第一篇：石河子大学第五届模拟联合国大会闭幕词

各位老师，各位同学，大家好！

真的很高兴、也很荣幸能够与在座的各位共同参加石河子大学第五届模拟联合国大会，一同庆祝石河子大学五周岁的生日，共同见证模联的成长。在模联五年的发展历程中，我经历了两年，占了五分之二，与四年的大学生活相比，模联占了我的二分之一，而从我大一进入模联到现在为止，模联则贯穿了我全部的大学生活！

去年，我是作为一个代表参与的此次大会。那时的我还太稚嫩，还不懂作为一名外交官如何才能为自己的国家维护主权，争取利益，树立形象，但经历了那次大会后，我学会了太多太多，不仅仅是一些参会技巧，更多的则是思想观念上的转变。有人说，人会经历三次成长，第一次是发现有些事情是自己很难做到，第二次是发现尽管自己竭尽全力，有些事情可能依然做不到，第三次则是明明知道有些事情做不到，却依然后竭尽全力去做。我想，模联人就是处在第三成长阶段的人，他们明知道自己的决议草案几乎不可能被实施，但他们依然努力着，要让世界听到自己的声音。我想，这才是真正的中华民族的未来与希望，他们关注的不仅仅是工作、薪水、房子、宝马奔驰这一类的物质享受，更多的则是国际问题与争端，并用自己的力量推动社会的发展。

今年，作为一个组织者，与各位筹委会小伙伴们共同筹办本届大会，我更加深刻地体会到了模联人的精神--奉献与坚持。回想起筹备本次大会的点点滴滴，涌现在我脑海里最多的一个词就是”感动”。

在整个筹会的过程中，我们真的经历了太多的困难与坎坷。印象最深刻的一次就是开幕式的头一天下午，灵灵姐给我打电话，声音哽咽着说，“娟，我们的开幕式北区大会堂用不了了。”说完就再也抑制不住，哇的一下就哭开了。瞬间，我这边眼泪就开始往下掉，我平复了一下心情和她说，没关系嘛，那我们就去会二开呗，去年在绿三都开了，今年还怕什么啊？！表面上虽然这样说，可是我心里却清楚得很，那时候，我们就没有申请在这个教室办开幕式，也就是说，我们连这个教室都不确定能用得上。电话那头，就听灵灵姐一直在强调，你说，收好的北区大会堂，我怎么和大家交代啊，说了好久，灵灵姐的声音才渐渐镇定下来。

一直到开幕式那天上午11点多，我们开幕式的场地才确定下来。我们才能开始打印大会手册，布置场地。可是，大会手册电子版拿到打印店去，在那儿的电脑上竟然乱码了，没办法，我们只能重新排版。就你们手上拿的那本大会，虽然有一些瑕疵，却是我们的另一位副秘书长赵沛尧在打印店呆了将近一天，才做出来的。

就当我们在打印店忙得焦头烂额的时候，灵灵姐的钥匙链找不到了，她一想自己衣服也没换，头发也没洗，下午还要致开幕词就差点急哭了。也许你们不知道，最近这段日子，为了忙我们的大会，她每天都得很晚才能回家，两三点才能睡觉，第二天还要上课，基本上四五天才不得不挤出点时间洗一次头发。幸亏，后来钥匙找到了。

还有我们的志愿者，他们的付出与奉献，依然让人感动。大会宣传时，他们牺牲自己的午休时间，顶着烈日在校园里的各个校区来回奔跑，张贴海报。开大会这三天，他们就一直没有停下来过。所以的会场，大会和晚会，都是他们布置的，还有你们的tea break也是他们准备的。每场会结束时，代表们都回去吃饭了，他们却还在收拾会场。提到志愿者团队，就不得不提他们的部长，王雪同学。开大会这两天，她除了要管理志愿者，还要参加考试。昨天晚上的social结束后，所有的筹委会人员都上去合影、吃蛋糕了，她却在下面带领志愿者打扫会场。我如果没猜错的话，她应该练一口蛋糕都没吃上吧。

还有我们的MPC成员，他们既要兼顾自己的工作，还要排练social的舞蹈。为了练好这个舞蹈，他们从基本功练起，扎马步，一蹲就是半个小时，有些动作还要趴在地上练。这对许多没有舞蹈功底的MPC成员来说，是非常不容易的。大会这两天，为了能够多出几分高水平的报纸，他们中午都没有回去，晚上跳完舞回去还要写稿。作为原新闻部的部长，我只想说一句话，汤米米和新闻部的孩子们，我为你们感到骄傲！还有，不得不说的就是学术部的成员了。整个假期，学术部的人几乎每天都在查资料，整理资料，写文件，开学后又进行了一遍又一遍的修改，你们才看到了最终确定的那份SG。每一次精彩纷呈的培训与模拟，都是学术部精心准备的成果。

最后，来说说我们可爱的筹委会成员吧。筹委会以外的人可能不知道，我们的大会时间与品牌社团审核时间冲突了，大家既要忙大会，还要忙答辩，有些人还要忙着排话剧。昨天那场话剧的所有演员都是我们的筹委会人员，他们精心排练了两个月才取得了最后那么轰动的效果。除此之外有些人还要忙着考试。像赵沛尧，王雪，刘家浩等。说起刘家浩，说先像大家介绍一下，他是我们social evenet的助理，由于他的部长近期出去实习了，后期的工作基本上都是他一个人完成的。他每天晚上都要忙到两三点才能睡，原本就很瘦，半个月内，又瘦了两公斤。一个大男生，现在只有90多斤，连100斤都不到。昨天一直奔波于晚会的准备，他整整一天都没有吃上饭。还有他的部长闫尊祥，他人虽在外面实习，心却一直都留在模联。为了我们的晚会，他特地请假，从阿拉山口坐了一晚上的车赶回来，今天还要急匆匆地赶回去。为了让代表少交一些会费，节省一些开支，公关部部长李大伟一直忙于拉赞助。有时候跑了两三次，都不一定能成功，有时候在外面跑了一天连饭都吃不上。还有传媒部部长王丽同学，我们所有的国家牌、胸牌、展板、海报，视频，都是她们部的工作成果。最近，为了改图，王丽经常要熬到深夜，就连开幕式的前一天，她都熬到了三点多，才最终确定了我们现在门口那块幕布的设计稿。还有给我们做视频的王金忠同学，公关部的郭梦婕同学等等，我们筹委会可爱的人真是太多了，那些动人的故事真是说不尽、道不完。能与这样的人一起做事，能够结识这样的一群朋友，真的是我加入此次筹委会最大的收获，我相信，它也将是我大学时代最宝贵的一笔财富。

最后，请允许我讲一讲我们的团委书记林老师。原来，我一直觉得林老师有点严肃，可是接触后，我才发现，他竟然是如此可爱。他嘴上虽说，你们快走吧，别再烦我了，却还会一次又一次的跑到院领导、校领导那里去给我们申请场地，盖章，发邀请函。开幕式那天，他还亲自去给我们布置会场。还让我们不要太担心钱，去买一个大蛋糕来庆祝模联的五岁生日，会费不够的话，他给我们补助。最最令人感动的事，林老师这两天累病了，白天在医院打点滴，晚上还是亲自跑到晚会现场去看了看我们的情况。林老师，我只想说，模联能有您做我们的指导老师，真的是我们的荣幸！老师，您辛苦啦！

最后，请允许我代表筹委会全体工作人员对参与此次大会的代表、志愿者、以及MPC成员表示感谢。期待下下一场大会，还能看到你们的身影，让你我与希冀模联共同成长！

第二篇：2013黑龙江大学第五届模拟联合国大会会议资料

1.A strong, efficient operational heart, a decision making body, should be built which would take actions such as disaster assessment and dispatching experts, provide financial help to the suffering area as the natural hazards come.Meanwhile, it should also be the information center for states to share information and take joint efforts to deal with the natural disaster;1.An alerting system platform is required for risk assessment and advisory.It can also serves as a platform for communication when emergency comes.The platform should also be responsible for testing and rehearsing Contingency planning, decision-making procedures, provision of information to the public and media.2.A training program should be set up to promote the resilience of the civilians, making them tougher in face of disasters.This training program focus on general training(training for civilians)and volunteer training.The volunteers should be dispatched to the areas hitting by disasters;3.A certain fund should be raised by states to provide financial help under the resolution of the operational heart.This fund also need help and support from the NGOs, under the joint supervision of the operational heart and the NGOs, the European Union believes that the money would be used properly and efficiently.4.An insurance institution should be established to provide the financial help after the disaster.Policies and legal systems should be built to ensure that civilians could get this insurance before the disaster.The European Union calls for other countries and NGOs like the World Bank to take efforts in maintaining the execution of this plan.2.Immediate impact phase

A.The priority of this phase: 1.Calling for governments to reinforce the establishment of emergency rescuing team;2.Strengthening the government's capacity of quickly organizing critical services such as providing food, water, sanitation, basic health care, protection from violence;3.The media spreads news letting people of other regions know the situation in affected areas thus facilitate immediate assistance.B.Most vulnerable Population Protection

1.Aids should be pided according to the gender and it should go to the most vulnerable arrears, countries or region.Women, children and elder should have priority;2.Civilian and Military Cooperation;a.Scope :very specific circumstances in complex emergencies;b.Countries all around include humanitarian community;c.Capabilities include communications services, sea and airport repairs and operation, fuel management, road and bridge repairs;d.Military is required to provide safe and secure environments to allow humanitarian actors access to deliver humanitarian aid;e.Civil-Military Coordination Section(CMCS)is the custodian of the UN guidelines and documents on civil-military coordination.3.Programs like Seasonal social safety net can be used in order to protect the most vulnerable households.It includes cash transfers, either unconditionally, or in exchange for work or training, when their reserves of money and food are lowest.Civilians can buy food for themselves, boost their local economies.C.International Cooperation 1.The regional mechanism,may appointment or cooperation with international teams.The teams shall be composed of experts and a team leader provided by the member states.The selection shall also be based on serious criteria so as to ensure that the team as a whole has available the skills needed for the specific situation;2.Military assets and capabilities available should be consisted with the principles of relevant United Nations Guidelines.3.Post disaster phase Planning The participation and active involvement of regional institution,and affected inpiduals in the planning of recovery efforts is essential;1).The planning should base on a sound ,participatory assessment fo the needs and capacities of the affected population, so that local initiatives ,resources and capacities are fully understood and used;2)This process should be signed to reach the most vulnerable population;3)External technical assistance must complement existing capacities,be conceived as supportive and not directive ,and entail a transfer of technology,know-how and capacities fo increased resilience,risk management and sustainable development.Coordination 1).Coordination and information-sharing between national and international actors involved in recovery activities are essential to avoid duplications and gaps and to optimize available resources;2).More structured and systematic support by the regional community so that national and local authorities are in a position to lead the recovery processes in a way that maximizes all available support.Secondary disaster 1).The most effective way to prevent secondary disaster is giving full to the linkage effect of the existing resources.Through establishing and perfecting the monitoring system,planning the massed route of escape and shelter to reduce the losses in secondary disaster;2).Strengthen the implementation of social safety-net mechanisms to assist the poor,the elderly and the disabled,and other populations affected by disasters.Enhance recovery schemes including psycho-social training programs in order to mitigate the psychological damage of vulnerable populations ,particularly children, in the aftermath of disasters.A.Private Partnership

We recommend:

1.Encouraging private sector to help people in disaster prone get salary for life and ger disaster-affected countries back to the healthy economics to perfect their basic instrument for the readiness of next disaster.2.Enhancing the community function fo the psychology recovery to help people out of the dark of disaster.B.Insurance recovery resources The sticking point of implementation and solution to almost every issue lies in money and financial and technology assistance should be explicitly listed.According to research ,there are already several agencies and organizations whose work is related to these aspects and capable of resolving this problem thus it is not necessary to establish other new agencies for saving money and effort.C.Secondary disaster 1.The most effective way to prevent secondary disaster is giving full play to the linkage effect of existing resources.Through establishing and perfecting the monitoring system, planning the masses route of escape and shelter to reduce the losses in secondary disaster.2.Strengthen the implementation of social safety-net mechanisms to assist the poor, the elderly and the disabled,and other populations affected by disasters.Enhance recovery schemes including psycho-social training programs in order to mitigate the psychological damage of vulnerable populations, particularly children, in the aftermath of disasters.Working Paper 1.9 Committee: United Nation General Assembly-Third Committee Topic: International Cooperation and Aid on Disaster Readiness Submitted by: Italy, Czech Republic, Austria,Greece, Poland, Slovakia, Romania, Comoros, Azerbaijan.In order to give a better salvation toward the issue, we firmly insist the following suggestions.1.An Insurance System ought to be established.Regional or national insurance is encouraged to be founded according to the features and situations of the region.Compulsory insurance towards the local people esp.In the regions where there are more threats by disasters is advised to be provided.National budget, global institutions(WB), NGOs, also enterprises(local and also multinational companies)are considered to provide the financial supports towards the insurance.2.Founding temporary disaster fund

UN suggests countries, large enterprises and international institutions(International Monetary Fund and the World Bank should establish a temporary fund aiming at reducing the effects of the climate and disaster.)

This specific disaster fund should take the responsibility to spread the information of the local people’s need and the way to the donate money by media.3.More attention towards Education

The 42nd general assembly of the United Nation passed the resolution that carrying out an event, International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, among the world, which aimed to help countries to overcome the catastrophe and rebuilt the disaster areas.We suggest that each country to promote the international Day for Disaster Reduction which plays the role of an appeal for action of decreasing the risk of unaware nature disaster and attention of disaster forecast and precaution.4.Information share

Government should cooperate with NGOs which play the role of bond between countries providing assistance and the regions suffering from disaster.1).NGOs should get the details of the disaster in those regions in time and communicate with the local government to get a better understanding of the local people’s needs;

2).NGOs should give a feedback of the information to international organizations and other countries’governments to guarantee the efficiency of information;

Governments of different countries which provide the aids should share the information;

Governments, together with NGOs should provide the public with information of secondary disasters in order to avoid the unnecessary losses;5.Rescue

Transiting the people in the disaster areas to emergency shelter, such as public squares, sport gyms and so on;

Simplifying the procedure of delivering relief materials between countries to guarantee efficiency;

Local rescue teams should cooperate with international rescue teams providing expertise.6.Fund

Media reveals ways to raise fund and supplies from the public people all around the world;

Governments, private sectors, and international organizations should keep their promise of donation to the disaster suffering areas;

Appealing for developed countries for obligating certain amount of fund for humanitarian aids.Working paper 1.7 Committee: General Assembly Third Committee Topic: International Cooperation and aid on disaster Readiness Submitted by: France, Portugal, Spain, Ireland

In order to achieve the target of higher resilience and less vulnerability and give guidance on forming a post-2005 framework, we calls on multi-stakeholders to be involved:

The international priority: Focus on the trans-boundary impacts of disasters, measuring success and leaning the lessons of implementation, especially at national level;

Take advantage of the links between climate change adaptation, sustainable development and disaster risk reduction to demonstrate progress and relevance to other processes;

Abstain from building new systems to implement the post-2015 DRR framework, but instead valorize and use existing systems and networks;

Bottom-up engagement is crucial: national international legal frameworks and policies are not enough to drive effective assessment and implementation of DRR.Rather , bottom-up engagement and education is needed.Therefore, the post-HFA framework should engage local governments from the beginning.Consider a 20 year timeframe for the framework;

The language of the new framework must be formulated with local leaders in mind;help local leaders understand the importance of disaster risk reduction and how to implement successful strategies, build their capacities and leverage their existing resources in the most effective way;

Accelerate the identification of disaster and climate risks including emerging risks, retain people-focused end-to-end early warning systems as a priority;

Pay more attention to small scale disasters which have devastating impacts on communities, especially poor households and other vulnerable groups;

Focus on developing frameworks for measuring and monitoring resilience to aid urban planning and development towards safer cities;

Strengthen the governance of disaster risk reduction with an institutional focus;

Apply evidence from the science and technology community, to ensure policy-making is sound;

Enhance principles for trans-boundary collaboration for reducing risk and vulnerabilities;

Better measurement of the success and progress in disaster risk reduction, using well-defined targets and indicators;

Involvement of multi-stakeholders:

Mayors and local governments are encouraged to organize multi-stakeholder consultations in their localities/cities and share results with national government(through HFA focal points)and UNISDR;

Ensure the participation of academia and other non-conventional actors in DRR(media, private sector, faith-based groups)is important to link with scientific evidence and bring different perspectives to the discussion.Reports of consultation outcomes can be sent to UNISDR regional focal points;

City and Municipality Leagues, Associations and other networks are invited to conduct consultation in their own domain and send their recommendation to UNISDR for publishing on the website and to be included in the process;National government

are

encouraged

to

organize

national multi-stakeholder consultations to consolidate county inputs for the post 2015 framework.It is highly recommended that local governments and cities including community representatives are invited to these;

Through national cross-sectoral and multi-stakeholder consultation, including local actors.Member states take stock of the lessons from managing disasters and securing development planing an investments and share those lessons at fourth session of the Global Platform for Disasters Risk Reduction in 2013;

Reinforce that a multi-stakeholder approach is required to reduce the risks of disasters.We need to recognize and work with the drivers and actors that produce change.This will require more local engagement and consultation with partners and stakeholders;Academic and science networks are well poised to help steer an guide an ongoing dialogue on linking risk assessment, diaster risk reduction methodologies, and new technological development;

National government:

National government are invited to utilize the National Platform for DRR, sub-national platform or other coordination mechanisms to seek inputs form stakeholder groups and local governments;

When participation of local governments and cities is not possible, national governments are encouraged to invite them to provide inputs by responding to suggested questions.Sub-national Disasters Management coordination bodies(such an provincial, district an commune disaster risk management committees)can facilitate discussions, using the questions an send inputs to the HFA focal points;

Provide technical and advisory support if asked by the local governments towards the consultation;

Engage finance and economic development ministries and emphasizing accountability;Invite national governments to initiate dialogues with local governments in view of the post 2015 DRR Framework an to take into account that DRR in decentralization processes as a public service;Encourage national government in addressing questions such as how to carry disaster risk assessment at national and local levels, how to help create a deeper awareness in finance an planning ministries of need to invest in disaster risk reduction, how to apply risk assessment for development planning;

Local government:

local governments, mayors and the urban community will be directly targeted through the “Making Cities Resilient” campaign list serve and events;

Participate in the on-line discussion and debates hosted by UNISDR wherever possible.Local government and urban community representatives are encouraged to participate in the on-line discussions, hosted by UNISDE wherever possible.Posting the main issues, coming out from local consultations will also help generate further debates on critical gaps and challenge;The Local Government Self Assessment(LGSAT)will be used to draw a baseline and identify the gaps and challenges, which will help to prompt a forward looking approach and identify future priorities.The LGSAT reports posted in the on-line tool will be analyzed for provoking further discussions, providing inputs to the draft framework;

Promote inclusion of Local Government representatives in all Post-2015 Framework consultations, regionally and nationally wherever feasible.Inviting local government to Regional Platform an their Post-2015 DRR consultation sessions;

Ensure that the outcomes from local government consultations are presented in the national, regional and global consultation;

Promote in local government and discussion on post 2015 DRR framework in the upcoming and planned events;Provide guidance and advisory support assistance and guidance.Local governments may contact the below mentioned focal points from partner organization if they are planning for or conducting consultations or would like to share outcomes;

Decentralization of the roles and responsibilities of disaster risk reduction should be accompanied with budgets so that local authorities have sufficient control over the necessary with budgets so that local authorities have sufficient control over the necessary resources;

At the local level, a framework to reflect inputs from people on the ground working in disaster risk reduction and resilience could provide evidence that solutions are developed an implemented locally, with special attention to make disaster risk reduction gender-sensitive;

Member States:

Through the above-mentioned consultations, prepare to share the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in 2013 their progress on the implementation of the commitments undertaken at the sessions of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction held in 2007, 2009and 2011, as outlined in the Respective Chair’s summaries;

Engage in the consultation process for the development of a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction, to be facilitated by the Strategy secretariat in accordance with General Assembly resolution 66/199;

Further develop national disaster loss databases, disaster risk mapping and financial tracking systems in order to support decision-making across all levels of Government, and that they make full use of HFA Monitor in order to support the assessment of progress made in disaster risk reduction;

Ensure that future framework and deliberations concerning sustainable development, including those at regional level, be based on practical and sound disaster risk reduction considerations, dram, inter alia, from the proposed national stocktaking exercise;

Ensure resources to and support for the further strengthening of the Strategy secretariat so that the latter can meet the challenges of the coming work on sustainable development and the development of the post-2015 disaster risk reduction framework.

第三篇：模拟联合国大会文档

模拟联合国大会

简介：模拟联合国大会，是以联合国会议的形式，通过同学们模拟各国代表阐述本国的政策、观点，并就议题进行辩论和投票表决方式，作出决议，使同学们了解国际动态和人类所面临的共同问题。以此锻炼学生的国际意识，让大学生高站位的考虑问题，从中学习与提高。

比赛时间：2011年4月X日 比赛场地：学术报告厅 赛前准备：白纸条，国家牌

比赛规格：由学生会中出三人作为联合国大会主席，并维持会场进度。由纪检部出4—6人维护现场秩序。学习部和纪检部共出三人统计大会资料。

国家确认：把10级经济贸易系的国贸、金融、市场、汽车、财会

1、财会2和财会3、4共七个班，可视为七个国家。各班选出代表进行抓阄，抓到哪个国家代表哪国。由学习部出六人，每人带领一个代表队，以帮助各班进行赛前准备、收集资料，以及帮助各班了解大会流程。在模拟会场通过抓阄确定位置。可设置旁听席，各班老师及学生代表可入席旁听。

人员控制：主席1人，副主席2人，秘书3人（一人在过渡阶段走到场上向主席递意向条）

主席负责会场正常有序的进行；秘书负责向主席递交文件、意向条及点名。每个国家的人数控制在3—6个人。

参会国家：模拟参会国为中、美、俄、英、法、日、德。

可选题材：利比亚战争危机的解决途径；日本核危机控制；人民币是 否应升值等。

比赛流程：

1、开幕式

首先由各国代表依次而坐，由主席台人员到位，秘书席人员到位。由秘书开始点名。这一阶段，秘书会按国家字母顺序依次点出国家名，被点到的国家要举牌并回答“到（PRESENT）”，然后由主席致词，大约两分钟，并宣布模拟联合国大会正式开始。

2、确定议题

本次会议将有两个议题供代表选择。代表们通过讨论、投票确定首先讨论的议题。在此阶段，主席分别在赞成首先讨论议题A和赞成首先讨论议题B的国家中，各随机点出三名代表（即共六名）进行发言，阐述选择先讨论该议题的原因、动机。发言时间90秒。六名代表发言完毕，进行投票（不得弃权）。

3、观点阐述

根据投票结果确定议题后，由各国代表阐述本国观点。主席会请需要发言的国家举手（此时所有的国家都举牌）并由主席随机读出国家名。代表们发言的顺序即秘书点名的顺序。代表们听到自己国家被点后，便放下国家牌，发言时间为120秒。代表可在黑板上看到发言名单。如果需要追加发言机会，代表可以向主席台传意向条。此时要先传给秘书，由秘书递到主席台。追加的发言国家在发言名单的最后。主席不可阻止，但其他代表可在一轮发言完毕后阻止追加发言国发言（追加发言国只限一次，且时间为60秒）。到所有国家发言完毕，并且无任何代表追加发言，会议进入 下一阶段。

4、让渡时间

此阶段是各国阐述各自理由的时间，每个发言的代表120秒。也是可以游说他国的时间。当阐述完毕后，A国可以向B国传递意向条，游说其和自己的方案达成共识，然后AB国共同游说他国，但此时AB国无论是否达成一致，都不可让第三国知道。自由游说时间为5分钟。时间到，由想发言的代表进行发言。时间为120秒。如A国阐述完毕后，还有剩余时间，可以让渡给B国，此时B国附和A国说他们的观点。但B国不可让渡给第三个国家。如A国不让渡时间，则代表放弃剩余时间。如果全部发言完毕，主席会请需要提问的代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行提问。提问问题需要根据发言者的内容的意思来问。发言代表可在120秒内回答任何被提出的问题，也可弃权。提问结束，主席可以请需要评论的国家代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行评论，如果发言代表支持自己的盟国，则有利于意见达成一致。反之则不支持。此时盟国与反对国已出现。

5、投票结束辩论

之后进行的阶段，投票结束辩论。生效后，由国家自主发言。认为自己立场坚定、决议草案相当完善的时候可以示意主席发言。主席会请出两名代表陈述自己的观点，各代表发言时间120秒。陈述者可让各国赞成其观议案，然后再由两名代表陈述反对此议案的理由，然后进行全体表决。

6、提交草案

代表们根据辩论进展，由观点一致的国家提交会议文件和决议草案。主席将文件汇总并公布决议草案后，依次点名，点到的国家举牌并回答赞 成或反对。如赞成为多数，则决定议案。

大会结束前，每个国家提交一份立场文件，对本国的基本观点做出简明扼要的阐述。开头写明代表国、班级、姓名。内容有本议题在当前国际社会上的现状，介绍本国对议题态度和采取的行动，需要真实可行。（约五分钟）

闭幕：由主席宣布本次大会圆满结束，代表国进行友好握手，然后依次退场。

奖项设置：比赛结束，可由主席与秘书商定优秀者，从而获得奖项。奖项可设定为“最佳口才奖”（两名）“最佳团队奖”（三名）“优秀个人奖”（三人）

注意事项：主席应灵活应变，不得冷场。如遇冷场需灵活掌控大局。秘书需协调好主席，控制时间。整个大会保持在1至2个小时内。

第四篇：模拟联合国大会 草案

东北师范大学第五届模拟联合国大会决议草案（中文

决议草案

委员会：社会，人道主义和文化委员会 议题：武装冲突下的国际难民问题

起草国：中国，美国，法国，乌干达，南非，沙特阿拉伯，巴西

附议国：日本，韩国，埃塞俄比亚，刚果金，德国，英国，加拿大，澳大利亚，印度，塞尔维亚，土耳其，阿富汗，以色列，挪威，格鲁吉亚 草案编号：1.1

回顾其以往签订的条约及各项相关决议，包括《联合国难民认定议定书》、《联合国难民认定公约》、《日内瓦公约》以及第1265(1999)号决议、第1612（2005）号决议、第1674（2006）号决议，深信解决武装冲突下的国际难民问题对于维护世界和平，促进人类文明的进步有重大意义，确认此问题的有效解决将对世界各国的发展以及相互之间的合作与交流起到积极的作用，强调在联合国的框架下解决此问题，并赞赏联合国有关机构在之前为解决此问题所作出的贡献，欣见各国在解决该问题上所作出的努力，认定应在遵守《联合国宪章》及《世界人权宣言》相关条款下，各国应团结合作致力于武装冲突下的国际难民问题的解决：

1建议在解决武装冲突下的国际难民问题中各国应做到标本兼治，既要治标，积极保护和救助现有难民；更要治本，消除战乱，发展经济,具体开展下列工作： a.各国共同呼吁更多的宗教关怀与民族和解，避免由宗教争执与民族矛盾引起的武装冲突，并通过和平谈判解决争端。若和平谈判难以实现，则在不干涉内政的前提下，坚持以联合国为中心，维和部队帮助各冲突发生国的政府解决**； b.成立政策性开发银行，专门负责筹集资金对难民地区进行人道主义援助，各国应以政府的形式参与其中：

i呼吁各国对于非洲的难民问题予以资金支持，同时对于难民国如何更好的建立基础设施和医疗保障体系提供技术上的支持；

ii要求各国给予中东国家大力支持(包括资金，基础建设，难民点安置方案，及医疗卫生，安全)，着重点是难民安置国与难民国；

2、呼吁各国尊重难民的人权，已获得其合法权利的保护，a.强调各国应以立法的形式保障难民正当权利；

b.重申《世界人权宣言》和《公民权利和政治权利国际盟约》有效性；

3、支持联合国难民署的工作，并应充分发挥联合国难民署在解决难民问题上的建设性作用。呼吁还没加入《难民公约》和《议定书》的国家积极加入；

4、尊重非政府组织在解决难民问题上的积极贡献，鼓励国际社会对非政府组织的支持，加强各方对话以促进该问题的更好解决；

5、坚持“不推回原则”，即确认难民有权不被强行送回或驱逐到生命、自由受到威胁的地方；

6、鉴于一些国家的对难民准入的限制政策，通过相关国际机构的协商使各国在难民入境和临时庇护方面予以积极配合，使难民安全转入第三国安置或等到来源国危机消除后同意其自愿返遣的原则；

7、鉴于全球难民中的绝大多数都被发展中国家收容，这些国家最大限度的履行人道主义的国际义务，故强烈呼吁国际社会必须建立真正有效的机制分担相关责任和义务，并且各国应具有同等的话语权，a.在联合国各委员会下建立稳定有效地关于解决难民问题的专门机构； b.联合国安全理事会派出观察员常驻世界难民产生地区；

8、针对突发性大规模难民潮，应建立地区性和国际性的预警应对机制，鼓励各国对话协商，完善监督制度把危害降到最低；

9、敦促各国对于本国境内的长期难民在尊重难民自身意愿的情况下，使难民在就业、教育、医疗卫生等方面享有同等的权利并受到本国法律的保护；

10、严重关切地注意到国际难民救助资金募集艰难的问题，要求各国依据本国在这一问题上应承担的责任大小以及在世界上的经济实力决定其在联合国难民署的指导性作用下资金援助的多少；

11、关注人权，推动人权事业向前迈进，保障难民中妇女与儿童的特殊权益，国际社会为适龄儿童接受教育做出应有贡献。

Draft Resolution

Committee: Disarmament and International Security Committee T o p I c: Denuclearization of Korean peninsular Sponors: America, England, Iseal , Ukraine, South Africa , Russia, Brazil ,Korea, Germany Signatories: JAPAN , INDIA, BRAZIL, AUSTRALIA, Libya ,CUBA,PAKISTAN

Recalling its previous relevant resolutions, including resolution 825(1993), resolution 1540(2004), resolution 1695(2006), and, in particular, resolution 1718(2006),1874(2009), as well as the statements of its President of 6 October 2006(S/PRST/2006/41)and 13 April 2009(S/PRST/2009/7), Reaffirming that proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, as well as their means of delivery, constitutes a threat to international peace and security, Expressing the gravest concern at the nuclear test conducted by the Democratic People Republic of Koreaon 25 May 2009(local time)in violati of resolution 1718(2006), and at the challenge such a test constitutes to international efforts aimed at strengthening the global regime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons towards the 2010 NPT Review Conference, and the danger it poses to peace and stability in the region and beyond, Stressing its collective support for the NPT and commitment to strengthen the Treaty in all its aspects, and global efforts towards nuclear non-proliferation and recalling that the DPRK cannot have the status of a nuclear disarmament, and nuclear-weapon state in accordance with the NPT in any case, Deploring the DPRK announcement of withdrawal from the NPT and its pursuit of nuclear weapons, Underlining once again the importance that the DPRK respond to other security and humanitarian concerns of the international community, Underlining also that measures imposed by this resolution are not intended to have adverse humanitarian consequences for the civilian population of the DPRK, Expressing its gravest concern that the nuclear test and missile activities carried out by the DPRK have further generated increased tension in the region and determining that there continues to exist a clear threat to international beyond, and peace and security, Reaffirming the importance that all Member States uphold the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, Ⅰ.National organization，1．Demands that United Nations(1)Playing a pivotal role preventing the nuclear proliferation,(2)Acting on the historic resolutions the UN passed like Resolution 1874, resolution 1718(2006)(3)Giving international pressure on the countries that break the rules and developing nuclear weapons or test nuclear weapons illegally, 2.Calls for the Security council(2)Strengthening the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty,(3)Responding and determining as necessary as its role when violations of nuclear peace threaten international security, 3.Requires that the International Atomic Energy Agency(the IAEA)(1)Strengthening the international nuclear inspections,(2)Preventing the illicit trafficking and smuggling of nuclear materials and weapons,(3)Strengthening the institutions to help prevent nuclear materials from falling into the hand of terrorists,(4)E xpanding the resources and authorities it needs to meet its responsibilities 4.To be fair，build a supervision to regulate the two nation’s relationships, to the reduce of nuclear weapons ,stop the future military test without qualification and take the denuclearization of the D.P.R.K.Ⅱ.Demands to Nations who have nuclear weapons（nuclear powers）1.Reducing nuclear weapons 2.Protecting the nuclear weapons and securing the nuclear materials to prevent them from ever falling into the hand of terrorists(1)Taking specific and concrete actions to secure the nuclear materials,(2)Preventing illicit trafficking and smuggling of nuclear materials and weapons,(3)deepening the cooperation and partnerships to prevent the nuclear materials from ever falling into the hand of terrorists，Ⅲ.Ask for that All the nations in the world

1.Trying to stop the spread of the nuclear weapons, 2.Preventing the black market trade in nuclear weapons and nuclear materials, 3.Building a framework for civil cooperation, including an including an international fuel bank, so that countries an access peaceful energy without the risk of the proliferation, 4.Standing together for the right of people to live in a world without fear of nuclear weapons, 5.Centering on the global non-proliferation, 6.Stopping the spread of nuclear weapons together and securing the world, 7.Countries with nuclear weapons move to disarmament, country without nuclear weapons will not acquire it, and all countries can access peaceful nuclear energy 8.seeking engagement with North Korea and believing in dialogue, 9.Fighting against the nuclear terrorism and standing together to secure our global security –our collective security 10.Deepening our cooperation and strengthening the institutions and partnerships that help protect the world, 11.Solving the problem in consensus, not in isolation , 12．Condemns in the strongest terms the nuclear test conducted by the DPRK(local time)in violation and flagrant disregard of its relevant resolutions, in particular resolutions 1695(2006)and 1718(2006), and the statement of its President of 13 April 2009(S/PRST/2009/7);13.Demands that the DPRK not conduct any further nuclear test or any launch using ballistic missile technology;14.Demands that the DPRK immediately comply fully with its obligations under relevant Security Council resolutions, in particular resolution 1718(2006)15.Demands that the DPRK immediately retract its announcement of withdrawal from the NPT 16.Calls upon all Member States to implement their obligations pursuant to resolution 1718(2006), including with respect to designations made by the Committee established pursuant to resolution 1718(2006)pursuant to the statement of its President of 13 April 2009(S/PRST/2009/7)17.the North Korea transferres its nuclear military facility to a reliable international organization , such as IAEA or the UN Security Council;The transmitted organization should: expands the duties of the custodian to accept the North Korean nuclear facilities;subject to the supervision of the IAEA and other international community, including the supervision of the developing countries to ensure the safe handling of nuclear materials;ensure to make the process fair, open and transparent;the international community promise to give some assistance to the North Korea when it makes substantive actions;18.Facing and confronting the challenge together 19.Making real progress on the security of our people ,of the world, 20.Confronting it not by splitting apart but by standing together as free nations ,as free people , 21.Bridging our pisions, building our hopes, accepting our responsibilities to leave the world more prosperous and more peaceful than we found it.22.Making sure that the UK as the main representative of EU in the process of the denuclearization of North Peninsula which is responsible for providing the humanitarian aid for North Korea 23.Empowering the UK as the supervisor of the committee which is supposed to be set up in the Security Council to ensure the elimination of the mass destructive weapons is done in a general and peaceful way.24.The UK as the main representative of EU in the process of the denuclearization of North Peninsula would like to provide the humanitarian aid for North Korea, together with Germany.25.The EU plays an important role in solving the problem.The UK as the supervisor of the committee is willing to ensure the elimination of the mass destructive weapons would be done in a general and peaceful way.26.put all international aid into the world bank, the DPRK will get aid from it if DPRK do something to dropping off its nuclear weapons under the IAEA 27.cooperate between developing and developed countries , U.S will provide its neighboring countries with more financial aids, and the united stateswill take effect in some former and feasible treaties toward the South America, in order to build the trust between developed countries and developing countries.大会决议 [未经发交主要委员会而通过(A/55/L.60 和Add.1)]

55/171.关闭切尔诺贝利核电站

大会

重申其1990 年12 月21 日第45/190号1991 年12月18 日第46/150 号 1992年12月18 日第47/165 号1993 年12月21日第48/206号1995年12月 20 日第50/134号1997年12月16日第52/172号和1999 年12月8 日第54/97 号决议

意识到切尔诺贝利核电站灾难后果的长期性就规模而言这是一起重大的 技术灾难在受影响国家造成了各种人道主义环境社会经济和健康后果

赞赏联合国系统各组织和会员国在减轻和尽量减少切尔诺贝利灾难的后果 方面所作的努力特别是七国集团和欧洲联盟成员及其他国家对按照七国集团成 员国政府欧洲共同体委员会和乌克兰政府之间的谅解备忘录给予旨在确保遮 盖切尔诺贝利被毁反应堆的石棺的环境安全的掩体实施计划所作的贡献

关切地注意到关闭切尔诺贝利核电站对乌克兰所产生的严重经济和社会问 题

1.欢迎乌克兰决定于2000 年12 月15 日关闭切尔诺贝利核电站

2.吁请国际社会继续援助乌克兰政府应付关闭切尔诺贝利核电站所新产 生的各种经济和社会问题

3.邀请所有国家和有关国际组织和非政府组织继续向最受影响的国家白 俄罗斯俄罗斯联邦和乌克提供支助减轻和尽量减少切尔诺贝利灾难的后果

2000 年12 月14 日

第85 次全体会议

第五篇：南华大学第一届模拟联合国大会

南华大学第一届模拟联合国大会

策划书

▲ 活动起源

模拟联合国是在欧美青年人当中相当流行的一种活动，几乎所有的名牌大学都有专门的模拟联合国社团，每年都有很大型的模拟联合国大会，比如哈佛世界大学生模拟联合国大会、北京大学国际模拟联合国大会等等。美国是模拟联合国活动的发源地，早在20世纪50年代模联活动就已风靡全美知名大学，同时美国也是当今全球举办模联会议最多的国家，哈佛大学全美模联会议等享有极高的知名度。

中国大学生模联活动起源于2001年，目前在北京、上海等大城市均有国内及国际级别知名模拟联合国会议。模拟联合国是模拟联合国及其相关的国际机构，依据其运作方式和议事原则，围绕国际上的热点问题召开会议会，青年学生扮演各个国家的外交官，以联合国会议的形式，通过阐述观点、政策辩论、投票表决、做出决议等亲身经历，熟悉联合国的运作方式，了解人类所面临的共同问题，促使同学们关心时事，思考自身可以发挥的作用。模拟联合国活动已经经过了60多年的发展，风靡世界，形式多样，规模不一。▲ 活动目的模拟联合国协会，它不仅仅会对联合国机构进行模拟，还会对其它全球或地区多边组织、政府内阁、国际论坛等组织或会议进行模拟。比如

1.联合国粮食及农业组织Food and Agricultural OrganizationFAO

2.世界银行 World BankWB

3.世界儿童基金会 United Nations International Children’s Emergency FundUNICEF 4世界卫生组织 World Health OrganizationWHO

我们的模拟联合国协会将以推广联合国知识、推动模拟联合国活动、营造良好文化氛围为宗旨，给同学搭建一个提高写作、辩论、谈判协商等各方面水平的舞台，进而培养学生的国际化视野。

模拟联合国活动中将主要涉及和平与安全、恐怖主义、人权、环境、贫穷与发展、全球化、公共卫生等话题，所涉及的学科有历史、地理、数学、文化、经济、军事等。它将使我们在研究写作、演讲、时间管理、危机处理、团队合作、沟通与妥协等方面得到锻炼。并培养同学们自觉关心当下的世界形势，认清世界本质，从而成为一个合格的当代大学生。▲ 活动安排

1.每班派出两个代表及一个助理参加大会（杨新宇，王学伟登记，确定人数）

2.对参加的代表及助理进行相关培训，包括大会流程，发言格式，会议文件，工作文件，修正案的书写（赵一睿，王炳乾，丁思琪，邓鸿明，吉相亲）

3.进行国家调研包括：该议题与该国的相关程度，该国针对该议题所曾采取的国内行动，该国针对该议题所参与的国际合作以及签署的国际协议，该国在该议题中的国家利益以及国家战略，该国在该议题领域中与其他国家及国际组织的关系

4.各国应对自己所代表的国家概况及站在对立国家的概况有所了解大致包括：地理、历史、民族、政治体制、宗教信仰、经济状况等较为表层的知识，也包括这个国家的国家利益、国家实力、国家战略、外交政策等较为深层的内容。对国家概况的了解不要求对每一个

方面都有细致入微的研究，而应该掌握各方面的基本信息与概况，尽量做到全面。

5.各班代表分别凭意向选择各班所代表的国家，并搜集各国资料，准备发言稿及相应讨论

资料，组委会确定议题（邓鸿明，组织各国代表查找资料，部长熊望，副部长罗丹刘涛，吕海鹏杨新宇确定议题）

6.联合国模拟大会开始，老师致词，主席团代表发言，大会正式开始

7.现场维持秩序（组织部，纪律部成员）

▲ 大会具体流程

点名（Roll Call）

点名的作用：确定到场国家总数，由此计算简单多数（1/2多数）和三分之二多数。这些数据决定了表决通过的标准。

 点名的方式：主席助理按照国家名单上的顺序点名，点到的国家高举国家

牌并答“到(Present)”。主席助理重复“某某国代表出席”，并在电脑屏幕上标示出席情况，最终计数。

2.设定议题（Setting the Agenda）

设定议题的条件：一个委员会同时有两个或两个以上的议题待讨论。 设定议题的目的：确定多数国家感兴趣的议题为优先讨论的议题。

3.正式辩论（Formal Debate）



















 辩论的概念：不同于平时的辩论比赛，模联中的发言、磋商、游说等均被视为辩论。正式辩论：按照发言名单顺序进行的辩论叫正式辩论。发言名单(Speakers’ List)发言名单的产生：确定议题后，正式辩论开始。主席会请需要发言的代表举国家牌，并随机点出国家名，当代表听到自己国家被点到后，放下国家牌。主席助理同步记录，代表便可在大屏幕上看到发言名单。发言名单的作用：供各国代表根据自己既定的发言主题发表讲话。发言名单的缺点：各讲各的，主题分散，不利于促进共识的形成。追加发言机会（国家名未在发言名单上或已经完成发言），可向主席台传意向条（Page）要求在发言名单上添加其代表国家，主席会将该国家名加在发言名单最后。如代表已在发言名单上并还未发言，则不能追加发言机会。发言时间：每位代表有120秒的初始发言时间（Speaking Time），可通过动议（Motion to Set Speaking Time）更改。让渡：代表在发言时间内结束发言，可将剩余时间让渡让渡给他国代表（Yield Time to Another Delegate）：让渡国A代表

和被让渡国B代表协商一致后（传意向条，会前游说等），B代表在A代表剩余的时间内进行发言。如B代表发言结束还有时间剩余，不能再次让渡，主席将继续主持会议。

让渡给问题（Yield Time to Questions）：代表将剩余时间让渡给问题，主席会请需要提问的代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行提问，发言代表可在剩余时间内回答任何被提出的问题，提问时间不占用剩余时间，提问内容必须根据发言者的意思来问。这种方式可以体现发言代表的思辨、反应和口语表达能力。

 让渡给评论（Yield Time to Comments）：代表将剩余时间让渡给评论，主席会请需要评论的代表举牌，并随机点出代表进行评论，让渡者没有权利再一次进行观点的陈述或对评论进行反驳。这种让渡方式有一定风险，因为即使已经与盟国进行沟通，也不能保证主席所点出的进行评论的代表观点与发言代表完全一致。

 让渡给主席（Yield Time to the Chair）：代表将剩余时间让渡给主席，意味着自动放弃剩余时间，主席将继续主持会议。

4.非正式辩论（Informal Debate）









 非正式辩论：在正式辩论的发言名单外进行的辩论。非正式辩论的类型有主持核心磋商（Moderated Caucus）：将大会引入一个专题讨论上来。大会暂时脱离正式辩论发言名单而重新确定一轮发言国。讨论主题、总时间、每位代表发言时间由动议进行磋商的代表提出，全体代表投票决定是否进行该磋商。自由磋商(Unmoderated Caucus)：代表可在规定的时间内自由离席交流。代表可以更为密切地和盟友们交换意见，讨论各自认为重要的任何方面的问题。非正式辩论的优点

弥补正式辩论中讨论不集中，交流不密切的缺点。正式辩论是在大的议题背景下发言，没有主题限制，因此代表们各抒己见，观点分散。非正式辩论中的有主持核心磋商把对议题的讨论细化，限制主题后观点集中交锋，促进了共识的形成；自由磋商允许代表离席，给予代表更大的空间，用更便捷的方式来提高交流的效率。

5.问题和动议（Points and Motions）

问题（Points）：如果代表有关于会议的问题，可以向主席提出问题。问题不需投票，由主席直接处理。

 组织性问题（Point of Order）：当代表认为主席在主持会议过程中产生某种错误时，可提出组织性问题，以纠正主席错误。可以打断进程提出。Example: Point of Order!Delegate of Germany would like to remind chair that the peaking time for each speaker now is 1 minute instead of 2 minutes. 咨询性问题（Point of Inquiry）：当代表对于会议程序有不明白的地方时，可以举牌向主席咨询。Example: Point of Inquiry!China would like to ensure whether the next procedure is voting.









 个人特权问题（Point of Personal Privilege）：当代表觉得在会场上个人有任何不适时，可以提出各人特权问题，以求得主席团的帮助和解决。Example: Point of Personal Privilege!Delegate of Algeria cannot see the screen clearly.Would you mind turning the characters bigger?动议（Motions）：代表出于商定会议议程、修改发言时间、进行非正式辩论的目的而提出的需要投票表决的建议。动议更改发言时间（仅在正式辩论中）：如果代表认为发言时间过长或过短，可动议更改发言时间。Example: France motions to shorten the speaking time from 2 minutes to 1 minute.动议进行有主持核心磋商：此动议意味着代表试图使正式辩论阶段过渡到非正式辩论阶段。Example：China motions for a moderated caucus.The total time is 5 minutes, and each delegate has 1 minute.动议进行自由磋商：此动议意味着代表试图使正式辩论阶段过渡到非正式

辩论阶段。Example: India motions for a 15-minute un-moderated caucus.6.投票（Voting）









 对象：程序；会议文件对程序的表决：所有代表都需要投票，不可以弃权（Abstain），只能投赞成（Yes）或反对（No）对会议文件的表决：包括决议草案、非友好修正案简单多数：即出席代表总数的二分之一多数。（50%+1）绝对多数：对会议文件投票时，“赞成数/赞成数+反对数”大于三分之二

被视为绝对多数，弃权票不计，此时草案或修正案条款获得通过。

7.意向条（Page）

代表有任何问题，或者需要进行游说、沟通，都可以通过传意向条的方式向其他代表或主席表达。会场有志愿者（Volunteers）负责传递。代表需要注意的是，意向条的书写需要符合本委员会的工作语言要求。

活动解释说明

不得谈论任何超越政治底线话题

大会可进行英文场和中文场，就主席团所确立的议题进行相关讨论！

参与模拟联合国大会的一般为20-24个国家，会议结束以是否超过三分之二国家通过决案为标准。

主席团人员待定

与会各国代表必须着正装（西装，皮鞋，领带）言行举止代表均代表自己本国形象▲ 活动预算

矿泉水：2*30*2=120

资料费：10*25=250

宣传费（横幅，展板）：

▲活动负责人

电气工程学院组织部熊望，罗丹，赵一睿，杨新宇，邓鸿明，吕海鹏，丁思琪，刘涛，王学伟，吉相亲，王炳乾

附：相关资料网址

中国大学模拟联合国大会协会

东北师范大学第二届模拟联合国大会现场实录

北京大学模拟联合国大会介绍

活动盛况

由于活动较大，建议和其他学院联合举办。

湖南省南华大学电气工程学院组织部赵一睿

2012.2.14 模拟联合国规则流程简图