第一篇：第二周首字母训练2篇

Have you ever had a day w__1__ everything seemed to go wrong, and nothing seemed to go right? Not too long ago I was having one of those days.I was disappointed and sad.I told it to my mother, h__2__ for some pity.Instead, she said, “I heard Jamie was having a difficult day too.Why don’t you make her some cookies and we’ll take t__3__ to her this afternoon?”

I didn’t r__4__ want to, but I decided that I didn’t want to go back to my other problems just yet.I made the cookies and put it on a little plate.Then I made a card with a sunflower on it and wrote a small note.That afternoon we c__5__ at my friend’s house.I went to the door and rang the bell.Soon, Jamie came to the door and looked at me in surprise for the u__6__ visit.Before she could say anything, I rushed, “I heard you were having a h__7__ day and decided to bring you something.I hope your day goes better.” The look that came over Jamie’s face was one that I could n__8__ put into words.It was as if a darkened sky was suddenly lit up with the golden rays of the sun;because of that small act, her day was brightened.I got back into the car and for some amazing r__9__, I felt a lot better myself.That day I e__9__ the truth that James Barrie attempted to describe, “Those who bring sunshine to the lives of others cannot keep it from themselves.”

People are not perfect, as a matter of fact, we human beings are far from perfect.Everyone makes m__1__ in their lives.Things happen and most of the time, there usually isn’t much time l__2__ for you to consider what to do with this.E__3__ you are given a lot of time, your judgment can still be wrong.After all, you may not have all the n information to make a right __4__decision.Are you ever trying to make up for a silly choice you’ve made? Anyone is s__5__ to make up for his mistakes.Examine your past life choices, you might see w__6__ you went wrong, or come to realize that you should have taken a different way.You might wonder how you could have done such a thing.There are two important things in deciding w__7__ you can actually make up for your mistakes.The first one is to be honest.Do you really feel bad for your fault? Do you t__8__ know that you should have made a different choice?

If that is the case, the second factor lies in the hands of the person, who needs to f__9__ you.Have a chat with him or her.Tell him or her you’re sorry, go on to explain that you sincerely want to make things right.If you can do that, you might find that the unpleasant experiences tend to disappear.What’s more, mistakes can be valuable by learning from them and passing on advice to others.We are not about to p__10__ each other for our mistakes, and we can’t always make up for past mistakes, but we can learn from them, taking the lessons with us as we journey to a brighter tomorrow.

第二篇：中考首字母填词训练

A

Robot Vogel is a p officer in New York.One Morning, he was drinking coffee in a restaurant.Suddenly a man ran in and shouted, “Officer!A car is going down the Officer Vogel ran out of the restaurant and saw a car going at about 25 miles an hour.He jumped intoit.When he was behind it, he turned on his red light and siren(警笛of the road and stopped.Officer Vogel got out of his police car and looked inside.The driver was a littleseat was his littlechildren were crying.”I want my mommy!“ Rocco cried.”But she can't get here, I have the car.“ Then he had an idea ”Just a minute,“ he told Officer Vogel.”I can drive.I will go to get her.“ ”No!“ Officer Vogel said.“You stay with me.”

Officer Vogel drove Rocco and his sister to the police station.Then he called theirfrom thehis father was at work and his mother was sleeping.about Rocco, and a lot of reporters went to his house.One reporter asked Rocco, “What do you want to be when you grow up?” Rocco smiled “I want to be a truck driver,” he said.B

One day a man put an ad in most of the newspapers in England.He said that he himself was a young man of m.He’d like toa girl to be his wife, and the girl must be like the one in books wby Somerest Maugham.This ad was at once k by thousands of parents and young girls.Parents went to shops to look for the books written by Maugham.They bought those books for their daughters as p.Girls tried to get those books to read.They wanted to know what kind of girl the rich and wise young man wfor.Before long all the books written by Maugham were sout and the writer was known all over the country.Who was the rich man? It was Somerest Maugham who put an ad in the newspapers!The ad s, too!

C

up my first job as a teacher.The students in my class were about sixteen or seventeen years old, only several years than me.In fact, some of them looked older and seemed more like grownups.And some of them even didn’t listen to me c___3__ in class.The classroom was on the second floor and it was directly above the street.One day, I was writing on the blackboard w____4____ I heard a sudden change in the noise behind me.There was a man standing in the room with half an apple in his hand.He lookeda____5____

“Who threw this？”he shouted, looking around the class.“I beg your pardon？”I said.“s___6_____ threw this apple out of the window.” he said,“It landed on my car.”

“Who threw an apple out of the window？”I shouted to the class.There was no a_____7___.“I want the one who threw this.” said the man, “I will be waiting outside for you.”And then he left, slamming(摔)the door.There was silence and I went on w____8____the lesson.At the end of every lesson, as the bell rang, usually the class were all gone before it finished r___9___, leaving me saying “That's all for today, ”to an empty room.This time, when the bell went for the end of the lesson, no one m___10____.“That's all for today,”I said, “You go first, sir.”said one of the boys.It made a nice change, being first out.D

Life is not always.So you should learn to enjoy your life.Try to stay and longer.Here are some ways to help you live your life more happily.Write down all the good things.These can make you happier.And as for the bad thinking of them.Do not try to with others.They might have a bigger house or a more in your life.Your life may be very busy，you don’t have to do what o7ask you to do each time.Remember to tell your family and friends that you love them.Take activities.You can go hiking in the mountains to breathair.It can make you relaxed.You can also go to the beach to enjoy beach volleyball.Learn new things.There’s always s__10___ new to learn.Read a book or learn on a computer, they can open your mind to the world.Give a helping hand to others.It is also helpful for yourselves and others.You make them happier, and you will be the happiest of all.E

Everybody has one of those days when everything goes wrong.This is what h__1__ to Harry.One morning, he got up very late because his clock stopped.He t__2__ to shave(刮脸)quickly and cut himself.When he got dressed, he got blood all over his shirt,so he had to find a__3_ one.The only other shirt that was clean n_4__ ironing(熨).While he was ironing it, there was a knock at the door.It was the man to collect money for water.After he paid the water b_5__ and showed the man out, he found the iron had burnt a hole in his shirt.So he had to wear the one with the blood on it after all.By this time it was very late, so he t_6__ he couldn’t go to work by bus.He c_7__ for a taxi to take him to work.In another part of the town, a man had killed a woman with a knife and was s_8__ to run away in a taxi.When Harry’s taxi stopped outside his office, a policeman happened to be s_9__ there.He saw the blood on Harry’s shirt, and took him to the police station.He was k__10_ till 3 o’clock p.m.before the police found out that he was not the man they wanted.When he finally arrived at the office at about 4 p.m., his boss took a look at him and told him to find another job.KEYS

A1.police2.driving3.slowly4.followed5.side

6.back7.Both8.key9.while10.heard

B1.millions2.knowledge3.choose4.written5.known

6.presents7.wished8.sold9.saved10.famous

C1.took2.younger3.carefully4.when5.angrily

6.someone7.answer8.with9.ringing10.moved

D1.perfect2.healthier3.keep4.compare5.compare

6.cares7.parts8.others9.fresh10.something

E1.happened2.tried3.another4.needed5.bill

6.thought7.called8.seen9.standing10.kept

第三篇：八年级阅读首字母周周练(七)

八年级阅读周周练

（七）(A)

At one time, making a film was an expensive activity only for a small group of people and film companies.Not only were the tools and machines expensive but the cost of film was also far greater than most people could afford.However, modem technology has c___1___ all that.New technology has really opened up the world of film-making for film fans.Now a camera does not cost m___2___ and most young people are certainly able to pay for it.So all you need is to get one for yourself.With that, you may then start your own film-making.However, film-making is t__3____ work.You probably need many other people to help you.For example, the p___4___ of actors and actresses is very important in your film.Of course, these actors and actresses may be your schoolmates, friends or family members.You don't even need to pay them a cent while they are glad to be part of your job.B____5__, you need to make up a story.Can you write your own one? If you have good imagination, you can create an attractive story e____6____.Many world-famous film makers and producers are also good story-writers.If not, perhaps you need someone else to write it for you.An excellent story is the key to making a s__7____ film.Are you going to be a cameraman yourself? When filming, who is going to take care of the lighting? Who is going to make the furniture, the background and things like that? If you can’t do all these things, you need to think about asking other people to help you.Remember: Film-making is not a one-man business.1.changed 2.much 3.team 4.performance 5.Besides 6.easily 7.successful

(B)

哈佛北大精英创立

A survey has been published which shows that British people don't like their neighbours very much.80% of the people who took part in the survey feel that their neighbours h __1___ pay attention to others’ feelings.25% don't talk lo the people who live next door and 10% don't even know their names.In fact, one million people in Britain would like to m ___93__ because they don't get along well with their neighbours.According to the survey, the b____3___ problem is noise.Many of the complaints about noise came from people who live in flats and old houses.These places often have thin walls which can't s____4___ the noise from next door.The other main problems are disagreements(争吵)about car parking spaces, and old people complaining about the young.Some disagreement last a 1___5___ time.In one case, people who live in the same building haven't talked to each other for fifteen years.Sometimes the disagreements end in violence.In one of the worst cases, a man killed a neighbour because he kept parking in “his space”.Another survey shows that 90% of the neighbours never share a meal, 80% have never had a drink t___6___, and 20% have never even spoken.However, when neighbours become each other's f___7___, they are often ready to offer help, as we can see in many parts of the world.One solution to such problems is to talk about them with a professional organization and if necessary, to sign a written agreement.Now people can get this service in more and more towns.1.hardly 2.move 3.biggest 4.stop 5.long 6.together

7.friends

(C)

“There is no love which is more sincere than the love of food,” said Anglo-Irish writer George Bernard Shaw.Like Bernard Shaw, many writers e___1___ food very much, and they say and write interesting things about it.British poet Owen Meredith(1831-1891)learnt a lot about food when he lived in Paris.He famously said, “We may live without friends, we may live without books, but civilized(文明的)men cannot live

哈佛北大精英创立

without c____2____.American writer Mark Twain also wrote a lot about food.“When you have t___3___ watermelon,” he wrote, “you know what angels eat.”

American cookbook writer Alice May Brock has some simple rules about food from different c ___4___.“ If you want to cook international food, it’s easy,” she wrote.“Put tomatoes on the plate and it’s Italian.Use soy sauce and it’s Chinese.A___5___ wine to the recipe(食谱)and it’s French.Sour cream makes it Russian and lemon makes it Greek.But garlic makes it good!Cheers!”

Tea and coffee are even more i___6____ for some people.There is a Chinese saying, “It is better to go without food for three days, than tea for one.”

American President Abraham Lincoln was often rude about the tea and coffee which was served to him.For example, he was in a Washington restaurant one day, and when the main meal was over, a cup of hot l_____7___ was placed in front of him.He drank a bit and was clearly angry.“Waiter,” he said, “if this is coffee, please bring me some tea;and if this is tea, please bring me some coffee.”

1.enjoy 2.cooks 3.tasted 4.countries

5.Add 6.important 7.liquid

哈佛北大精英创立

第四篇：高三语文作文训练材料(第二周)

高三语文作文训练材料（第二周）阅读下面的材料，根据要求作文。

扁鹊兄弟三人都从医。大哥善于“防患于未然”，把病消灭在萌芽之前，结果病人老是怀疑自己没病，大哥的名字天下不闻。二哥善于把病消灭在萌芽之中，结果闻名乡里。扁鹊善于在病入膏肓时让人起死回生，结果闻名天下。

阅读这则材料可以有不同的感悟，请根据你的感悟，联系生活实际，写一篇文章。注意：①要全面理解材料，但可以选择一个侧面、一个角度构思作文；②立意自定，题目自拟；③不少于800字；除诗歌外文体不限。

审题指导：这则材料要素多，关系杂。既有很强的现实意义和开放性，又有一定限制性，属于典范的“新材料作文”，准确全面审题立意直接影响作文的成败。一、审题：整体理解材料，全面把握要素。

1、理解材料主旨，把握材料价值取向。材料的主要内容是：大哥 防患于未然 天下不闻，二哥 消灭于萌芽 闻名乡里，扁鹊 起死回生 闻名天下。

人们称颂扁鹊为神医，扁鹊誉满天下，并不过分。但比较而言，社会对于大哥、二哥的评价却是不公正的。分析材料，兄弟三人相比医术高低，孰优孰劣，一目了然。大哥有本事在没病时，看出趋势，看出先兆，让病连发作的机会都没有，使人从小到大，从生到死，健健康康，这本事真是了得，比较而言扁鹊稍逊一筹，病入膏肓，病症明显，才对症下药。从治疗成本上，大哥也明显低于扁鹊。从治疗效果上，一个毫发无伤，一个元气大伤。

材料是赞扬大哥二哥，为其鸣不平，这是主旨。从另一个层面看，也寓意着一个典型的“名与实不相对称”的社会评判问题，意在引发思考，澄清认识。立意应该站在肯定大哥的立场上，扁鹊是一个比照，是为了更好地衬托大哥。如果单从扁鹊的角度立意，弃大哥二哥于不顾，则是没有全面理解出题者的命题意图和材料的价值取向，说明学生认识问题肤浅，思维无深度和广度。

2、通盘考虑，全面把握材料要素，选择恰当的立意角度。

因扁鹊兄弟三人的初衷不同，行为不同，结果相反，三者呈矛盾的对比、对照关系，因此对材料的整体把握和全面理解，要善于通盘考虑，善于择出两相矛盾的对应点，立意行文要善于对照分析，辩证讲理，或直接写成二元关系类作文。“全面把握材料内容”，对于要素多、内容杂的材料来说，就是要善于选点，辨析关系。对此，我们曾一在强调，但本次作文表明，这仍是学生的致命伤。要引起教师的高度重视。

再者，审题立意要科学，要有章可循，有法可依，要走出直觉式模糊判断的误区，要象阅读分析一样，要象讲数学题一样，通过圈点勾画、列出要点、判断筛选、分析归纳等分步操作依次进行。具体要做好以下几点：列出要点，选准角度，对比照应，筛选归纳。① 出要点： ①大哥 防患于未然 天下不闻 ②二哥 消灭于萌芽 闻名乡里 ③扁鹊 起死回生 闻名天下

②分析角度：纵向看，有侧重于大哥二哥的角度，有大哥、二哥、扁鹊并重的角度。横向看，有侧重于“行为表现”的角度（第二列），有侧重于“行为结果”（社会评判）的角度（第三列），③有行为和结果整体把握、综合评判的角度。③对比照应，全面把握，筛选归纳：

纵向角度：从行为表现的角度：可筛选：防患未然与起死回生 可归纳：起死回生与未雨绸缪 防微杜渐与亡羊补牢 根治与预防 事前与事后

从行为结果的角度（人们认识的角度）可筛选：天下不闻与闻名天下 可归纳：默默无闻与声名显赫 大名希声 可阐发：默默无闻的事前英雄同样值得推崇

从行为和结果两相对照的角度；可归纳阐发：名望与效果 结果与名誉 名誉地位与人生境界等。

横向角度：——在订标过程中，我们发现，好作文都能站在肯定大哥的立场上，联系扁鹊，对比分析，准确立意，如： ①防患于未然，方是做事的最高境界。

②起死回生，妙手回春固然高明，未雨绸缪，防患于未然才是真正的高手。③预防重于救治。

④颂扬象大哥那样技艺高超、品德高尚，不求名利的大师风范。

⑤作为象大哥这样的人才，如何看待社会评价，对社会的评价要有正确的认识，不要心理不平衡，要了然在心，无愧于心。

也可以在进一步深刻理解材料的基础上，联系生活现实，针对问题出现的不同程度，我们应采取不同的方法，三种人才我们都需要，预防最好，但智者千虑，必有一失，或者由于问题的复杂性，不可能预见发现所有的问题，也需要二哥与扁鹊这样的人才，因而三者都要抓，不同问题，不同处理。

以上观点，都是在全面理解材料的基础上，提炼出来的最佳立意。但有同学站在肯定大哥的立场上，提出“要从本质上看问题”，“不要被表象所迷惑”，“不畏浮云遮望眼”，则是没有准确把握归纳材料要素，缺乏现实意义与针对性，大而不当，赋分应在44分左右，视文章中偏离程度而定。此外，我们还发现：对照式、对偶式的标题效果不同一般，具有很大的推广价值。如：功力 眼力 能力

了然在心，无愧于心

天下不闻与闻名天下

预防重于救治

无名≠无能 有的同学从赞扬扁鹊角度立意，提出以下观点： ①抓住机遇，迎接挑战。②在困境中崛起。③绝地反击。④该出手时就出手。⑤成功有道。

⑥亡羊补牢，为时不晚。

以上观点仅抓住扁鹊这一侧面立意，没有全面准确把握材料，违背了材料的本意，属偏题观点，赋分应控制在42分上下，不超过45分。

二、联系实际，针砭时弊，有感而发，使文章更具现实意义和针对性。

优秀范文：

防患于未然——睿智的选择

一中考生

曾经有人问扁鹊：“你们三兄弟中，谁的医术最高？”扁鹊不假思索答道：“我大哥。”问及原因，他说：“我大哥善于防患于未然，他能够看出一个健康的人有哪些隐患的病症，进而为他们一一解除。”众人心服口服。

是啊，悬壶济世，最终目的就是为了减轻人的病痛，扁鹊的大哥能够在病人患病前化解病症，让病人丝毫感觉不到一丝苦痛，这，便是行医的极致，而他的“天下不闻”，不是他的悲哀，而是整个社会的悲哀。表面看来，这似乎符合人们的认识规律：最黑暗时的一丝光亮，即使微弱，也被认为是世间最明亮的色彩；最饥渴时的一滴水，即使渺小，也被认为是世间最甘甜的清泉。但人们恰恰忘记了在黑暗降临之间准备一个火把，在进入沙漠之前携带一瓶水。甚至，对那些高瞻远瞩，好意提醒自己的人报之以白眼和不屑。但是我要告诉你的是，这只是庸人对世界的浅薄认识。我们要做的就是，改变这种认识，珍惜那些“防患于未然”的人，最后，自己也能够防患于未然。

回望历史，那些在敌人来袭前就高筑工事提前御敌的将领似乎总是坐“冷板凳”，而那些战前无多少准备，战时勇猛杀敌的人似乎往往得到提拔和重用。这些人固然值得嘉奖，但前者更不应被遗忘，因为正是他们，赶走流血与牺牲，保得了一方安宁与和平。而他们的结局，体现的正是古代君主的浅陋和有眼无珠。

记得白岩松在《痛并快乐着》中记录下他与贝聿铭先生的谈话，当他问到贝聿铭如何评价北京的建筑和城市布局时，老先生不无苦涩地回答：“起码将来拆除时方便。”这是个绝妙的讽刺，也许今天人们对于重新规划北京布局的决策者赞不绝口，但有谁会记得曾经为保护北京老建筑而奔走呼号的梁思成、林徽因夫妇？我们的认识的悲哀，正在于此。

好在，我们现在的国家社会正在逐步改进传统的认识方法和人才机制。君不见几十年前就提出出全球气候变暖的叶笃正荣获国家最高科技奖？君不见国家在揭开各类贪腐大案的同时正在完善监督机制？君不见政府在制定经济规划时，越来越多地关注环保与社会问题？

朋友，让我告诉你，在所有解决问题的方法中，防患于未然是最好的选择。只有拥有这种能力，你我才能在这个世界中更好地屹立与生活，我们的生命，亦才能少一分艰辛，多一分甜美！

第五篇：高考作文训练第二十七周 比较思维见微知著

高考作文训练：比较思维见微知著

比较思维是人类普遍应用的思维方式。比较，有两个互相联系的方面，一是比同，即求得事物间的共同之处；一是辨异，即认识事物间的相异之处。根据时间和历史过程，可以纵比；根据空间位置，可以作横比。

比较思维的类型主要有同中比同、异中辨异、异中求同、同中辨异四种。在实际应用中，比同与辨异常常是综合运用的。

比较思维因为辨析了事物间、概念间的细微差别，所以极具思辨价值。

1.了解比同与辨异的方法，学会运用。

2.培养辩证分析问题的能力。

题目：从历史到现实，人类社会始终处于纷繁复杂的状态之中，许多问题需要我们去分析研究。比如忠臣与良臣，人治与法治，开发与保护，竞争与合作，农村与城市，等等。请你选择一个感受较深的问题，运用比同辨异的思维方法分析，写一篇议论文。

要求：字数800字以上。

指导：

选题要合乎自己的情况，不要论述自己不熟悉的问题，应当把问题上升到理论的高度来分析，比同要善于运用归纳，辨异要善于进行对照。

1.概念解说

⑴同中比同：是指对某两个或几个具有相似性的事物，进行理性概括，得出“同”在何处的结论。比如，“说昏君”，就要举出历代昏君的作为，从中概括出昏君所共有的特征，如奢侈、拒谏、嬖佞等等。

⑵异中辨异：是指对两种或几种不同的事物，进行具体分析，进而说明两者或几者之间各自不同的特点。如“论儒家和法家”，要从它们的政治主张和产生背景及社会意义的角度分析不同之处。

⑶异中求同：是指从不同的事物尤其是看起来很不相同的事物中发现共同点，这是认识事物的本质，揭示事物规律的重要思维能力。

⑷同中辨异：是指从看来相同的事物中发现不同点，侧重于认识事物的个性特征。这种思维常用于辩论或个性化人物塑造。

2.高考试题

1991年：“近墨者黑”/“近墨者未必黑”，任选一题写议论文。

例文1：马霁鸿

有飞机，有轮船，有火车，有汽车，还有缆车，还有木筏，还有轿子与滑竿——交通越来越方便，生活在今天的人，算是有福了，特别是有条件出门旅游的人，已经没有多少不能抵达的地方。不过，将目光放长远一点，从人与自然和谐发展的角度出发，就不会不生发出一个理念：人类可不能将自己的胆魄和欲望悉数开发，还是多给自己留一些“不便”之处才好。

留一些“不便”之处，云南的香格里拉县做得不错。该县境内的风光胜地碧塔海(云南海拔最高的湖)，相距最近的公路不过数公里远，但为了保护那里山青水秀的生态环境，该县没有也不打算修通到达那里的公路。游客到碧塔海观光，由旅游部门组织步行或骑马前往。香格里拉县再穷，也会想得出办法修通这么短的一段公路，更何况有众多外地老板背了钱袋子跃跃欲试要去“开发”。但该县没有这么做，他们珍惜大自然留给自己的宝贵财产。还是在这个县境内，有一座白水台——纳西族东巴教和东巴文(或许是全世界唯一活着的象形文字)的发祥地。近年来，去白水台的人越来越多，为了不让它受到破坏，该县采取措施将它保护起来，在远处建了一座观景台，让游客在那里观赏。

与香格里拉县同属迪庆藏族自治州的德钦县，在保护生态环境方面同样做了颇为明智的努力。境内的明永冰川，系人类不费力就可“光临”的低纬度低海拔冰川。但该县却在冰川旁修建了一道观景走廊，使游人与冰川拉开一定距离，把人体辐射的热量对冰川的影响降到了较低程度。

在迪庆藏族自治州，上上下下已有一个共识：趁着旅游业刚刚起步，多吸纳一些保护观念，多留下一些自然原生态。那里的官员说得好：发展生态经济(包括生态旅游)，保护是前提，只有将生态保护好了，才能细水长流，日子越过越好。许多地方的官员却不这样看。一说开发，一搞旅游，就要为游客提供最大最多的方便，就要“有水快流”，以使经济效益最大化。为“方便”游客，免不了炸石开山，砍树刈草，垒坝截溪，掏洞凿泉，更不用说建山庄，修宾馆，炮制拙劣的人造景观。于是，我们看到，凡是“方便”游客的地方，无一例外地遭到人为破坏，有的还破坏得十分严重，直至面目全非，原始森林不再原始，野生动物被惊吓得四处亡命„„

人本是大自然之子，亲近自然本是人的天性。但这种亲近应保持一个限度，亲近的方式更多的应是心灵的感应与交流，而不是非得让双脚踏上什么、双手抓住什么不可，难道舍此就不算“到此一游”?进一步说，无论是开发风光的人，还是享受风光的人，都应该像珍惜自己的生命那样珍惜自然，像爱护自己的眼珠那样爱护自然，给后人多留下一点自然风貌，切忌杀鸡取卵，竭泽而渔，吃祖宗饭，造子孙孽。

有报道说，为减少自然生态的压力，一些景区景点如九寨沟、张家界、黄山，已采取了限制游客人数的措施，这不失为亡羊补牢之举。但这还不够，出于国家、民族乃至人类可持续发展的长久利益，还应作出明确的硬性规定，某些地方无论什么理由都不许开发，比如文物保护单位及周边地区，比如濒危动植物生长栖息地以及特殊地形地貌，比如大江大河源头及区域性水源，比如未遭破坏的雪山草地等等，让这些地方永远保留着人们“不便”涉足的原生面貌。

多留一些“不便”之处，人与自然才能“方便”地和谐相处，人们才能“方便”地得到大自然的荫庇。多留一些“不便”之处，其实就是多留下一些人类的良知。

▲在人们极力追求“方便”而大力修路的时候，著名的旅游风景区香格里拉县却刻意制造“不便”——有意将公路与景区隔离。用意何在？作者通过这“便”与“不便”的比较，剖示了人与自然的关系。

例文2：徐开平

魏征是唐朝时著名的谏诤之臣。一次，唐太宗怒气冲冲地回到后宫对皇后长孙氏说，总有一天，我要杀掉这个“乡巴佬”。长孙皇后忙问杀谁?太宗说，魏征常常在朝堂上当众刁难我，使我下不了台。皇后听了，连忙向太宗道喜说，魏征之所以敢当面直言，是因为陛下乃贤明之君啊!明君有贤臣，欢喜还来不及，怎能妄开杀戒呢?太宗恍然大悟，此后对魏征倍加敬重。魏征也进谏如故，真理在握，从不畏龙颜大怒。君臣合璧，相得益彰，终于开创了大唐“贞观之治”的辉煌盛世。

魏征死后，太宗流泪长叹，说出了那句千古名言：“以铜为镜，可以正衣冠；以人为镜，可以明得失；魏征之死，使我再也看不到自己的过失了„„”君临天下的皇帝，对一个老臣竟倚重、倾心如此，这在历史上并不多见。孙嘉淦则是清朝雍正帝时有名的直谏之臣，官拜翰林院检讨。雍正即位后，几个兄弟均获罪被谴，孙便上疏劝雍正“亲骨肉”。雍正大怒，拟将他革职，幸亏有人说情，才免了灾祸。后来，孙嘉淦亦常有所谏，每每惹得皇帝老儿不高兴，终于寻了个小小的把柄，将他逮捕入狱。雍正死，乾隆立。新皇帝求治心切，孙被再度起用。不过，久经官场摔打，吃尽了苦头，他已由原先的锋芒毕露变得世故圆滑了，所上奏章多是些避开朝政要害的空泛之词。他还给自己立下了为官处世的要诀：“事君笃而不显，与人共而不骄，势避其所争，功藏于无名。”这招儿果真灵验，他从侍郎、尚书、督抚，一直做到协办大学士，真可谓官运亨通，风光无限!

魏征与孙嘉淦先前同为犯颜直谏之臣，一则始终不渝，一则半途出家，而两人最终都修成了正果，其间掌故，委实堪人玩味。看来，人都是会变的。魏征是不变之变，孙嘉淦是以变应变。至于如何变法，全看主子而言。主子贤明(也包括主子的妻子，如长孙皇后)，则变得“直”而“露”；主子昏聩，则变得“曲”而“藏”。用今天的时髦话讲，是否也该叫“适销对路”呢?

▲这是一篇关于人物的比同辨异文章。两人同为直谏之臣，魏征直谏，终生不渝；孙嘉淦直谏，虎头蛇尾。原因何在？皇帝贤明与否是根本。

例文3：郭之纯

人的生命具有无上的价值，所有法律都应保障这个价值的庄严和神圣。动物的生命价值不能和人相比，这应该是毋庸置疑的道理。但是，最近报端披露的一些“法”例让我甚感困惑。

4月9日《中国青年报》报道了一起案例(《人狗相撞双亡，法庭互索赔偿》)：吉林通化集安市丁某骑摩托车和于家的狗相撞，伤重不治双亡，然后“集安市人民法院先后3次公开审理。法院采信了于家提供的证人证言，认为其狗价值两万元的观点成立，并予以支持„„”一审判决：“于家赔偿丁家(各种经济损失的30％)1．9万余元；而丁家赔偿于家(狗价值的70％)1．4万元。”奇哉，人和狗相互抵价!若照此结果执行，丁家所得赔偿去除应交法院的案件受理费，只剩下64元。

看到这样的内容，我叹息之余，对“法”理(或法官)的价值标准深感疑惑。但发生这样的事情似乎并不偶然。3月26日《上海法制报》有篇奇文，我照录一段如下：“最近某市张老汉的儿子因一起医疗事故死亡，法院判决医院赔偿3万余元。也是在当地，不久前一只名犬在宠物医院亦因医疗事故被治死了，法院按狗的价值判赔了5万元。老汉悲哀地说：‘俺儿的命咋还不如一条狗值钱?”对此，著文的这位专家解释说：“其实，法院的判决并没有错。人的生命权受到侵犯的赔偿范围是法定的。”“这种情况，需要人们以正确的观念来对待，不该单以赔偿金多少来衡量人身权利的价值。”

我至今也不明白这是不是那位专家的信口胡诌。把两个例子放在一起思考一下，我发现自己非但形不成那位专家所说的“正确的观念”，还有一种挥之不去的感觉：如果真如这位“专家”所言，则法律的精神有些怪异，而法律的逻辑有些奇特。我觉得，应该给予人的生

命比“狗命”高得多的赔偿，体现的是对人类自身的尊重。

孟德斯鸠说：“有一个根本理性存在，法就是这个根本理性和存在物的关系。”我想，如果“法”故意忽略作为万物之灵的人，让“人命贱如狗”，那它就离“根本理性”很远。这样的“法”条一定是荒谬的，必须修正。因为种种原因，事实上确实也存在这样的一些法条。这些冷漠且不智的法条，也许就是人的生命受到轻视的根本原因所在；这类不正视人的生命价值的怪异法理，与最近屡见不鲜的矿难事故等难脱干系。是啊，死一个人才赔几万元钱，那些算盘鬼精的黑心矿主，怎么还肯花大价钱搞安全设备?由此可见，“以人为本”的文明社会，尤为需要严谨的法律精神。

▲人命与狗命孰贵孰贱，本无可比，但生活中就有狗命贵于人命者！作者通过两个事件的比较，抨击了玷辱法律精神的奇谈怪论。

例文4：江苏 韩丽亚

有位诗人说：“我们简单而丰富，所以我深刻；我简单而丰富，所以我不简单。保持简单的心，走不简单的路。”这里谈到的简单与不简单应该是一个相对的概念，“保持简单的心，走不简单的路”——诗人用简单的话对这组概念间的关系作了颇不简单的概括。美国一位著名作家惊呼中国的二万五千里长征是前所未有的神话，远涉中国的美国记者斯诺则把二万五千里长征称为“东方魔力”，称这是不简单的壮举。然而，中国共产党和她所领导的军队永远保持着一颗简单的心，这就是救国救民，振兴中华。于是，他们凭借着这简单的心赢得了不简单的胜利。如果你看过中央电视台播放的电视连续剧《长征》，你还可能深深地感受到，在风雨征程中，人类心灵的简单与不简单。

茶是简单的，它不比咖啡浓郁，不及美酒醇厚，但淡淡中却有一股惬意的清香，展现着清雅而朴实的魅力；盐是简单的，它不比蜜糖甘甜，不及味精鲜美，但咸涩中蕴藏着生命的要素。简单是一种净化，只有肮脏的东西，才需要泡沫的虚构和油彩的掩饰；简单也是一种从容和富足，只有贪得无厌、利欲熏心的人，才故意把事情搞得复杂化；简单还是一种高贵，只有小人，才会装腔作势、故弄玄虚。简单是一种回归，是一种返朴归真的人性还原。真诚是简单的，但虚伪者却难以参透；为他人付出虽不简单，但也并不复杂，可是自私者却在应该勇于承担时退缩。

糊涂的人一生浑浑噩噩，感觉生活枯燥无味。如果这就是简单，那他太寒碜了，我们希望他下辈子不再如此简单。机关算尽的人一生惨淡经营，聪明过头，有钻不尽的空子，有防不尽的陷阱，如果这就是不简单，那他活得太累了。对这种人，我要大喝一声：“下辈子变得简单些!”

朋友，保持简单的心，走不简单的路吧!

▲本文阐述了“简单”与“不简单”之间的辩证关系。“简单”与“不简单”的关系反映到现实社会中，人们必然面临“取”与“舍”的抉择。如何“取”“舍”呢？读完这篇文章，你或许会找到答案的。