第一篇：初中英语宾语从句知识点总结

初中英语宾语从句知识点总结

（一）考察的三个要点：语序，时态，关联词。

1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

2.构成：关联词+简单句。

3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。（who 作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序）

4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，连接宾语从句的连词有that（that在口语中常省略）。whether，if，和连接代词what，which，who，whom及连接副词when，where，how，why。

He knew（that）he should study hard.他知道他应该努力学习。

Can you tell me which class you are in？

您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗？

He asked me if he could come in，他问我他是否能进来。

5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：

（1）从属连词that.如：一般那情况下可以省略。

He told us that he felt ill.I know he has returned.注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。

1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.（and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。）

2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.（that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。）

3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。）

我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。

（2）从属连词if/whether.如：

I doubt whether he will succeed.I don’t know if you can help me.（3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever

连接副词 where，when，how，why.Who or what he was，Martin never learned.I wonder what he’s writing to me about.I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.注意

1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。

We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.He has made it clear that he will not give in.2.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词或过去分词有sure，glad，certain，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied等，连词that可省略。

I am not sure what I ought to do.I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said.I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before.Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.3.连词whether（…or not）或if引导的宾语从句

if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用，但whether常和or not连用，if一般不与or not连用。如：

I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。

用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义，应避免使用if而用wheter.试比较：

Please let me know if you want to go.Please let me know whether you want to go.if从句可理解为宾语从句，意为“请告诉我你是否想去”；此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话，请告诉我一声”。

4.宾语从句的否定转移。在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，有时谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。如：

I don’t think you are right.I don’t believe they have finished their work yet.I don’t suppose he cares，does he？ 我想他不在意，是吗？

5.宾语从句的时态变化规律：

主句从句

一般现在时可根据需要用任何时态。

一般过去时过去的某种时态，例如：一般过去，过去进行，过去完成，过去将来等

注意：说到自然现象和普遍真理时，用一般现在时

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.3宾语从句应注意的问题

1.时态的一致（主句的时态与从句的时态一致）a.宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

I know he lives here.我知道他住在这儿。

I know he lived here ten years ago.我知道他十年前住在这儿。

I have heard that he will come.我已经听说他要来了。

b.宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。

I know who lives here.我知道谁住在这儿。

I know who lived here 我知道谁住过这儿。

Everyone he asks us if everyone is here.He asked us if everyone was here.他问我们是否所有的人都出席了。

He has said that he has seen it.他说过他已经看了。

He said that he had seen it.他说他已经看了。

2.语序的变化

a.陈述句变为宾语从句时，语序不变。

陈述句：He is an honest man.他是一个诚实的人。

宾语从句：I said he was an honest man.（连词that可省）

我说他是一个诚实的人。

陈述句：We'll Win.我们会赢。

宾语从句：We believe we'll win.我们相信我们会赢。

b.一般疑问句变为宾语从句时语序要变为陈述句语序，用whether，if连接。

一般疑问句：Does he study hard？

他学习认真吗？

宾语从句：I wonder if（whether）he studies hard.我不知道他是否认真学习。

一般疑问句：Will they win？他们会赢吗？

宾语从句：I asked if（whether）they would win.我问他们是否会赢。

c.特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时语序要变为陈述句语序，用连接代词或副词（即保留原来的疑问词）。

特殊疑问句：Who is he？

他是谁？

宾语从句：Do you know who he is？

你知道他是谁吗？

特殊疑问句：What does he want？

他要什么？

宾语从句：I don't know what he wants.我不知道他要什么。

注意

Who went there？

（特殊疑问句）

谁去那里呢？

I wonder who

went there.（宾语从句）

我不知道谁去那里。

因为是对主语提问，所以特殊疑问句语序不变。变为宾语从句时，语序依然不变。

特殊疑问句：When did he leave？

他何时离开的？

宾语从句：I know when he left.我知道他是什么时候离开的。

特殊疑问句：Where will he arrive？

他将会到哪里呢？

宾语从句：He asked me where he would arrive.他问我他将会到哪里。

初中英语宾语从句知识点总结

（二）知识点总结

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。

一、.引导词

1．从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that，that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。例句：He told us（that）they would help us through the whole work.2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择引导词if或whether，表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。例句：I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.3.从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。例句：He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.二、判断时态情况：

1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以为各种时态。

2.主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态。

注意：从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句时态不受主句时态限制，仍用一般现在时。

例句：He answered that he was listening to me.Father told me that practice makes perfect.三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序

陈述句语序，就是主语在前，谓语动词在后。

错误: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.正确: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.注意：宾语从句的否定转移

主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.例如;I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.常见考法

对于宾语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从引导词的选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。

典型例题：Please tell me ______ last year.A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work

C.where your sister works D where your sister worked

解析：本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以排除A和 B；last year 表示过去时，所以排除 C。

答案：D

误区提醒

宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，但要注意当疑问词为主语时，句式为：疑问词+谓语+其他，问句和陈述句语序一样。

典型例题：I didn't know ?

A.What wrong was with her B.what was wrong with her

C.what wrong is with her D.what is wrong with her

解析：主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态，所以排除C和D；在what was wrong with her中，what作主语，所以问句本身又是陈述句语序，不用变化。

答案： B

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第二篇：【中考英语】初中英语知识点总结：宾语从句 定语从句和状语从句

【中考英语】初中英语知识点总结：宾语从句 定语从句和

状语从句

一、宾语从句知识点总结

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：引导词、语序和时态。

一、引导词

1．从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that，that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。例句：He told us（that）they would help us through the whole work.2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择引导词if或whether，表示“是否”。在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。例句：I don't know if there will be a bus any more.3.从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what，when，where，which，who，how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。例句：He didn't tell me when we should meet again.二、判断时态情况：

1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以为各种时态。

2.主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态。

注意：从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句时态不受主句时态限制，仍用一般现在时。

例句：He answered that he was listening to me.Father told me that practice makes perfect.三、宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序

陈述句语序，就是主语在前，谓语动词在后。

错误：He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.正确：He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.注意：宾语从句的否定转移

主句的谓语动词是think，believe，imagine，suppose，consider，expect，fancy，guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。例如:I don't think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won't come to my party.常见考法

对于宾语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从引导词的选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。

典型例题：Please tell me ______ last year.A.where does your sister work

B where did your sister work

C.where your sister works

D where your sister worked

解析：本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以排除A和 B；last year 表示过去时，所以排除 C.答案：D

误区提醒

宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，但要注意当疑问词为主语时，句式为：疑问词+谓语+其他，问句和陈述句语序一样。

典型例题：I didn't know ？

A.What wrong was with her

B.what was wrong with her

C.what wrong is with her

D.what is wrong with her

解析：主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态，所以排除C和D；在what was wrong with her中，what作主语，所以问句本身又是陈述句语序，不用变化。

答案： B

二、定语从句知识点总结

要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的 词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why, how等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1、由who, whom, that, Whose引导的从句

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

（1）Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

（2）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

（3）The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师

（4）he man whose son is a doctor is our professor.那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

2、由which，that引导的从句

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

（1）Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

（2）The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。（which / that在从句中作宾语）

注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：

a）先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；

b）先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略；

c）先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；

d）先行词中既有人又有物时；

e）整个句中前面已有which，who，that时；

f）当先行词为物并作表语时；

g）先行词为one时；

h）先行词同时又被the only, the very ,the same修饰时；

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用

I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语

Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.常见考法

对于定语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查，重点是that，which，who引导的定语从句。

典型例题：You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who B.whom C.whom D.who

解析：先行词person后有两个定语从句，第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为，whom作从句中met的宾语，可以省略。第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语，不可省略。

答案：D

误区提醒

当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时，要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词，反之用关系代词。

典型例题：I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A.when, which B.which, when

C.what, that

D.on which, when

解析：两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词，但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语，因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语，因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句。

答案：A

三、状语从句知识点总结

（一）时间状语从句

在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句。时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, after, before, since, until等词引导。

一、时间状语从句种类

1、引导的从句表示主从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作在主句之前。when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。例如：

When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。（瞬时动词）

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）

We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。

2、While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例 如：While my wife was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV.（was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生）I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）

3、As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。例如：We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示”一边……一边“）As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）

4、由before和after引导的时间状语从句，表示两个动作一前一后发生。

例如：It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来。

After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。

5、由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until.并且要注意的 是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。till不可 以用在句首，而until可以放在句首。例如：

I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。

6、由since引导的时间状语从句表示“自从……以来”。

I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。

7、由as soon as引导的时间状语从句表示“一……就”。例如：

As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。

二、时态问题

在状语从句中，有“主将从现”的规定，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。例句：I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我到北京就将给你打电话。（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，决不可用will arrive）

常见考法

对于时间状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词，或从时态的角度设题，考查学生灵活运用的能力。

典型例题：I'm sure he will jump up when he

the good news.A.know

B will know

C.knows

D knowing

解析：本题考查学生时间状语从句的时态问题。时间状语从句中，主句若是一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表示将来时。从句的主语是单三人称，所以排除 A.答案： C

误区提醒

When既可以引导时间状语从句，也可以引导宾语从句，辨别它在这两种从句中的时态是我们经常容易出错的地方。

典型例题：I don't know when he

next week.when he , please let me know.A.comes, comes

B.will come, will come

C.will come, comes

D.comes, will come

解析：第一句话“我不知道他下周什么时候来”，when引导宾语从句，表示将来时，就用一般将来时will come；第二句话“当他来的时候，请让我知道”，when引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来时，所以用 comes.答案： C

（二）结果状语从句知识点总结

结果状语从句是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，结果状语从句常由so… that或 such…that引导。要掌握这两个句型，我们首先来了解一下so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。

1、such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，such（+a/an）（+形容词）+名词+that；例如：

such a good book, such nice girls

2、so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词，“so+形容词/副词+that”。例如：

so nice, so slowly

一般情况下，such+a+形容词+名=so+形容词+aan+名 例如：

so nice a flower = such a nice flower

表达“如此多/少”时，常用so，so与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。例如：so many people

so… that和 such…that都可译成“如此的···以至于···”，二者可以互换，（当so修饰副词的时候，二者往往不互换）

例句：

The boy is so young that he can't go to school.He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.常见考法

对于结果状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。

典型例题：His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it.A.so

B.and

C.that D.as

解析：题干的意思是“他的计划如此好以至于我们都同意接受它”，that与前面的such呼应，引导结果状语从句。

答案：A

误区提醒

结果状语从句中。除了要注意so… that和 such…that的区别外，还要注意它们和too……to do（太···而不能····）和enough +形容词/副词+to do（足够的···可以···）的转换。

典型例题：Ann is too young to go to school.（同义句转换）

Ann is

go to school.解析：原句的意思是“安太小了而不能去上学”。那也就是说“安是如此的小，以至于她不能去上学”，根据所给出的空数，可以用so… that句型。

答案：so young that she can't

（三）原因状语从句知识点总结

是用来说明引起主句这个结果的原因的从句，在初中阶段引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要的有because, as, since, for等。例如：

1.I didn't go to school yesterday because I was ill.我昨天没去上学，因为我生病了。

2.Since everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.既然大家都来了，让我们开始开会吧。

3.As you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.既然你身体不好，你就不该熬夜。

4.I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.我请她留下来喝茶，因为我有事要告诉她。

原因状语从句应注意的问题

1、because, since, as, for，辨析

1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since.I didn't go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for.例：

He is absent today, becaus e / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is absent today.3）as和for的区别：通常情况下，as引导的从句在主句前，for引导的从句在主句后。例:As the weather is cold, I stay at home.（同义句）I stay at home, for the weather is cold.2、because习惯上不与so连用

汉语习惯上说“因为…所以…”，但英语习惯上却不能将 so与because 连用：

正：Because it was raining, we stayed at home./ It was raining, so we stayed at home.误：Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.因为下雨，所以我们呆在家里。

3、because 从句与 because of短语的转换

Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换，because of后加的原因可以为好或坏，但最正规的还是because.He can't come because he is ill./ He can't come because of his illness.他因病不能来。

I said nothing about it because his wife was there./ I said nothing about it because of his wife's being there.因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。

常见考法

对于原因状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。

典型例题：He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.A.and

B.for

C.but

D.or

解析：“his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因，因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。

答案： B

误区提醒

除了because、since、as、for这四个词的辨析外，对于because 从句与 because of短语的区分也是难点之一。Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换，because of后跟的是短语，because后跟的是句子。

典型例题：He didn't go to work

the heavy rain.A.because

B.because of

C.so

D.since

解析：题干的意思是“由于那场大雨，他没有去上班”，the heavy rain.表示原因，排除C；since和because 表示原因，后面跟的是从句，也就是说必须是一个完整的句子，本题中the heavy rain没有主语和谓语。只是一个短语，所以排除A和C；because of表示“由于···”，后跟名词、代词或短语。

答案：B

（四）条件状语从句知识点总结

引导条件状语从句的连接词主要有：if（如果）、unless（除非）或 as long as（只要）等。unless在意思上等于if……not.一、条件状语从句用法

1、引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。如：

If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。

If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。

另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。如:If I were you, I would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。

2、unless = if……not.除非，若不，除非在……的时候

例如：Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.=If you are not too tired, let's go out for a walk.Unless it rains, the game will be played.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。

3、so/as long as只要

例句；You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.只要你保持书的清 洁，你就可以把我的书借去。

So long as you're happy, it doesn't matter what you do.只要你高兴，你做什么都没有关系。

二、时态问题

在条件状语从句中，要注意“主将从现”的规定，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。例句: I will come to see you if I have time.我有时间，我就来看你。

常见考法

对于条件状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从时态的角度设题，考查学生灵活运用的能力，或从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。

典型例题：If he ___in half an hour, we ___wait for him.A.won't come, won't

B.won't come, don't

C.doesn't come, won't

D.will come, don't

解析：本题考查条件状语从句“主将从现”的运用。题干的意思是“如果他一小时后不来，我们将不会等他了”，从“in half an hour”，“一小时后”可知本句说的是未来的事，那么if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来时，主句要用一般将来时。

答案：C

误区提醒

if 既可以引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，也可以引导宾语从句，表达“是否”。辨别它在这两种从句中的时态是我们经常容易出错的地方。另外，if 和unless的用法也需注意。

典型例题： ——I wonder if your wife

to the party.----If your wife _________, so will mine。.A.will go, go

B.will go, goes

C.goes, will go

D.will go, will go

解析：第一句中if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，用将来时will go；第二句“如果你的妻子去，我的妻子也去”，if引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来时。your wife，单三人称主语，所以用goes.答案：B

（五）目的状语从句知识点总结

顾名思义，用来说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的的从句叫做目的状语从句。表示目的状语的从句可以由 that（以便）, so that（以便）, in order that（为了；以便）, Lest（免得；唯恐）, for fear that（生怕；以免）等词引导；目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词。

例如：You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.He wrote the name down for fear that（lest）he should forget it.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.学习目的状语从句应注意以下两点：

（1）目的状语从句中常含有can, could, may, might, should等情态动词。例如：

I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，目的是为了赶上头班公共汽车。

（2）在口语中so可以引导目的状语从句。例如：

We'll sit nearer the front so we can hear better.我们坐的靠前一点，因此，我们听得清楚一点。

1、in order that与in order to的区别：

in order that+从句

in order to+动词原形（in order to后面加的那个不叫目的状语从句，叫目的状语）例如：

He got up early in order to take the first bus.= He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.（他起床很早是为了赶上第一班 公共汽车）

目的状语从句的一个特点：由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，比如上面句中的could.当然还可以用will，would，can，等.2、so that既可引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。

1）其引导结果状语从句时，so that翻译为“以至于……”，经常可以和so/such……that……转换，且从句只能放在主句之后。如：He got up late so that he was late for school.= He got up so late that he was late for school.2）其引导目的状语从句时，从句只能放在主句之后，此时可以和in order that换用。如：He got up early so that he could take the first bus.= He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.常见考法

对于目的状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。

典型例题：Ann listened carefully _____ she could discover what she needed.A.such that B.in order that C.because

D.even though

解析：题干的意思是“为了能够发现自己需要的东西，安认真听讲”。很明显从句表示的是目的。such that本身是错误短语，because 表示原因，even though是“尽管”的意思，不符合题意。

答案：B

误区提醒

如何区别目的状语从句中的so that与结果状语从句中的so that的用法，这是我们需要注意的。目的状语从句的so that是连着的，结果状语从句是分开的，即so…that.so that是目的状语从句，是为了什么什么，有目的的含义。而so…that是结果状语从句，是“如此怎么怎么样结果是什么”。仔细体会一下吧！

典型例题：I get up so early

I can not be late

A.that B.so that C.such that

D.in order

解析：题干的意思是“我起床如此早以便于我可以不迟到”。从句表示目的，首先排除C，因为such that本身是错误短语，在排除in order，因为它后面不能跟句子；因为句子中有so，所以大家可能选A，如果选它，那句子的意思是“我起床如此早结果我可以不迟到”，显然说不通，所以 排除。

答案： B

（六）方式状语从句知识点总结

1、方式状语从句通常由as,（just）as…so…, as if, as though引导。

1）as,（just）as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在（just）as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“正如…”，“就像”，多用于正式文体，例如：

Please do as what I told you.请按照我告诉你的做。

As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

2）as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作“仿佛……似的”，“好像……似的”，例如：

He looks as if（as though）he had been hit by lightning.他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）

说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：

He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。

2、其他的引导词

1）the way: Please pronounce the word the way I do.请照我这样，读这个单词。

2）口语常用的like: He sit there smiling like it was his birthday.他面带微笑坐在那儿，像是过生日似的。（这里用了虚拟语气，值得注意的是be动词用的was，而表示虚拟as if引导的be动词则只能是were.）

地点状语从句表示地点、方位，这类从句通常由where，wherever引导。例如：

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

They will go where they are happy.他们想到他们觉得快乐的地方去。

（七）地点状语从句知识点总结

1、地点状语从句类型

1）Where＋地点从句。此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”或“····的地方”。例如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。

They were good persons.Where they went, they were warmly welcomed.他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。

You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方.We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。

2）Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。

anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如：

Wherever the sea is, you will find seamen.有海就有海员。

2、地点状语从句与定语从句的区别

二者区别在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语，则是状语从句；作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而状语从句前则无需先行词。如：

Go back where you came from.（where引导地点状语从句）你从何处来到何处去。Go back to the village where you came from.（where引导定语从句，修饰village）回到你来的那个村子里去。

3、地点状语从句的省略，如:Fill in the blanks with articles necessary.（necessary前省略了where it is）在需要的地方填上冠词。

常见考法

对于方式和地点状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。

典型例题：She looks

she is ill.A as if

B though

C because

D since

解析：as if 表示“好像”，though 表示“尽管”，because表示“因为”，since 表示“既然”，从题干的意思“看上去她好象是生病了，确定答案为A.答案：A

误区提醒

单纯考查地点状语从句在初中阶段考试中出现的并不多，这种从句多是在完形填空和阅读短文中出现，以考查学生的理解能力。它和定语从句的区别是容易出错的地方。

典型例题：

1、You should let your children play _________ you can see them.A.where

B.when

C.in which

D.that

解析：题干的意思是“你应该让你的孩子在你能看见的地方玩”，句中没有表示地点的名词作先行词，所以不是定语从句。where 意为“在……的地方”，引导地点状语从句。

答案：A

2、Now he works in the factory _________ his father used to work.A.where

B.when

C.in which

D.that

解析：题干的意思是“现在他在他父亲过去工作的那家工厂工作”，句中有表示地点的名词作先行词factory，所以where引导定语从句，表示地点。

答案：A

（八）让步状语从句知识点总结

所谓让步，就是我们日常生活中“退一步说……”的意思，有一种转折关系在里面。引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些：though, although, while, as, even if, even though, whether……or……, no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever，一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”，“无论……”。用法如下：

1、though，although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用。在口语中，though较常使用，although比 though正式，二者都可与yet, still或never, the less连用，但不能与but连用。例如：

Although/Though he is very old,（yet）he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，身体还很健壮。

值得注意的是，although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。

2、as, though表示“虽然……但是”，“纵使……”之意。as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，though也可用于这样的结构中，但although不可以这样用。例如：

Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress.（=Though he works hard，he makes little progress.）尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。

3、even if，even though 表示“即使……”，“纵使……”之意，含有一种假设。这两个复合连词的意思基本相同。它们常互换使用，但意义有细微差别。even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性，可用来表示与事实相反的假设，但不能用来描述已经发生的事实。而even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的，即说话人肯定了从句的事实，表示已经发生了的事。例如：

We'll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad.即使天气不好，我们也要作一次旅行。

4、whether……or……表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”之意。由这一个复合连词引导的让步状语从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。例如：

You'll have to attend the ceremony whether you're free or busy.不管你忙不忙，都要参加这个典礼.5、“no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……；不管……都……”它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。例如：

No matter what happened, he would not mind.（=Whatever happened，he would not mind.）无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的。

但“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。例如：Whatever（=No matter what）you say，I won't believe you.（Whatever 引导让步状语从句）无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。

I'll eat whatever（≠no matter what）you give me.（whatever引导宾语从句）你给我吃什么，我就吃什么。

（九）比较状语从句知识点总结

比较状语从句一般是指含有比较级的句子中由as或than引起的从句。从某种角度上说，它也是一种方式状语从句，例如：

He moves more slowly than his sister does.他行动起来比他妹妹慢。

He works as hard as his brother（does）.他学习和他哥哥一样努力。

常见考法

对于让步和比较状语从句的考查，多以单选和完形填空的形式，从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。

典型例题：it is very late now, the workers are still working in the factory.A

Although

B As

C When

D If

解析：本题考查让步状语从句的连词的用法。根据句意“尽管现在很晚了，工人们仍然在工厂工作”，前后有转折关系，是让步状语从句。

误区提醒

用though/although, as 引导让步状语从句时，句中不能用but表示转折语气。例如：

不能说：Though he looks weak, but he is healthy.而要说：Though he looks weak, he is healthy.或者说：He looks weak, but he is healthy.典型例题：Though it rained heavily yesterday, he got to school on time.A

but

B /

C and

解析：题干的意思是“尽管昨天下大雨了，他还是按时到达了学校”，前后是转折关系，有同学可能会选A，但hough/although和but不能同时使用，所以选B.答案：B

第三篇：2014中考英语语法知识点总结：宾语从句

2014中考英语语法知识点总结：宾语从句一个句子如果加上宾语从句，句子显然变复杂了，也变的difficult了，其实，你大可不必发愁。只要掌握好宾语从句的用法，一切问题就迎刃而解了。

宾语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出。我们根据引导宾语从句的连词不同，可把宾语从句分为三类。

以that引导的宾语从句。

如：I hear that you have passed the examination.Good luck!

以if 和whether引导的宾语从句。

如：I don't know if you can come tomorrow.以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。

如：Please tell me how you can get here.运用宾语从句要注意以下几点：

宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。

主句的谓语动词的时态如果是过去时态，宾语从句谓语动词的时态要选用相应的过去某一种形式。

如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理，事实时，即使主句是过去式，从句仍用一般现在时。

第四篇：初中英语宾语从句练习题(含答案+免费)

初中宾语从句

1.I don't know __ he will come tomorrow.__ he comes, I'll tell you． A.if;WhetherB.whether;Whether C.if;ThatD.if;If 2.I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.A.when does he come

B.how will he come C.if he comes

D.whether he'll come 3.Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is? A.what B.how C.whether D.where 4.Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?

A.how did he mend

B.what did he mend

C.how he mended

D.what he mended 5.I want to know _________.A.whom is she looking after B.whom she is looking C.whom is she looking D.whom she is looking after 6.Do you know where _________ now? A.he lives

B.does he live

C.he lived

D.did he live 7.Do you know what time _? A.the train leave B.does the train leave Cwill the train leave D.the train leaves 8.I don't know _________.Can you tell me, please? A.how the two players are old B.how old are the two players C.the two players are how old D.how old the two players are 9.The small children don't know _________.A.what is their stockings in

B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in

D.what in their stockings 10.I can't understand _________.A.what does Christmas mean B.what Christmas does mean C.what mean Christmas does D.what Christmas means II.转换句型。

1.Does Mr.Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子）

→Could you tell us _________ Mr.Brown _________ living in China? 2.“Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句）

→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．

3.Jim is not a student.Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）

_________ Jim _________Tom is a student.4.When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）

I want to know _________ the train _________.5.They went home after they had finished their homework.(用not．．．until改写)

They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．

6.Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)

Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.1()1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take()2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone B.had never goneC.has never been D.had never been()3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.A.had B.has.C.will have D.are()4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.A.could she B.she could C.she can D.she may()5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travells D.had travelled

2()1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?A.who B.what C.when D.that()2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where

()3 I hardly understand.___ he has told me.A.that B.what C.which D.who()4 She didn't know___ back soon.A.whether he would be B.if would he be C.he will be()5 I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.A.whether B where C.what D.when()6 Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?A.what B when C why D how()7 He asked me _____told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose

3()1.They don't know ______their parents are.A that B what C why D which()2.Please tell me ______what last year.A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked()3.She asked me if I knew ______.A.whose pen is it B.whose pen it was C.whose pen it is D.whose pen was it()4.You must remember ________.A.what your mother said B.what did your mother say C.your mother said what D.what has your mother said()5 Did you know ____? A.who he was looking after B.who was he looking for C.who he is looking for D.who he is looking after()6 Could you tell me ___?

A.when will they leave BeijingB.when would they leave Beijing C.when they will leave Beijing D.when did they leave Beijing 宾语从句练习：（带详细解析）

1．They want to know __ do to help us.A.what they can B.how they can C.how can they D.what can they 2．His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching.A.didn’t think;was;that

B.thought;was;whether

C.didn’t think;was;×

D.thought;wasn´t;×

3．______ is done cannot be undone.A.How B.That C.What D.Where 4．Take care ______ you don´t make mistakes in the coming exam.A.of that

B.about that

C.for what

D.that

5．To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put.A.which B.where C.the place D.that 6．______ we can´t get seems better than ______ we have.A.what;what

B.what;that

C.that;that

D.that;what 7．______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 8．__ they are most interested in is __ they can produce more and better cars.A.That;how

B.What;how

C.What;what

D.That;that

9．He made a suggestion that the English test _ until next Wednesday.A.will be put off

B.be put off

C.will put off

D.put off 10．I don´t think ______ he said something like that is right.A.that

B.what

C.whether

D.when

定语从句

1． The best work __ Luxun wrote and __ I have read has been made into a film.A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;×

2． It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.A.when B.which C.that D.×

3． Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born? A.at which

B.which

C.in which

D.at where

4． Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born? A.where

B.which

C.in which

D.at which

5． In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help.A.to whom

B.of whom

C.from whom

D.that 6． The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jim´s gold watch and Della´s hair.A．about which

B.of which

C.in which

D.for which 7． Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.A.why B.that C.for which D.what

8． Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where 9． We need the same machine ______ in your factory.A.which is being used

B.as is being used

C.that is being used

D.as it is being used 10．______ the people,not things ______ are most important.A.There are;who

B.Those are;that

C.It is;that

D.It was;who 答案与解析： I.1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD II.1.if／whether;enjoys

2.if／whether;needed

3.Neither;nor

4.when;leaves 5.didn't;until 6.whether;came

1.1-5 A D C B C

2.1-7 C B B A A A C

3.1-6 B D B A A C

名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如： 宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go.主语从句：Where he will go is unknown.表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money.同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game.下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的： 1． whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，（即引导宾语从句时if和whether 可以互换）但以下几种名词从句要用whether（不用if）引导：（1）引导主语从句，且在句首时。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但 It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis).（2）引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job.（3）引导同位语从句时。例：I have no idea whether he will come.（4）介词后的whether从句。例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.2． 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.3． 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…＋ that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用（should）do这样的虚拟语气形式。例如：It is suggested that we(should)improve the relations between us.It is a pity that one(should)stay in one place all one´s life.It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings（缺点）.4． 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because.例如：The reason why he didn´t go to school yesterday is that he was ill.5． 名词从句中that,what用法比较： 引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，无意义，而what是连接代词，what＝the thing(s)that.例如：It was told in yesterday´s newspaper that what the students had done was praised by the factory.I know that he will study.I know what he will study.That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.What he works hard at is known to us all.All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(＝the person that)he used to be.他和以前大不相同了。6． where在名词从句中的使用特点： where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词＋the place where” 形式。例如： 主从：Where(＝The place where)she has gone is still unknown.宾从：Would you please tell me where(＝the place where)Mr Smith lives? 表从：Your dictionary remains where(＝in/at the place where)you put.同位从：Have you any idea where(＝of the place where)she is spending her holidays? 7． 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序。例如： I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序（即“主＋谓＋（宾）”或“主＋系＋表”结构），将其变为间接引语（即宾语从句）时，无需改变语序。例如： What´s the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him.Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather.名词从句考点分析

1．They want to know ______ do to help us.(NMET)A.what they can B.how they can C.how can they D.what can they 析：此题要选陈述语序项，故应排除C、D。又因how they can do不完整，do后无宾 语，故也应排除，只有A项既是陈

述语序，且what they can do完整正确地表达出“他 们能做些什么”这一意思，故答案为A。

2．His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching.A.didn’t think;was;that B.thought;was;whether C.didn’t think;was;× D.thought;wasn´t;× 析：观察题目，可知think后跟有and连接的两个并列宾语从句，这时前一个宾语从句 的引导语that可以省略，但引导后一宾语从句的that不可省略，据此，可排除C、D 两个选项。若选B项，全句意思不通，而选择A项可表达“他的老师认为他不聪明，不 值得教”这一意思，且语法结构无误，故可定A是正确答案。

3．______ is done cannot be undone.A.How B.That C.What D.Where 析：do一般作及物动词使用，从题干看，需选一词作主语（逻辑上是done的宾语）。而A.How,D.Where均是副词，不能作主语，故应排除。B项that一词只能在定语从句 中作主语，不能在主语从句中作主语，也应排除。只有选what(＝the thing that),才 能正确表述“凡是做的不可不做”这一意思。

4．Take care ______ you don´t make mistakes in the coming exam.A.of that B.about that C.for what D.that 析：take care是“注意”、“当心”意，后面可跟that引导的宾语从句来表达“当心 不要…”意思，据此，该题应选D。

5．To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put.A.which B.where C.the place D.that 析：观察题干，was not后是表语，根据where在表语从句中相当于in/at the place where, 将其置于空白处则可表达“伞不在他当初放的地方”这一意思，而C选项缺少词，不可 选。A、D项皆不合用。

6．______ we can´t get seems better than ______ we have.A.what;what B.what;that C.that;that D.that;what 析：此题显然是要表达“我们得不到的东西似乎比我们得到的东西好。”这一意思，即 “A seems better that B”结构，根据what＝the thing(s)that这一特点，将其置 于两空白处正好可以表达出前者比后者好这一意思，故答案为A。

7．______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 析：此题depends前的主语从句是一个不肯定的内容，在句首表“是否”意时，只能用 Whether,不可用If。故答案为B。

8．______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better cars.A.That;how B.What;how C.What;what D.That;that 析：is前面是一个主语从句，要表达“他们最感兴趣的（东西）”这一意思，只能选what 填入空白;is是表语从句，显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”，故 答案为B。

9．He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off 析：suggestion,order,apce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用（should）do的形式，且 该句中test与put off为被动关系，故选B。

10．I don´t think ______ he said something like that is right.A.that B.what C.whether D.when 析：此句think后是一宾语从句，这个宾语从句的主语在is之前，它是一个被动句。因为he said something like that已经含有主、谓、宾、状等成分，只有选不表意义，不做成分的that才合适，故选A。

定语从句

一、定语从句与引导词 定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。1． 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose 作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.例如： The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)That is the person(whom/who/that)you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定 语从句中作宾语，可省略)I´m not the fool(that)you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语)A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that)tells us the meaning of words(which 或that代物，在定从中作主语)2． 关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。例如：Would you suggest a time(when)we can have a talk?(when可省略)The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：We´ll visit the factory which(＝that)makes radios.(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用)They still remember the happy days(which/that)they spent in Beidaihe.(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用)

二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代 词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Ping´s father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。)

He is good at physics, as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)

三、只用that引导和不用that引导的场合 1． 只

用that引导和不用that引导的场合 1）当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted him.2）指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./That´s the only watch that I like most.3）指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.4）先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need? 5）先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him? 2． 不用that的场合如下： 1）非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March.2）介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news 3）句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.四、“介词＋关系代词”用法 1． 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)2． 介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配），例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)3． 当关系代词作“动词＋介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which you´re looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.五、几个名词后的引导词 1.situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word?

2.way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how)he worked out the problem?

3.“the same＋名词”，“such＋名词”，“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.定语从句考点分析

定语从句答案与详细解析

1． The best work __ Luxun wrote and __ I have read has been made into a film.A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;× 析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。

2． It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship..A.when B.which C.that D.×

析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was＋强调部分＋that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故A。

3． Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born? A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where 析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？”这一意思，故答案为C。

4． Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born? A.where B.which C.in which D.at which 析：将此句变为陈述句；This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(＝the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。

5． In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help.A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that 析：“介词＋关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故 应选A。

6． The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jim´s gold watch and Della´s hair.A．about which B.of which C.in which D.for which 解析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。

7． Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.A.why B.that C.for which D.what 析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。8． Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where

析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(＝in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。

9． We need the same machine ______ in your factory.A.which is being used B.as is being used C.that is being used D.as it is being used 析：根据“the same＋先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。

10． ______ the people,not things ______ are most important.A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who 析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调 句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is(或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It

is…that” 三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选 C是对的。

advice与suggestion是名词，都表示”建议、意见“的意思。两者的最大区别在于advice是不可数名词，表示”一条建议“用a piece of advice,”一些建议“是some advice；而suggestion则是可数名词，表示”一条建议“用a suggestion，”一些建议“是some suggestions, ”许多建议“是many suggestions。[解题过程]advise与suggest表示动作，是”向……建议"的意思：1.两者的区别是：advise后面加somebody(not)to do...,而suggest后面必须加somebody(或者somebody's)doing...，当然两者都可以接宾语从句，注意宾语从句的动词形式必须是(should)(not)do...。如下面三个句子a.I advise my father to stop smoking.b.I suggest my father(father's)stopping smoking.c.I advise/suggest(that)my father(should)stop smoking.2.advise与suggest的另一个区别是：可以说suggest something to somebody，而advise一般不能接something作宾语。

第五篇：初中英语知识点总结：定语从句

利志教育——初中英语知识点总结：定语从句

知识点总结

要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where,when, why,how等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

(1)Is he the man who/that wants to seeyou? 他是那个想见你的男人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

(2)He is the man whom/ that I sawyesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

(3)The man whom you spoke to just now isour English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师

(4)he man whose son is a doctor is ourprofessor.那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

2、由which, that引导的从句

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

(1)Prosperity which / that had never beenseen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

(2)The package(which / that)you arecarrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语）

注意： 代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：

a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时；

b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略； c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时；

d)先行词中既有人又有物时；

e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时；

f)当先行词为物并作表语时；

g)先行词为one时；

h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时；

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用

I still remember the day when Ifirst came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语

Shanghai is the city where I wasborn.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.常见考法

对于定语从句的考查，多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下，常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查，重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句。典型例题：You'rethe only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who B.whom C.whom D.who 解析：先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who coulddo it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.答案：D 误区提醒

当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时，要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词，反之用关系代词。

典型例题：I cannever forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spenttogether.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 解析：.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.答案：A