needs.This is your moment.You’ve made it to the big leagues, and you are up to bat.Go out and give us a future worthy of this great university, of this great city, of this great country, and of the world we all wish to create together.我们知道，前方有许多未知数，我们谁都无法预测。变革不可逆转。变革终会来临。无法预知的是，变革能否带来进步。然而，你们已尽了一切努力，获得了最好的保障，那就是纽约大学的教育。(掌声)有了这样的教育，我完全相信，你们不仅可凭着你们自身的勤奋努力获得成功，而且还能为社会做出重大贡献，远远超出自身的需求。这是你们的时刻。你们加入了这个宏大的联队，你们可以出击了。踏上征途，开创我们的未来，使之无愧于这所伟大的学府，无愧于这座伟大的城市，无愧于这个伟大的国家，无愧于我们都希望共同建立的世界。
Thank you, congratulations, and Godspeed.(Applause.)谢谢大家，祝贺你们，愿诸位一切平安。(掌声)
国务卿希拉里:
You have done so well with it.Thank you, and good evening.And welcome to the USA Pavilion, here at Shanghai Expo.I want to thank Jose for that introduction, but I want to thank him more for his leadership as Commissioner General.When I asked Jose to take on this important responsibility, he knew that we had not built the pavilion, he knew that we had not raised all the money for the pavilion.And I told him, “Well, Jose, you and I will have to go and build it, and then entertain people.”
(Laughter.)
And I am very pleased to note that, in recognition of the importance of the Shanghai World Expo to advancing U.S.-China relations, President Obama has accorded Jose the personal rank of Ambassador.(Applause.)
So we will now, I guess, call you Ambassador Commissioner General.(Laughter.)
Establishing an American presence at this Expo worthy of our great country was quite a journey.这一届世界博览会建立美国展区，为了展现我们伟大国家的风采，走过了一段很不容易的路程。
There is a poem from the Southern Song Dynasty that reads: “After endless mountains and rivers that leave doubt whether there is a path out, suddenly one encounters the shade of a willow, bright flowers and a lovely village.” Well, I am very pleased that we have finally arrived at our lovely village.(Applause.)
南宋时期的一首诗写道，山穷水尽疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。现在我们最终来到我们可爱的村庄，我感到非常高兴。（掌声）
This was a real team effort, a partnership that brought together our government, the private sector, the Chinese-American community, and so many friends and supporters.So, let me offer a few thank-yous.这项工作真正体现了团队精神，体现了伙伴关系，汇聚了我们的政府、民间部门、美国华裔社区以及如此众多的朋友和支持者的力量。为此，请允许我说几句表示感谢的话。
To Ambassador Jon Huntsman and Consul General Bea Camp, and all the men and women of the U.S.Mission in China, we thank you.(Applause.)
驻华大使洪博培（Jon Huntsman）和总领事康碧翠（Bea Camp）以及美国驻中国使团的全体男女工作人员，我们感谢你们。（掌声）
To Ken Jarett and the board, staff, and volunteers of the USA Pavilion, including our student ambassadors who represent not just the welcoming spirit of our Pavilion, but the openness of our country.And to Ambassador Elizabeth Bagley and her deputy, Kris Balderston, and our corporate partners--your generosity and commitment has made all of this possible.And I am very grateful to each and every one of you.(Applause.)
感谢肯·贾勒特（Ken Jarett）及美国馆董事会、工作人员和志愿者，包括我国的学生大使。学生大使不仅表示我国展馆对来访者的欢迎，而且也代表了我国的开放精神。感谢伊丽莎白·巴格利（Elizabeth Bagley）大使和她的副手克里斯·鲍尔德斯滕（Kris Balderston）。还要感谢我们的公司伙伴。你们慷慨解囊，信心十足，才使这一切成为可能。我十分感谢你们每一位。（掌声）
And finally, I want to express our deep appreciation to our Chinese hosts.It is a great honor to have with us Ambassador Zhang, Vice Foreign Minister Cui, Vice Finance Minister Li, and Vice Mayor Tang here with us this evening.Earlier today I had the privilege of visiting the China Pavilion, with its sweeping panorama of a great nation.The ancient Riverside scroll, which depicts another period of dramatic change and development, has been transformed through the magic of technology into a vivid symbol of the new China.This entire Expo, the largest in history, is a testament to the hospitality and energy of the Chinese people.And all around us we see that the glory of the past is matched by the dynamism of the present and the promise of the future.最后，我希望对我们的中国东道主表示诚挚的谢忱。张大使、崔副外长、李副部长和唐副市长今晚也在座，我们感到非常荣幸。今天我荣幸地参观了中国馆，欣赏一个伟大国家的全景画卷。古老的清明上河图描述了另一个时期巨大的变迁和发展，通过技术的魔力转眼间展现了新中国生机勃勃的形象。整个世界博览会以有史以来最大的规模，体现了中国人民热情好客的美德和能量。在我们四周，随处可见历史的辉煌与现代的活力及未来的希望交相辉映。
The shape of that future depends, to a significant degree, on the evolving relationship between the United States and China.If our relations are defined by win-win solutions rather than zero-sum rivalries, we will thrive and prosper together.Now, we may not always agree on every issue, but we should seek and seize opportunities such as this Expo to build greater understanding between our peoples.未来的希望在很大程度上取决于美国与中国关系的发展。双方的关系如果以实现双赢而不是互不相容的对抗为特征，我们就能共同繁荣昌盛。目前，双方可能无法在每一个问题上一贯达成一致意见，但是双方应该寻求机会，抓住机会，促进两国人民之间的理解。这一届世博会就是一个例证。
This USA Pavilion embodies many of the qualities that make my country a vibrant and prosperous nation: innovation, sustainability, persity, the free exchange of ideas.And it is a model of environmental responsibility.And I am proud to announce that the Pavilion will be carbon neutral for the entire duration of the Expo.[parallelism]
美国馆体现了创新、可持续性、多样性与自由交流思想等使美国生机勃勃、繁荣昌盛的诸多特性。美国馆是环保责任的典范。我很高兴地宣布，在世博会整个展出期间，美国馆将实现碳中和。
700,000 people have already visited this pavilion.And one of the most moving displays is the tribute to the millions of Chinese Americans who have contributed so much to the cultural and economic development of the United States.From Yo-Yo Ma to I.M.Pei to Commerce Secretary Gary Locke and Energy Secretary Chu, Chinese-Americans have achieved great success in business, government, the arts, sciences and sports.And, to that end, I was pleased to hear that the Buffalo Bills have recently drafted the first Chinese-American to play in the NFL.(Laughter.)
目前已有70多万人参观了美国馆。美国馆最感人的展品之一是，赞颂为美国文化和经济发展做出如此众多贡献的数百万美国华裔的专题。从马友友（Yo-Yo Ma）到贝聿铭（I.M.Pei），从商务部长骆家辉（Gary Locke）到能源部长朱棣文（Steven Chu），美国华裔在工商业、政府、艺术、科技和体育等领域都取得了极大的成功。说到这里，我很高兴地获悉，布法罗·比尔（Buffalo Bills）队最近吸收了第一位美国华裔参加美国橄榄球大联盟（NFL）的赛事。（笑声）
But we also celebrate those Chinese-Americans whose names are not well known to us.And thousands have sent photographs and testimonials documenting the Chinese experience in the United States.And it represents a true pageant of American life.但我们还赞颂那些不知名的美国华裔。数以千计的美国华裔送来了照片和纪念物，记载华人在美国的经历，成为美国生活绚丽壮观的真实写照。
I.M.Pei, the great architect who built the John F.Kennedy library in Boston, along with many other notable buildings, said that he hoped people who went to the Kennedy Library experienced “revived hope and promise for the future.” And I believe all of us can see that hope and promise here, in Shanghai.杰出的建筑师贝聿铭设计建造了波士顿（Boston）的约翰·肯尼迪图书馆（John F.Kennedy library）等许多著名的建筑。他曾说，他希望到肯尼迪图书馆参观的人 “重新燃起对未来的希望和信念”。我相信，我们大家在这里，在上海可以看到这样的希望和信念。
And we have already been entertained by some of the young people who represent the future.I want to thank the Shanghai Music Conservatory string quartet that played for us during the reception.We are going to be hearing from the Parker Ossel Folish(ph)Trio, who will be playing during dinner.These are three young Americans who make their home here, in Shanghai.And then, after dinner, we will be entertained by an extraordinary group of young talent from California State University Northridge and Shanghai Normal University, who have joined forces to present a singing tribute called “Meet Me at the Expo.”
我们已经受到一些代表未来的年轻人的感染。我感谢上海音乐学院在招待会上为我们演出的弦乐四重奏。我们将在晚宴上欣赏帕克·奥塞尔·弗里施三人乐队（Parker Ossel Folish(ph)Trio）的演出。这个由三位美国年青人组成的乐队已经以上海为家。晚宴以后，我们将欣赏加利福尼亚州立大学北岭分校（California state University Northridge）和上海师范大学才华横溢的年轻人的演出。他们将同台演唱，“相约世博”（Meet Me at the Expo）。
Thank you again to everyone who helped to make this evening and this pavilion possible.You have enabled me to sleep through the night once again.Thank you all very much.再次感谢诸位，你们成就了今晚，成就了这个展馆。是你们再次使我能在晚上睡得安稳。十分感谢大家。
第五篇：希拉里演讲稿
You know, you know, we started this great effort on a sunny July morning in Pindars Corner on Pat and Liz Moynihan’s beautiful farm and 62 counties, 16 months, 3 debates, 2 opponents, and 6 black 3)pantsuits later, because of you, here we are.You came out and said that issues and ideals matter.Jobs matter, downstate and upstate.Health care matters, education matters, the environment matters, Social Security matters, a woman’s right to choose matters.It all matters and I just want to say from the bottom of my heart, thank you, New York!
Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts, for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation.I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you.I will, I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan.I would like all of you and the countless New Yorkers and Americans watching to join me in honoring him for his 4)incredible half century of service to New York and our nation.Senator Moynihan, on behalf of New York and America, thank you.I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for all of New York’s families.Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans.Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers.And how fortunate we are indeed to live in the most 5)perse, 6)dynamic and beautiful state in the entire union.You know, from the South Bronx to the Southern Tier, from Brooklyn to Buffalo, from Montauk to Massena, from the 7)world’s tallest skyscrapers to breathtaking mountain ranges, I’ve met people whose faces and stories I will never forget.Thousands of New Yorkers from all 62 counties welcomed me into your schools, your local 8)diners, your factory floors, your living rooms and front 9)porches.You taught me, you tested me and you shared with me your challenges and concerns-about overcrowded or crumbling schools, about the struggle to care for growing children and aging parents, about the continuing challenge of providing equal opportunity for all and about children moving away from their home towns because good jobs are so hard to find in upstate New York.Now I’ve worked on issues like these for a long time, some of them for 30 years, and I am determined to make a difference for all of you.You see, I believe our nation 10)owes every responsible citizen and every responsible family the tools that they need to make the most of their own lives.That’s the basic bargain.I’ll do my best to honor in the United States Senate.And to those of you who did not support me, I want you to know that I will work in the Senate for you and for all New Yorkers.And to those of you who worked so hard and never lost faith even in the toughest times, I offer you my 11)undying gratitude.大家知道，我们是在七月的一个阳光灿烂的早上，从帕特和丽兹·莫伊尼汉夫妇位于频德角的美丽农场开始迈出了这艰难的一步，然后辗转六十二个县，历经过十六个月、三场辩论，打败了两个竞争对手，穿破六套黑色便服。如今，在你们的支持下，我们终于胜利了。
你们说，各项议题和观念非常重要--全州的就业问题是重要的，医疗保健是重要的，教育是重要的，环境是重要的，社会保险是重要的，还有妇女选择权是重要的。这些全都重要，而我只想衷心道一声：谢谢你，纽约！
感谢你们开放思想，不存成见，感谢你们相信我们携手为子孙后代、为我州，以至全国的未来而共同努力的美好前景。我对你们每个人都深怀谢意，感谢你们给了我一个为大家服务的机会。
我将以参议员丹尼尔·帕特里克·莫伊尼汉为榜样，尽自己最大的努力不负众望。我恳请你们所有人、诸位正在收看直播的纽约市民和美国人民，同我一起向他致敬，感谢他这半个世纪以来为纽约和美国做出的巨大贡献。莫伊尼汉议员：我代表纽约和美国人民，感谢你。
今晚我发誓，我将跨越两党的界线为全纽约州的所有家庭创造繁荣与进步。今天，我们以民主党人和共和党人的身份投票；明天，我们将作为纽约人重新开始。
能生活在我国多元文化最丰富多彩、最生气勃勃、最美丽的一个州，我们是多么的幸运。大家知道，从南布朗克斯到纽约最南端，从布鲁克林到布法罗，从蒙特哥到马塞纳，从世界上最高的摩天大楼到令人叹为观止的绵延山脉，我认识了不少人，我永远也不会忘记他们的容貌和故事。纽约六十二个县成千上万的纽约人把我迎进了你们的学校、你们的风味小餐馆、你们的车间、你们的起居室和前廊。你们教导着我，你们考验着我，你们把面临的难题和关心的问题告诉我--拥挤的校园和破旧的校舍，养育孩子和赡养年迈双亲的艰辛，寻求人人同等待遇的挑战，还有在纽约州北部地区因为就业机会难寻，孩子们都离开故乡、移往他处的问题。长期以来，我一直在为这些问题奔忙，有些问题甚至我已经为之奋斗了30年之久，我决心让这些问题得到改观。
大家知道，我们国家有义务让每个有责任感的公民和家庭的生活更上一层楼。这是最起码的，作为一名参议员，我将尽自己最大的努力来实现它。
对于那些在过去没有支持我的人们，我想告诉你们，我将在参议院为你们、为全体纽约人而工作。对于那些勤奋工作、甚至在最艰难的时期也不放弃信念的人们，我永远感谢你们。
1、纽约州在美国东北部，纽约市是美国第一大城市和最大的海港，也是美国人口最多的城市。美国的立法机构——美国国会（United States Congress）包括众议院（House of Representatives）和参议院（Senate）。美国议员选举实行直接选举制，参议员由各州选民直接选举，每个州可选出两名国会参议员，每个参议员任期为六年。
2、county [5kaunti] n.县（请注意，美国的县是比市更大一级的行政区划单位)
3、pantsuit [5pAnsju:t] n.女裤套装
4、incredible [in5kredbl] a.惊人的，不可思议的；难以置信的5、perse [dai5vE:z] a.各种各样的，相异的6、dynamic [dai5nAmik] a.有生气的，精力充沛的7、“The world’s tallest skyscrapers”是指位于纽约的世界最高建筑：世界贸易中心（world Trade Center）和帝国大厦（Empire State Building），“breath taking mountain ranges”是指阿巴拉契亚山脉（Appalachian Mountains）。
8、diner [5dainE] n.（路边）小饭店，小餐馆
9、porch [pC:tF] n.走廊，游廊；门廊，入口处
10、owe [Eu] vt.应给予，对„„有义务
11、undying [QndaiiN] a.不朽的，永恒的
