下载文档第一篇：高中英语书面表达讲解与训练
高中英语书面表达讲解与训练
——如何写好书信
云南省腾冲县第六中学 <679114>许叁华
书面表达是英语学习听、说、读、写过程中不可或缺的部分，主要是考查学生是否能够运用所学过的英语知识和掌握的技巧进行思想交流，也就是说该题主要测试学生交际能力和语言综合运用能力。
高中英语试题中书面表达与语文命题不同，它是一种指导式作文，在一定程度上限定学生的表达思路，不允许学生自行立意，漫无边际地发挥；而且对考生的写作范围也做出了比较明确的限定。但试题中任然会具有一定的开放性，给学生留出了一定的自由发挥的空间，有利于学生充分展示自己的英语书面表达能力。纵观历年高考英语书面表达（全国卷I），命题思路变化不大，多采用的是应用文的考查形式，是提纲类作文，体现了高考命题的稳定性，其中又以书信（或e-mail）的形式最为常见。
一、如何写好书信：
（一）、尽管高考试题中已给出了书信的基本格式，但考生应熟掌握书信写作要求。
1、书信(Letter)一般可分为事务信件或公函(Business Letter or Offical Correspondence)以及私人信件Private Letter)两大类。一般包括以下几个要点：
1）收信人的姓名和地址；
2）寄信人的姓名及其与收信人的关系；
3）寄信人的地址（有时可以省略）；
4）写信的时间；
5）信的内容。
2、书信的格式
1）信头(Heading)；
2）称呼(Salutation)；
3）正文(Body of the letter)；
4）结束语(Complimentary close)；
5）签名(signature)。
（二）、认真审题，确定篇章结构或提纲，主要涉及具体内容。
1、根据写作的对象，写出必要的客套用语（一句话就够用了，从这句话可以看出你是给人写信还是写回信）。
2、根据情况，写出写信的意图或目的。
3、根据题目要求（判断出是议论文，说明文还是其它文体），并按某种文体写主体内容（注意：题目如果给了开头，那么你要写的内容应该和前面讲的某种文体模式是一样的）。
（三)、再读细节，确定人称（多以第一人称为主，有时会穿插使用到其它人称）、时态、主要情节、句式等。尤其要考虑动词的搭配（动词与名词的搭配，动词与介词、副词的搭配），（例如：give a talk, give in, give up），相关同义或词组（如：put on, have on, dress sb/ oneself, be dressed in, be in, pull on, fit on）。
（四）、成文（100—120词），10句话左右，囊括要点，按篇章要求组织语篇。
（五）、润色，注意措辞，复杂句式及承上启下的自然衔接，校对细节。
二、书信写作常用语句
英语书信类语言要根据书信的内容和功能来确定，常用的一些客套语言表达方式有：
1.感谢信常用句型：I am grateful to you for„;I take this opportunity to express to1
you my deep appreciation for„；It is kind and generous of you to do this for me and I do appreciate it more than I can say.2.致歉信常用句型：I must apologize to you for„;I regret to inform you that I am unable to do„
3.邀请信常用句型有：I am pleased to invite you to attend„;I am sure that you will enjoy yourself here;We look forward to seeing you.4.求职信常用句型有：I wish to apply for a position of which you advertised in today’s newspaper.;I have learned from a friend that your company is looking for a„；I shall be glad to provide you with any further information concerning my education and personal experience.5.信件开头常用语：
1）、I was delighted to receive your letter.我很高兴收到你的来信。
2）、Your letter came to me this morning.我今天上午收到了你的来信。
3)、It was a great pleasure to learn that you’ve been elected president of the Student Union , and I would like to express my warmest congratulations.听说你当选学生会主席，我非常高兴并向你表示最热烈的祝贺。
4)、I have received your letter of July the 29th.我已经收到了你7月29号的来信。
5）、I’m writing to you about the lecture to be given next Monday.我给你写信是想打听下星期一讲座的事。
6）、I’m writing to ask if you can come next week.我给你写信是想问你下个星期能不能来？
7）、How time flies!It’s three months since I saw you last.光阴似箭，我们已经三个月没见面了。
8）、Thank you for your letter.谢谢你给我写信。
9）、In reply to your letter about the exhibition this year „
现在回答你上封信当中关于今年的展览事宜„„
10）、Let me tell you that „ 让我告诉你„„
6.信件结尾常用语
1）、Tom joins me in sending all good wishes to you and your family.我和汤姆祝福你们全家。
3）、I imagine we’ll see you again , so I’ll end for now.我想我们很快就会见面的，就写到这儿吧。
4）、Please remember me to your whole family.请代我向你全家问好。
5）、Give my best regards（wishes）to your mother.请代我向你妈妈致意。
6）、Best wishes.致以最良好的祝愿。
7）、With love 爱你的8）、Wish you a pleasant journey.祝你旅途愉快。
9)、Wish you success.祝你成功。
10)、Wish you the best of health（luck）祝你健康（好运）。
11）、Looking forward to your next visit to China.欢迎您下次再来中国。
12）、Expecting to hear from you as soon as possible.希望能尽快收到你的来信。
三、典型例文（202_全国卷Ⅰ）假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛（speech contest），希望附近某大学的外籍教师 Smith 女士来做评委。请参照以下比赛通知给她写一封信。英语演讲比赛
主题：人与自然
时间：6月15日下午2:00-5:00
地点：501教室
参赛选手：10名学生
联系人：李华（电话 44876655）
欢迎大家光临
注意：词数100左右。
Dear Ms.Smith,_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
With best wishes,Lihua
写作提示
1.确定文章体裁、格式、结构及常用时态。书信以应用文形式出现，时态以一般现在时或一般将来时为主，人称以第一人称为主。
2.依据题目列出内容要点、分清文章层次。
内容要点：
1）.自我介绍2）.邀请做评委3）.演讲主题
4）.比赛时间5）.参赛选手6）.联系方式
3.只写与要求一致的内容，文章层次应结合问题特点来安排。在确定内容时，应使用自己最熟悉的英语词汇或句型来表述。
4、遣词造句及连句成篇：提示学生注意谋篇布局和选择恰当的连接词和过渡语。在行文的整体性上，要合理使用到一些连接词或短语或结构，比如：you’d better„;I think„;I suggest that„.;first / at first / first of all„;secondly;then;as a matter of fact„;generally speaking;I wish„/I hope„etc.参考范文：
Dear Ms.Smith,I'm Li Hua, a chairman of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university.I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15.It will start at 2:00 pm in Room 501 and last for about three hours.Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”.We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.I am looking forward to your reply.With best wishes,Yours
Li Hua
四．即时练习（202_年全国卷Ⅰ）
假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫（panda）,一直通过有关网站(website)关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信：
1.自我介绍；2.祝贺苏琳生日；3.感谢工作人员；4.索取苏琳三岁生日照。
注意：
1、词数100左右；
2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3、开头语已为你写好。Dear Sir/Madam,Greetings from China!
__________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,Li Hua
写作提示
1.确定文章体裁、格式、结构及常用时态。书信以应用文形式出现，时态以一般现在时或一般将来时为主，人称以第一人称为主。
2.依据题目列出内容要点、分清文章层次。
1).自我介绍2).信息来源3).祝贺生日4).感谢照顾5).索取照片6).合适的结尾
3.只写与要求一致的内容，文章层次应结合问题特点来安排。在确定内容时，应使用自己最熟悉的英语词汇或句型来表述。
练习及讲评
1.叫学生按要点写出关键词；2.让学生造句子；3.让学生发表意见；4.老师点评。
参考范文
Dear Sir/ Madam,Greetings from China!
I’m Li Hua, a student in Sichuan.I’ve been a panda lover since I was a child.About three years ago I was delighted to learn that Baiyun gave birth to her daughter Sulin and I’ve been watching her grow on your website.Now she’s going to be three.I’d like to wish her a happy birthday and to express my thanks to you for your hard work, because of which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life in the US.By the way, could I have a photo of Sulin taken on her third birthday? Thank you very much in advance.Yours truly,Li Hua
总之，写作是对学生综合知识运用能力的考查，只有拥有了牢固的基础知识，并不断练习才能写出好的文章。
第二篇：高中英语书面表达[精华版]
高中英语书面表达精华版
1、（1）Our English Teacher（我的英语老师）We have a good English teacher whose name is Bruce.He comes from Britain and he is about forty years old.He is a tall and thin person, wearing a pair of glasses which makes him more like a gentleman.He is strict with us.He often makes full preparations for his class and corrects our homework carefully.His teaching style is very unique, because he is used to encouraging all of us to think by ourselves and study on our own.The relationship between Bruce and us is harmonious.He is so kind and friendly that every student likes him and respects him deeply.Our teacher is so excellent that we all love him very much.（2）Our English teacher, Bruce, is from Britain.He is forty years old or so.He is a tall and thin man, wearing a pair of glasses.Bruce is very strict with us.He always makes full preparations for his classes and corrects our homework carefully.His teaching style is quite different from that of other teachers.He always encourages all of us to think by ourselves and learn on our own.Now our ability to study independently has been greatly improved.Bruce has been getting along very well with all of us.He is so kind and friendly to us that we all love him and respect him deeply.2、Getting Up Early Is a Good Habit 以“早起是好习惯”为题写一篇议论文。
1.早起与健康；
2.早起与朗读；
3.早起与一天的工作。
Getting Up Early Is a Good Habit Getting up early is a good habit.It is of great importance to us all.First it helps to keep us healthy.If we can get up early，we can breathe fresh air，and do morning exercise，which builds our bodies.Second，it helps us to memorize what we have learned in class by reading aloud in the morning.Third，it can help us to find enough time to prepare our work of the day.In one word，if we form the good habit of getting up early every day，It will do us a lot of good.3、The Most Important Thing in the World Directions：
A）Title：The Most Important Thing in the World B）提示：有人认为，世界上最重要的东西是“钱”。许多人不同意这个看法。
请就这个问题谈谈你的意见。
The Most Important Thing in the World
In my opinion，the most important thing in the world is TIME.However long one may live，his life consists of a certain number of years，and a year has only12months，a month30days and one day24hours.Once you waste one hour，you can not get it back no matter how much you would pay for it.Even though you are the richest person in the world，you can not afford to waste your time，because it means that you are wasting your life.Even though you are the most powerful person in the world，one hour has60minutes for you just as for everyone else who struggles at the bottom of the society.Some people think that the most important thing in the world is money.In their opinion，if you have enough money，you will have everything you want.I would like to ask them a simple question：Can you buy time？
The only thing with which we can win more time is efficiency.If you work with high efficiency，you can do more in a certain period of time than other people.4、Walking is good to peoples health(步行有益健康)题目要求：写一篇 100 ～ 120 字的短文。说明步行有益健康。（内容自选）
范文：
Walking is good to people's health
As everyone knows，either fast walk or slow walk does good to the muscles（肌肉）and lungs of human.So people walk to build up their body，or to lose weight.But only some of them know that taking a walk every day is also good for protecting man's heart.Heart attack has become the first disease in the world because most people suffer from it.Taking a walk can improve the blood supply to our heart.If you try to walk as often as possible，you'll have a healthier heart.5、How to Make Friends(如何交朋友)How to Make Friends Everyone needs friends.A friend can give us help and share our difficulties and happiness.But how can we make friends?
First, to make friends, you must be friendly to others.Smile at others and you are sure to get a smile in return.You should try to make a stranger feel at home wherever he happens to be.Think more of others than of yourself and never judge a person by his appearance and clothes.Second, friends should negotiate instead of quarrel.When you don't agree someone, please discuss with him.Finally, never believe in those who leave you when you are in trouble.And never leave your friend when he is in trouble.Remember, a friend in need is a friend indeed.Friends should be faithful to each other.So long as you can put your friend's interests in front of yours, you will have a lot of good friends.(162 words)
5、It is good to keep a diary in English(谈谈写英语日记的好处)题目要求：自拟题目写一篇 100 ～ 120 字的短文，谈谈写英语日记的好处。It is good to keep a diary in English
Keeping a diary in English does a great deal of good to my English study.Keeping a diary can help you review all the English knowledge you have learned.For example，you must know the correct spelling of each word needed in the diary； you must use the phrases correctly and choose the suitable sentence patterns，meanwhile，it is also necessary to use you knowledge of grammar in a correct way.Keeping a diary can help you not only to console your knowledge of English，but to form the habit of thinking in English.Practice makes perfect.By and by，your English writing will be greatly improved.Smoking and Health 6、4 月 7 日是世界禁烟日，为配合世界禁烟日活动，请根据下列提示，用英文写一篇 120 词左右的短文，以便刊登在“ CHINA DAILY ”上。
据报道，世界上有四分之一的人吸烟，而中国 15 岁以上的人，有 33.9% 的吸烟。不仅老人、青年抽，中学生也抽。
许多酗烟者明知吸烟有害于健康，但他们一次又一次的戒烟，就是戒不掉。
科学研究表明，吸烟不仅对吸烟者有害，而且对公众健康特别是对妇女、儿童健康危害更大。烟中的毒气是多种疾病的致病原因。现在许多国家禁止在影院、医院、车站等公共场所吸烟。
Smoking and Health
Today cigarette smoking is a widespread habit all over the world.It was reported recently that smokers make up one quarter of the world population，while in China，33.9 precent above the age of 15 are smokers.It's a very serious problem because not only the old，the youth，but also middle school students and girls have been engaged in smoking.Many heavy smokers say they cannot leave off，although they know smoking is harmful to their health and they have tried again and again to stop.Scientific research shows that smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves，but also a threat to public health，especially to women and children.The poisonous gas from smoking is one of the major causes of many kinds of diseases.Therefore，many countries have worked out laws forbidding smokers to smoke in public places such as cinemas，hospitals and stations.7、体育运动能使我们身体健康
体育运动能使我们身体健康，工作学习精力充沛。大家都喜欢运动，但许多人不知如何正确锻炼，有时甚至出错。
你很幸运，上学后得到体育老师的正确指导，运动起来相当愉快，所以身体健康。你一年中几乎天天游泳，你还喜欢其他运动，并计划在今年秋季中学运动会上参加几个项目的比赛。
请根据以上内容用英语写一篇 80~120 词的短文，不要逐字翻译。
Sports keep us fit land fresh.Everybody likes to do one kind or another.But not all people know how to do them correctly and sometimes the advice we got may be wrong.I'm lucky，for since my first day at school I have always had a good teacher of physical education.I have always been very strong.I go swimming almost every day all the year round，of course I like many other sports too.I am thinking of taking part in a few items at the school sports meeting this autumn.8、Great Changes in My Hometown(家乡的变化)Great Changes in My Hometown
I used to live in a small town with trees all around.There was no tall building and the only street was narrow.Just outside the town，there was a river.You can see different kinds of fish swimming in the clear water.People here lived a simple life.Great changes have taken place here.You can see tall buildings，big department stores and factories everywhere.Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the big streets.But with the development of the industry，we have fewer trees.Air and water pollution is becoming more and more serious.We must do something to stop pollution and make our town even more beautiful
9、The Sport I like Best
请以 The Sport I like Best 为题，写一篇 120 个词左右的议论文。
提示：
1.乒乓球不仅是一种运动而且是一门艺术。
2.有人认为打乒乓球不用花力气，我却不以为然„„
3.你经常发现球快速运动，运动员的动作很美。
4.虽然我打乒乓球不是很好，但对此颇感兴感。它能使我们强身健体，学会合作。
The Sport I like Best
Of all the sports，I like table-tennis best.I think it is not only a sport but also an art，because it is a game that needs strength and skill.Some people think that playing table-tennis needs little strength，but I don't think so.In playing table-tennis，we should judge the direction of the ball，and hit it back with great strength
so that we can win the game.At the same time we need to pick up the ball which falls to the ground.So after one game you will be very tired if you have tried your best.But，as a sport，I think it is more like an art.In the game，you can often find the ball moving quickly，and each of the players' movements is very beautiful.So I like the sport very much.Though I can't play it very well，I still show great interest in it.I think playing table-tennis can build our bodies，keep us healthy and train our brains.What's more，it an help us to learn to co-operate with each other.So I like it very much.10、Why we learn English(我们为什么学习英语)Why we learn English
The English language has become an international language because it is used by people in the most countries in the world now.In the open times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must English because most of them speak and write in English, English is one of the working languages at international meetings，Today, most of valuable books are written inEnglish, If you know mush English, you will read newspapers and magazines in English and learn a lot of knowledge about interaction better.You also can do What you should do for the world peace.English is very important to us, but many students don't know why;hey should learn it.I hope that all the students should pay more attention to English study and use it freely.(133 words)
11、On the Internet 在日常生活中，因特网起着越来越重要的作用。请根据下表所给提示为某英文报写一篇题为On the Internet的征文稿。因特网的主要用途信息 看国内外新闻、获取其他信息通讯 发e-mail、打电话学习上网上学校、阅读各种书籍、自学外语娱乐 欣赏音乐、观看体育比赛、玩棋牌游戏生活 购物注意： 1.征文稿必须包括表内所有信息，行文连贯通顺； 2.词数100－120词； 3.标题已给出，不计入总词数。On the Internet The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life.（2分）On the net, we can learn news both at home and abroad and all kinds of other information as well.（4分）We can also send messages by e-mail, make phone calls（4分）, go to net school, read various kinds of books and learn foreign languages by ourselves.（4分）Besides, we can enjoy music, watch sports matches and play chess or cards.（4分）On the net, we can even do shopping, have a chat with others and make friends with them.（4分）In a word, the internet has made our life more colorful.12、城市生活的利与弊
某英文报社准备刊发一篇题为Living in the city的有关城市生活的利和弊的
文章，根据下面提示，写一篇词数为100左右的短文。Advantages Disadvantages 找工作容易生活消费高 交通便利 人口多，拥挤 有公园、饭店等休闲场所 空气污染、居住环境差要求：1．覆盖以上内容，可作适当发挥。2．词数100左右。Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages.It is often easier to find work.There are always many choices of public transport.Besides, there are a lot of interesting things to do and places to see.You can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, go to cinemas and go to parks whenever you want to relax.However, living in a city is often very expensive.You must find a well-paid job, otherwise, you will not be able to afford the things you will do.What's more, the city is always crowded, noisy and dirty.It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy peace and fresh air as in the countryside.13、关于学生看电视问题
你校课外活动小组将举行一次英语讨论会，讨论关于学生看电视的问题。请你用英语写一发言稿，谈谈你的看法，如看电视获取信息便捷，可以了解世界、学习知识，但看多了影响视力，耽误学习等。词数：100左右 开头已给出，不计入总词数。Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please? I’m going to talk something about students watching TV.As we know, TV plays an important part in our daily life.It’s quicker and more convenient to get information from TV than from newspapers.Providing us with lively and interesting moving pictures, TV enables us not only to see what is happening in the world but to learn many things, including foreign languages.So it is not reasonable to forbid students to watch TV.But watching TV too long is not good.Sitting in front of TV all day does harm to our eyes and wastes our time for study.So we should take a correct attitude to students watching TV.Thank you for your listening.14、No Breakfast No Good(不吃早餐不好)
Now a lot of students go to school in a hurry so that they have no time to have breakfast.But not having breakfast will do harm to their health and their study.Having no breakfast will throw the normal work of our digestive system into confusion.As a result, it will do harm to our health.And at our age it is high time for us to grow up.So our bodies are in great need of energy.If we don't have breakfast,there will be not enough energy to supply.This may stunt our growth.What's more, it is a long period between breakfast and lunch.Breakfast provides us with the energy needed for the class.Without breakfast we cannot get along well with our classes.So for the sake of our health and our study, we must have breakfast.15、Getting up Early ts a Good Habit
Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times.Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be vigorous the whole day.In fact, spring is the best season of a year;morning is the best time of a day.In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions.Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than at any other time of the day.If we do some exercises or only take a short walk in the morning, we will be full of energy the whole day.Also we will have enough time to prepare our work of the day if we get up early.In short, getting up early can do us a lot of good.Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it.We will certainly benefit a lot from it.16、运动对我们的健康有益(sports exercise health)Sports help everyone to keep healthy, happy, and efficient.So I pay special attention to games, especially table-tennis.Table tennis is my favorite game.I play it almost every day.Table-tennis is an ideal game us because it brings the whole body into action.It strengthens our muscles, expands our lungs, promotes the circulation of the blood, and causes a healthy action of the skin.Besides, it is very amusing and does not cost us much money.Table-tennis is very moderate.it is not so rough as football.It is an indoor game and can be played even on rainy days.Thus, it is my favorite kind of exercise.17、Should Students Make Friends On Line? Should students make friends on line?
Some people say yes.The Internet helps make many friends.Chatting on line, students can express their feelings and opinions more freely, and even get help with their foreign language studies.Others, however, think students should not.They say making friends on line is a waste of time, which should be spent more meaningfully on study.Besides, some students, get cheated on line.It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other, things.As for friendship, we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.18、如何向网友介绍自己？ Dear Tony，I am Li Hua, a boy of 16 from China.I know you want to make an e-pal with a Chinese on the Internet.I want to be your friend and wish to know more about the culture of the USA.I’m a sociable and supportive person who likes talking with people and helping with their problems.I’m good at English and I think we can communicate with each other by sending e-mails or chatting on the Internet.I like table tennis, enjoy singing and I’m crazy about popular music.At the same time, I like traveling around in my spare time.I hope you can come to visit China, and I’ll show you around many places of interest.I’m looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Hua
第三篇：高中英语书面表达--书信作文
高中英语满分书信作文模板——投诉信1 Dear ______, ①I am ______（自我介绍）.②I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about.③The reason for my dissatisfaction is ______（总体介绍）.④In the first place, ______（抱怨的第一个方面）.⑤In addition, ______（抱怨的第二个方面）.⑥Under these circumstances, I find it ______（感觉）to______（抱怨的方面给你带来的后果）.⑦I appreciate it very much if you could ______（提出建议和请求）, preferably ______（进一步的要求）, and I would like to have this matter settled by ______（设定解决事情最后期限）.⑧Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.高中英语满分书信作文模板——建议信
Dear ______, ①You have asked me for my advice with regard to ______ , and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.②In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions: ______（建议的内容）.③I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.Yours sincerely, 高中英语满分书信作文模板——请求信 Dear ______ , ①I am writing to formally request to ______（请求的内容）.②The reason for ______is that ______（给出原因）.③I ______ , so I ______（给出细节）.④I would also like to request ______（提出进一步的要求）.⑤I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.⑥Thank you for your attention to these requests.⑦If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at ______（电话号码）.⑧I look forward to a favorable reply.Yours sincerely, Li Ming Dear Sir or Madam, ①I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in ______（报纸名称）of ______（广告发布时间）.②Not only do I have the qualifications for this job, but I also have the right personality for a ______（工作名称）.③In the one hand, ______（第一个原因）.④On the other hand, ______（另一个原因）.⑤Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful.⑥If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at ______（电话号码）.⑦Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely，（求职信）
Li Ming 高中英语满分书信作文模板——邀请信 Dear ______ , ①There will be a ______（内容）at/in ______（地点）on ______（时间）.②We would be honored to have you there with us.③The occasion will start at ______（具体时间）.④This will be followed by a ______（进一步的安排）.⑤At around ______（时间）, ______（另一个安排）.⑥I really hope you can make it.⑦RSVP before ______（通知你的最后期限）.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 高中英语满分书信作文模板——道歉信 Dear ______, ①I am truly sorry that ______（道歉的原因）.②The reason is that ______（介绍原因）.③Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.④Hope you can accept my appologieze and understand my situation.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
Li Ming 高中英语满分书信作文模板——感谢信
模板一：
Dear _________(收信人)
I am writing to express my sincere thanks for __________(感谢的原因).If it had not been for your assistance in ___________(对方给你的具体帮助)，I fear that I would have been _______(没有对方帮助时的后果)。
Everyone agrees that it was you who __________(具体帮助的细节)。Again，I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
模板二：
Dear ________(收信人)，I am now writing these few lines to express my sincere thanks for ________（感谢的原因）.I‟d like you to know how much your __________(对方的帮助)meant to me.I not only enjoyed __________(具体细节)，but also __________（具体细节）
I repeat my thanks again for your _________(感谢原因).Please give my kind regards to your _______(问候对象).Yours truly
Li Ming
模板三： Dear
______ , ①I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for ______（感谢的原因）.②If it had not been for your assistance in ______（对方给予的具体帮助）, I fear that I would have been ______（没有对方帮助时的后果）.③Every one agrees that it was you who ______（给出细节）.④Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 高中英语满分书信作文模板——询问信 Dear ______ , ①I am ______（自我介绍）.②I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding ______（要询问的内容）.③First of all, what are ______（第一个问题）? ④Secondly, when will ______（第二个问题）? ⑤Thirdly, is ______（第三个问题）? ⑥I would also like to inquire ______（将最重要的问题单独成段）.⑦Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects? ⑧Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 高中英语满分书信作文模板——推荐信（求职/求学）Dear ______ , ①It affords me much pleasure to recommend ______（要推荐的人）to you.② During his/her graduate years he/she was my ______.③As his/her ______ I found him/her ______（介绍与此人的关系）.④His/Her performance in the school years was outstanding.⑤First, he/she had been and showed great talents in ______.⑥In addition, he/she has a very pleasant personality.⑦He has developed a strong sense of ______, and working with him is always.⑧I can state that he/she has all the qualities of being ______.（介绍此人的能力）
⑨Therefore, I here recommend him/her to you with all my heart.⑩Should you favor him/her with a position in your company/Should you accept him/her in your university？I am sure that his/her future conduct/academic work will prove worthy of your confidence.I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.Yours sincerely, 高中英语满分书信作文模板——祝贺信 Dear ______ , ①I have learned with delight that you ______（祝贺事由）.②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on ______.③You must be ______.④And I feel very happy for you.⑤ ______（所取得的成绩）is quite exciting news!⑥I know this is surely owing to ______（被祝贺人过去的努力）.⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your ______（被祝贺人的优点）.⑧Kindly let me know when you ______（咨询对方何时有空）.⑨I hope ______（表达自己的愿望）.⑩My best wishes for your further success.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 开头句
论述的展开提出观点：
◆No one would deny that…… 没有人会否认......◆Now it is widely believed that…… 现在人们普遍认为，......◆When it comes to……, some think…… 当涉及到......，有些人认为......◆There is a public debate today that...有今天的公开辩论......◆A is a common way of……, but is it a wise one? A是一种常见的方式......，但它是一个明智的吗？
◆Recently the problem has been brought into focus that+同位语从句…… 最近带来的问题已经成为关注的焦点+同位语从句......◆Different people hold different opinions.不同的人持有不同意见。◆Opinions are pided.意见分歧。
◆People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards …… 人已经采取/采取了不同的的态度对......◆With the rapid improvement in……/growing awareness of……，more and more……
随着迅速改善....../意识不断增强......，越来越多......（e.g.：With the rapid improvement in building industry，more and more structures are being erected to set the people„s minds at ease.）
（在建筑行业的迅速改善，越来越多的结构正在架设，设置放心人心。）
◆ Recently，sth'/the problem of……has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern……
近日，一些事情/问题......一直颇受关注/已成为市民关注的焦点...（e。g。Recently，the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments worldwide are committed to finding useful solutions.）（最近，失业问题已带来了这种颇受关注，世界各国政府都致力于找到有用的解决方案）
◆ In the past few years，there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in……
在过去几年中，一直存在着繁荣/急剧增长/下降了...（e。g。In the past ten years，there has been a sharp decline in the number of species。）在过去十年中，一直在物种的数量急剧下降。）
◆ Nowadays，more/most important/dangerous for our society is……
如今，越来越//我们的社会最重要的危险.....（e。g。Nowadays，most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles。）
如今，为我们的社会最危险的倾向照顾彼此在政界的优势。）
◆Now there is a growing awareness that+同位语从句...现在有越来越清楚地认识到，+同位语从句......◆It is time we explore the truth of...这是我们探索真理的......进一步提出观点：
Li Ming
◆…of them hold the opinion that ….（不同观点）
◆…of them are in favor of the idea that…（不同观点）
◆People who are for/against the idea think …（不同观点）
◆However, each coin has two sides.（不同观点）
◆Different from those…., …people think ….（不同观点）
◆On the other hand, … people object that（有些人反对道…）.（不同观点）
◆A is but one of the many effects.Another is...◆ Besides, other reasons are...提出假想例子的方式：
◆Suppose that...◆Just imagine what would be like if...◆It is reasonable to expect...◆ It is not surprising that...举普通例子：
◆For example(instance),...◆...such as A,B,C and so on(so forth)
◆We can take something for example.◆A particular example for this is...引用：
◆One of the greatest early writers said...◆Knowledge is power, such is the remark of...◆As somebody once put it, “…”
◆.......How often we hear such words like these.提出原因：
◆There are many reasons for...◆Why....? For one thing,...;for another thing,…
◆The answer to this problem involves many factors.◆Most people would agree that...◆Some people may neglect that in fact...◆Others suggest that...◆ Part of the explanation is...进行对比： ◆The advantages for A outweigh the disadvantages of...◆Although A enjoys a distinct advantage...◆Indeed , A has more advantages than B when sth is concerned.◆ A maybe..., but it has the disadvantage that...承上启下：
◆To understand the truth of..., it is also important to see...◆A study of...will make this point clear 让步：
◆Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...◆ I do not deny that A has its own merits.结尾：
◆From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that...◆In summary, it is wiser of somebody to do something
◆In short...注（图表型）
◆According to the information given in the table/graph,we can find that。。
◆As can be seen from the table/graph/figure，there is an obvious and rapid increase /decrease/decline/favorable（an unfavorable）change in。。
◆ As we can see from the table/graph/form /figure above, great changes have taken place in。。over the period of time from。。（年份）to。。（年份）
◆ The table/graph shows that there is a（n）declining/increasing trend of。。from。。（年份）to。。（年份）
◆ Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that。。
第四篇：高中英语书面表达--书信作文
高中英语满分作文模板
一.书信体 投诉信
Dear ______, ①I am ______（自我介绍）.②I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about.③The reason for my dissatisfaction is ______（总体介绍）.④In the first place, ______（抱怨的第一个方面）.⑤In addition, ______（抱怨的第二个方面）.⑥Under these circumstances, I find it ______（感觉）to______（抱怨的方面给你带来的后果）.⑦I appreciate it very much if you could ______（提出建议和请求）, preferably ______（进一步的要求）, and I would like to have this matter settled by ______（设定解决事情最后期限）.⑧Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.建议信
Dear ______, ①You have asked me for my advice with regard to ______ , and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.②In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions: ______（建议的内容）.③I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.Yours sincerely, 请求信 Dear ______ , ①I am writing to formally request to ______（请求的内容）.②The reason for ______is that ______（给出原因）.③I ______ , so I ______（给出细节）.④I would also like to request ______（提出进一步的要求）.⑤I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.⑥Thank you for your attention to these requests.⑦If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at ______（电话号码）.⑧I look forward to a favorable reply.Yours sincerely, Li Ming Dear Sir or Madam, ①I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in ______（报纸名称）of ______（广告发布时间）.②Not only do I have the qualifications for this job, but I also have the right personality for a ______（工作名称）.③In the one hand, ______（第一个原因）.④On the other hand, ______（另一个原因）.⑤Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful.⑥If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at ______（电话号码）.⑦Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely，（求职信）
Li Ming 邀请信
Dear ______ , ①There will be a ______（内容）at/in ______（地点）on ______（时间）.②We would be honored to have you there with us.③The occasion will start at ______（具体时间）.④This will be followed by a ______（进一步的安排）.⑤At around ______（时间）, ______（另一个安排）.⑥I really hope you can make it.⑦RSVP before ______（通知你的最后期限）.Yours sincerely, 道歉信
Dear ______, ①I am truly sorry that ______（道歉的原因）.②The reason is that ______（介绍原因）.③Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.④Hope you can accept my appologieze and understand my situation.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
Li Ming 感谢信
模板一：
Dear _________(收信人)
I am writing to express my sincere thanks for __________(感谢的原因).If it had not been for your assistance in ___________(对方给你的具体帮助)，I fear that I would have been _______(没有对方帮助时的后果)。
Everyone agrees that it was you who __________(具体帮助的细节)。Again，I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
模板二：
Dear ________(收信人)，I am now writing these few lines to express my sincere thanks for ________（感谢的原因）.I‟d like you to know how much your __________(对方的帮助)meant to me.I not only enjoyed __________(具体细节)，but also __________（具体细节）
I repeat my thanks again for your _________(感谢原因).Please give my kind regards to your _______(问候对象).Yours truly
Li Ming
模板三： Dear
______ , ①I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for ______（感谢的原因）.②If it had not been for your assistance in ______（对方给予的具体帮助）, I fear that I would have been ______（没有对方帮助时的后果）.③Every one agrees that it was you who ______（给出细节）.④Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you!Please accept my gratitude.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 询问信
Dear ______ , ①I am ______（自我介绍）.②I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding ______（要询问的内容）.③First of all, what are ______（第一个问题）? ④Secondly, when will ______（第二个问题）? ⑤Thirdly, is ______（第三个问题）? ⑥I would also like to inquire ______（将最重要的问题单独成段）.⑦Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects? ⑧Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 推荐信（求职/求学）Dear ______ , ①It affords me much pleasure to recommend ______（要推荐的人）to you.② During his/her graduate years he/she was my ______.③As his/her ______ I found him/her ______（介绍与此人的关系）.④His/Her performance in the school years was outstanding.⑤First, he/she had been and showed great talents in ______.⑥In addition, he/she has a very pleasant personality.⑦He has developed a strong sense of ______, and working with him is always.⑧I can state that he/she has all the qualities of being ______.（介绍此人的能力）
⑨Therefore, I here recommend him/her to you with all my heart.⑩Should you favor him/her with a position in your company/Should you accept him/her in your university？I am sure that his/her future conduct/academic work will prove worthy of your confidence.I look forward to hearing from you at the earliest possible moment.Yours sincerely，Li Ming ①I have learned with delight that you ______（祝贺事由）.②I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on ______.③You must be ______.④And I feel very happy for you.⑤ ______（所取得的成绩）is quite exciting news!⑥I know this is surely owing to ______（被祝贺人过去的努力）.⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your ______（被祝贺人的优点）.⑧Kindly let me know when you ______（咨询对方何时有空）.⑨I hope ______（表达自己的愿望）.⑩My best wishes for your further success.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
二、议论文
Along with the advance of the society more and more controversial issues have been brought to our attention, one of which is that....随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。As to whether it is worthwhile X there is a long-running debate.关于是否值得X的问题，一直以来争论不休.Just as the saying goes: “so many people so many minds”.It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
Those who criticize X argue that X They believe that X But people who favor X on the other hand argue that.X 1.To begin /start with 2.furthermore/besides/in addition 3.last but not least.批判X的人认为X。他们相信X，不过，另一方面，赞同X的人则认为X。After a thorough consideration for my part I am in favor of the latter view that
X 经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即X。
三、说明文 Along with the advance of the society more and more controversial issues have been brought to our attention one of which is that X 随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是X。Why have there been so many X maybe the reasons can be listed as follows 1.To begin /start with 2.furthermore/besides/in addition 3.last but not least.为什么有这么多X，理由如下
Obviously it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem For one thing
For another 很明显，我们现在必须采取一些措施 一方面
另一方面
I think all the measures above can make present situation better.Let us all start to do so by ourselves.我认为上述措施能使现状变好。让我们都从自身做起！
四、图表作文（图表型）
◆According to the information given in the table/graph,we can find that。。
◆As can be seen from the table/graph/figure，there is an obvious and rapid increase /decrease/decline/favorable（an unfavorable）change in。。
◆ As we can see from the table/graph/form /figure above, great changes have taken place in。。over the period of time from。。（年份）to。。（年份）
◆ The table/graph shows that there is a（n）declining/increasing trend of。。from。。（年份）to。。（年份）
◆ Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that。。
As is shown by the percentage in the picture X has been on rise/ decrease, X dramatically decreasing from X in X to X in X.From the sharp decline in the chart, it goes without saying that X.There are at least two good reasons accounting for X.In one hand, X.In the other hand, X is due to the fact that X.In addition, X is responsible for X.Maybe there are some other reasons to show X.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that X.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.五、话题作文
Nowadays, there are more and more X in X.It is estimated that X.Why have there been so many X ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is
X.Besides, X The third one is X.To sum up, the main cause of it is due to X.It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing X.For another thing, X.All these measures will certainly reduce the number of X.开头句
论述的展开提出观点：
◆No one would deny that…… 没有人会否认......◆Now it is widely believed that…… 现在人们普遍认为，......◆When it comes to……, some think…… 当涉及到......，有些人认为......◆There is a public debate today that...有今天的公开辩论......◆A is a common way of……, but is it a wise one? A是一种常见的方式......，但它是一个明智的吗？
◆Recently the problem has been brought into focus that+同位语从句…… 最近带来的问题已经成为关注的焦点+同位语从句......◆Different people hold different opinions.不同的人持有不同意见。◆Opinions are pided.意见分歧。
◆People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards …… 人已经采取/采取了不同的的态度对......◆With the rapid improvement in……/growing awareness of……，more and more……
随着迅速改善....../意识不断增强......，越来越多......（e.g.：With the rapid improvement in building industry，more and more structures are being erected to set the people„s minds at ease.）
（在建筑行业的迅速改善，越来越多的结构正在架设，设置放心人心。）
◆ Recently，sth'/the problem of……has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern……
近日，一些事情/问题......一直颇受关注/已成为市民关注的焦点...（e。g。Recently，the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments worldwide are committed to finding useful solutions.）（最近，失业问题已带来了这种颇受关注，世界各国政府都致力于找到有用的解决方案）
◆ In the past few years，there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in……
在过去几年中，一直存在着繁荣/急剧增长/下降了...（e。g。In the past ten years，there has been a sharp decline in the number of species。）在过去十年中，一直在物种的数量急剧下降。）
◆ Nowadays，more/most important/dangerous for our society is……
如今，越来越//我们的社会最重要的危险.....（e。g。Nowadays，most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles。）
如今，为我们的社会最危险的倾向照顾彼此在政界的优势。）
◆Now there is a growing awareness that+同位语从句...现在有越来越清楚地认识到，+同位语从句......◆It is time we explore the truth of...这是我们探索真理的......进一步提出观点：
◆…of them hold the opinion that ….（不同观点）
◆…of them are in favor of the idea that…（不同观点）
◆People who are for/against the idea think …（不同观点）
◆However, each coin has two sides.（不同观点）
◆Different from those…., …people think ….（不同观点）
◆On the other hand, … people object that（有些人反对道…）.（不同观点）
◆A is but one of the many effects.Another is...◆ Besides, other reasons are...提出假想例子的方式：
◆Suppose that...◆Just imagine what would be like if...◆It is reasonable to expect...◆ It is not surprising that...举普通例子：
◆For example(instance),...◆...such as A,B,C and so on(so forth)
◆We can take something for example.◆A particular example for this is...引用：
◆One of the greatest early writers said...◆Knowledge is power, such is the remark of...◆As somebody once put it, “…”
◆.......How often we hear such words like these.提出原因：
◆There are many reasons for...◆Why....? For one thing,...;for another thing,…
◆The answer to this problem involves many factors.◆Most people would agree that...◆Some people may neglect that in fact...◆Others suggest that...◆ Part of the explanation is...进行对比：
◆The advantages for A outweigh the disadvantages of...◆Although A enjoys a distinct advantage...◆Indeed , A has more advantages than B when sth is concerned.◆ A maybe..., but it has the disadvantage that...承上启下：
◆To understand the truth of..., it is also important to see...◆A study of...will make this point clear 让步：
◆Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as...◆ I do not deny that A has its own merits.结尾：
◆From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that...◆In summary, it is wiser of somebody to do something
◆In short...说明：请大家朗读熟记各类文体套语，摘抄你喜欢的表达并背诵仿写。
第五篇：高中英语书面表达教学反思
高中英语书面表达教学反思
李彬
河南省西峡县第一高级中学分校
长期以来，如何有效地进行英语写作教学一直困扰着广大英语教师。中学英语教学大纲和高考说明都要求学生能根据所给提示条件写出１００个单词左右的英语短文。内容连贯，文理通顺，无严重语法或结构错误。这看上去似乎是不很高的要求，在教和学的实践中达到却非易事。学生也普遍反映英文书面表达难，到底难在哪里？为此笔者对学生进行测试调查，对答卷错误进行了分析统计。结果发现学生在有英语谓语的时态、语气、动词词义辩析和句子结构方面的错误，拼写单词错误，名词、代词和冠词类的错误，介词和关连词使用不当占，形容词、副词的误用等等。评讲后学生感到书面表达短文内容所用词语和结构不难，很容易理解，就是当时自己想不起来，写不好。结合统计分析结果及学生评讲后的整体感受和部分外语程度中上的学生进行了个别面对面的交谈讨论，发现学生英语书面表达的主要困难有：
１、语法不正确，错误不断 有的同学在做单选题时还能考虑语法和结构，一旦自己动手写时，就把语法和结构忘在一边，不考虑时态、单复数等语法问题，结果丢分很多。在英语中尤其是谓语的变化多。时态、语态、语气的语法概念和英语动词变化之间的关系，写作应用起来不明确不熟练，用英语写作时就很容易出错。有必要加强英语谓语动词变化的训练。２、语言不地道，汉式思维 英语的句子结构以动词为中心各有特定的搭配，学生在写作时感到缺乏表达思想的语感。经常有汉英翻译词对字硬译的现象，加之英汉两种语言在文化思维方面语言表达有相当的差异，也造成英语书面表达的一定困难。要培养学生英语表达的语感必须加强平时口头和笔头造句表达习惯的建立。
３、用词不贴切，缺乏积累 进行写作，词汇是必不可少。从生理和心理方面看，中学生已相对成熟，而他们所能用的英语语言在英语的书面表达上就是想说的话很多，意思也很好，使用的语言形式却词不达意，错误百出，为此要尽可能使学生接触大量和他们生理发展相适应的英语语言材料，以便于他们吸收丰富自己的英语知识。
４、过渡不自然，单纯翻译 一篇好的短文不是由简单的句子堆砌而成，而是由一些意义相关、合乎逻辑围绕一个中心思想的句子组成。书面表达不同于翻译，要有一定的灵活性，句与句之间要有恰当的连词。
以上学生英语书面表达中的错误和困难，也提示了解决这些难题的可能途径和策略。
（一）、词汇的掌握。“词”是基础，是说话、写作的必需材料，衡量一个学生英语水平及交际能力的高低，词汇量的多少是一个关键。词汇量的训练可以从三个方面入手。首先是听写：学生写作时容易忘记单词或把汉英词汇等同起来。因此，学生应坚持每天听写、默写、循环记忆，巩固词汇。并且要求学有余力的学生给出与该单词相关的同义、近义、反义词，使词汇得到最大限度的复现。其次是学会衔接词：衔接词是黏合剂,恰当运用衔接词可以承上启下,达到语言流畅、逻辑清晰。如：after a while, just then, several minutes later, even though, at that time, however, at last, before long, from now(then)on等。应用了衔接词之后，可增加文章的连贯性与可读性。(二)．注重写作教学的基本训练
英语属于结构语言，它有自己的基本句型、固定搭配、固定短语等，这些都是不可变的，要想在写作中用上它们，用好它们，必须加强这方面的基本训练。首先，加强五种基本句型结构教学。几乎所有的英语句型都是五种句型的扩大、延伸或变化，因此训练学生“写”就要抓住五种基本句型的训练，让他们把这五种基本句型记牢，不断运用。五种是：
（１）Ｓ＋Ｖ；
（２）Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ；
（３）Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｏ；
（４）Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ；
（５）Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｃ。
英语中千变万化的句子归根到底都离不开这五个基本句型，因此这五个基本句型应作为写作训练的出发点。五种基本句型虽然能表达一定的意思，但无法比较自由地表达思想，因此还必须对学生进一步进行扩句训练，在课堂上充分发挥学生的想象力，进行扩句练习。其次，加强句型教学，要对一些句子进行分析，增强他们利用各种句子进行一意多种表达的训练。再次，充分利用新教材中“巩固语言的练习，”对学生进行基本语感的训练。
(三).围绕课文内容，对学生进行阶梯式，即“5S（5 steps）”演进成文训练。
第一步：仿写
由模仿到创造，这是学习写作的一条规律，也是提高英语书面表达能力的有效途径。在仿写前，教师应为 学生提供各种文体的范文，如短文、日记、便条、书信、通知等，并向学生讲明格式及内容要点，有时要给予 必要的提示。教师规定的题目一定要有课文作范例，且应与学 生的实际生活相关，这样，学生才会感到有样可学、有话可说，才能达到训练的目的。
第二步：缩写
缩写练习能培养学生的概括能力，使学生掌握文章的叙述方法和结构，一般适用于篇幅较长、故事性较强 的文章。训练时应以强调篇幅、概括内容为宗旨。具体的训练步骤如下：①教师指导学生将课文分成若干段并 写出段意；②由学生自己合并段落大意，形成文章的初稿；③学生根据要求扩充初稿，形成短文。同时，教师 应指导学生在写作中以“4W1H”（what, who, when, where, how）为线索写出提纲。高中英语教科书中每单元的 第二课均为阅读文章，且在Workbook中有针对该文的问答题，所以，还可采用教师指导学生用完整句回答所有 问题并按顺序排列后适当修改成文的方法进行练习。也可由教师提供提纲，让学生按课文大意将提纲进行扩写，这也是一种比较有效的训练方法。
第三步：改写
改写是一种被广泛采用的语言教学策略，它的目的在于让学生广泛地了解和学习各种不同类型和风格的课 文，如，要求学生把学过的短文改写成对话、把对话改写成短文、把说明文改写成记叙文等。这样既有利于复习、巩固所学知识，加强对所学语言知识的运用，又能很好地训练学生的书面表达能力。训练时宜从改变文章 中人称、时态等较为简单的内容入手。
第四步：给关键词写作
让学生听一段故事录音一两遍后，教师在黑板上写出几个关键词，要求学生根据这些词说出故事大意，并 视情况对内容进行增改。然后叫两名学生将自己的文章写在黑板上，由其他学生进行分组讨论和修改。在这一 教学过程中，最重要的是对关键词的选择。
按上述要求训练一段时间后可以适当加大难度。教师可以在黑板上写下十个左右的词或短语，让学生用一 个完整的情景把这些词串起来。这项训练可以是小组活动，也可以作为个别操练，既进行了听说训练，又考查了学生对所学 知识的运用能力，有利于培养学生的创造性思维能力。
(四)、注重写作训练的规范化
高中起始阶段的写作训练，培养学生的写作模式是非常重要的。我按教师用书上说明的写作步骤，即：（１）构思（讨论题目）（２）写提纲（理顺思想的逻辑关系）（３）起草（打草稿）（４）校订（检查错误，重新安排内容）（５）修改（定稿）。对学生进行写作模式的训练。这样看起来比较麻烦，但避免了反复，养成了好的写作习惯。再就是书写和文体格式要规范。严格要求学生正确、端正、熟练地书写字母、单词和句子，注意大小写和标点符号，养成良好的书写习惯。同时对各种文体特点、格式要讲清楚，使学生熟悉规范的书面表达形式，用正确的标准评析和规范自己的书面表达。
（五）要抓好指导和评价双环节
1．指导是写作教学不可缺少的环节，尤其是刚开始训练写作时。
其内容可包括：师生共同分析所给材料应表达的要点；讨论结构层次如何安排；师生共同讨论如何表达这些要点，选择合适的句型和主要词汇；讨论句与句、段与段如何连接，用那些连接词为宜等。
2．自评，互评与教师评价相结合
教学实践中发现，学生均能在积极，主动的情感支配下进行自评和互评，这一活动唤起了学生强烈的求知欲望，从而渐渐提高了他们的写作兴趣。教师评价，应该有总结，一方面指出其成功处，另一方面指出其不足处，使学生有努力的方向。对于基础较差的学生,需要教师对其面批面改，做到边启发，边批改，边解释。这样学生更能集中注意力，老师也更能把问题讲清，说透，从而取得更好的效果，大面积提高了教学质量。教师将一些写得较好的错误较少的习作张贴出来，或讲评时读给全班学生听，给予鼓励。公布参考答案供学生作为学习的范文。评价有利于培养学生对学习负责的态度，并能促使学生学会思考，随时看到自己取得的成绩和存在的不足，帮助反思自主学习过程，调整学习目的和学习策略，树立新的超越自我的学习目标，更有效地进一步学习。
总之，写是一种综合能力的训练，是对学生所学语言知识的综合运用，是一个系统工程，它应贯穿于教学活动的全过程。作为教师，必须长期坚持不懈地对学生进行全方位的训练，才能真正提高学生写的能力。只有坚持多写、多读、多练，才能写出内容充实、语言丰富、文字优美、行文连贯、过渡自然、表达地道、语域恰当的好文章，才能逐步提高学生书面表达能力，以适应中高考的要求。
河南省西峡县第一高级中学分校（高中）
