下载文档第一篇：PSIBC篮球训练营-英汉互译
中英文对照。
文字部分
Play Smarter篮球训练营及教练简介
Play Smarter Basketball国际训练营坐落于美国洛杉矶市圣加百利地区，由理查德.马奎斯教练创办，是一个拥有三十多年历史的国际专业篮球常年训练营。每年寒暑假，训练营会在不同国家举办培训活动。培训主要针对12至22周岁的青少年，以培养篮球天才少年为理念，通过篮球技术和头脑反应能力的训练，使营员们感受篮球带来的乐趣，提高个人技术和对球队的信心，改善沟通能力和团队合作能力，学会用自己的智慧执行团队的防守和进攻计划。
What is Play Smarter International Basketball Camp?
The Play Smarter International Basketball Camp, which is located at San Gabriel, Los Angeles , established by Coach Richard Marquis ,is a international professional training center which has been developing for more than 30 years.The camp performs training activities in different countries during summer and winter holidays each year.They focus on the teenagers aging from 12 to 22 years.Based on the concept of “Play Smarter”, the camp train members the basketball skills and capability of brain reflection, thus enabling them the enjoyment of the happiness and pleasure which comes from playing basketball, as well as the self-confidence of their basketball technic.It can also improve their communication and cooperation abilities ,enabling them to perform their group defence and offense plan in a smarter way.Play Smarter Basketball国际训练营已为西班牙，日本、韩国、中国及台湾地区，泰国，菲律宾，波多黎各等二十多个国家培养了大批篮球后备人才，例如原中国奥林匹克希望篮球队。Play Smarter Basketball国际训练营与美国多所大学和高中有着密切的合作关系。并且优秀的营员可以选择到美国的高中或大学就读和训练。
Play Smarter basketball International basketball training camp has done a lot of works for the improvement of the basketball skills of teenagers in more than 20 countries, such as Spain, Japan, Korea, China and Taiwan region(such as the original Chinese Olympic Hope Team), Thailand, Philippines, Puerto Rico etc, they have developed a lot of talent succession for these countries.Play Smarter basketball camp has established good relationships with a lot of high schools and colleges in the United States.And excellent players in the camp from other countries are provided for the opportunities to study and train in high schools or universities in U.S.另外，Play Smarter 篮球训练营也接待来自世界各国的篮球访问团。训练营为交流的球队提供一流的训练设施（包括16块室内木地板球场），并且根据不同球队的水平，特点及要求，安排美国相应的学校篮球队进行交流比赛，提高实战能力。同时，根据需求也可以为交流团队安排旅游活动，例如前往迪斯尼乐园，拉斯维加斯等。Play Smarter作为篮球交流的终端，而非旅行社，为交流球队节省了中间环节费用，提高了交流的价值。最重要的是，交流球队有机会接受美国大学篮球教练的测试，通过选拔的队员可以获得在美国留学的机会。
Moreover, Play Smarter Basketball Camp has been welcoming basketball teams from different countries.The camp offers the first-class training facilities, such as 16 full courts inside gym, they also arranges their members to play with the local basketball teams for training based on their level and need ,thus improving their competence.Also they can arrange some tour program if required ,such as going to visit the Disney or Las Vegas.Since Play Smarter Basketball Camp is not travel agency, the cost of visiting has decreased a lot, which making the trip much worthy for the visiting teams.Most of all, visiting teams have the opportunity to get the test by coaches from America universities, and players who pass the test may be admitted to study in U.S.Play Smarter Basketball国际训练营总裁及总教练Coach Marquis在60年代执教于西班牙和法国的最大联赛（后来的FIBA国际篮联世界锦标赛的前身）。之后在NBA执教和工作了13年（1971年-1984年），并且担任了十年的NBA夏季联赛主席（曾任美国NBA洛杉矶湖人队教练员，执教过天钩贾巴尔）。同时，马奎斯教练在青少年篮球训练上有着非常丰富的经验。在美国的高校篮球历史上，只有3名教练有超过1000场胜利的记录，其中就包括马奎斯教练。
President of the Play Smarter Basketball international training camp and main Coach Marquis has performed as a teacher in the biggest league between Spain and France which was once named FIBA.After that he coached for NBA for 13 years(1971-1984)and acted as the summer league chairman for NBA(he also has coached united NBA Lakers in Las Vegas , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar was once be coached by him).At the same time ,Coach Marquis has extraordinary experience in the training of young adult’s basketball.In the history of basketball in united state’s high school, only three of the coaches have the record of more one thousand succeed, including coach Marquis.马奎斯教练是日本和韩国的第一位大学球队外籍教练，202_年，马奎斯教练受聘于厦门大学，成为了中国第一位大学（大超联赛）的外籍教练。在40年的执教生涯中，马奎斯教练执教过许多国家的男子，女子或者青年男子，女子篮球队，其中包括墨西哥，巴西，泰国，日本，韩国，马来西亚，菲律宾，西班牙，法国，意大利等。
Coach Marquis was the first university basketball coach from abroad in Japan and Korea, in the year of 202_ ,Coach Marquis was employed by Xiamen university ,and became the first foreign coach in Chinese university.In his forty years coaching career, coach Marquis has been travelling all over the world，coaching and teaching basketball both for boys ,girls and adult men female basketball in lots of countries,including mexico, brazil, thailand, japan, korea, malaysia, the philippines, spain, france and italy.丰富的执教经验使马奎斯教练拥有非常广泛的人际关系，他的很多朋友或者学生执教于美国各大学,中学篮球队。至今，马奎斯教练为世界各国很多篮球少年提供机会到美国进行特训，并推荐他们到适合的大学进行学习。
His rich experience enabled him the very extensively relationships ,he has a lot of friends or students who are coaching in some of the universities in the united states or in some middle school basketball teams.Up till now, coach marquis also provide the opportunities for teenage basketball members in worldwide countries to get special training in the United States, as well as recommending them to study in proper universities.有着三十年篮球培训及交流的我们，可以保证，你不能找到比我们更好的篮球训练营。
We guarantee that you can never find a better training camp because we have been doing it for 30 years.我们提供哪些价值 what we provide？
球队赴美交流访问
Sending Basketball teams to visit US for sports exchange and training 亲身感受美国篮球文化氛围
与美国球队亲自过招，加强队伍实战经历 学习了解最先进的篮球理念
可观看NBA比赛，近距离一睹巨星风采
当地大学教练现场测试队员，可帮助中国学生通过篮球赴美读书
与中国高校合作开展Play Smarter篮球训练营 学习了解当今最新篮球理念及哲学
30年青少年训练经验，提高青少年篮球竞技水平
美国原版篮球训练教材，在竞技和娱乐中轻松掌握英语学习要领 以球会友，这是联系美国大学，高中的桥梁 扩大学校知名度及影响力
Feeling the basketball paradise by yourselves.Have scrimmages with US teams to acquire the experiences.Learning the advanced basketball concept.Watching NBA games to see the famous stars in closer range Local college coaches will watch the training and select the players they like and may help some Chinese students to study aboard because of your basketball.Cooperate with Chinese universities to promote Play Smarter basketball camp.Learning the advanced basketball drills, concepts and philosophy.Improving your basketball competition skills according to our more than 30 year’s experiences.Original basketball studying materials help for your learning of English.We are the bridge to connect your high schools & colleges in US.Enlarging the reputation and influence of your schools.照片部分 照片附上说明。教练的合影照片（与名人）16片篮球场的照片 球场坐标
其他部分：
赞助商Molten Hoop Rat 的logo出现，表示感谢。最后附上我们的联系方式 名片出现
第二篇：英汉互译
UNIT1
1.对于网络课程，学生不仅可以选择何时何地学习，在回答问题之前他们还可以有时间思考答案。
Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply.2.网上学习的想法使她非常兴奋，而他认为网上学习毫无意义和用处。
She is excited by the idea of online learning while he considers it meaningless and useless.3.与以英语为母语的人交谈是非常有益的体验，从中我们能学到许多东西。
Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot.4.如今，越来越多的人可以利用互联网查找他们需要的信息。
Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need.5.他要她放弃工作在家照顾孩子，但是她觉得这个要求太过分了。
He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children.She feels, however, that this is too much for her.6.既然我们已经学完这门课程，就应该多做些复习。
Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.UNIT3
1.即使报酬并不优厚，我还是决定那个新职位。
I have decided to accept the new post, even though the job is not very well paid.2.这项工作在世纪开始干之前，一直被认为是十分简单的。
The job has been taken to be very simple until(it is)actually started.3.既然你计划移居加拿大，你就必须努力适应冬季的严寒天气。
Now that you are planning to move to Canada, you must try to adjust to cold weather in winter
4.他承诺帮助我们买下那幢房子，但有点勉强。
He promised to help us to buy the house, but with a little reluctance.5.这是一次重要的会议，请务必不要迟到。
This is an important meeting.Please see to it that you are not late for it.6.他是个有经验的商人，做国际贸易已有好几年了。
He is an experienced businessman who has engaged in foreign trade for quite a few years
UNIT4
1.她如此专心的读那本书，以至于有人进来她也没意识到。
She was so absorbed in reading the book that she was not conscious of someone coming in.2.他第一个会议就迟到了将近一个小时，给大家留下了一个很糟糕的印象。
He was late for almost an hour for the first meeting, leaving a bad impression on everyone.3.不管是有意识还是无意识，我们往往会根据对方的眼神、面部表情、形体动作和态度对他们作出判断。
Consciously or unconsciously, we make up our minds about people through their eyes, faces, bodies, and attitudes.4.周教授一生都致力于语言教学事业。
Professor Zhou was committed to the cause of language teaching all his life.5.许多指导性的书籍都会建议：要想给人留下好印象，其诀窍在于始终如一的保持最佳的自我。
Many how-to books advise you that if you want to make a good impression, the trick is to be consistently you, at your best.6.媒体有时会传递含混不清的信息，但大多数人相信亲眼所见胜于耳闻。
The media sometimes sends mixed messages, but most people believe what they see over what they hear.UNIT6
1.爆炸后五分钟警察就到了车站，记者也到了。
The police got to the station five minutes after the explosion, and so did the reporters.2.即使你不同意她的观点，她的话也是值得一听的。
Even if you disagree with her, she is worth listening to.3.负责调查的官员只给新闻记者提供了一些事实真相。
The news reporters were given nothing but bare facts by the officials in charge of the investigation
4.这个房子装修得很好，但窗帘的颜色与整体风格不太相配。
The room was well decorated, but the color of the curtain did not go well with the overall style
5.每次去我丈夫出生地方，我们总是一家家的拜访他的亲戚。
Whenever we go back to the place where my husband was born, we always make the rounds of his relatives.6.与他的希望相反，他女朋友的父母不像他父母那样平易近人。
Contrary to his hope, his girlfriend's parents are not as approachable as his parents.UNIT8
1.这个城市有20所大学，其中有的是世界知名大学。
There are twenty universities in this city, some of which are world-famous.2.他越想这件事，就越生气。
The more he thinks about it, the angrier he becomes.3.她对那些无辜的受害者充满了同情。
She was filled with pity for the innocent victims.4.他全身心忙于公务，根本没有时间考虑休假。
He was occupied with his business matters and didn't have time to think about.5.这个国家的经济在一定程度上依赖于原材料的进口。
The country's economy depends to some degree on the import of raw material: a holiday.6.经过委员们数次讨论，新的行动方案初见端倪。
After several discussions between the members of the committee, a new plan of action began to take shape.UNIT10
1.我把这张照片放在每天都可以看到的地方，因为它能让我想起我上大学的日子。I keep the picture where I can see it every day as it reminds me of my university days.2.在一些国家，所谓的平等并不真正意味着所有人拥有平等的权利。
In some countries, what is called "equality, does not really mean equal rights for all people.3.他习惯在手边放本词典，以便遇到生词时查找其意义。
He is used to keeping a dictionary at hand so that he can find the meaning of new words he comes across.4.面对个人压力时，你应该坚信自己将达到最终目标。
When confronted with personal pressure, you should stand firmly for your belief that you will reach your ultimate goal.5.换言之，要保持自我，面对现实，不可贪财图利。
In other words, be yourself and face reality, but don't sell out to convenience.6.我不喜欢那些总是依赖外在因素使自己感觉良好的人。
I don't like those people who always rely on external factors in order to feel good about themselves.
第三篇：自我介绍英汉互译
女士们，先生们大家上午好：
我叫郭若松，是一个性格活泼、爱好广泛的男孩，对播音主持和奔放的舞蹈更是情有独钟。我喜欢在我的世界里载着梦想自由飞翔。如果说主持人用语言与观众交流，那我更是喜欢舞者使用无声的肢体语言与人交流。
而熟知我的老师和同学们都说我是一个爱做梦的男孩。假如有一天，能够面对着麦克风——我最亲密的朋友，将我心中最美的感受和最多的感动，通过声音和画面传递给更多人。我相信心灵的沟通将是笑颜更加灿烂，情感的交融会让忙碌得你我他多一些宽容和关爱，这就是我的梦想和孜孜以求的目标。Good morning ladies and gentalman:
I called Guo ruo song is a lively personality, hobbies boy is a soft spot, radio host and imaginative dance.I like to fly freely carrying the dream of my world.If the host language to communicate with the audience, then I like the dancers use the silent body language to communicate with people.And the well-known teacher and classmates say I love dream boy.If, one day, the face of the microphone-my closest friends, the best feelings in my heart and moved passed to more people through sound and pictures.I believe that spiritual communication will be more brilliant smile, emotional blend makes busy you and me a little more tolerant and caring, this is my dream and pursued the goal.
第四篇：英汉拟声词互译.
英文拟声词与翻译
试看译例：
1.风萧萧，雨萧萧，马萧萧。
The wind whistled, the rain pattered and the horse neighed.2.Thunder began to rumble.雷声开始隆隆地响。3.The cart rumbled past.车轱辘轱辘地过去了。
4.His stomach rumbled emptily.他肚子空空如也咕噜咕噜地叫。
5.哒哒哒哒哒！咚！咚！李先生突然抱着头直跳起来，但随即像一块木头似的倒下去。Rat-ta-ta-ta, boom!boom!Wrapping his arms around his head, Mr.Li leaped up, but immediately fell forward like a log.6.这个时候，长城线上，烽火连天，一辆囚车，却囚着革命英雄，向南急驰。
At a time when the war was raging along the Great Wall, a Carriage, carrying this
revolutionary hero, went rumbling swiftly southwards.7.Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angels and have not charity, I am become a sounding brass, or a tinkling cymbal.我若能说万人的方言，并天使的话语，却没有爱，我就成了鸣的锣，钹一般。
8.She drew one out.R-ratch!Now it sputtered and burned.她抽出一根或才，哧！啪！一下子燃着了。
有关拟声词的译法：
一、同一个拟声词，如例1中的“萧萧”，在不同的上下文或结构中，应根据译文的语言习惯或地道用法，选用不同的与原文意义对应的词或表达方式。
二、根据上一条，自然可以从另一面总结出第二种方法，即原文不同句中的几个不同拟声词可以译成同一个词。如“隆隆地响”、“咕噜咕噜地叫”、“ 轱辘轱辘”均可译成同一个英文拟声词 rumble, 其基本意思是 “make a deep, heavy, continuous sound”。
三、原文中有拟声词，译文中也用拟声词相对应。有的译为独词句，有的译为动词或名词的辅助成分。有时可以将英文的拟声词译为汉语中较为抽象的“..........的叫，...........声”，如he seemed to hear about him the rustle of unceasing and innumberable wings，耳际仿佛传来无数翅膀的拍击声。
四、原文中没用拟声词，但很生动，如例6中的“向南疾驰”，也可以译成拟声词。增加拟声词可以增加效果，如The logs were burning briskly in the fire.木柴在火中哔哔剥剥烧的正旺。
五、与上一方法相对应，原文中用了拟声词，译文中可以不用拟声词，而是用其他能产生同样效果的词语，如例7。译文也可以不用拟声词而直叙其动作，如They splashed through the mire to the village.他们一路踏着泥水向村子去。
关于动物叫声的拟声词不管是在英语还是汉语中，都很具体，在互译中要特别注意选准具体词语。英国人说“......动物怎么叫？”“What dose a XXX go?”现将最常用的具体词语列举如下：
A bee hums(buzzes, drones).蜜蜂嗡嗡（哼哼）的叫。
A fly hums(buzzes, drones).苍蝇嗡嗡叫。
A mosquito hums(buzzes, drones).蚊子哼哼（嗡嗡）叫。
A bird twitters(chirps, chirrups).鸟叫（叽叽喳喳的叫）。
A sparrow twitters(chirps, chirrups).麻雀吱吱喳喳叫。
A cicada chirps(chirrups).知了啾啾叫。
A cricket chips(chirrups).蟋蟀唧唧叫。A crow caws(croaks).乌鸦哇哇叫。
A dove/ pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
A magpie chatters.喜鹊喳喳叫。
A nightingale jugs(jug-jugs).夜莺歌唱。
An owl hoots(whoops).猫头鹰叫。
A parrot squawks.鹦鹉叫。
A wild-goose honks.雁叫。
A crane whoops.（风声）鹤叫。
A bull bellows(lows).公牛哞哞叫。
A cow moos(lows).母牛哞哞叫。
A calf bleats.小牛哞哞叫。A goat bleats.山羊咩咩叫。
A lamb bleats(baas).小羊咩咩叫。A sheep bleats(baas).绵羊咩咩叫。A deer bleats.鹿叫。
A hen cackles(chucks, chuckles, clucks).母鸡咯咯叫。A chick cheeps(pips, peeps).小鸡唧唧叫。
A cock crows.公鸡喔喔叫。
A duck quacks.鸭子呱呱叫。
A goose cackles(gaggles).鹅嘎嘎叫。
An elephant trumpets.大象叫。
A fox yelps.狐狸叫。
An ass brays(hee-haws).驴叫。
A horse neighs(whinnies, knickers).马叫。
A lion roars.狮吼。
A tiger growls.虎啸（吼，叫）。
A turkey gobbles.火鸡（咯咯）叫。
A whale blows.鲸鱼（扑扑）叫。
A wolf howls(growls).狼（嚎，号）叫。
A frog croaks.青蛙哇哇叫。
A monkey screeches(chatters, gibbers, jabbers).猴子叫（猿啼，猿啸）。
A mouse squeaks(peeps).老鼠吱吱（唧唧）叫。
A snake hisses.蛇声咝咝。
A cat miaows(miaus, mews, purrs).猫咪咪叫。
A dog barks(yaps, yelps, bays, snarls, growls, howls).狗汪汪叫（狂叫等）。
A pig grunts(squeals).猪咕噜咕噜（哼哼）叫。
其它一些拟声词：
1、金属磕碰声
当啷
clank,clang
2、形容金属的响声 当当 rattle
3、金属、瓷器连续撞击声 丁零当啷 jingle, jangle, cling-clang
4、鼓声、敲门声 咚咚 rub-a dub, rat-tat, rat-a-tat
5、脆响的（关门）声 吧嗒 clik
6、敲打木头声 梆梆 rat-tat，rat-at
7、重物落下声 咕咚 thud, splash, plump
8、东西倾倒声 哗啦 crash, clank
9、风吹动树枝叶声 飒飒 sough, rustle
10、树枝等折断声 嘎巴 crack, snap
11、不大的寒风声 瑟瑟 rustle
12、踩沙子、飞沙击物或风吹草木 沙沙、飒飒 rustle
13、飞机螺旋桨转动 呼呼 whirr
14、雨点敲击房顶 噼里啪啦 patter
15、水流动声 拔拉 splash, gurgle
16、物体受压 嘎吱 creak
喀嚓 crack, snap
17、溪水、泉水流动声 潺潺 murmur, babble, purl
18、液体、沸腾、水流涌出或大口喝水声 咕嘟 babble, gurgle
19、重物落地声 扑通 flop, thump, splash, pit-a-pat 20、笑声、水、气挤出声 扑哧 titter, snigger, fizz
21、雷声、爆炸声、机器声 隆隆 hum, rumble, roll
22、汽笛或喇叭声 呜呜 toot, hoot, zoom
23、油在锅里 滋滋 sizzle
24、鞭炮爆炸声 噼啪 pop
25、脚踏楼板声 登登 clump
第五篇：英汉词汇互译
英汉词汇互译的若干方法
(一)准确理解词义
1.根据上下文辨词义。
2.论褒贬，即要注意同义词之间有不同的语体色彩、使用范围及程度。
任何语言都有语体之分，有高雅的、通俗的、粗野 的，还有俚语、公文用语及术语等。文学作品中，作家通过不同的语体来刻画人物的性格特征，更是常用的方法。翻译时，必须审其雅俗，量其轻重，这样，才能恰如其分地表达原文的精神。
(1)词义有轻重的不同
例如表示“打破”的词
break是最一般的用语，意思是经打击或施加压力而破碎。
crack是出现了裂缝，但还没有变成碎片。
crush是从外面用力往内或从上往下而压碎。
demolish是破坏、铲平或削平(如土堆、建筑物、城堡等)。
destroy是完全摧毁，使之无法复原。
shatter是突然使一物体粉碎。
smash旧指由于突如其来的一阵暴力带一声响而彻底粉碎。
又如表示“闪光”的词
shine照耀；指光的稳定发射。
glitter闪光；指光的不稳定发射。
glare耀眼；表示光的最强度。
sparkle闪烁；指发射微细的光度。
(2)词义有范围大小和侧重面的不同
在一定上下文中，在agriculture，farming，cultivation，agronomy四个词中：griculture指农业科学、农业技术、整个农业生产过程，所包含的范围最广。farming指农业的实践。cultivation指农业物的栽培过程。agronomy指把科学原理运用到农业耕作中去的实践。
又如在empty，vacant，hollow这组同义词中，它们各自有不同的形容对象和强调的内容：
empty可以用来形容house，room，cup，box，stomach，head，words等词，表示“空的，一无所有。”
vacant可以用来形容position，room，house，seat等词表示“没有人占用的，空缺的。”hollow可以和tree，voice，sound，cheeks等词连用，表示“空洞的，虚的，不实的，下陷的。”
(3)词义有感情色彩(如憎恶、蔑视、讽刺、诅咒、尊敬、亲昵等等)和语体色彩(如庄严、高雅、古朴、俚语、方言词语、公文用语、委婉词等等)的不同。如“死”就有许多委婉的说法：
to expire 逝世
to pass away 与世长辞
to close(end)one's day 寿终
to breathe one's last 断气
to go west 归西天
to pay the debt of nature 了结尘缘
to depart to the world of shadows 命归黄泉
to give up the ghost 见阎王
to kick the bucket蹬腿You can kick everything but you can not kick the bucket.to kick up one's heels 蹬腿
又如“怀孕”也有许多委婉的说法：
She is having a baby.She is expecting.She is in the family way.She is knitting little booties.She is in a delicate condition.She is in an interesting condition.又如“警察”：
policeman 正式用语
cop 美国口语
bobby 英国口语
nab 美国俚语
3.看搭配。任何一种语言，在长期使用的过程中，会形成一种固定的词组或常见的搭配。这些比较固定的说法，有时可以译成另一种语言，有时则不行。翻译时，必须注意英汉两种语言中词的不同搭配。
以kill为例：
He killed the man.他杀死了那个人。
He killed his chances of success.他断送了成功的机会。
He killed the motion when it came from the committe e.他否决了委员会提出来的动议。
He killed three bottles of whisky in a week.他一周内喝光了三瓶威士忌。
kill the peace 扼杀和平
kill the promise 取消诺言
kill a marriage 解除婚约
还要注意英汉定语与名词的搭配不同：
heavy crops 丰收
heavy news 令人悲痛的消息
heavy road 泥泞的路
heavy sea 波涛汹涌的海洋
heavy heart 忧伤的心
heavy reader 沉闷冗长的读物
又如：
a broken man 一个绝望的人
a broken soldier 一个残废军人
a broken promise 背弃的诺言
a broken spirit 消沉的意志
broken money 零钱
国际著名品牌趣译
许多国际著名品牌源于很平凡的名字，译为中文必须有巧思。
如果把营销比喻成一场战役，那么成功的品牌名称就像一面不倒的军旗。国际品牌在全球范围内营销，必然要跨越种种文化障碍，如语言差异、消费习惯差异、宗教差异等。把品牌译为中文必须有巧思。
由于西方国家的文化比较相似，所以某一个国家的品牌比较容易为其他国家所接受。中华文化与西方文化差异较大，因此，国外品牌要打入华人市场，必须慎重考虑命名问题。商品经济现象的复杂，使西方品牌名称的翻译超越了语言学概念，而上升到文化心理和市场重新定位层面。
麦当劳：蕴含多层意义，比如麦当劳，英文名称是“McDonald’s”，它是店主人名字的所有格形成。西方人习惯以姓氏给公司命名，像爱迪生公司、华尔特·迪斯尼公司、福特公司。但是华人通常喜欢以喜庆、兴隆、吉祥、新颖的词汇给店铺命名，如“百盛”、“天润发”、“好来顺”、“全聚德”、“喜来登”。McDonald是个小人物，他比不上爱迪生，人家是世界闻名的大科学家，也不如迪斯尼，因为迪斯尼成了“卡通世界”的代名词，所以如果老老实实地把“McDonald’s”译成“麦克唐纳的店”，就过于平淡，而“麦当劳”就非常成功：
一，大致保留了原发音；
二，体现了食品店的性质；
三，蕴涵着“要吃麦就应当劳动”的教育意义；
四，风格既“中”又“洋”，符合华人的口味。
可口可乐：绝妙之译，众所周知，“可口可乐”就是“CocaCola”，但是却很少有人追问一句：那是什么意思？原来Coca和Cola是两种植物的名字，音译为古柯树和可乐树，古柯树的叶子和可乐树的籽是该饮品的原材料，古柯叶里面含有古柯碱，也叫可卡因（有时用做局总麻醉药，尤其用于眼睛、鼻子或喉咙，还因其兴奋性和刺激性而广泛用做毒品）。这样枯燥乏味甚至有点可怕的名字居然被翻译成“可口可乐”，真是CocaCola公司的化腐朽为神奇。“可口可乐”译名的成功之处在于：
一，保留了原文押头韵的响亮发音；
二，完全抛弃了原文的意思，而是从喝饮料的感受和好处上打攻心战，手段高明；
三，这种饮品的味道并非人人喜欢，很多人甚至觉得它像中药，但它却自称“可口”，而且喝了以后还让人开心。善于进行自我表扬，讨好大众。
上述两例是保留原品牌名称发音，而改变原意的成功范例。其他如中国译为“奔驰”，新马译为“马赛地”的名牌汽车，原文“MercedesBenz”是该汽车公司老板爱女的名字，译为“奔驰”是删除了复杂的Mercedes，简洁而响亮。
“Ikea”译为“宜家”是高招，再如“Ikea”家具品牌，即便在瑞典也很少有人知道它的意思，是聪明的中译者赋予它“宜家”这美好的含义。实际上，Ikea是该品牌的创始人IngvarKamprad和他的农场名Elmtaryd及村庄名Agunnaryd的词首字母组合。
有的品牌名称只进行音译，如“麦斯威尔”咖啡，仅仅是“Maxwell”的发音而已。由于它的诉求对象是白领阶层，尤其是“外向型”白领，因此这个名字是成功的。但如果想让广大华人买账，就不如“雀巢”。在雀巢咖啡刚进入中国大陆时，听村里的农民议论：“雀巢”咖啡就是“鸟窝”咖啡。即使没文化的人也对它产生兴趣，可见名称的戏剧性效果非常有利于提高品牌的知名度。
名牌手机“诺基亚”，芬兰文原名“Nokia”，是厂子所在小镇的名字，很显然，译文比原文更富有高科技感，好像还有点“承诺亚洲”的味道。
“福士伟根”跟希特勒有关，有的品牌名称只进行意译。如“福士伟根”（中国称“大众汽车”），德文原名“Volkswagen”，Vokls的意思是人民大众，Wagen是汽车。
关于“福士伟根”，还有一段鲜为人知的来历：19世纪二三十年代，汽车非常昂贵，只属于少数富人。希特勒上台后，宣称要为全体劳动大众制造汽车，汽车的牌子就叫“Volkswagen”，他号召人们每月省下一些钱，建立“汽车存款”，若干年后家家有汽车。可是不久战争爆发，汽车厂忙着造战争机器去了。然而战后大众汽车的品牌名称却保留了下来。
还有一类是以简称进行跨国界统一传播，比如慕尼黑的一家汽车厂，德文全称是BayerischeMotorenWerke（拜耶里奇飞机引擎生产厂），简称为BMW，后来它不仅生产飞机发动机，还扩展到越野车、摩托单车、高级轿车。现在没有人关心BMW到底是什么意思，BMW三个字母围绕的蓝白徽标，已成为成功和信誉的标志。其中文名称“宝马”是多么浪漫、简洁、贴切。
再如，Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company（明尼苏达矿业及制造公司），就是我们熟知的3M公司。西方人对品牌名称的要求比较单纯：一，简单易记；二不重复；三，在别国语言里不会产生误解，对宗教信仰不要有侮辱性含义。为安全起见，有些厂家就干脆造一个新词，如康柏公司“Compaq”（美国电脑生产商）来源于Compact（电脑术语，意思是密集的、压紧的），把词尾变成q，就构成一个新词，它很容易使人联想到源词，使公司的行业特征非常明显。
感冒症状表达法
1.I've got a cold./ I've got a bad cold.我感冒了。/ 我感冒很严重。
2.I've got a runny nose./ My nose is running.我流鼻水。
3.I've got a sore throat.我喉咙痛。
4.I've been coughing day and night.我早晚都在咳嗽。
5.I can't stop sneezing.我打喷嚏打个不停。
6.I've got a temperature./ I'm running a high fever.我发烧了。/ 我发高烧。
7.I've got a very bad headache./ This headache is killing me.我头很痛。/我头快痛死了。
8.I feel sore and ache all over.我觉得全身酸痛。
9.I feel like I'm dying.我觉得我好象要死了一样。
10.I feel dizzy./ My head is swimming.我头晕。/ 我头昏脑胀的。
关于[缘]的表达
缘分 predestined relationship
缘 reason;cause;sake, relationship, edge;fringe, climb
血缘 blood relationship
人缘 relations with people
姻缘 predestined marriage
前世因缘 predestination
天赐良缘 a godsent marriage;a good marriage arranged in Heaven
天缘巧合 a luck coincidence
喜结良缘 tie the nuptial knot
缔结姻缘 form marital tie
聊得投缘 talk congenially
有缘结识某人 be lucky to get acquainted with sb.无缘结识某人 have no opportunity to get acquainted with sb.
