下载文档第一篇：英语一
There is no doubt that nowadays the internet plays an important part in our daily life.More and more students and parents worry that the internet will isolate us from one to another.Anyway, I disagree with it mainly for three reasons: First, the Internet makes it easier for us to make new friends.In the real world, not all of us are bold enough to make friends with strangers.However, it isn’t a problem at all in the virtual world where you can ‘talk’ and make friends with strangers(whom you may never meet in your lifetime)without knowing anything, even whether the stranger is a male or a female, but then we’ve made friends.Second, the Internet can get us more intimate with our old classmates and old friends.At any rate, communicating by e-mail is both more convenient and less time-consuming and the Internet will get us much closer to our old friends.Finally, the Internet is a convenient tool of communication.For the sake of working studying, we are isolated from each other.We can't meet.But with the Internet, we cannot only see each other, but also can have a chat together.when someone's birthday is in sight, we can send blessings via emails that don't cost so much and can deliver blessing successfully In a word, the Internet doesn't isolate us, but make our relationships closer.
第二篇：英语一
英语一202_,7,2
一，语法。
1，系动词。系动词后面必须接表语，构成系表结构，说明主语的状况，性质，特征等。如：be动词（am,is,are以及它们的各种时态形式）；feel,smell,become,grow,get,stay,go,let, Invite sb to do sthMind doing sth.Be careful about sthHad better do sthMake peace
Keep,sound,make,look,等等。You look very happy this moringI am angry when I hear this.2,原因状语从句。由because,for引导,because的语气强于for,例外可由because of表原因，但不是原因状语从句，因为连接的并不是一个句子，而是一个短语。
She is crying in the bathroom because she did badly in the English exam.I had better take an umbrella for the sky is getting darker and darker.I decide to go home because of my mother.二，交际用语之打电话。
打电话：Hello,this is Kangkang speaking.打错电话：Is this 12345678 ? I am sorry.接电话：Who is calling,please?
告诉别人他打错电话： I think you have the wrong number,this is 87654321.例如：1，A:Hello, is this 42567436 ?
B:No,I guess you have the wrong number.A:I am sorry.2，A:Hello,can I speak to Mr.John ,please?This is Steve.C:Hold on ,please.D:John(is)speaking.A:Hi,john,this is Steve.Did you get my note? D:Yes,I just got it.I will think it over and call you back.A: Fine ,See you later.D:Good-bye.二，短语。花费。。It costs sb some money to do sth.It takes sb some time /some money to do sth.Sb spend some time/some money on sth /(in)doing sth.Pay sb some money for sth.最大的河流之一 给我们打电话 形成一个关于我的故事 三，习题
1A: How much does it ＿ to fly from CQ to BJ one-way ?
B:About 1000 yuan
A costB payC spendD take
2He stopped playing football＿his sore back.A because forB becauseC because ofD because at 3I like a book ＿ Harry Potter.A calling B called C calls D to call 4We have worked for a long time.Let us＿ a break.A stop to haveB stop having C to stop to haveD stopping5I think China will win the next Word Cup.(改为否定句)One day people will fly to the moon for
holidays.(改为一般疑问句)This paper says,””(对划线部分提问)填介词
The children are very poor because nobody cares ＿them.Maria had a serious accident ＿ the way ＿the movie theater.Have you got a ticket ＿the film calling Kingdom.Luxun is famous ＿a writer , he is famous ＿ works and he is also famous ＿Chinese people.
第三篇：英语一单词
英语
（一）全书单词解析
Unit 1 Foreign Language Learning Text A New words 1.suggestion n.suggest vt.建议，提议 n.暗示；联想（第十单元相同生词）
2.step n.步，步骤，手段(措施)3.foundation n.基础，根据, 基金（会）
词根found vt.创办，成立，建立 v.发现(find的过去式)；找到；发觉
4．Factor n.因素,要素(fac做,制作+tor→促使人能够做的东西→要素,动力)5．Immerse v.(使)深陷于，沉浸在(im进入+mers沉,没+e→沉进去→沉浸)词根：mers=sink,表示“沉,没” 6.mean v.意味着；产生…结果；打算；导致 7.explanation n.解释；说明； 后缀：-ation 1.表名词,“行为,过程,结果
8．enjoyably adv.愉快地；快乐地； enjoyable adj.愉快的，快乐的
9．Mostly adv.大部分，多半；主要地(强调数量占多半，近乎全部。)10.partly adv.一定程度上；部分地
11.effective adj.有效的；起作用的 词根：fect=do,make 表示”做,制作“ perfect adj 完美的;完全的;(per全部+fect做,制作→全部做完→完善的)12.vocabulary n.（某一语言的）词汇；词汇量 13.phrase n.<语>短语；词组； 14.list n.清单，目录； 15.review n.复习；回顾；
16.gradually adv.逐步地，渐渐地； 词根grade n.阶段，阶级；等级
17.accurately adv.正确无误地，准确地；精确地；如实
accurate adj.精确的，准确的；正确无误的 词根：cur 1.=run,表示”跑,发生,快速做……“;2.=care,表示”关心“
accurate正确无误的;准确的,精确的(ac再+cur关心+ate……的→再关心,弄精确为止)
18.accumulate vt.& vi.堆积，积累 ac 再+ cur关心 + mul增加 + ate的
19.responsibility n.责任；职责(response[n.回答,响应,反应]+ibility表名词→n.责任, 职责)词根：spons=promise, 表示”承诺,允诺“
同根词adj.responsible [for,to]应负责的;可靠的;责任重大的
response [n.回答,响应,反应]+ible能……的→adj.[for,to]应负责的;可靠的;
20.content n.内容；（书等的）目录；满足；容量(con聚在一起的此+ ten 拿住的+t,n.词根：ten 1.=hold,表示”拿住,握住,支撑“;2.挽留 同根词adj.discontent不满的(dis不+content满足的→n.不满,不满足 adj.不满的)
22.fluent adj.流畅的；流利的；液态的 副词fluently 23.relax v.（使）轻松；放松 词根：lax=loose,表示”松“
24．matter v.要紧，有重大影响 in the matter of 至于，关于，在…方面
the British are given pre-eminence in the matter of tea.在用茶方面英国人享有杰出地位。
25.pace n.速度（网络），一步；(pace步,通过→ n.[一]步;速度，节奏 v.慢慢地走)
词根：pace =pass through,表示”步,通过“ 26．guarantee n.保证，担保；
27．Success n.成功，successful adj.成功的，successfully adv.成功地
Phrases and Expressions 1.by far 大大地；…得多 更；尤其；到目前为止 by far the most important factor is how much time you are immersed in the language.最为重要的因素在于你花多少时间浸泡在外语之中。This is better by far.这个好多了。That is by far the best choice.那是最好的选择。2.be immersed in 沉浸于… 3.relate to 涉及；与…相关
it means spending time enjoyalbly on whatever relates to the language you are learning.而是说要多花时间心情愉悦地学习任何与所学语言相关的东西。
4.get used to习惯于；适应 you will get used to the language.你就会习惯于这种语言.5.focus on 集中（注意力，精力）于…
He focused his mind on his lessons.他把心思集中在功课上。
All eyes were focused on him when he came in.他进来时大家都注视着他。
6.build up(使)扩大；增多 It is easier to pull down than to build up.拆房容易盖房难。
7.run into 偶然遇见；碰到 He has run into trouble in his job.他的工作遇到了麻烦。8.take responsibility for 对…负责
Take responsibility for your own learning.对自己的学习负责
9.take control 控制；掌控；掌管
He used brute force to take control.他靠暴力获得了统治权。
10.feel like 摸起来像是…，有…的感觉；想要…做某事 Do you feel like going to a movie? 你想看电影吗? 11.sit back 舒舒服服地坐好 向后靠着坐；袖手旁观
Get on with the work—this is no time to sit back.好好干活，现在可不是坐着休息的时候。
12.make sure 确保，Go and make sure of the place and
time.去把时间和地点弄清楚。
Text B New words ：comparison n.比较，对照；[语]比喻；比较级
compare [to,with]比较;[to]把…比作(com共同+par平等+e→平等的放在一起→比较)：tense n.[语]时，时态；词根：tens=stretch,表示”伸展,趋向“
同根词tensible 可伸长的(tens伸展,趋向+ible能……的→adj.可伸长的)
3：preposition n.介词；前置词 prep.4：normally adv.通常地，在正常情况下(normal标准的+ly……地→adv., 通常地)
词根：norm=rule/norm,表示”规则,规范“ normal adj.正常的
5：precise adj.精确的；确切的(pre在…前的,预先+cise切→预先切好的→精确的)
6：creative adj.创造性的，有创造力的；(create[v.创造，建立]+ive…的→adj.有创造力的
7：enhance vt.提高，增加；改进(en加强+han=high高+ce→v.提高, 增强 v.提高)
8：completely adv.完全地；彻底地；complete adj completion n.完成，结束
9：exclude v.把…排斥在外 词根：clud=close,表示”关闭“ include 包括 clue 线索 11: shun [ʃʌn] vt.避开，回避；避免
12: relegate vt.使降级；使降职；(re反+leg法律+ate表动词→反法律的人被放逐)
13: cheesy adj.（质量）低劣的；下等的 cheese n.奶酪
14: receptive adj.乐于接受的； reception n.接待；欢迎；招待会；接待处
15: frustrating adj.产生挫折的，使人沮丧的，令人泄气的 It's frustrating to have to wait so long.要等这么长时间，真令人懊恼。
16: medium n.媒介；手段，方法(medi中间+um→中间物,媒介)17：profoundly adv.极大地；深刻地 pro 很多，found 发现+ ly，发现很多，深刻
28：translate v.翻译；解释 词根late=bring out,表示”拿出,带出,放“ trans 表示变换,交换
29：credibility n.可靠性，可信性 credit n.信誉，信用 bility表示”动作,性质,状态“
30：plain adv.十足地；绝对地 词根：plain=flat,表示”平坦,明白“
31：corny adj.陈词滥调的 ,老生常谈的;陈旧18：melodic adj.悦耳的；优美动听的
19：grateful adj.感激的，感谢的(grate=grat感激+ful多…的→adj.[to,for]感激的;感谢的)后缀：-ful1.表形容词,”有……的;充满……的“;2.表名词,”满,量“ I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。
20：stubbornly adv.倔强地，固执地，顽固地 stubborn adj.顽固的，固执的
21：ignore v.忽视，对…不予理会 She said her husband ignored her...她说丈夫不关心她。
22：community n.社区；群体(commune公社+ity表名词→community社会,社区)词根：muni= 表示”服务,职责,社区,公共“ com表示―共同‖ 23：majority n.大多数；复数：majorities 24：tongue n.[tʌŋ] 舌头，喙；语言，方言；演说 25：isolated adj.孤独的；孤立的 isolate vt.使孤立(i=in+sol单独+ate表动词→使孤立)26：realize vt.意识到；理解 realization n.认识，领会
(real真实,现实+ize表动词→v.认识到, 了解, 实现, 实行)后缀：-ization表名词,由-ize+-ation组成,”……化“或”发展过程“ 27：immediately adv.立即，马上 [ɪˈmidiɪtli] immediate adj.She answered almost immediately.她几乎立刻就回答了。的 corny jokes.老掉牙的笑话
32：pick-up n.调情;(名词词组)pick-up line 花言巧语
How to be a pick-up artist? 翻译：怎样才能成为调情(把妹)达人？
pick up 动词词组： 捡起；获得；收拾
33：tastefully adv.高雅地；有品位地；雅致地 taste 味道；味；味觉；品味
The room is tastefully furnished.屋里摆设得很雅致。34：undeniably adv.不可否认地，无可辩争地 deniable adj.可否认的，可否定的
35：refinement n.优雅;有礼貌；有教养 refine vt.提炼；改善；使高雅 re表示―再‖
36：coed n.（男女同校大学中的）女大学生
Phrase And Expressions
1：make sense 有道理；有意义 This sentence doesn't make any sense.这个句子没有意义 2：hear out 听某人把话说完
She needed him to hear her out and render advice.她需要他把话听完并提出建议。
3：measuring stick 量尺;标准 This is an inadequate measuring stick.那样是不适当的！4：take…for granted 认为…是理所当然的
Don't take his help for granted.不要认为他的帮助是应该的
5：get the most out of 获益最多；充分利用 6：exclude…from 把…排斥在外 Forgive me.You and your sister l must exclude from this.原谅我，当然你和你姐姐除外。7：make an effort 尽力；努力
More and more persons are make an effort to quIt'smoking currently.目前越来越多的人正在尽力戒烟。
8：be struck by 被…所打动；迷恋某人（某物）9：sell oneself short 低估；轻视；小瞧（自己）10：set…apart 使与众不同；使突出
His intelligence set him apart from the other boys in his class．他的才华在班上的男孩中很突出 11：be dying to do … 渴望；极想 去做某事 Unit 2 A Path to Follow Text A Cracked or Perfect: We Can Make a Difference!New words 1：cracked adj.有裂缝的；破裂的 crack 裂纹复数：cracks 过去式：cracked 过去分词：cracked 现在分词：cracking 第三人称单数：cracks 2：bearer n.持票人；送信人；搬运工人 3：pot n.罐；容器；陶盆
4：pole n.[物]极点，顶点；地极；杆子
5：deliver vi.递送；传送 He delivered them the goods.他给他们送来了一些货物。
6：portion n.一部分 词根：port =part/pide,表示”部分,分开“ 7：stream n.河流，小河，溪 8：master n.硕士；(男)主人；大师
9：accomplishment n.成就；成绩 accomplish vt.完成；达到（目的）；
10：imperfection n.不完美；缺点，瑕疵 perfect adj.完美的；
11：miserable adj.悲惨的；令人痛苦的；非常难受的 词根：miser=wretched,表示”可怜的“(miser可怜的+able可以……的→adj.痛苦的，悲惨的)
12：perceive v.将…理解为；将…视为；认为(per全部+ceive抓→全部抓住→发觉)
词根：ceive=take/hold/seize, 表示”拿,抓,握住“
13：bitter adj.令人不快的；使人悲痛的 a long and bitter dispute 漫长的激烈争论 bitterness n.苦味；痛苦；愤愤不平
14：apologize vi.道歉，认错； I apologize for being late...我为自己的迟到致歉。
15：load n.负荷；负担；装载；工作量 反义词unload 卸货；去除负担
16：flaw n.瑕疵，缺点；错误
指结构或组织上的缺点，如破裂之处。用作比喻意义时，指品格上的缺陷
17：compassion n.怜悯，同情；恻隐之心 词根：pass=feeling,表示”感情“;18：trail n.小路；小径
19：reply n.回答，答复；(re回+ply折→折回去→答复)
20：decorate vt.装饰；装潢，布置 decoration 装饰品
21：grace v.为…增色；为…锦上添花;装饰 词根：grat=pleasing,表示”感激,高兴“ 22：moral n.寓意，教训;教益
23：being n.存在；生物；人；要素，本质
Phrases and Expressions
1：be ashamed of 为…感到羞愧，惭愧 ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞耻的;难为情的
There is nothing to be ashamed of.没有什么可难为情的。
the poor cracked pot was ashamed of its imperfection and miserable that it was able to accomplish only half of what it had been made to do.破陶罐因为自己的瑕疵而羞惭难当，为只能完成一半的工作而痛苦不堪。
2：leak out 渗漏，泄露； leak vi.漏出；透露 3：fell sorry for 怜悯；同情 I feel sorry for you.我为你感到惋惜。
4：take notice of 注意，注意到，理睬
Don't take any notice of him;he is kidding around.别理他，他不过是在胡闹。
5：cheer … up 振作起来;使变得更高兴
Cheer up, Becky, and let's go on trying.” 贝基，打起精神来！我们再去试它一试。‖
6：take advantage of 利用;欺骗，占…的便宜 Take advantage of low-season airfares.利用淡季飞机票价。
Text B A Priceless lesson in Humility New words 1：humility n.谦逊，谦虚 词根：hum = earth , 表示“土,地” lity是抽象名词后缀
2：sightseeing n.观光，游览 词根：sigh t= vision, 表示“眼光；观察，看” 3：treasure n.金银财宝；宝藏；珍宝 trea 可靠的，镇店之宝+sure 确信，4：fellow adj.同伴的；同类的
5：unfortunate adj.不幸的，倒霉的； fortunate adj.侥幸的，幸运的；
6：panhandler n.乞丐；叫花子
7：folk n.人们;民族；家属 folk song 民歌 8：elderly adj.上了年纪的；过了中年的；较老的 与older 差不多
9：extend v.延伸；舒展；展开（尤指手臂或腿）10：reflex n.反射动作；本能反应;11：loose change n.（口袋或包里随身带的）零钱 pin money 零花钱
12：prejudice n.成见，偏见，歧视
13：assume v.假定；假设；认为(as加强动作+sume拿,取→拿住→认为是……[假定], 词根：sume=take,表示“拿,取”
14：incident n.事件，发生的事情（尤指不寻常的或讨厌的）
偶然事件(in进入+cid落下+ent→掉进来的事件)15：reawaken v.勾起，唤起，再次引发（感情、回忆等）re awake n
16：core n.核心(信念、价值、原则等)，精髓；(cor心脏,一致+e→n.果核, 中心, 核心)
17：reaffirm vt.重申；再次确定 re再次 + affirm 肯定，证实
18：immigrant n.（外来）移民，侨民 migrate vi.迁移，移往；移动
19：no-nonsense adj.简单直接的；言简意赅的；不说废话的
20：roofer n.修理（或盖）屋顶的工人 21：cashier n.出纳员 cash n.现金 22：mechanic n.技工，机修工,汽车修理工；机械师 machine n.机械;机器
23：humble adj.（级别或地位）低下的；卑微的(hum土,地+ble→接近地面→低下的)
24：eventually adv.终于，最后；终究
(eventual [adj.最后的,结局的,最终的]+ly表副词→adv.最后, 终于)
25：busboy n.<美>餐馆勤杂工
26：witness v.当场看到；目击（多指罪行或事故）wit n.机智；才智
27：self-induced adj.自己诱导的，(疾病、问题等)自己造成的
Phrases and Expressions
1：take / go on a trip 旅行 Mom, may I go on a trip to Beijing? 妈妈，我可以去北京旅游吗？ 2：in an instant 马上；立刻 I shall be back in an instant.我马上就回来。3：lose sight of 忽略；忘记
We must not lose sight of this fact.我们一定不要忽略这个事实。
4：Honduras 洪都拉斯（中美洲国家）
9：tranportation n.运送，运输；交通运输系统 10：available adj.可获得的；可购得的；可找到的，(a有vail效用,利益+able能……的→adj.[用于物] 11：propaganda n.宣传，鼓吹(pro多+pag合同,商定+anda→宣传)
12：transition n.过渡，转变，变迁 transit(trans变换+it行走→n.输送,运送)Key Sentences 1：I had acted out of prejudice—I had judged another person simply for what I assumed she had to be.偏见影响了我的行为—仅凭主观臆断，我便对他人作出了评价。2：She reminded me of my belief in humility and to always keep my eyes and heart open.她提醒我谦卑是我人生信条，应当永远擦亮双眼，敞开心扉。
Unit 3 Green Transportation Text A Bus Chick’s Manifesto New words 1：manifesto n.宣言；声明；告示 后缀：-o 表名词,“音乐术语”;2.表名词,“人,物或状态” 2：privilege n.特殊利益；优惠待遇；特权(privi=priv单个+lege法律→有个人法律→特权)3：haunt n.常去的地方 They say ghosts haunt this house.据说这所房子里常闹鬼。
4：symbolize vi.象征;是…的象征;代表(symbol[n.符号,象征]+ize表动词→v.用符号表示;象征)5：independence n.独立，自主；自立 后缀：-ence表名词, “ 性质,状态 ” 6：peer n.身份（或地位）相同的人;同龄人；同辈；贵族
He is a peer.他是一个贵族。
7：assistance n.帮助，援助；支持 assist v.帮助；援助 ance表名词, “ 性质,状态 ” 8：beckon v.吸引，诱惑;（用头或手的动作）示意，召唤
13：vehicle n.车辆；交通工具
14：commute n.通勤；上下班路程 词根：mut = change, 表示“改变”
15：aware adj.意识到的；知道的;明白(a在……+ware注意→adj.意识到的)
16：negative adj.消极的，坏的；有害的;(negate否认+ive……的→negative否定的)
17：impact n.巨大影响；强大作用(im进去+pact紧的;结合→压进去的力量→影响力)18：sprawl n.随意扩展；蔓延；蔓延物 19：fatality n.(事故、战争、疾病等中的)死亡 20：subject n.主题，话题；学科，科目 v.使经受；使遭受
21：rarely adv.很少地；罕有地；
22：coupe n.双座四轮轿式马车，双门小汽车 23：primary adj.首要的，主要的；基本的 词根：prim=first/chief,表示“第一,主要的;首要
24：slippery adj.滑溜的；滑得抓不住（或站不稳、难以行走）的
slippery like a fish 滑得像条鱼似的
25：practical adj.有用的，适用的；(pract实践,实际,应用 + ical ……的
26：sensible adj.明智的；合乎情理的；（服装等）朴素而实用
sens = feel,表示”感觉“(sens感觉+ible能……的→能感觉的→明显的
27：occasional adj.偶尔的，偶然的 occasion n.机会，时机；场合 28：inconvenience n.带来不便者；麻烦的人（事）；不方便；麻烦
I don't want to put you to any inconvenience.我不希望给你带来任何的不便
29：eavesdrop vi.偷听, 窃听（别人的谈话）30：gossip n.流言蜚语，谣言；爱讲闲话的人 31：giggle vi.咯咯地笑；傻笑；娇笑一下；情不自禁地笑出声来
I don't believe in future life.我不信有来生。Proper Names
Pike Place Market 派克市场（位于美国西雅图）Seattle Center 西雅图中心
Puget Sound 普吉特海湾（位于美国华盛顿州）Mount Rainier 雷尼尔山（美国华盛顿州西部的一座火山）
Key Sentences
1：I began to question my right to subject my subject my I did it only for a giggle.我做那事只是为了取乐。32：toddler n.蹒跚行走的人；学步的幼儿
33：nap n.小睡，打盹 I took a nap after lunch on a hot day.热天午饭后我小睡片刻。
34：camaraderie n.同志之爱，友情;同事情谊 35：vibrant adj.充满生气的；生机勃勃的(vibr摇摆+ant……的→振动的,有活力的)36：majesty n.庄严，威严;雄伟壮观
beloved city to the impact of my choices.我开始反思；我有什么权利让我钟爱的城市因为我的选择而遭受破坏。
2：I don’t like drivers who ride the brakes 我不喜欢开车时一直脚踩刹车的司机。
Text B Bike to Work : Reasons You Should Try New words
1：principle n.原则，原理；准则，道义
37：sacred adj.宗教的；神圣的；受崇敬的，值得崇敬的
(sacr神圣+ed……的→adj.神圣的;宗教的;庄严的)38：resource n.资源；物力，财力 Phrases and Expressions 1：on demand 一经要求；点播 The bill is payable on demand.这张支票，来取即付。2：except for 除…之外;若不是
Except for you, I should be dead by now.要不是你，我现在就死了。
3：leave … behind 永久离开（某人、某地或某国）Don't leave me behind.不要把我忘了。4：subject…to… 使经受；使遭受
Women have been subjected to unjust treatment for too long．很长时间以来，妇女一直受到歧视
5：believe in 认为某事好（或对、可接受）；信赖；信仰
(prin主要的+cip拿,抓,握住+le→主要的必须被抓住的→[原则]的东西要抓住)
2：convenience n.方便，便利；适宜
con共同+veni=ven来,走+ence表名词→全部能来,没有障碍)
3：stumbling block n.障碍物，绊脚石 stumble n.绊脚，失足；差错
Jack is a stumbling block to our plan.杰克是我们计划的绊脚石。
4：intention n.意图，目的；打算；计划(intent[adj.目不转睛的,热切的 n.意图]+ion表名词
5：reputed adj.普遍认为；号称…的 He is reputed for his honesty.他以诚实见称。
6：footprint n.（尤指软地上的）脚印；足迹 7：abstract adj.抽象的(与具体经验相对)，理论上的； 8：small-scale adj.小型的；小范围的；小规模的 9：mundane adj.平凡的；单调的 I found the job very mundane.我觉得这工作非常单调。10：inpidual adj.一个人的；供一人用的
11：entrench v.使处于牢固地位;牢固确立(en在……里面+trench切,割→在壕沟里面)12：sceptic n.惯持怀疑态度的人；怀疑论者 13：concede v.承认(某事属实、合乎逻辑等)；容许(con共同+ced行走,+e→共同向后走一步 14：generate v.产生；引起
15：belch vi.（大量）喷出，吐出；打嗝，嗳气；He gave a loud belch.他打了一个响嗝
16：toxic adj.有毒的；中毒的；引起中毒的(tox毒+ic……的→adj.有毒的;中毒的)17：fumes n.（烟、煤气、新的油漆等发出的）难闻的气味；烟雾;气
Exhaust fumes are bad for your health.废气对健康有害。
18：springboard n.（有助于开展某事的）基础，出发点；（有助于成功的）跳板
19：reap v.取得（成果）；收获
20：pidend n.红利，股息，利息，股利(pide[v.分开]+end→划分,区分[红利,也是划分出去的])21：currently adv.当前，目前；通常
22：petrol n.汽油 petrol station n.加油站 23：prohibitively adv.（费用等）过高地，过分地 It is prohibitively expensive.价格贵得吓人。24：pump n.泵；打气筒；
25：expend vt.花费；消费；耗费（钱财）
26：odd adj.剩余的；临时的；偶尔发生的 to do odd jobs around the house 在家里干杂活
27：purchase v.购买；采购；(pur=pro+chase追赶→为了追求,获得,所以[买])28：kit n.衣物和装备；成套工具；成套设备;配套元件 29：extremely adv.极端地；非常，很；She found it extremely difficult to get a job.她发觉找工作极其困难。30：regular adj.有规律的；规则，整齐的(regul规
定+ar表形容词→adj.31：average adj.平常的；普通的；一般的;平均的The average length of a woman's menstrual cycle is 28 days.妇女的平均月经周期是28天。
32：offset vt.抵消；补偿；弥补 The gains offset the losses 得失相当
33：incentive n.动机；刺激；激励；鼓励 34：scheme n.计划；体系；方案；体制
35：lease v.出租；,租用（尤指房地产或设备）to take out a lease on a house 办理房屋租约
36：subsidize v.资助；以金钱收买；向…发放津贴 37：deduct vt.(从总量中)扣除，减去；
You can deduct the twenty-five cents out of my allowance.你可在我的零用钱里扣去二角五分钱 38：efficient adj.有效率的；能干的(ef出+fici做,制作+ent……的→能做出事来→有效的)
39：basically adv.基本地；从根本上说；总的说来
Yes, that's basically correct.对，基本正确。40：well-being 健康；安乐；幸福
41：aerobic adj 有氧的；增强心肺功能的 42：boost vt.促进，提高;使增长；使兴旺 43：fitness n.健康；健壮
44：brisk adj.快的；敏捷的；忙碌的
45：concentration n.集中；专心；专注(con共同+centric 中心的)→同中心的+ ion动作或状态)
46：alertness n.警戒，机敏；戒心 alert adj.警觉的，警惕的
47：underestimate vt.低估；对…估计不足；看轻
We often underestimate our potentialities.我们常常低估自己的潜力
48：acuity n.（视力、思维等的）敏锐；敏度 49：edge n.(微弱的)优势；边;
50：decisive adj.决定性的；关键的；在于
51：promotion n.提拔，晋升；提升，升级(pro向前+mot动+3→向前动→促进)Phrases and Expressions 1：in principle 大体上；基本上 Her idea is sound in principle.从原则上来说，她的观点是正确的。2：when it comes to… 当涉及某事（或做某事）时 3：add up to 结果是；表示 4：(all)on your own 独立地
5：in general 总的来说；从总体上看 6：bear/keep in mind that 记住 7：depending on 视乎；决定于 8：end up 最终成为；最后处于 9：in terms of 谈及；就…而言；在…方面 10：get/have…under your belt 已经获得某物
favoritism.因为神不偏待任何人。11：bitterness n.苦味；痛苦；愤愤不平12：constantly adv.始终；一直；重复不断地 13：teenager n.十几岁的青少年；十三岁到十九岁的少年
14：bonding n.人与人之间的关系（或联结）；连[搭，焊，胶，粘]接（哈；邦迪创口贴）
15：maid of honor(尤其用于美国英语，指未婚的)首席女傧相，伴娘 maid 未婚女子
16：apartment n.（通常指在同一楼层的）公寓套房 Phrases and Expressions
1：on one’s hands and kness 趴在地上
Jim is on his hands and kness on the floor.He is looking Unit 4 Friends and Friendship Text A The Great Gift New words 1：kindergarten n.幼儿园，学前班 Little tykes play in kindergarten.小孩在幼儿园玩耍。
2：scrub v.用力擦洗，刷洗 The door needs a scrub.门需要刷一下
3：upset adj.不高兴的；失望的 Don't be upset;I was only joking.不要生气，我只是开玩笑。
4：bicker v.为小事）斗嘴，争吵 The two children were always bickering.那两个孩子总是争吵。
5：lifelong adj.终身的；毕生的 A moment's error can bring a lifelong regret.一失足成千古恨。6：sibling n.兄弟，姐妹；
7：fulfillment n.完成；实现；满足 fulfill vt.履行（诺言等）；执行（命令等）；达到（目的）
8：frequently adv.频繁地，屡次地；经常 frequent adj.频繁的，时常发生的
9：subtle adj.微妙的；不易察觉的；不明显的A real flame of love is a subtle thing.真正的爱情之火是一种微妙的东西
10：favoritism n.偏爱，偏袒 For God does not show
for his toy plane.吉姆双手和膝盖伏在地板上，正在寻找他的玩具飞机 2：you name it 凡你想得起的；不管什么
You name it, it was in brown.但凡你想得到的，就都是棕色的。
3：long for 渴望 The children are longing for holidays.孩子们在盼望假期。
4：get along 和睦相处，关系良好
Key Sentences
1：We used to fight all the time over
toys,food,attention,what to watch on television-you name it，we bickered about it at some point
我们从小一直为了玩具、食物、大人的关注、看什么电视节目而争吵，凡是可以争可以吵的，都吵过了。2：When she gave birth to three daughters – separtated by only four years – the fulfillment of her dream had only just begun.母亲在四年内相继生了我们三姐妹，她的梦想也开始逐渐成为现实。
Text B The Colors of Friendship New words 1：claim v.声称；断言；声称(claim呼喊,叫喊→n.&v.要求;论断)2：interrupt v.打断（别人的话等）；阻止；打岔(inter在……中间+rupt断裂→讲话中间被打断)3：serenity n.安详；宁静；平静
To cast it off might be to regain serenity.把它抛开，可以使心神重归平静。
4：chuckle vi.轻声地笑；咯咯笑 He shook his head with a soft chuckle.他轻轻地笑着摇了摇头。5：gaiety n.快乐；高兴； ety后缀表―状态‖ 6：scarce adj.缺乏的，不足的；罕见的 The food was scarce during the war.战争期间食物短缺。
7：precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的；贵重的(preci价值,估价+ous……的→有价值的)8：vitamin n.维生素；维他命(vita=vit生命+min→维持生命的要素)9：pumpkin n.南瓜；南瓜的果肉，南瓜囊 10：mango n.芒果；芒果树；泡菜 11：papaya n.番木瓜，木瓜
12：striking adj.显著的；引人注目的；异乎寻常的 13：stand vt.（尤用于否定句和疑问句，强调不喜欢）容忍，忍受；
14：cause n.（支持或为之奋斗的）事业，目标，思想 15：passion n.激情，热情； pass=feeling,表示”感情 16：poinsettia n.猩猩木；一品红
One of the most popular plants at Christmas is the(poinsettia).圣诞节最普遍的树木之一还有一品红。17：poppy n.[植]罂粟（花）； 18：chief n.族长；酋长；首领；
19：bishop n.（基督教某些教派管辖大教区的）主教 20：authority n.权威；威信；影响力 author n.著作家；作者；创造者
21：indigo n.靛蓝，靛青；靛蓝色
22：determination n.决心；果断；坚定 determine vi.（使）下决心，（使）做出决
23：superficial adj.表面（上）的；肤浅的，缺乏深度的
24：represent vt.作为…的象征；象征；代表、re相反 present adj.现在的；目前的
25：reflection n.反映；（关于某课题的）思考;沉思；深思
26：twilight n.黎明，暮色，薄暮；黄昏 27：boast vt.自夸，自吹自擂；夸口说
28：convinced adj.确信的；深信的；有坚定信仰的 29：superiority n.优越（性），优势 30：startling adj.惊人的；认人震惊的 31：flash n.闪光
32：roll v.发出持续的声音;使（眼球等）左右转动；（使）原地转圈；滚动 33：boom v.轰鸣；轰响
34：relentlessly adv.不停地；持续强烈地；不减弱地 35：crouch v.蹲；蹲下；蹲伏 36：comfort n.安慰；慰藉；宽慰
37：clamor n.喧闹声；嘈杂声；吵闹(clam呼喊,叫喊+or表名词→n.喧哗;吵闹)
38：dominate v.支配；控制；左右；影响 39：unique adj.唯一的；独一无二的 40：stretch v.伸展；舒展
41：reminder n.引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物 42：appreciate v.欣赏；赏识；重视 Phrases and Expressions
1：blow your own trumpet 自吹自擂 2：be willing to 愿意；乐意
3：in the midst of 当某事发生时；在某人做某事时
Key Sentences
1.and so the colors went on boasting, each convinced of his or her own superiority.这些色彩继续吹嘘，每个都认为自己才是最优秀的。2.The colors crouched down in fear,drawing close to one another for comfort.所有色彩被吓得蜷缩成一团，挤在一起互相慰藉。
人（或事物）com一起fort堡垒,安全感
20：motivate v.推动…甘愿苦干；激励；激发(motive动机,目的+ate表动词→motivate
21：pump v.（液体）涌出；涌流；奔流
Unit5 Music and Leisure Text A Music as a Universal Language New words 1：universal adj.全世界的；共同的(uni一个+vers转+e→统一旋转,宇宙+al 状态)2：define v.解释（词语的含义）；给…下定义(de加强+fine限制→加强限制)3：melody n.旋律；曲调；（尤指）主旋律(mel歌曲+ody歌曲→歌唱歌曲)4：beat v.（使）规律作响，作节奏运动(beat打,击→n.敲打, 拍子 v.打, 打败)5：tune n.曲调；曲子 6：personal adj.个人的；私人的 7：definition n.定义
8：vary v.（大小、形状等）相异，不同，有别(vary变化→v.改变, 变更, 使多样化)9：bucket n.（有提梁的）桶 10：shudder v.发抖，打颤，战栗 11：variety n.不同种类，多种式样 12：genre n.体裁，类型
13：perspective n.客观判断力；权衡轻重的能力(per全部+spect看+ive……的→看透了的)14：icebreaker n.消除隔阂的行动，活跃气氛的话 ice 冰+ breaker 破坏者（破冰的话）15：option n.可选择的事物；选择
16：evoke v.引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象）(en放进+vok出声,叫喊,看+e→唤起)17：soothe v.安慰；抚慰；劝慰
18：unwind v.放松；轻松 un 不+wind 风，缠绕=放松
19：comfort v.安慰；抚慰；宽慰 n.令人感到安慰的
22：productive adj.有效益的；富有成效的(product[n.产品,产物;]+ive……的→adj.23：creativity n.创造力(create[v.创造,创作;引起,造成,建立]+ive……的→adj
24：aspect n.方面；层面 词根：spect=look/see,表示“看”
25：instrument n.乐器 instruct vt.教，讲授；教导
26：imagination n.想象力；想象(imagine设想+ation行为,过程,结果→n.想象力；想象
27：crave v.渴望；热望 Many young children crave attention.许多小孩子渴望得到关心 28：addiction n.瘾；入迷；嗜好 29：cope v.（成功地）对付，处理
30：tension n.紧张局势（或关系、状况）不安；紧张气氛(tens伸展,趋向+ion 名词后缀
31：inspiration n.灵感(inspire [v.鼓舞,激起;使产生灵感]+ ation 表名词 → n.灵感;32：unlock v.（用钥匙）开…的锁
Phrases and Expressions
1：relate to 产生共鸣；领略；了解，认同 2：in hand 正在处理中 Key Sentences
1: I could’t carry a tune in a big old bucket,yet I still sing along with my favorite song.我虽然唱歌跑调，却仍爱哼唱我最喜欢的歌曲。2：Music can put things into perspective.音乐让我们更好地看待事物。
Text B Why We Need Vacations New words 1：warehouse n.仓库；货栈；货仓 2：brochure n.资料（或广告）手册
3：getaway n.短假；假日休闲地（尤指犯罪后的）逃跑;（比赛的）开始
4：standard adj.普通的；正常的；标准的(stand确立+ard→n.标准, 规格 adj.标准的)5：routine n.常规；正常顺序 route n.路；（公共汽车和列车等的）常规路线
6：sample v.尝试；体验 n.样品；标本 7：suitcase n.（旅行用的）手提箱 suit 一套外衣+casevt.把…装入箱（或盒等）内
8：pack v.收拾（行李）；装（箱）package n.包裹；包装袋
9：stretch n.（连续的）一段时间 vt.伸展；张开；充分利用；使紧张
10：endless adj.永久的；不断的；无休止的 11：temporary adj.短暂的；暂时的；临时的 词根tempor =time,表示“时间或时间引起的现象”;12：staging post n.中途站（或机场、停靠码头）;补给站 staging n.分段运输；工作台
13：somehow adv.由于某种未知的原因；不知为什么 14：afterwards adv.以后；后来
Afterwards she was sorry for what she'd said.后来她后悔说了那些话。
15：coincidence n.（令人吃惊的）巧合，巧事 coincide(co共同+in进入+cid落下+e→共同落进)16：restore v.恢复（某种情况或感受）(re回+store[n.&v.贮藏, 贮备, 存储] 17：switch v.（使）改变，转变，突变
18：pattern n.模式；方式；图案；榜样 a pattern of wavy lines 波浪形线条图案
19：suspended animation n.蛰伏状态;假死 suspend vt.暂停；延缓 animation n.生气，活泼
20：grind n.令人疲劳（或厌倦）的工作；苦差事
Do you find learning English a grind? 你觉得学英语是一件苦差事吗？
21：space n.一段时间；期间 n.空间，太空 a daring walk in space 勇敢的太空漫步
22：tend v.往往会；常常就 vt.照料，照顾；护理词根：tend=stretch,表示“伸展,趋向” 23：recreational adj.娱乐的；消遣的
24：relaxation n.放松；休息；用于放松消遣的时间(relax松驰,放松+ation表名词→n.松驰,消遣)25：naturally adv.顺理成章地；自然地；当然地 natural adj.自然的；物质的
26：relation n.（事物之间的）关系，关联，联系 relate vt.& vi.（把…）联系起来
27：punctuate v.不时打断(punct点,变尖,指,针+uate=ate表动词→加上点→加标点
28：pinpoint v.明确指出；确定（位置或时间）pin n.钉；别针+ point n.点；要点；标点
29：landmark n.（标志重要阶段的）里程碑 land 陆地+mark 标志，记号
30：marker n.（表示方位的）标记，记号，唛头 31：recall v.记起；回忆起；回想起 32：adventure n.冒险；冒险经历；奇遇
Adventure is the salt of life to some men.对有些男子而言，冒险是生活的乐趣。
33：potential adj.潜在的；可能的(potent[adj.强有力的]+ial……的→adj.潜在的
Phrases and Expressions
1：look forward to（高兴地）盼望，期待
I look forward to your good news.我等待你的好消息。2：make a, no,some,etc.difference 有（或没有，有些等）作用，关系，影响
3：in itself（加强语气）本身；本质上
The money in itself meant nothing to them.这钱本身对他们来说是没有什么价值的。4：over time 随着时间的过去
Over time, the technology is diffused and adopted by other countries.久而久之，这项技术传播到了其他国家并得到利用。Key Sentences 1． There’s more to a vacation than can be described in a warehouse full of travel brochures.关于度假的好处，绝非仓库中堆满的旅游手册所能穷尽。2． We somehow expect to feel differently afterwards and are usually proved right.不知道为什么，我们总是期待度假后会有不同的感受，而事实也往往如此。
13：acre n.英亩；土地，耕地
The playground covers over an acre in extent.操场的面积超过一英亩。
14：location n.地点，位置 15：detailed adj.详细的 16：square n.平方 17：project n.专题研究
18：unrealistic adj.不切实际的；不实事求是的 This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you.你年纪轻轻，不要老做白日梦。
19：require v.需要；依靠(re再+quir寻求,询问+e→再寻求→请求)
20：original adj.原来的；起初的(origin[n.起源,由来;Unit6 Life Lessons Text A Keep Your Dream New words 1：ranch n.牧场 2：fund-raising n.筹款
Encourage her to get involved in fund-raising for charity.鼓励她参加慈善募捐活动 3：itinerant adj.巡回的；四处奔波的 4：trainer n.训兽师；教练员
5：stable n.马厩 adj.稳定的；沉稳[持重]的(st站,立+able能……的→能站的→稳定的)6：race n.赛跑
7：track n.跑道 小路，小道；痕迹
8：career n.经历；事业 a career in accounting 会计职业
9：continually adv.频繁地(continue继续,连续+ally……地→continually不断地)10：senior n.毕业班学生
11：describle v.描述；形容 Can you describe him to me? 你能向我描述一下他的样子吗？
12：diagram n.简图；示意图(dia穿过,二者之间,对着+gram图→交叉对着画→图表)
出身,来历]+al……的→adj.最初的，21：breeding n.（动植物的）生育，繁殖 the breeding of horses 马的饲养
22：stock n.家畜；牲畜 股份，股票；库存 the London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所
23：stud n.种公畜；种马 I'm going to put the horse out to stud.我打算把这匹马用来配种。
24：fee n.专业服务费；报酬 a capitation fee for each pupil 摊派到每个小学生头上的收费 25：rewrite v.重写；改写
26：realistic adj.能够实现的(realist [n.现实主义者] + ic……的→adj.现实[主义]的)
27：reconsider v.重新考虑 I will reconsider my decision.我将重新考虑我的决定。
28：grade n.成绩等级；阶段，阶级 I flunked math in second grade.我二年级时数学不及格。
29：decision n.决定，决择 a very courageous decision 十分勇敢的决定 30：state v.说明；声明
31：assemble v.聚集；集合 vt.装配，(as不断+sembl相类似,一样+e→不断[走向]同一个地方 32：frame v.给…做框；给…镶边 33：fireplace n.壁炉
34：stealer n.窃贼 I was something of a dream stealer.那个时候我是一个偷梦者。35：fortunately adv.幸运地 36：gumption n.勇气；魄力
It takes gumption to quit a good paying job.要辞去一个待遇很好的工作需要勇气。
Text B Go for it!New words
1：incredible adj.难以置信的、荒谬 The plot of this book is incredible.这本书的情节不可信。
2：sheer adj.完全的；纯粹的 an act of sheer bravado 纯属逞能的举动
3：guts n.勇气；胆量 Let anyone who has guts step forward!有种的站出来！
Phrases and Expressions 1：as a resuit 因此；结果 She died as a result of her injuries.她由于受伤而死亡。2：in detail 详细地
They are agreed in principle but not in detail.他们的看法在大体上是一致的，但是在细节上有所不同。3：make up one’s mind 下决心 It is early days yet to make up one's mind.要下决心现在还为时过早。4：be something of a… 算得上是… 5：give up on… 放弃；对…不抱希望
Please don't give up on me.Shall we love until judgment day? 请不要放弃我，我们好好爱下去好吗？
Key Sentences 1． It all goes back to a story about a young man who was the som of an itinerant horse trainer who would go from stable to stable,race track to race track,farm to farm and ranchto ranch,training horses.这是很久以前的事，和一个男孩有关。男孩的是个巡回马术师，总是奔波在驯马的路上，从一个马房到另一个马房，从一个赛马场到另一个赛马场，从一个农场到另一个农场，从一个牧场到另一个牧场。
2． Finally,after sitting on it for a week,the boy truned in the same paper,making no changes at all.最后，经过一周的仔细考虑，男孩把原稿交了上去，一字未改。
4：event n.比赛项目；大事；活动 The event is open to all comers.所有人均可参加这项比赛 5：block n.起跳台；出发台 n.块；街区 6：false start v.起跳犯规；抢跳
7：disqualify v.取消（某人）的资格 dis 取消，不 + qualify vt.& vi.（使）具有资格；有权
8：pe v.跳水 When you pe, you must keep your legs straight.跳水时腿要伸直
9：resurface v.再次露出 re再次+ surface n.表面；外表 vi.浮出水面；在表面工作；显露
10：evident adj.显而易见的；显然的(e出+vid看,查+ent……的→看出来了→明显的)
11：flail v.胡乱摆动 vt.用连枷打；鞭打；抽打No fence against flail.飞来横祸不胜防。12：freestyle n.自由式游泳竞赛；自由泳 13：titter v.窃笑
14：contender n.竞争者;争夺者a contender for a gold medal in the Olympics 奥运金牌的争夺者 15：pitiful adj.糟糕的 pity n.怜悯；同情； 16：desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的(de去掉+sper希望+ate……的→去掉希望的)17：stroke n.划水动作
18：exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的(exhaust耗尽;抽完+ed……的→adj.耗尽的, 疲惫的)
19：awkward adj.笨拙的I was too awkward to help in kitchen.我笨手笨脚,在厨房里帮不上什么忙。20：yell v.叫喊；吼叫 How can you yell at an old man like that? 你怎么能对一位老人那样大喊大叫？
21：courtesy n.礼貌的行为（或言语）(court庭院,宫廷+esy 来自宫廷的礼节-礼貌的行为
22：athlete n.运动员
She is a natural athlete.她是个天生的运动健将。
23：arrogantly adv.傲慢地 Jeff: He is indeed arrogantly lovely.杰夫：还真算是狂得可爱呢！24：rival n.竞争对手(riv=river+al人,物,状态→竞争)25：underdog n.处于劣势的人（或团队、国家等）；弱者 She always identifies with the underdog.她总是同情受害者。
Phrases and Expressions 1：the other night 不久前的晚上
“I'm sorry about the other night, Mike.―迈克，对那天晚上的事，我很抱歉。
2：come across（偶然）遇见；发现
.Why don't you come across to our house this evening? 今晚你何不到我们家来坐坐? 3：be out for 试图得到（或做）
Listen out for your name to be called.注意倾听叫到你的名字。
4：let alone 更不用说;何况； 别说
We can't afford a bicycle, let alone a car.我们连自行车也买不起，更不用说汽车了。
4：situation n.情况；形势；局面(situate使处于+ion动作或状态等→n.情形,境遇)
5：curious adj.求知欲强的；好奇的(cur关心+ious……的→关心的,好奇的)
6：mood n.情绪；心情
in a bullish mood 满怀希望
7：victim n.受害者；牺牲品 the luckless victim of the attack 遭到袭击的不幸受害者
8：complain v.抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚(com全部+plain=plaint抱怨→v.抱怨, 悲叹, 控诉)
9：protest v.（尤指公开）反对；抗议(pro在前面[提出]+test测试,试验,证据→提出证明→,反对 10：junk n.无用的东西；无价值的东西 11：reflect n.认真思考；沉思 12：company n.公司；商行
13：involve v.牵涉；牵连 in进+volv 卷+e 卷进来——》牵涉
14：accident n.事故；意外遭遇(in进入+cid落下+ent→掉进来的事件)
15：communications n.通信；交通联系 16：surgery n.外科手术
17：intensive care n.（医院的）特别护理；重症监护
She needed intensive care for several days.她需要几天的特别护理。
18：release v.释放；放出；放走
Please release the parachute when there is an emergency.有紧急情况，请打开降落伞。
Unit7 Attitude Is Altitude Text A A Motivator New words 1：motivator n.鼓动者；促进因素，激发因素 2：employee n.受雇者；雇员
It is a fairly shoddy way to treat an employee.这样对待雇员真是十分可鄙。
3：positive adj.积极乐观的
19：scar n.伤疤；伤痕
Her face was disfigured by a long red scar.她脸上一条红色的长疤使她破相了。
20：decline v.谢绝；婉言拒绝 n.下降；（力量、健康、品格、权力、价值等的）衰退(de向下+clin倾斜,斜坡+e→向下斜)
21：scared adj.害怕的；恐惧的；畏惧的 She is scared of going out alone.她不敢一个人外出。22：consciousness n.清醒状态；知觉
He lost consciousness at the first whiff of ether.他一嗅到乙醚便失去了知觉。
23：paramedic n.护理人员；医务辅助人员(para半,类似,辅助+medic医师,实习医生→n.护理人员)24：wheel v.用有轮之物推动 n.轮子；旋转； a car with four-wheel drive 四轮驱动轿车
25：emergency room n.（医院）急诊室(emerge[v.浮现]+ency表名词→突然出现的事情)26：burly adj.高大强壮的；魁梧的 They are all burly chaps.他们个个都是彪形大汉
27：allergic adj.（对…）变应的；过敏的 Alice is allergic to the fur of cats.艾丽斯对猫的皮毛过敏。
28：gravity n.重力；地球引力 2：严肃；庄严(grav重+ity→重力)29：laughter n.笑；笑声
30：attitude n.态度；看法(at在+itude性质,状态等→在于什么的状态→态度，看法)Phrases and Expressions 1：cut away 切除；砍掉；剪去
He cut away the material which he didn't need.他切掉了不需要的那块材料。
2：reflect on 对…沉思 You must reflect on what answer to give.你必须仔细考虑怎么答复。3：involve…in… 把…牵涉到…
4：take action 采取行动 We have to take action to stop them.我们得采取行动来制止他们.5：be allergic to 对…过敏
In that case, you might be allergic to seafood.医生:那么说, 你有可能是海鲜过敏.6：thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为
Thanks to your help, we were successful.由于你的帮助, 我们得以成功.Key Sentences
1． After 18 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care,he was released from the hospital with rods placed in his back.经过18个小时的手术抢救和数周的重症护理后，他出院了，后背植入了金属棒。
2． After all, today is the tomorrow you worried about yesterday.毕竟，今天就是昨天所担心的那个明天。Text B Attitude Is Everything Newx words
1：achieve v.（凭长期努力）达到（某种目标、地位、标准）(a=to+chieve=chief头→到头→)
2：monitor v.监视(器)；检查 a monitor with a 21 inch screen 21英寸屏幕的显示器
3：performance n.表现；工作情况 perform工作；做；进行+ance―程度‖,―总量=工作情况
4：generally adv.普遍地；广泛地 general adj.大致的；综合的
5：seminar n.研讨会；培训会 6：fundamental adj.基础的；基本的 7：puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑不解的
We felt puzzled.What on earth did they want to do? 我们都感到纳闷儿，他们到底想干什么？
8：awareness n.认识；意识(aware [adj.意识到的]+ness状态→n.知道, 晓得)
9：inner adj.内心的；未表达出来的
She doesn't reveal much of her inner self.她不大流露她的内心自我。
10：self-encouragement n.自我鼓励 encouragement n.鼓励；支持（的事物）；激励；
11：self-motivation n.自我激励 motivation n.动机；动力
12：self-defeat n.我自挫败 defeat vt.击败，战胜；挫败
25：self-criticism n.自我批评 criticism n.批评，批判；
13：self-pity n.自怜 pity n.怜悯；同情 14：encounter v.遭遇；遇到（指不快或困难的事）(en进入+counter反对,相反→在对面→遭遇)15：heartache n.痛心；伤心；忧虑 heart 心 + ache 痛，疼
16：physical adj.身体的；躯体的(physi自然,物理+ical……的→物质的,自然的)17：emotional adj.感情的；情绪的
18：respond v.作出反应；响应(re回+spond承诺,允诺→承诺回去→回答)19：program v.编写程序 20：software n.软件
21：install v.安装，建立（程序）
22：behavior n.表现方式，活动方式(behave举止,举动,表现+ior表名词→behavior行为,举止)23：inaccurate adj.不精确的；不准确的
24：influential adj.很大影响的；有支配力的 in 不, fluente 流利al 形容词后缀
26：optimistic adj.乐观的(optim最好,乐观+al……的→adj.最佳的, 最理想的)(optimist[n.乐天派, 乐观者]+ic……的→adj.乐观主义的)27：pessimistic adj.悲观的
There is no reason to be pessimistic about the future.没有理由对未来悲观。
28：consiciously adv.有意地；刻意地 She realized how tense she was and consciously relaxed.她发觉自己很紧张，于是有意识地放松了一下。29：habitual adj.习惯性的；积习很深的(habit居住,习惯+ual……的→adj.习惯性的,惯常的)30：self-esteem n.自尊（心）esteem n.尊敬，尊重；意见，看法
31：resentment n.愤恨；怨恨(re 相反sent感觉+iment=ment表名词→没感觉→没感情,愤恨)32：inability n.无能；无力；不能
33：baggage n.（因阅历而形成的）信仰，看法;n.行李；辎重；精神包袱；
Phrases and Expressions
1：have control over 对…有控制能力 I have never had any control over her.我从来就管不了她.2：wear down 使衰弱；使意志薄弱
We hope your persuation will wear down his opposition.我们希望你能说服他不再反对.3：cheer on 以喝彩声鼓励；为（某人）加油 4：rid yourself of… 摆脱；从…中解脱
You must rid yourself of this melancholy mood.你一定要摆脱这种忧愁情绪.Key Sentences
1． The key is to realize it’s not what happens to us that matters;it’s how we choose to respond.关键是要认识到，重要的并不是发生了什么事情，而是我们选择如何去面对。
2． It takes serious work to examine the roots of a harmful attitude, but the rewards of ridding ourselves of this heavy baggage can last a lifetime.弄清有害的态度根源何在需要一番努力，但是摆脱这一沉重的包袱却能使我们终身受益。
Unit8 The Mystery of Life Text A Embracing the Mystery New words
1：embrace v.拥抱；欣然接受(em进入……之中+brace两臂,胳膊→进入怀抱)
2：mystery n.奥秘 ；神秘，神秘的事物 She's a bit of a mystery!她这人有点来历不明！
3：terrain n.地形；地带 词根：terr=earth,表示”土地“;
4：universe n.宇宙(uni一个+vers转+e→统一旋转,宇宙)5：reveal v.揭示；显示(re反+veal=veil盖上,面纱→反盖上→不让盖上→揭露)6：otherwise adv.不同地 ；另外；别的方式(other其他+wise方向,状态→其他方面)7：infant n.婴儿；幼儿；未成年人；初学者，生手 8：depart v.离开；离去
9：tragedy n.不幸；惨案 Do you prefer comedy or tragedy? 你喜欢喜剧还是悲剧？
10：injustice n.不公正 in 相反，不+ justice n.正义；公正
11：innocent adj.无辜的；清白的;无害的(in无+noc伤害,毒+ent……的→无害的)12：species n.物种 词根：speci=look,kind,表示”外观,种类,特别“ 13：survive v.生存;幸存； 活下来(survive幸免于+al状态→经过事故活着→幸存)14：biology n.生理 词根：bio=life,表示”生命,生物 15：hostage n.人质(host客人+age总称→被扣压的[人]的总称)16：capacity n.领悟能力(cap拿,抓,握住+acity表名词→拿住的能力→容量;才能)17：infinite adj.无限的；无穷尽的(in没有+fin结束,范围,界限,限制+ite……的→adj.无限的 18：conceive v.构想；设想;怀孕； 词根：ceive=take/hold/seize, 表示“拿,抓,握住” 19：incline v.(使)倾向于，有…的趋势(in进入+clin倾斜,斜坡+e→进入斜→偏向,喜爱)20：honorable adj.可敬的；值得钦佩的(honor荣誉,光荣+able……的→adj.可敬的
21：celebrate v.赞美；颂扬;庆祝；祝贺； 22：merely adv.仅仅；只不过
Do you really want to go or are you merely being amiable? 你是真的想去呢，还是仅仅为了表示友好？23：certainty n.确定性(cert搞清,区别+ain表示形容词+ty名词→搞清楚的→确定性
24：testimony n.证明(testi测试,试验,证据+mony表状态或物品→n.证据,证词;表明；说明)25：urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动
He has an urge to become a film star.他非常希望成为电影明星。
26：impulse n.冲动；一时的念头 She wrote that letter on impulse.她一时冲动写了这封信。27：envision v.展望
28：inconsequential adj.不重要的；无足轻重的，不值得考虑的
Your objections are inconsequential and may be disregarded.你的反对意见并不重要，不会受到重视。29：shell n.壳 The nut shell is very strong, I can't crack it.核桃壳很硬，我不能弄破它。
30：restless adj.运动不止的；焦躁不安的；不耐烦的 The audience was becoming restless.观众开始不耐烦了。
31：murmur n.喃喃声；咕哝，发牢骚；低声的抱怨 32：vast adj.辽阔的；巨大的 the vast Russian steppes 辽阔的俄罗斯大草原 33：magical adj.有魔力的
Giving up smoking had a magical effect on his stamina.戒烟神奇地增强了他的体力。34：membrane n.膜状物
35：challenge n.挑战；盘问；质疑；怀疑
The job doesn't really challenge him.这项工作不能真正地考验他。
Phrases and Expressions 1：for certain 肯定
I can tell you for certain that I am always honest.我可以肯定地告诉你，我一向是老实的。
2：in violation of 违背 The hotel is in violation of the law.这家旅馆的建造是违法的.3：visit…on/upon… 对…进行惩罚 4：reach out 伸出 I'm going to reach out with a if you don't shut up.如果你再不闭嘴,我就向里面甩个鱼钩.5：bear whtness to 为…作证；证明
His wounds bear witness to his valour.他的伤证明了他的勇敢。Key Sentences 1． Who would not feel in violation of something great if we had knowledge of what has departed when we stare into the face of one who has died? 在注视逝者的面孔时，如果我们知道逝去的是什么，有谁不会感到我们搅扰了某种强大的东西？
2． They have understood that, honorable though it is to see the wrong and try to correct it, a life well lived must somehow celebrate the promise that life provides.他们明白，尽管揭露丑行、除恶务尽的行为是可敬的，但充实的生命仍必须以某种方式赞颂生命赐予的希望。
10：organized adj.有条理的
He organized the workers into a trade union.他把工人们组织起来成立工会。
11：accomplish v.完成(ac加强+com全部+pli满+sh→全部弄满→完成)12：analyze v.分析
13：emphasize v.强调；(em进入+phas外貌,状态,显示+ize……化→进入状态→强调，着重)
14：solution n.解决办法(solu溶解,解决,松开+tion表名词→解决的办法)
15：procedure n.程序；步骤(pro在前+ced行走,前进+ure表名词→在前面走完的程序)
16：crossword puzzle n.纵横字谜游戏;填字游戏 She tried to solve a crossword puzzle.她试着解答一道纵横字谜。
17：obstacle n.障碍 He put every obstacle in my way.他处处从中作梗。
Text B Research Is a State of Mind Newx words 1：research n.研究(re一再+search搜索,调查→n.&v.研究, 调查)2：misunderstanding n.误解
There seems to be a misunderstanding between us.我们之间好像有些误解。
3：conception n.理解 I have no conception of what you mean.我想不出你的意思是什么。
4：mysterious adj.神秘的；不易解释的 He died in mysterious circumstances.他的死因是个谜。
5：scientific adj.科学的(sci知道+ent+ific表形容词→adj.科学上的)6：apparatus n.仪器
7：elaborately adv.复杂地；详尽地 8：equip v.配备
9：actually adv.实际上，事实上 What did she actually say? 她到底是怎么说的？
18：elimination n.排除 This is a single elimination tournament.这是一场简单的淘汰赛。19：major adj.主要的
20：persistence n.坚持(persist[v.坚持]+ence表名词→n.坚持, 持续)
21：discourage v.使灰心；使丧失信心 dis否定,不,消失掉+courage勇气→v.使失去勇气)22：examine v.测验
The teacher will examine the students in music.老师将测验学生们的音乐知识。
23：failure n.失败(fail犯错误,欺骗+ure表名词→错误状态→失败 Failure can demotivate students.失败会挫伤学生的积极性。
24：intelligent adj.聪明的；有才智的(intel=inter在……中间+lig选择,收集+ent,状态→
25：inpidual n.个人(in不+pide[v.分开]+ual……的→不能分开的→个人的
She has her own inpidual style of doing things.她有自己独特的行事风格。Phrases and Expressions 1：state of mind 心态 Failure is a state of mind.失败是一种心理状态.2：as to 关于 We sorted the eggs as to size and colour.我们按着大小和颜色挑选鸡蛋。
3：(the game is)worth the candle 值得花费精力 4：by contrast 相反;相比之下 By contrast, he was much cleverer.相比之下，他要机灵得多。5：a step in the right direction 方向正确的一步
That would be a step in the right direction.这将是正确方向上的一步.Key Sentences 1． It takes just as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one.Make sure the game is worth the candle.解决一个没用的问题和解决一个有用的问题一样耗费精力。要确定一项研究是值得花力气的。
2． By contrast, all research work is 99.9 per cent failure and,if we succeed once, we are in.相比之下，全部研究工作中99.9%都会失败，但只要成功一次，我们就成功了。
5：insult v.侮辱；冒犯(in进入+sult跳→跳进[别人的事]之中)
6：senior moment n.尊长表现（老年人失忆、忘事、糊涂的典型状况）
(sen老+ior较……的;较……→adj.年长的 —— moment片刻;瞬间
7：imply v.暗示 His silence implied agreement.他的沉默意味着同意。
8：permit v.允许；准许(per始终+mit送,放出,派,错过→始终放出→许可)
9：explain v.解释；说明(ex出去+plain明白的→使其明白→解释)
10：experience n.经历(ex出+peri尝试+ence表名词→尝试出来的东西→经验)
12：near-death experience 濒死经历
11：powerful adj.有强烈作用的；强大的；权力大的 13：confess v.承认；坦白； 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶(con全部+fess说→全部说出→坦白)
14：one’s last breath n.最后一口气；临终 breath n.呼吸；一口气
15：down adj.沮丧；情绪低落 Phrases and Expressions Unit9 Making Every Minute Count Text A The Most Exciting Thing Ever New words 1：share v.分享；告诉
How much do men share housework and the care of the children? 男人分担多少家务和照看小孩的工作？ 2：volunteer n.志愿者(volunt=vol意志,意愿+eer人→意愿的人→志愿者)3：surprised adj.惊奇的；惊讶的She looked surprised when I told her.我告诉她时她显得很惊讶。4：stare v.盯着看；注视
It's not polite to stare at a girl in the face.盯着姑娘的脸瞧是不礼貌的。
1：drop in on 顺便访问 I'll drop in on you when I have time.有空我来看你.2：form time to time 不时；偶尔
Form time to time Miss Walcott wrote to me.华尔科特小姐有时侯写信给我.3：a bit 有点儿 These trousers are a bit tight.这条裤子有点紧。
4：in a sense 从某种意义上说 In a sense, it is true.在某种意义上说, 这是正确的.5：clear…up 解释；解答
6：not that I know of 据我说知没有;据我所知不是那样；我印象里没有；就我所知并非如此
Are you going to Washington next month? Not that I know of.你下个月要去华盛顿吗？没这回事。7：bring sb to their kness 打败某人 Key Sentences 1．I couldn’t wait to hear what it was.‖I can’t imagine what you might have done—but whatever it was you must share it with me,‖ I said.我急切地想听听那件事是什么。―我想象不出来你做了什么——不过不管是什么，你一定要和我说说，‖我说。2．I have always believed that everyone should have a near—death experience so that they can appreciate life more.我一直认为每个人都应该有一次濒临死亡的经历，这样他们才会更加珍惜生命。
They promised to be faithful to their ideal for ever.他们保证永远忠于自己的理想。
13：regularity n.经常性;规律性(regular [adj.有规律的;整齐的;正式的]+ity表名词→n 14：patrol v.巡查
15：remove v.开除；去除；脱掉 16：silt n.淤泥 17：choke v.阻塞 18：contaminate v.污染
19：attraction n.有吸引力的地方(attract[v.吸引]+ion表名词→n.吸引;吸引力;引力)20：graceful adj.优雅的 21：float v.浮动；漂流
22：crystal clear adj.（玻璃、水等）清澈透明的；晶莹Text B Keeper of the Spring New words 1：keeper n.看守人;保管人，管理人；饲养员；负责人；监护人
2：spring n.春季；泉水，小溪
3：late adj.已故的...the late Mr Parkin.已故的帕金先生
4：eloquent adj.雄辩的；有口才的
He was so eloquent that he cut down the finest orator.他能言善辩，胜过最好的演说家。5：chaplain n.牧师
6：senate n.参议院(sen老+ate表名词→n.参议院, 上院)7：dweller n.居民；居住者 The city dweller 城市居民 8：slope n.山坡 ；斜坡 The town is built on a slope.这座城建在山坡上。
9：councilman n.（美国的）市议员 10：debris n.废弃物;残骸；残渣
11：crevice n.（尤指岩石的）裂缝，缺口(crev裂开+ice行为,状态→n.缺口,裂缝)12：faithful adj.忠实的 的
23：mill wheel n.水车轮 mill磨坊 wheel轮子；旋转 24：various adj.各种各样的(vari变化+ous……的→adj.各种各样的;不同的)
25：located adj.位于；坐落在
26：irrigate v.灌溉(ir使……,成为,进入,再+rig水+ate表动词→进水→灌溉)
27：picturesque adj.优美的,风景如画的(picture画,图片+esque像……的→picturesque像图画的)28：description n.描写
Can you give me a description of the thief? 你能给我描述一下那个窃贼的模样吗？
29：council n.地方议会；委员会；（郡、镇等）政务会(coun=con一起+cil召集→召集在一起)
30：semiannual adj.半年一次的；每半年的，半年的 31：budget n.预算
The lion's share of the budget is living expenses.预算中的最大的一项是生活费用。
32：obscure adj.无名的；鲜为人知的 an obscure German poet 一个名不见经传的德国诗人 33：ranger n.护林人 34：unanimous adj.一致同意的（un单一,单个+anim生命+ous……的→一个生命的→全体一致的)35：shed v.（植物）落（叶）36：snap v.断裂
37：hinder v.阻碍(hind后部+er反复做→拖后腿→阻止,妨碍)38：sparkling adj.闪耀的 His eyes were sparkling with happiness.他眼里闪烁着幸福的光芒
39：slight adj.略微的 There was a slight tremor in his voice.他的声音略微有点儿颤抖
40：tint n.淡色 ；色彩，色泽 She showed no tint of fear.她没有露出一点害怕。
41：slimy adj.黏糊糊的 His feet slipped in the slimy mud.他的脚在泥泞中不住地打滑。42：film n.薄薄的一层 43：section n.地段
44：foul adj.难闻的 What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！
45：odor n.气味；臭味；名声 He is in bad odor with his friends.他在朋友中声誉不佳。
46：detect v.发现(de去掉+tect盖上,掩护→把盖上的打开)47：embarrassed adj.窘迫的；尴尬的
Her questions about my private life embarrassed me.她询问我的私生活使我感到很尴尬。
48：gross adj.严重的 ；粗俗的；显而易见的；恶劣的He was a person of gross sexual appetites.他是个性欲旺盛的人。
49：veritable adj.名副其实的 It is a veritable heaven on earth.它是人间真正的天堂。50：hamlet n.小村庄
51：seeming adj.看似…的(seem相类似,一样+ing状态→n.外观)52：fast adv.牢固地 ；快的
Phrases and Expressions
1：clear away 清除 Clear away your toys now, children!孩子们,现在把玩具拿走!
2：wipe away 擦除 Wipe away your tears.擦干你的眼泪。
3：dispense with 摒弃；不再用
It is so warm today that I can dispense with an overcoat.今天天气很暖和，我可以不用穿大衣。4：grind to a halt 慢慢停下来
Without it everything would grind to a halt.没有了信任,一切活动都将趋于停滞.5：clear up 使整洁；清理
I'd like to clear up my work by the weekend.我想在周末前做完我的工作.6：cling to 坚持；紧抓； 保留； 挨着
Do not cling to him or allow him to cling to you.别离不开他,也别让他离不开你.Peter Marshall 彼得.马歇尔 The Alps 阿尔卑斯山脉 Key Sentences
1． With faithful,silent regularity,he patrolled the hills,removed the leaves and branches,and wiped away the silt that would otherwise have choked and contaminated the fresh flow of water.他很尽职，默默地定期到山上巡逻，清理树叶和树枝，除去可能堵塞或者污染清泉的淤泥。
2． Clammy fingers of disease and sickness reached deeply into the village.疾病的魔爪开始伸向村庄。
Unit10 Media-Blessing or Curse Text A Advertising to Children New words
1：advertise v.做广告(ad加强[有“向”之意]+vert转+ise表动词→使转向→[做广告]使其注意……)
2：prime adj.主要的；首要的(prim第一,主要的;首要+e→adj.首要的;最好的
3：advertiser n.广告商；广告公司 4：sway v.说服；使动摇
5：persuasive adj.有说服力的；令人信服的He made a persuasive argument.他发表了很有说服力的论点
6：locker n.储物柜 7：prod v.催促；督促
He's forgetful, so I'll give his memory a prod.他很健忘，所以我要提醒他一下
8：pester v.打扰；纠缠；烦扰
He told her not to pester him with trifles.他对她说不要为小事而烦扰他。
9：specifically adv.特意；专门地
I specifically told you not to go near the water!我明确告诉过你不要靠近水边
10：campaign n.运动；战役；季节性竞赛(camp营地+aign平原→平原上两军的营地)11：entitle v.给…命名（或提名）
12：corporation n.（大）公司(corpor身体,团体+ation表名词→n.公司,团体)13：extraordinarily adv.极其；很，特别
An elephant's nose is extraordinarily long!大象的鼻子特别长
14：animated adj.栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的Laughter animated his face.笑使他脸上增添了生气！15：naive adj.缺乏经验的；幼稚的；轻信的It's naive of you to believe he'll do what he says.相信他会言行一致，你未免太单纯了 16：genuinely adv.真正地；真实地
She seems genuinely fond of the children.她似乎真的喜欢这些小孩。
17：costume n.戏装；服装 18：make-up n.化妆品
19：bunch n.群体 a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄 20：uncomfortable adj.使人不舒服的；令人不舒适的 21：moral adj.道德的;道义上的；精神上的(mor道德+al……的→adj.道德[上]的
22：dilemma n.（进退两难的）窘境，困境(di两个,双+lemma论点,争论→二种争论→进退两难)23：manipulate v.（暗中）控制，操纵，影响 24：expose v.使面临；使遭受（危险或不快）;揭露，揭发；(ex出+pose放→放出来→暴露)
25：rife adj.充斥的，充满的 It is a country where corruption is rife.这是个腐败成风的国家。
26：superficial adj.表面的；外表的;肤浅的(super在……上面+fic做+ial……的→在表面上做)
27：reaction n.反应；回应 What was his reaction to the news? 他对这消息有何反应？
28：deliberate adj.故意的；蓄意的；存心的 He told us a deliberate lie.他故意跟我们撒谎。
29：ploy n.计谋；策略(ploy用,参与→n.策略, 趣味, 工作)
30：caffeine n.咖啡因
31：ultimately adv.最终；最后；终归(ultimate[adj.最后的, 最终的, 根本的]+ly表副词→adv.最后,)
Phrases and Expressions
1：go to any, some,great,etc.lengths 竭尽全力；不遗余力
2：care about 关注；在意；担忧 I don't care about going fishing.我对钓鱼不感兴趣。3：act as/like 充当；起作用
4：strike a babance(between A and B)找到折中办法；平衡
5：weigh(up)…against… 认真考虑；权衡；斟酌 6：(it’s)no / little / small wonder(that)… 不足为奇；并不奇怪 Key Sentences 1． Anyone who has seen a child pester its parents knows the lengths chidren can go to.All it takes is a little suggestion from a single advertisement to send them on their way.凡见过小孩子纠缠父母的人都知道，孩子不达目的誓不罢休，而要激起孩子的欲望，只需一则广告的小小暗示。2． How do you say no to an opportunity to reach such a wide audience of children, who act as advertisers themselves when they encourage other children and their parents to buy a particular product? 试问谁会拒绝这等赢得广大儿童受众的机会？孩子们鼓动其他小朋友和他们的父母购买某种产品，他们本身就起到了广告宣传的作用。
3． There is a belief that the impact on children of being exposed to damaging media can be ―weighed up‖ against how much money can be made and how much power can be gained.很多人认为广告对孩子的负面影响是可以和经济利益与商品获得的影响力相权衡的。
celebrity.他已经是大名鼎鼎的人物了。8：unhealthily adv.不健康地 9：skinny adj.极瘦的；皮包骨的
At school I was fairly skinny and undersized.上学时我相当瘦小。
10：flawless adj.完美的；无瑕的 flaw n.瑕疵，缺点；
11：self-image n.自我印象；自我形象
12：issue n.问题；担忧(is行走+sue主题→走出主题→发行,发表)
13：amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的；（尤指）令人惊喜（或惊羡、惊叹）的
The news is quite amazing.这消息十分惊人。14：drool v.（对…）垂涎欲滴，过分痴迷 15：admiration n.；赞赏；羡慕
He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。
16：protrude v.突出；伸出(pro向前+trud推,突出+e→向前突出)
17：sugar-coated adj.巧加粉饰的；使表面吸引的 coated涂上一层的 sugar 糖
Text B The illusion of perfection New words 1：illusion n.错误的观念；幻想(il使……,成为,进入,再+lus玩弄+ion表名词→被[幻觉]玩弄→幻觉)2：perfection n.完善；完美
3：insecurity n.不安全；无安全感 in 不+ secure [adj + ity表名词---安全,放心的
4：disorder n.失调；疾病 dis 不，失去 order秩序-》失去秩序，混乱，失调
5：anorexia n.厌食；神经性厌食 6：habitually adv.习惯性地
He was habitually addicted to making love to ladies.他惯常喜欢跟女人调情。
7：celebrity n.名人；名流 He has become a
18：exterior n.（人的）外貌，外表(exter出去,外+ior较……[的]→adj.外部的,外面的 n.外部)
19：mimic v.模仿（人的言行举止）；（尤指）做滑稽模仿
(mim模仿+ic人或科学→v.模仿,戏弄 n.模仿他人言行的人)
20：typical adj.一贯的；平常的(typ模式,形状+ical……的→成模式的→典型的)
21：teenage adj.十几岁的（指 13至19岁）；青少年的
22：immaculate adj.精确的；完美的 23：gorgeous adj.非常漂亮的；令人愉快的 a drop-dead gorgeous Hollywood star 极有魅力的好莱坞明星 24：succumb v.屈服；屈从(suc下面+cumb躺→躺下去→屈从;死亡)25：glitter n.吸引力；魅力；诱惑力
26：role model n.楷模；行为榜样 Being a role model.做出表率。
27：idolize v.崇拜；热爱(idol形象,偶像+ize……化→偶像化→崇拜)28：promote v.促进；推动(pro向前+mot动+3→向前动→促进)29：strive v.努力；力争 I strive for the best, and I do the possible.我尽力而为争取最佳。
30：self-doubt n.自我怀疑 doubt n.怀疑，疑虑；未确定
31：inpiduality n.个性；个人（或个体）特征 We should respect inpiduality.我们应该尊重个性 32：portray v.描写 It is difficult to portray feelings in words.感情很难用言语来描写。
33：conviction n.坚定的看法（或信念）(convict[v.[经审讯]证明…有罪,宣判…有罪 n.囚犯]+ion表名词 34：obsess v.使痴迷；使迷恋
Do you find that you obsess much about things? 你发现你着迷于某些事情吗？
35：spell n.咒语；魔法 v 拼写
The heartless witch cast a spell on the poor little girl.狠心的女巫对孤苦无助的小女孩施了妖术。
She tried to cover up her guilt by lying.她企图用谎言掩饰自己的罪行。
7：in the hope of 抱着…的希望 He's in the hope of success.他满怀成功的希望。8：not necessarily 不一定；未必
Wealth is not necessarily synonymous with happiness.财富未必等同于幸福。
9：in effect 实际上；事实上 His reply is in effect an apology.他的答复事实上是一种道歉。
10：regardless of 不管；不顾；不理会I shall go regardless of the weather.无论天气好坏我都要去。11：hold fast to 坚持（某种思想等）Hold fast to what is right!对的就要坚持！
12：measure up to 达到预期的要求；符合标准
I'm afraid he can't measure up to the job.我担心他没有办法胜任这份工作.13：free from/of 不含有害物的；不受…伤害（或影响等）的
Key Sentences
1． Part of the reason that some women habitually eat too little is that celebrity women are all too often unhealthily skinny.女明星们常常看上去骨瘦如柴，这也是一些女性经常性节食的部分原因
2． Falling under this spell could easily lead to serious Phrases and Expressions 1：live up to 达到，符合
2：give in 让步；勉强同意He refused to give in to her pleadings.他拒不接受她的请求。
3：fall victim to 受伤；受损；被害 成为…的牺牲品 4：look up to 钦佩；仰慕；尊敬 Children should look up to their parents.孩子应当尊敬父母。5：consist of 由…组成
6：cover up（完全）盖住，遮住
self-image issues as well as the stress of measuring up to the all too thin role models of today.这一魔咒不仅使人们承受着向当今瘦的身材标准看齐的压力，还容易导致严重的这我形象问题。
3． This is why I now try to live my life free of the constant worry to be something I’m not,and to live a healthy life.因此，现在我要努力摆脱总是想变成另外一种人的困扰，过健康的生活。Unit11 Effective Communication Text A Active Listening New words 1：frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的
It's very easy to get frustrated in this job.这个工作很容易令人懊恼。
2：anxious adj.焦虑的；忧虑的；担心的(anxi焦急+ous……的→焦急的)3：essential adj.必不可少的；极其重要的(essence[n.基本,本质]+ial有……的→essential根本的)4：co-worker n.合作者;同事 5：passively adv.消极地；被动地
6：establish v.建立（尤指正式关系）(e=ex+stable牢固的+ish表动词→establish使其完全牢固→ 7：tip n.指点；实用的提示
Do you really think it's customary to tip the waiters?...你真的认为给侍者小费是约定俗成的吗？ 8：nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的Gestures are a nonverbal means of expression.打手势是一种非言语的表达方式。9：percentage n.百分率；百分比 10：tone n.语气；腔调；口吻
The doctor spoke in a brusque tone.医生不客气地简单说了几个字。
11：facial adj.面部的(fac脸,面+ial……的→adj.面部的)12：truthfully adv.真实地；如实地 Truthfully I don't agree with you.如实说，我不同意你的意见。13：manner n.举止；态度 He has a womanish manner.他举手投足像个女人。
14：signal n.信号；暗号 This is a signal failure.这是明显的失败
15：point of view n.观点；态度；意见 16：echo v.重复（别人的话）
There was an echo on the line and I couldn't hear
clearly.电话里有回音，我听不清楚。17：rephrase v.换个说法说，改变词句
.Let me rephrase what I just said.让我来把我刚才说的话换个方法表达一下。
18：perform v.做；履行；执行 perform what you promise.履行你的诺言。
19：technique n.技巧；技艺；工艺 His technique is almost perfect.他的技巧近乎完美。
20：temptation n.引诱；诱惑(tempt[v.诱惑,引诱;吸引,使感兴趣]+ation表名词→n.引诱
Phrases and Expressions 1：be aware of 知道；意识到
He doesn't seem to be aware of the problems.他好像没有意识到这个问题
2：be responsible for 作为原因；成为起因
He must be responsible to me for this matter.这件事他必须对我负责。
3：put…aside 忽视；不理睬；忘记
Key Sentences
1． While not all experts agree that the percentage is as high as this, they do agree that nonverbal communication is extremely powerful.虽然不是所有专家都认同有这么高的比率，但是他们确实认为非言语沟通的作用不可小觑。
2． Once you put your mind to listening more actively, you will find the practice has many benefits.一旦专注于积极倾听你就会发现这样做的诸多好处了。
Text B Effective Communication New words
1：argument n.争论；争吵
We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.我们和服务员就账单发生了争吵
2：disagreement n.意见不一；分歧；争论 I hope this disagreement does not pide us.我希望意见不同不至于使我们分道扬镳。
3：convery v.表达，传递（思想、感情等）4：porce n.离婚
5：miscommunication n.沟通不良
6：proper adj.正确的；恰当的；符合规则的(proper适当的→adj.适当的, 正确的)7：collapse n.突然失败，倒闭，崩溃(col全部+lapse=laps滑倒→全部滑倒→倒塌)8：put v.说，表达
9：fault n.责任；过错；过失(fault=fall犯错误,欺骗→错)10：barrier n.障碍；阻力(barr栏+ier人或物→n.栅栏,屏障;障碍[物])11：critical adj.关键的；至关重要的(crit判断,分辨,评判+ical……的→adj.批评的,评论的;危急, 12：vital adj.必不可少的；对…极重要的(vit生命+al……的→adj.生死攸关的
13：verbal adj.口头（而非书面）的(verb词语+al……的→adj.用言辞的 14：workplace n.工作场所
15：paraphrase v.解释，释义，意译(para半,类似,辅助+phrase措词→v.解释 n.解释)16：chance n.可能性；机会，机遇；概率
17：party n.当事人；一方 ；社交聚会；党，党派 18：chain reaction n.连锁反应 chain n.链子，链条；连锁 reaction n.反应；反作用力 19：refine v.改进；改善
We shall have to refine on our methods of advertising.我们得进一步改进做广告的方法。
20：partner n.配偶；性伴侣 伙伴；同伙；同伴；配偶
do wonders.爱能产生奇迹.2：in other words 换句话说；也就是说；换言之
In other words, she must give up singing.换言之, 她必须放弃唱歌.3：come up with 找到（答案）；拿出（一笔钱等）4：let’s say 譬如说，比方说
5：the bottom line 要旨；基本论点；底线
The bottom line is that we have to make a decision today.底线是，我们今天必须作出决定。
6：set off 引发；激起 Who set off the fire alarm? 谁拉响了火警报警器？
Key Sentences
1． Developing the skills of effective communication can do wonders for the quality of your life and your relationships.运用行之有效的沟通技巧对于提高生活质量和促进人际交往都大有裨益。
2． It can be because they aren’t focused, or they are upset and don’t want to bother, or they just don’t care.原因五花八门：要么是注意力不集中，要么是心情不好，不想费神，要么就是根本不关心。
Unit12 Technology: A Double-Edged Sword Text A Privacy in Our High-Tech Society New words
1：privacy n.隐私；私密 priv单个+acy表名词→n.[不受干扰的]独处,自由,隐私;私生活)
2：feature v.以…为特色;以…为主要组成(feat做,制作+ure→做事的状态,特征)3：transparent adj.透明的 4：isolate v.（使）隔离，孤立 5：coin v.创造（新词语）6：cell n.单间牢房；牢房
7：unobserved adj.不被看见（或发现）的 Phrases and Expressions 1：do wonders 创造奇迹；产生神奇作用 Love can 8：behave v.表现(be构成动词+have[v.有,具有]→有行为→表现)9：wired adj.联机的
10：metaphor n.暗喻；隐喻 This metaphor is very appropriate.这个比喻很贴切。
11：surveillance n.监视;盯梢(sur超过,在…上面+veil面纱+lance→在面纱上看[隔了一层纱]看→监视 12：enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的；极大的 13：ubiquitous adj.似乎无所不在的；十分普遍的(ubi=where+quit自由+ous……的→导出自由存在)14：whereabouts n.下落；行踪
The whereabouts of the missing child is still unknown.遗失的孩子还没有着落。15：track v.跟踪；追踪
16：survey n.民意调查；民意测验
(sur在……上面+vey=view看,查→在上面看,从上往下看→俯瞰→测量,调查)17：scale n.规模，范围，程度
18：exchange n.交换；互换；交流(ex出,出去+change改变,兑换→变换出去→交换, 调换 19：expand v.扩大，增加，增强 20：decade n.十年，十年期
Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.过去的十年间，物价一直在上涨。21：electronic adj.电子的 22：profile n.概述，简介 23：cyberspace n.网络空间
24：grant v.（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，准予，允许 I grant the truth of what he says.我承认他说的是真的。25：damage n.损害；伤害
26：compromise v.违背（原则）；达不到（标准）27：increasingly adv.越来越多地；不断增加地(increasing渐增的+ly……地→adv.日益,愈加)28：maintain v.维持；保持 main 主要的+ tain 拿住，29：defend v.保护；保卫(de去,离+fend打击→
把[敌人]打跑→保卫,防护)
30：expose v.暴露；显露；露出 ex放，出去+pose 放→沉淀 放出去>显露
Phrases and Expressions 1：or rather 确切地说
I've got a new flat, or rather a large room.我有一套新住房, 或者更确切地说,有一个大房间 2：in addition(to)除…以外（还）
She gets various perquisites in addition to her wages.她工资以外,还有各种津贴.3：apply for（通常以书面形式）申请，请求 to apply for a visa。申请签证
4：beyond one’s control 无法控制 Things are beyond one's control.事不由己.5：call(one’s)attention to 引起（某人）对…的注意 Key Sentences
1． The scale of information gathering and the scale of exchange have both expanded so rapidly in the last decade that there are now millions of electronic profiles of inpiduals existing in cyberspace,profiles that are bought and sold,traded,and often used for important decisions,such as whether or not to grant someone a loan.过去十年间，信息收集以及信息交换规模迅速扩展，网络空间存有无数个人电子档案，这些档案被买卖、交易，经常用于重要决策，如是否给某人发放贷款等。2． However, I find it truly amazing that anyone would want to live in a transparent house at any time，especially in an age when inpidual privacy is becoming increasingly diffcult to maintain and defend.然而，竟然有人愿意住透明房中，特别是在一个保留和保护个人隐私越来越难的时代，这着实令我诧异。Text B Worse Living Through Better Technology New words 1：advance n.进步；进展(ad向+van前卫,先锋+ce→n.&v.前进, 提升)2：catalyst n.促使变化的人；引发变化的因素(cata下+lys裂开,分解+t→分解下去→催化[剂])3：breakdown n.（关系）破裂；（讨论、系统的）失败(break破坏,中断+down向下→n.崩溃,)4：curb v.控制，抑制，约束
I began to curb my appetite for food and drink.我开始节制饮食。
5：significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的(significance[[n.意义,含义;重要性,重要的]]→adj.有意义的)6：breakthrough n.重大进展；突破
Is it the breakthrough we've been waiting for? 这就是我们一直盼望的突破吗？
7：escape v.逃脱；摆脱；逃避
He was unable to escape the array of facts.他无法躲避一连串的事实。
8：empty adj.空虚的；无目的的(empt拿,获得,拿走后[变空]+y→拿走后[变空])9：stimulate v.促进；激发；激励(stimul刺,刺激+ate使……→v.刺激,使兴奋;激励,鼓舞)10：converse v.交谈；谈话
11：detach v.挣脱；摆脱(de去掉+tach钉子,接角→把钉上的分开→拆开)12：pipe v.用线路系统传输;n.管子； 13：trend n.趋势；倾向；动态
There was a bullish trend in the market.市场行情有上涨趋势。
14：existence n.生活，生活方式
He does not believe in the existence of ghosts.他不相信有鬼存在。
15：whatsoever adv.（用于否定句中以加强语气）一点
儿都；丝毫 She felt no lust whatsoever for him.她对他没有丝毫欲望。
16：browser n.浏览程序；浏览器 17：network n.（互联）网络
18：exercise v.行使；使用；运用 n.练习；运动，训练
(ex出+erc力量+ise物品,状态→n.练习,习题;训练,锻练)
Phrases and Expressions
1：replace…with … 用…替换；以…接替 2：identify with … 认同… ,与… 有同感 3：be / get caught up in 被卷入；陷入 4：put on hold 推迟；中断
5：have no bearing on 与…没有关系；对…没有影响 6：grow up 长大成人
7：take over 接手；接管 Have a rest.I'll take over.你歇会儿，我来替你。
Key Sentences
1． Television, being perhaps the most significant technological breakthrough ever, has allowed society to escape from reality and replace it with whatever is on the screen.电视机可能是迄今最重大的技术突破，它使人们得以逃避现实，沉溺于屏幕上的世界。
2．I find it amazing that I am still attracted to the result of a football game when it has absolutely no bearing on my existence whatsoever.令我惊讶的是，我依然关心足球赛的结果，尽管它与我的生活毫不相干。
第四篇：大学英语(一)
河北工程大学成人教育202_学年第一学期试卷（闭卷）课程：大学英语
（一）任课教师：函授站点： 武安站
专业与班级：姓名：学号：分数：
一．交际用语（每小题2分，共20分）
()1.How do you do ?
How do you do?
A.RightB.Wrong
()2.Where are you from?
London.A.RightB.Wrong
()3.Would you like some crisps?
No,I’m sorry
A.RightB.Wrong
()4.Are you married or single?
Yes.I am.A.RightB.Wrong
()5.How do I get to the bus station?
You take the number 38 bus.A.RightB.Wrong
()6.This is my friend Lily?
Nice to meet you.A.RightB.Wrong
()7.How long will the meal take?
It’ll take two hours, I think.A.RightB.Wrong
()8.Welcome come to China!
That’s ok.A.RightB.Wrong
()9.What does your English teacher look like?
She likes singing.A.RightB.Wrong
()10.How are you?
Thank you.A.RightB.Wrong
二．词汇与结构（每小题1分，共15分）()11.She isonly accountant in my son’s company.A.aB.anC.the()12.Maryin her hand.A.hadB.isC.have()13.Maria often has a walk withparents in the morning.A.sheB.theirC.her
()14.How do you go to school?
.A.Every dayB.By bikeC.Early
()15.I have coffeebreakfast time.A.atB.inC.on()16.We can make a snowmanwinter.A.inB.atC.on
()17.I’m a deputy manager.I workat IT company.A.forB.aboutC.with()18.There are still some ticketsyou.A.forB.toC.of()19.I am not keensports.A.onB.withC.in
()20.Whose pen is it ?
A.mineB.myC.me()21.Therefour children in the picture.A.isB.areC.have
()22.I’d likeoranges,please.A.someB.anC./()23.I have an English classa week.A.threeB.three timeC.three times()24.Hein bejing,but his parentsin Hangzhou.A,live,livesB.lives,live,C,live,live.25.Helunch in the canteen right now.A.hasB.haveC.is having
三．选择合适的句子，完成对话（每小题1分，共5分）
1.Can I help you?2.What for?3.What color does he like?
4.What about this one?5.All right.A:Mum,I want a new bag.B:Let’s go shopping.C:
B:Yes, I’dlike to buy a new bag for my son.C:
B:Black.C:
B:Ok,It’snice.A:Mum,can I have a hat too? B:
A:For a football game.四．改错题，在句子中划出错误的地方，把正确答案填在空白处（每小题2分，共20分）26.Whatyour name?27.What is your bok color?28.Where are the twin books?29.What time it is ?30.Where you from?
31.They are married or single?32.Jane is she sister.33.Whose the man in the car?34My motheris at there.35How doyou ?
I’m fine, thank you.五．英汉互译（每题4分，共计20分）
36.你的的裙子是什么颜色的？
37.我的表快了十分钟。
38.房间里有一名医生的四名护士。
39.Everyone in my family is healthy and happy.40.Both of them are good painters..六．阅读短文，回答问题（每题2分，共20分）
①.The passengers on te sightseeing busd are quite different.They are from various countries.Jacques is from France,but he can speak very good Chinese.Natasha is from Russia.Mr.and Mrs.Smith are American.They are from Los Angeles.George is from Athens.He is a Greek.Sslly and Cathy, the twin girls, are Australian.They are from Sydney, a very beautiful dity.The passengers are different, but they all have a good time in China and they like China verty much.41.Where are the passengers?.42.Who is French?
43Where are the twins from?
44What nationality is Natasha
45.Where are the passengers from?
②Hank and the Car
Hank lived in a small town, but then he found a job in b big city and moved there with his wife and his two children.On the first Saturday in their new home,Hank took his new red car out the garageI(汽车房)and gegan to wash it.A neighbor stopped and said,”What a nice car!Is it yours?”
“sometimes,”Hank answred.The neighbor was surprised, “sometimes?What do you mean?”
“well,”answere Hank, “when there’s a party in the town,it’smay
daughter’s.Whenthere’s a football game somewhere, it’s my son’s.When I’ve washed it ,and it looks nice and clean,it’smy wife’s.And when it needs gas(汽油),it’s mine.”()46.Hank got a job.A.in a small townB.in a shopC.in a big cityD.in a garage()47.There arepeople in Hank’s family.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five
()48.Hank’s daughter took the car when she.A.went to schoolB.went to a party in the town
C.went down townD.went to watch a football game
()49.When Hank’s wife took the car,it must.A.be very nice and cleanB.be very new
C.move very fastD.be dirty
()50Washing the car isjob.A.Hank’sB.Hank’s wife’s
C.Hank’s daughter’sD.Hank’s daughter’s
第五篇：英语作文一
英语作文技巧一
一、好的英语作文的具体要求
1．要点全面、表达准确、语句连贯，符合交际要求。
2．能用书写体熟练清楚地书写，格式、连笔、词距、标点正确。
3．书写格式、行文及礼貌用语等无严重错误。
4．基本语法和常用句型无严重错误，意思表达清楚。
5．恰当使用复杂结构、新颖词汇和顺畅连接。
二、英语作文写作要领
1．第一步是仔细审题。重点注意内容要点，写作对象和交际目的。
2．要写草稿，实在没时间也要写一个提纲。
3．确定好时态。转述别人观点常用现在时。记叙经常发生的事用一般现在时，描写过去发生的事用过去时。
4．不出现中文，不用汉语拼音。不生造中国式的英语。要用你听过的话来说，用你读过的句子来写。
5．第一句很重要，不要轻易下笔。尾句部分容易出错，要留意。
6．为防止遗漏内容要点，可在原题上标出记号。
7．几个必要的连词一定要用，或顺接、或转折、或让步、或比较。
8．写记叙文，注意六个要素：who, where, when, why, how and the result.9．议论文，注意论点与论据一致。还要注意是让你写一方观点还是介绍对立的两种观点。
10．应用文主要是写信或通知，告知活动安排。一般按时间顺序写比较稳妥。
11．试卷注意部分给出的参考词汇应尽量用上，不要自作主张忽略不用。
12．词汇的闪光之处即不要重复你在本文中用过的和大家都可能用的。全是简单句得不了好分。要用新颖的词汇传达最通俗的信息。
13．采用多变的句式，如被动句式、定语从句，with加复合宾语以及倒装句等。
14．有时候阅读题中的句型可以稍加改造，抄来用在自己的作文中。
15．字数一般应稍多于试题的最低要求，但不宜过长，因为言多有失。
16．写完后要检查复核，重点看动词的使用。最好是写完作文后先查查别的题型，因为自己刚写完的东西马上检查常常看不出问题。
三、英语作文写作建议
1．经常写随笔，每日三五句。出点错误也没什么。
2．背诵小短文或漂亮句子，多多益善。
3．最好的练习材料就是近几年各地的高考试题。练习时，先看题，自己写，写完后看答案，根据答案，修正自己的作文。但注意不要过多修正，要保持自己作文的原貌，每次只改动3~4个地方即可。
4．初学写作多写记叙文。
5．抄写短文，会使自己摆脱中文式的英文，可练习抄写新概念第二册。
6．多听、多说、多读对写作的提高至关重要。
第一章文章开头句型
1、对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.例如
[1]When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that.......But I think/view a bit differently.当被问及····，大多数人认为|说·····但是我有点不这麽认为。
[2]When it comes to...., some people bielive that.......Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.There is probably some truth in both
arguements/statements , but(I tend to the profer/latter...)
当它涉及·····一些人相信·····其他人主张相反的观点。在这些观点里，有可能有一部分是真的，但是我倾向于前者或后者····
[3]Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that....They claim/ believe/argue that...But I wonder/doubt whether.....现在，大家普遍认为·····他们主张·····但是我怀疑····是否······
2、现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论.[1] Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of)...has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.最近，·····问题（现象）的逐渐严重已经引起广泛的关注。
[2]Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of...has been brought into focus.(has been brouth to public attention)
大意同上
[3]Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality...is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.通货膨胀/腐败/社会不平等·····是另外一个新的令人感到苦涩的我们不得不学会去面对的一个事实。
3、观点法----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.[1]Never history has the change of..been as evident as...Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of..benn more visible/popular than...[2]Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to
realize/accept/(be aware)that...现在，越来越多人开始认为（意识到）·····
[3]Now there is a growing awareness/recognation to the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of......大意同上
[4]Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......也许，是时侯对······观点拥有新的认识。
4、引用法-----先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!
[1]“Knowledge is power.” such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people.“知识就是力量”这句是培根的名言。这句名言已经被广泛的接受。
“Education is not complete with gradulation.” Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher.Now more and more people share his opnion.“教育不是完成于毕业”这句是美国一位著名的哲学家所说的。越来越多的人接受这句话。
[2]“.........” How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this.“······”我们经常听到这样的话。
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this “......”.在我们的日常生活中，我们习惯于听到如此传统得解释“·······”。
[3]As the saying goes that“````````”
正如某句名言说的“······”
5、比较法------通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.[1]For years,...had been viewed as...But people are taking a fresh look now.With the growing..., people........[2]People used to think that...(In the past,....)But people now share this new.人们过去常常认为·····但是现在人们持这个观点。
6、故事法----先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.[1]Once in(a newspaper), I read of/learnt....The phenemenon of...has aroused public concern.这个现象激发人们的公共意识。
[2]I have a friend who...Should he....? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.如此进退两难的局面是我们日常生活中经常面对的。
[3]Once upon a time , there lived a man who...This story may be(unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.很久以前，·······也许这个故事令人难以置信，但它仍有重大的现实意义
8、问题法-----先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.Should/What......? Options of...vary greatly , some..., others...But in my opinion ,.......第二章文章中间主体内容句型
原因结果分析
1、基本原因---分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.[1]Why...? For one thing..For another...为什么·····？第一·····第二·····
[2]The answer to this problem involes many factors.For one thing...For another......Still another...这个问题的答案涉及到许多因素。第一·····第二·····另外·······
[3]A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect..../both inpidual and social contribute to....许多因素，包括物质上的和精神上的·····个人原因都能导致·····
2、另一原因--------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!
[1]Another important factor is....[2]..is also responsible for the change/problem.[3]Certainly , the...is not the sole reason for.....当然，······不是·····的唯一因素
3、后果影响---------分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响.[1]It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....[2]In involves some serious consequence for........第三章文章结尾形式
1、结论性---------通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.[1]From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that.....从以上所讨论的，我们确实可以得出·····的结论。
[2]In summary/In a word , it is more valuable.......2、后果性------揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.[1]We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of..., if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of.......我们必须提出一个紧急方案，因为当前的····现象，如果被允许进行，将理所当然的导致·····的重大代价花费
[2]Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that..will be put in danger.明显的，如果我们对这个问题视而不见，····将有更大的可能被置于危险之中。
3、号召性--------呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.[1]It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of......是我们促使将不好的趋势结束的时候。
[2]It is essential that effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.有效的措施被用来改变这倾向是必须的。
4、建议性--------对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.[1]While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways.The most popular is....Another method is...Still another one is.....[2]Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.对这问题的察觉认识是面对这种情况的第一步。
5、方向性的结尾方式----其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.[1]Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough.The problem should be recognized in a wide way.make some sense：有意义，讲得通，有道理
[2]There is no quick method to the issue of.., but..might be helpful/benefical.[3]The great challenge today is......There is much difficulty , but........6、意义性的结尾方式--------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!
[1]Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort.It will not only benefit.....but also benefit.....[2] In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly..。
