第一篇：新视野大学英语第三版3视听说教程短对话材料

Conversation 1

W: Hello, Mr.Williams.This is John Barrett's secretary.I'm calling to cancel his appointment with you at 10 today as he is not feeling well.你好，威廉姆斯先生。这是John Barrett的秘书。我打电话是想取消他今天10点的约会，因为他身体不好.。

M: Thanks for calling.It's quite all right.We'll arrange some other time to meet.谢谢你的电话。这是完全正确的。我们会安排其他时间见面。Q: What is the man going to do?آ

Conversation 2

M: I need to use more than just my math skills for these questions but I don't have a calculator.Shall I go and buy one? M:对于这些问题我需要用的不仅仅是我的数学技能，但我没有计算器.。我去买一个吗？ W: Actually, I've got two.And I'll let you have one for the price of a coffee.女：事实上，我有两个。我会给你一杯咖啡的价格。

Q: What do we learn about the woman from this conversation?آ

Conversation 3

M: Professor Smith, I'd like to have your advice as to my career development in the future.男：史米斯教授，我想知道你对我未来职业发展的建议.。

W: It's my pleasure.I think you are good at abstract thinking.I am sure you'll make it if you pursue your graduate work in theoretical physics.这是我的荣幸。我认为你擅长抽象思维。我相信，如果你继续你的研究生在理论物理学，你会成功的.。

Q: What does the woman advise the man to do?آ

Conversation 4

W: I can't believe Ken missed such an important lecture even though I reminded him the day before yesterday.我真不敢相信肯竟然错过了这么重要的演讲，尽管我前天就提醒过他.。

M: You should know him better by now.He's known for taking everything in one ear and straight out the other.男：现在你应该了解他了。他是众所周知的采取一切在一个耳朵和直出其他。Q: What does the man imply?آ

Conversation 5

W: I hear you're working as a market surveyor this summer.It's got to be awfully difficult going to so many places in such hot summer days.听说今年夏天你在做市场测量师.。在这么炎热的夏天里去这么多地方真是太难了.。

M: Well, it is challenging, but I get to meet lots of new people and the pay is decent enough.男：这很有挑战性，但是我结识了很多新人，薪水也很不错.。Q: What does the man think of his job?آ

第二单元

Conversation 1

W:What's up? You look so upset and tired.怎么了？你看起来很沮丧和疲倦。

M: To be frank, I am getting a little tired of my sister's vanishing without any explanation, especially when there is a lot of work to do around the house.男：老实说，我对我妹妹的消失没有任何解释，尤其是在家里有很多事情要做的时候，我有点累了。

Q: How does the man feel about his sister?

Conversation 2 W: What's wrong with Professor Smith? I can't imagine that he lost his temper this morning.When I first met him, he looked so gentle and kind.史米斯教授怎么了？我无法想象他今天早上发脾气了.。当我第一次见到他时，他显得那么温柔和蔼。

M: Oh, don't make a fuss about it.If you know him, then you'll also know it'll pass very soon.男：哦，不要大惊小怪的。如果你认识他，那么你也会知道这会很快过去。Q: What does the man say about Professor Smith?

Conversation 3 W: You mean Horace is still angry about that joke you made about his name? 你是说贺拉斯还在为你的名字开玩笑吗？

M: Yes.But I couldn't help it.It just occurred to me at that moment.I didn't mean to offend him at all!

对.但我忍不住了。它只是发生在我的那一刻。我根本不想冒犯他！Q: What do we know about the man?

Conversation 4

W: By the way, did you hear that Jack failed his mid-term exam? It's too bad because it will disqualify him for next year's scholarship, and his parents will be really disappointed with him.女：顺便问一下，你听说杰克期中考试不及格了吗？这是因为它会剥夺他下一年的奖学金，他的父母会真的对他很失望。

M: He deserved it.He's never really studied since last semester.他应得的。他从上学期就没有真正学习过。

Q: How does the man feel about Jack's failing the exam?

问：男人对杰克考试不及格的感觉如何？

Conversation 5

W: I have been thinking about the interview all week.I'm so desperate for this job, I can't afford any mistakes.我整个星期都在考虑面试的事。我非常渴望这份工作，我不能承担任何错误。

M: Take it easy.You've made enough preparations.What you really need is a little bit of confidence.I'm sure you'll get the job.男：很容易。你已经做了足够的准备。你真正需要的是一点点自信。我相信你会得到这份工作的。

Q: What do we learn about the woman?

3单元

Conversation 1

M: It's considerate of the community to offer us old people so many chances.As you can see from my curriculum schedule, I have one music theory class and one piano lesson in the afternoon.男：考虑到社区给我们这么多人机会，真是考虑周到.。从我的课程安排可以看出，我有一堂音乐理论课，下午上了一堂钢琴课.。

W: I still have no idea which class I should choose.I think I may take music theory class with you.女：我还是不知道我该选哪个班。我想我可以和你一起上音乐理论课。Q: What are the speakers doing?

Conversation 2

W: Let's talk about the preparations for the coming Christmas party.让我们谈谈即将到来的圣诞晚会的准备工作.。

M: I think we really need a good plan and to arrange everything well in advance this time.Do you remember what a mess it was last year? M:我认为我们真的需要一个好的计划，并且提前做好一切安排。你还记得去年有多乱吗？ Q: What do we know about the Christmas party last year?

问：我们对去年的圣诞晚会了解多少？ Conversation 3

W: John, could you look after the children for me while I go to the doctor? The only appointment I could get is at 11:00.约翰，我去看医生的时候，你能帮我照看一下孩子吗？唯一我能得到的是约11:00。

M: All right.But I have to leave at 1 p.m.I'm going to a party in the afternoon.男：好吗。但是我必须在下午1点离开，下午我要去参加一个聚会.。

Q: What is the man supposed to do now according to the conversation?

问：根据对话，这个男人应该做什么？

Conversation 4

M: It's said that you have a new handsome neighbor from Australia.How are you getting along with him, Mary? 据说你有一个来自澳大利亚的英俊邻居。你和他相处的怎么样，玛丽？

W: Oh, quite well.He is a person who always speaks his mind, and I guess he gets along well with the entire neighborhood.哦，很好。他是个经常说话的人，我想他和周围的人相处得很好。Q: What does the woman think of her new neighbor?

问：这个女人认为她的新邻居怎么样？

Conversation 5

W: I've heard that Mr.Smith is moving to a new apartment house at the end of this month.我听说史米斯先生将在本月底搬到一所新公寓楼.。

M: That's wonderful.He's been looking forward to moving to a new house for a long time.Let's give him a hand this weekend.男：那太好了。他一直盼望着很长一段时间搬到一所新房子.。这个周末让我们给他一只手。Q: What is the man going to do this weekend?

问：这个周末男人要做什么？

4单元

Conversation 1

M: Ted said he'd made up his mind to quit school and set up his own computer company.男：特德说他下定决心要退学，成立自己的电脑公司.。

W: He's told many people about his plan but I wonder where he could get so much money.Besides, he never showed any real curiosity in our computer class.He is a complete layman as far as the computer is concerned.他告诉很多人关于他的计划，但我不知道他能得到这么多钱。此外，他从来没有表现出任何真正的好奇心在我们的计算机类。就计算机而言，他是个完全外行的人.关注的是。

Q: What does the woman mean?آ

问：女人是什么意思？

Conversation 2

W: It is reported that researchers have developed tiny engines which are able to break down the pollutants in wastewater to create clean water.I think that'll be great news to people in areas lacking water.据报道，研究人员研制出能分解废水中的污染物以制造洁净水的微型发动机.。我想这对那些缺乏地域的人来说是个好消息水。

M: Well, I am thinking that whether people in those areas can afford the engines.M:我在想，那些地区的人是否能买得起发动机。Q: What is the man worried about?آ

问：那个男人在担心什么？آ

Conversation 3

W: Driving all the way to work and back every day really makes me exhausted.If only the cars could drive automatically.每天开车去上班和回来真的让我筋疲力尽。要是汽车能自动驾驶就好了。

M: Well, haven't you heard that some engineers are working on intelligent cars? I suppose that you will soon be able to purchase one as long as you can afford it.男：嗯，你没听说有些工程师正在开发智能车吗？我想只要你买得起，你很快就能买的.。Q: What can we infer from the conversation?آ

问：从对话中我们能推断出什么？آ

Conversation 4

M: A Dutch airline rolled out a new program recently.It enables travelers to choose their seat partners based on the online profiles of those sharing the flight.Passengers can make a match by offering their Facebook data, depending on whether they're looking for a potential personal or business relationship.最近，一家荷兰航空公司推出了一个新项目.。它使旅客可以选择他们的座位合作伙伴的基础上共享航班的在线概况。乘客可以通过要进行比赛他们的脸谱网数据，取决于他们是否正在寻找一个潜在的个人或业务关系。

W: Aha, that's really a fantastic idea.I'd like to have a try as early as possible.啊哈，真是个好主意。我想尽早尝试一下.。

Q: What are they talking about?آ 问：他们在说什么？آ

Conversation 5

M: I am thinking of starting my own business.But I haven't got any idea of what to do.It seems that many young people are pouring into the online business.男：我想开始自己的事业。但我还不知道该怎么办。看来许多年轻人正在涌入网上业务.。W: If I were you, I'd like to offer the online video editing service.Many people shoot videos but don't know how to edit.Maybe this is the online business opportunity for you!如果我是你，我想提供在线视频编辑服务.。许多人拍摄视频，但不知道如何编辑。也许这是你的网上商机！

Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? آ 问：女人建议男人做什么？آ

5单元

Conversation 1

W: I just want to burst into my boss' office and tell him that I quit.He promised to give me a promotion, but he went against his word.我只是想冲进老板的办公室，告诉他我辞职了.。他答应给我升职，但他食言了.。

M: Well, if I were you, I'd bite my tongue and wait until I get a better job.男：好吧，如果我是你，我会咬舌头等我找到一份更好的工作.。Q: What is the man's advice for the woman?

问：男人对女人的建议是什么？

Conversation 2

M: Now suppose I was to stay at home and do all the housework and look after the children while my wife went out to work.What would you think about that? 男：现在假设我是呆在家里做所有的家务和照顾孩子，而我的妻子出去工作。你会怎么想？ W: Well, you know...I'd rather do it the other way round.嗯，你知道„我宁愿这样做的另一轮轮。Q: What does the woman imply?

问：女人是什么意思？

Conversation 3

M: I am really sorry for this, but I hope that you can understand my reason for deciding to leave, Mrs.Smith.男：我真的很抱歉，但是我希望你能理解我决定离开的原因，史米斯太太.。W: Well, do I have to remind you that we have invested a lot of time and money in your career here?

女：好吧，我必须提醒你，我们在你的职业生涯中投入了大量的时间和金钱吗？ Q: What does Mrs.Smith imply?

问：史米斯夫人是什么意思？

Conversation 4

W: It looks that you are a bit tired.I've noticed that you've been sitting in front of the computer for an hour.Why don't you stop and have a coffee break?

女：看起来你有点累了。我注意到你已经在电脑前坐了一个小时了。你为什么不停下来喝杯咖啡休息一下呢？

M: I've got to finish this report and I can't leave it until the deadline.我必须完成这份报告，我不能把它留到最后期限.。Q: What does the man mean?

问：那个男人是什么意思？

Conversation 5

M: When Jane told me that she was going to quit her job, I just thought she was kidding.You know, it's a good job and she is well paid.当简告诉我她要辞职时，我以为她是在开玩笑.。你知道，这是份好工作，薪水很高。W: I see your point, but she said she was tired of counting other people's money.我明白你的意思，但她说她已经厌倦了数别人的钱.。Q: 问：从对话中我们可以了解简的什么？What can we learn about Jane from the conversation?

6单元

Conversation 1

M: That's a big assignment we got for the English class this week, and for the European History course, we still have a presentation about artists in the Renaissance to prepare.男：这是一个大的任务，我们得到了英语课本周，和欧洲历史课程，我们仍然有一个介绍文艺复兴时期的艺术家准备。

W: Well, it's not as bad as it looks.The assignment isn't due until Friday morning.嗯，这并不像看起来的那样糟糕。任务直到星期五早上才到期。Q: What does the woman imply?آ 问：女人是什么意思？آ

Conversation 2

W: Are you coming with me to the history museum, Jack? The TV program I saw last night reminded me of some important historical figures I like.女：你和我一起去历史博物馆吗，杰克？我昨晚看的电视节目使我想起了一些我喜欢的重要历史人物.。

M: I saw that, too.Maybe next time, because I already have my hands full with this book report.我也看到了。也许下一次，因为我已经有我的手满了这本书的报告。Q: What is the man's reply to the woman's suggestion?آ

问：男人对女人的建议是怎么回答的？آ

Conversation 3

W:آ Today on Historyآ says that Ford Model T which was introduced in 1908 was regarded as the first affordable American automobile.女：آ历史上的今天آ说，福特T型车被介绍在1908被认为是第一个负担得起的美国汽车。M: Yeah.The country has become “a nation on wheels” since the last century.I was reading that there are about four million miles of roads and highways in this country now.It seems as if we were married with cars.男：是的。自上个世纪以来，这个国家已经成为“车轮上的国家”.。我读到现在这个国家大约有四百万英里的公路和公路.。好像我们是火星人里德汽车。Q: What does the man mean?آ

Conversation 4

W: We usually think of history as the story of important people and events, but some historians in the 20th century are also interested in the daily lives of ordinary people.我们通常把历史看作重要人物和事件的故事，但第二十世纪的一些历史学家也对普通人的日常生活很感兴趣.。

M: That's true.They can even learn a lot from studying old family pictures.For example, the number of children in a picture indicates the size of the family;the clothes they wore suggest the popular fashions of the ti男：这是真的。他们甚至可以学到很多东西，研究旧的家庭图片。例如，图片中的儿童数量表明，家庭规模的大小；他们穿的衣服建议人群时间的时尚。me.Q: What does the man think of historians?آ

问：这个人对历史学家有什么看法？آ

Conversation 5

W: Hi, Sam.Are you ready for the history test this Friday? I see you are still playing games.女：嗨，Sam.，你准备历史考试这星期五？我看你还在玩游戏。

M: Well, that's my way of dealing with stress.You know, I'm afraid of memorizing all those odd names and dates.I shouldn't have taken this course, to be frank.男：那是我处理压力的方法。你知道，我害怕记住那些奇怪的名字和日期。坦白说，我本不该学这门课。

Q: What does Sam imply?آ

问：山姆意味着什么？آ

第二篇：新视野大学英语视听说教程3第二版答案

都是截图的答案 Unit1 Basic listening bdacd Listening in Tesk1

Task 2

Task 3 Bcdad

Further listening and speaking Further listening Task1

Task 2

Task 3 Bacdd Viewing and speaking > Task 1

Unit1 test Abdbd

Cabda Caadcbacbc

-------------------------Unit2 Lead in Task1

Basic listening practice Bdaac Listening in > Task 1

Task2 Dabcd Task3 Ddabc Let's talk > Task 1

Further listening and speaking > Further listening > Task 1

Task2 dbacc task3

Viewing and speaking > Task 1

Unit2 test ccbcd

Bcdcb Bcdccaddbc

--------

Unit3 Lead in > Task 1

Basic listening Cadba Listening in Task1 Cacbd Tast2

Tast3 Dadac Let's talk > Task 1

Further listening and speaking > Further listening > Task 1 Cbacd Task2 Ababb Task3 : The Russian hurled the half-full bottle of vodka out of the open window.He answered, “Vodka is plentiful in my country.In fact, we have thousands and thousands of liters of it—far more than we need.” The businessman said, “I thought the Cuban economy was not good this year.Yet you threw that perfectly good cigar away.I find your actions quite puzzling.” He replied, “Cigars are a dime a dozen in Cuba.We have more of them than we know what to do with.” The American businessman sat in silence for a moment.Then he got up, grabbed the lawyer, and threw him out of the window.He did that probably because he thought there were too many lawyers in the United States.Further listening and speaking > Viewing and speaking > Task 1

Unit 3 test Bcbbd

Cabdd Dbaddcabba

---------------

Unit4 Lead in Task1

Basic listening practice Cabcd Listening in  Task 1 

 Task2  Baaba  Task3  Aaadc Let's talk > Task 1

 Further listening and speaking  > Further listening > 

Task 1

 Task2  Bcadc  Task3

Further listening and speaking > Viewing and speaking > Task 1

 Unit4 test  Dadcc

    Cabda Adbcadabcd Unit5 Lead in

        Basic listening practice Cabcc Listening in Task1 Dcdab Task2 Ababa Task3

 Let's talk >  Task 1

 Further listening and speaking >  Further listening > 

Task 1  Adcbc  Task2

 Tast3 1

Further listening and speaking > Viewing and speaking > Task 1

Unit5 test Cacdd

Dabcd Cabccabdac------ Unit6  Basic listening  Cdacb Listening in > Task 1  Abaabaa  Task2  Bccad  Task3  Caacb  Let's talk >  Task 1

 Task2

Further listening and speaking

Further listening > Task 1

Task2  Baaba  Task3  Ccbad Further listening and speaking  Viewing and speaking >  Task 1

 Unit6 test  Cbcdc

 Cbacd  Dabcbcaadc ----------------------- Unit7  Basic listening practice  Bcabc Listening in > Task 1

Task2  Cbbad  Task3

 Let's talk > 

Task 1

              Further listening and speaking > Further listening > Task 1 Dccac Task2 Babba Task3 Cbdca Further listening and speaking > Viewing and speaking > Task 1 268(不确定哈)Unit7 test Addcd

           Cbdac Bdbcabdcdd Unit8 Basic listening practice Ccbad Listening in > Task 1 Baccd Task2 Cdcbc Task3

 Let’s talk  Task1

    Further listening and speaking > Further listening > Task 1 Bacbc  Task2

Task3     Cdaba Further listening and speaking > Viewing and speaking > Task 1

 Unit8 test  Cbadd

       Abcbd Cbacbabcdc-------------------Unit9 Lead in Plane

bike

truck/lorry

ship

bus

motorcycle

subway/underground Basic listening  Cbcda  Listening in > Task 1

      Task2 Accdd Task3 Abdda Let's talk > Task 1

Further listening and speaking > Further listening > Task 1

Task2 Dcdab Task3

Further listening and speaking > Viewing and speaking > Task 1

Unit9 test 跳过了，看不到答案了。。。。。

---Unit10最后一单元了

呼呼 Lead in > Task 1 Aaabaabaaa Basic listening practice Cdabc Listening in Task1 Bcdca Task2 Abbab Task3

Let's talk > Task 1

Further listening and speaking > Further listening > Task 1 Abddc Task2

Task3

Viewing and speaking > Task 1

Unit10 test Bcbcd

Bcbad bcacdcbabd

第三篇：新视野大学英语视听说教程第四册文本翻译及答案

新视野大学英语视听说教程第四册 听力文本翻译和答案 Uint1 II。基本的听力练习1。脚本

我沉浸在自己的快乐。我如此幸运。你猜怎么着?我已经从彩票里赢得了一笔钱。” 女:是吗?哦,你不知道金钱是万恶之源,对吗? 问:那个女人说什么? 2。脚本

魏:玛丽非常愤怒。她的儿子弄坏了她的车。

男:他不该开了一辆没有驾驶执照的车。他还在参加驾驶课。问:我们知道玛丽的儿子什么吗? 3。脚本

男:苏珊,我听说你要跟那个家伙结婚。有些人认为你会后悔的。女:是这样的吗?只有时间会证明。问:女人是什么意思? 4。脚本

男:玛丽,我只是想说我是多么难过地得知你母亲的去世。我知道你们两个关系非常密切。女:谢谢。它是如此的突然。我还在惊吓的状态,我不知道该怎么做。问:下面哪一个是正确的? 5。脚本

女:我在工作中感到愤怒，因为当我的意见不被考虑就因为我是女人。

男:你说得对。你应该让你的意见更加具有着重点和被需求，那样就会被采纳。问:什么是女人在抱怨什么? 答案:1。C 2。B3 D。4A。5D 三。Listening in 任务一:。

玛丽:操!你对我洒了红酒。我的新连衣裙全毁了。约翰:我很对不起!我能帮什么忙?这里有水可以把它洗掉。玛丽:别把水洒在我身上。哦,这真尴尬!我看起来糟透了。约翰:你看起来有点不高兴。请不要发脾气。别失去你的冷静。

玛丽:嗯,你已经得到神经那样谈话!谁不突然的发火?这件连衣裙花一大笔钱。

约翰: 当你疯了的时候你看起来很可爱。我不骗你。有些人确实能吸引人,当他们处于一种愤怒。玛丽:这是非常昂贵的衣服。我存了好几个月的钱才买的,现在却被毁了。你看这污渍。约翰:事故发生了。给我你的衣服,我就把它送洗衣店吧。

玛丽:当然!你想让我把它在公众场合脱下来给你吗?我甚至还不认识你呢!约翰:这可能是一个很傻的时间去相互认识。我是约翰。欧文。

玛丽:嗯,至少你有礼貌。我想我真不该勃然大怒了起来。毕竟,那只是一个意外。我是玛丽哈维。约翰:走吧。我送你回家。你可以改变你的衣服,我把你的衣服弄干净。玛丽:现在你在说话。谢谢。你是一个真正的绅士。

约翰:你最好相信它。我很高兴看到你已经冷静了。我有点感觉想吃东西?我饿死了。玛丽:好吧。你做的非常好。我也不像往常一样疯狂。如果你能去掉这个污渍,我会很高兴。约翰:我会尽力的。但是如果我去不掉污迹,请不要让你的快了转为愤怒。1。下列哪个是最好的标题对话吗? 2。这个女的为什么生气? 3。男人说什么来取悦女人啊,当她好像很生气? 4。这个女的为什么说该男子是一名真正的绅士吗? 5。什么是男人的最后的建议吗? 答案 dacbc 任务2:“大约翰”来了!脚本

酒吧老板刚刚聘请老西部的一个胆小的侍者。这个老板给他的新员工建立一些指令在跑步的地方。他告诉那个胆小的人,“如果你听过那个大约翰来到我们身边,放下一切去逃跑!他曾经是最大的,恶劣的黑道份子!”

经过几周的适应情况良好。但是一天下午,一位当地牛郎带在城里来跑喊:“大约翰来了!你们逃命吧!” 当酒保离开酒吧开始奔跑,他被冲出来几个市民碰倒在地。当他正在爬起来,他看到了一只大男人,几乎七尺高。他肌肉发达,当他越来越接近酒吧。

他走上台阶到门口、命令这个可怜的酒保回到酒吧里面,要求道,“我想要一个啤酒了!”

他用他沉重的拳头猛捶吧台,吧台像要分裂开来。酒保紧张地双手给大男人啤酒的时候,手在颤抖。他把啤酒拿起来,把瓶子的盖子咬掉,把啤酒一饮而尽。

当害怕的酒保藏在吧台，大男人站起来准备走,“你要再来一杯啤酒吗?”酒保用发抖的声音问。“天啊,我没有着时间!“大男人喊道,“我必须离开这个城镇!难道你没听见大约翰要来了吗?” Task3:一个对幸福的看法 脚本

史密斯博士提出了一个合理的理由,或者有些简单化,对幸福的看法。按照他的理论,幸福可以被描述为一个国家的平等。当人类或某些动物达到平衡,他们保持在这种状态下去回忆为了重复这个幸福的感觉。为了说明问题,我们可以学习两块磁铁。当他们的正面和负面的相遇的时候,他们感到舒适地合在一块,他们住在那里。换句话说,他们已经达到了一个平衡或幸福的状态。如果另一方面,两极颠倒的,正极对正极，那里就有反抗、不稳定、不平衡的状态,不愉快的事。

动物在一定程度的智能似乎找到了快乐并且强化。一旦他们已经获得了一个或多个他们的目标,比如食物和水,他们学会用重复的行为来获得满意的目标。重复或强化产生一种平衡状态或幸福感。

根据这一理论,能够见到的动物只有具有学习能力才能够感受到幸福。但事实上通过学习可以发生令人惊讶的是简单的短期的动作,如挠痒,其次是快乐,紧随其后的是更多的擦痕,等等。因此学习也可能发生在几乎没有有意识的思维。

对人类来说,幸运的推理能力,目标也不仅仅局限于短期满意的需要。的确,有一种强烈的联系的幸福和实现长期目标。即使人类追求的目标是更复杂的和长期的比动物的目标,一旦这些目标得到过一次,幸福是加强。

1。为什么发言人提到“磁铁”? 2。根据文章,动物在他们得到食物? 3。下列哪个选项是正确的根据发言者? 4。演讲者说什么特别的目标是人类吗? 5。下列哪一条可以最好地捕捉一篇文章的中心思想吗? 答案 dcbda VI。Further Listening and Speaking Task1:理性与情感 脚本

有时被看作是情感的相反的原因,建议的词,如“吸引的情感而不是启发理性”和“不要让你的感觉带结束。”情感反应产生后果或思想有时人们可能后来后悔或不同意,但在一次情绪状态,他们不能控制他们的行为。因此,人们普遍认为,最独特的一个事实是关于人类的情感与理智之间的矛盾。

然而,最近的研究证明,不建议有一个明确的理由和感情之间的区别。事实上,愤怒或恐惧往往被认为是一个本能反应观察的事实。人类的头脑拥有许多可能的反应,外部世界。这些反应可以躺在一个连续体,它们涉及的一些极端的纯智力的逻辑,而通常被称为“冷”,以及其他涉及极端的纯的情感逻辑协议无关,这叫做“炎热的激情”。逻辑与情感的关系优点仔细研究。热情,情感,或感觉可以增强一个论点,主要是基于事件一原因。这是真实的宗教或意识形态,而这种“不合”往往要求拒绝或接受妥协。在这些地区的思想,人类必须采取一种综观支持论点部分通过实证,部分是由于感觉和激情。另外,有几个有代表性的研究者认为,没有“纯洁”的决定或思想;也就是说,没有思想是建立“纯粹”“知识逻辑或“纯粹”在情感上决策是建立在两者的混合。

1。结果是否有些扬声器的情感反应吗? 2。什么是一种通俗的信念对理性与情感吗? 3。演讲者指什么“冷”吗? 4。根据文章的时候,人们应该怎么做在宗教的事吗? 5。演讲者的结论是什么? 答案 abccd 任务2:萧条 脚本

帕特:你看起来很沮丧。你觉得沮丧吗?我是来让你高兴起来。泰德:但没有什么能让我高兴起来。我很沮丧。人生的悲惨 帕特:你有试图让你的注意力集中的东西。

泰德:但我不能。我只是觉得有太多的压力对我说说话!帕特:你不能让这些事情影响你的情绪。学会放松,不要担心。你有什么问题? 泰德:我最后的考试失败了,另一个考试就要到了,我感到厌倦。

派特:如果我是你,我就开始努力学习。如果你努力学习了很长时间,你会取得较好的成绩。你看,“没有痛苦,没有收获”。

泰德:这是说起来容易做起来难!如果我读了15分钟,我感到厌倦。帕特:你必须学习一些自律。但是,我怎么能保持愉悦吗? 泰德:比这更糟!如果我读了半个小时,我头痛。然后我开始担心下一次考试通过。帕特:这都是在你的脑子里。如果你保持开朗喜欢我,一切很快就会没事的。泰德:但是,我怎么能保持愉悦吗? 帕特:试着看到事物的光明面。泰德:但是如果没有光明的一面吗? 帕特:你知道这句谚语:山穷水尽疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。这意味着每个东西总有黑暗和光明两个方面。所以,试着去发现你的长处,使然后得到充分发挥。泰德:噢,不!你让我毫无新意古话更加沮丧。带钥匙的家伙:TFFTF Task3:愤怒 脚本

愤怒是一种感情,难以控制。尽管如此,我们应该学会如何管理愤怒,在一个建设性的态度。在愤怒最激动的时刻,我们通常会做出两个选择:要么战斗,要么逃跑。有些人选择暴力,这是一个负面的反应就是愤怒;另一些人则选择来逃跑。可能有人认为跑意味着你是个胆小鬼。但选择走下去并且冷静下来,声称是更有效率的方法处理的愤怒。很难走,尤其是当你内心赛车,你的愤怒都煮得溢出来了。

用建设性的方法去处理愤怒在任何情况下。首先,你必须停留在一段短暂的时刻,三思而后行。把那一刻,让自己平静下来的，你感觉自己被推移。

在那一刻,你应该承认你很生气。如果你拒绝承认你生气或受伤,或如果你让它看起来一切像桃子和奶酪,你不是在用一个有效的方式去管理愤怒。你应该先承认你很生气,让你的感情从你面前撵出去炸毁。敌人的例子,在这里,你可以在一个安静的地方和自己大叫;或者你可以跟一个亲密的朋友发泄你的愤怒。如果你不承认你的愤怒,它只有建立你的内心世界,最终将会像一座火山爆发

然后,为了管理你的愤怒,你可以问自己一个重要的问题,我们都必须问问自己,“是什麽让我生气?“当你找到答案,然后问自己:“为什么使我生气?“通过这样的逻辑推理,就往往会冷静下来,走向一个明智的解决方案。Uint2 II。基本的听力练习3。脚本

女:你听说了吗?海伦得到了一个建模工作!她会因为滑步走得好而下来”。哇,太棒了!所有走路练习真的要付出很多。她不会草草了事因为她自己很高。问:为什么海伦得到建模工作吗? 4。脚本

米:茱莉亚,过来看美国小姐大赛上电视了。所有那些美丽的女孩到处闲逛穿着游泳衣,所以法官能决定谁有最好的形象。

魏:呸!那是最糟的一种剥削。他们正在治疗女人喜欢玩具,大家一起赏灯。我不会参加这种比赛。问:男人和女人思考美化比赛吗? 3。脚本

女:我该做什么呢?我很胖。我想要苗条、美丽,但我很胖。我已经试过了所有的新想法进行筛选,高低碳和,可是都没效。

男:那些饮食只是时尚、流行一会儿,然后忘记。跟平常的饮食与水果、蔬菜、鱼、水和得到足够的锻炼。不久你就会看到结果。问:什么有女人的努力? 4。脚本

乔治% 26 #;我认为莉莉真诱人。她的一半,这真的闷热西班牙去看她。那互相攀比,解释了她为什么这么好。我一直都嫉妒她的肤色在夏天的。问:以下是真实的莉莉? 5。脚本

男:相信我,它很紧通过互联网在:“整容手术的速度在增加男性”。显然,越来越多的人正试图改善他们的外表。

女:我看见了这个消息告诉他。Face-lifts,鼻子的就业机会,以及隐藏皱纹箱子现在非常热门的男人。男人说这是为商业原因,但我们知道这是虚荣。

问:什么女人认为真正的理由是,男人有整型外科手术吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1。乙2。一个3。4 D 5 B C 三。听在

任务一:一个友好的设计师

发型师:早上好,先生。这把椅子,请。我能为您做些什么? 尼克:一个简单的发型:短的背板和侧板。

设计师:很好。我当然能够做一些时尚只有60美元。尼克:60美元!这是我robbery-twice通常支付高速公路。

发型师:也许是,先生。但是你的发型没有在和谐中你的性格。你的头发是战争,你的灵魂。尼克:我从来没有听说过这样的事。

发型师:如果要我说,我是一个专家,发型的个性匹配。相信我,你患了“裂缝”。尼克:一个裂缝吗?“见什么鬼了一个裂缝吗? 发型师:您的头发不匹配你的。

尼克:这完全是胡说。然而,我想听听你怎么想解决这个所谓的问题。

设计师:你的角色是艺术,有想象力。但你的头发枯燥。我能正确的这种不平衡的现象,在几秒钟。尼克:好吧,让我看看你能做些什么关于…嗯…裂缝,就像你所说的那样。

设计师:我们打算用剪刀创造的山峰,而我们会保持在一个自由的地方…帮助凝胶。这绺后我们会编织成一个猪尾。现在,这是新的!尼克:我喜欢它。这就像我:想象力和艺术。你现在在做什么?怎么回事?哪里出毛病了?难道你看不见我和谐的新发型吗? 发型师:有什么东西阻止你的发型是一个真正的时尚的声明。尼克:看在上帝的份上,告诉我是怎么不见了。

发型师:线条。放进一些黄色条纹戴在你的发际,它将成为一件艺术品。裸奔,将成本你更多,但… 尼克:做这件事。忘记了成本。但是,顺便说一句,总成为了吗?我所付的运费是多少,避免裂缝吗? 发型师:那是…135美元。先生?先生,你还好吗?哦,他昏了过去。6。当设计师提到$ 60,哪些客户说呢? 7。设计师思考什么客户的发型吗? 8。有什么设计师与客户的头发吗? 9。什么人的裸奔做头发根据设计师? 10。本文主要是什么? 带钥匙的家伙:1 C。一个3.检定。B.参考: 1。这意味着没有比赛之间你和你的头发。

2。那是…135美元。先生?先生,你还好吗?哦,他昏了过去。任务2:声音消散了 脚本

康克雷特后,眉宇间绷紧了,和鼻子,一些还是有可能会透露你的年龄:你的声音。的患者认为他们用发颤的声音,嘶哑的话不匹配他们新面孔和身体上,有一个过程,据称能使他们的声音太年轻声音消散了。通常有两种类型的声音电梯。在某些情况下,通过植入一个口子插入颈部使声带更紧密地结合在一起。医生也使用注射脂肪或其他物质使绳子,这样的声音听起来更年轻。声音越来越广为流传的电梯在人口老龄化,试图让自己听起来更年轻。

“我说在一个伟大的交易,或我大喊大叫,在某一天,在一天结束的时候,我才会感到疲惫,”罗伯特。布朗说,75岁的退休建筑工程师接受声音电梯几年前,“我不知道如果我声音更年轻,但hoarseness走了,这是一个很伟大的改善。“ 声音电梯也可从中获益的人喜欢表演者,律师,老师,和电话运营商需要有很强的声音和希望刮胡子年之遥的声音传达他们的声音。Task3:一个对幸福的看法 脚本

男人正在转向整形手术和化妆品程序来照亮他们的外表速率要大于女性,根据周三发布的一份调查显示。男子使用脂肪注射软化深度皱纹去年猛增了47%,从以往的一年。妇女使用注射下跌36%,根据一项调查显示,美国科学院面部和塑料整形外科医生。

男人的使用肉毒杆菌毒素注射来消除皱眉线上升了88%,而女性使用肉毒杆菌毒素下跌了8%。

和平滑肌肤,使用激光在漫长的男性上升了13%,调查显示。与此同时,妇女使用激光对照下降了38%在同一时期。

鼻子的男性人数上升47%得到工作,而这样的女性数量增长了5%。一般来说,男性和女性在美容整形外科医生访问40岁至59岁的原因。

调查指出,44%的男性和57%的女性告诉他们的医生,看上去更加年轻的原因是他们正选择的整容手术。约18%,男性比女性更可能说他们想要面部整容手术相关的原因。

这项研究是由写问卷从1月20至3月3 2600余名协会的成员,那些关注治疗的脸,头、脖子。

相比之下,在过去的几年中,女性使用上升了60%,而男性的a型肉毒毒素跌了14%,妇女使用激光在漫长,而男性则上升了13%的下跌19%;女人的使用fell17脂肪注射,男性则下跌了54%。6。什么是真正的男人和妇女使用脂肪注射? 7。在选项是正确的鼻工作吗? 8。有多少妇女的百分比比选择整容手术看起来更年轻的百分比的男性吗? 9。什么是真正的男性和女性在过去的几年中使用肉毒杆菌毒素? 10。下列哪个是最好的冠军,这一段吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1 C 2.C3。B 4。B的3 D VI。进一步的听力和口语 Task1:美丽竞赛和整形手术 脚本

本文认为博尔赫斯茱莉,被评为“巴西小姐”周二早些时候,四次,接受整形手术19小规模的行动。她只是一个许多对手有决心通过改善他们的外表的外科手术。

“整形手术让我更加漂亮,给了我自信和完善的测量,吸引我的这个冠军,他说:“在一个绿色洋装选美皇后,他代表巴西最南端的状态做Sul格兰德河沿岸。

同时,22岁,吸脂手术,她的下巴,鼻子和耳朵上工作,以及,她的乳房增大。

随着整形外科学科发展,越来越多的未来的选美皇后的巴西发现它更容易取得理想的测量。这些天,年轻的候选人,亚马逊河丛林到大城市在巴西南部正计划的外科手术。

三分之一的27岁选美比赛的决赛后立即进行了规则改变手术刀在1990年代。新的条例允许整形手术,彩色隐形眼镜,头发染料在美的竞争。

在巴西小姐选美大赛的组织者说,“这是一场战争,而且所有的美容工具,可以用于不能使用。其他国家,如委内瑞拉铺平了道路,而且巴西将不得不使用这些工具如果它想参加比赛。”美想念大学

但巴西爱整形手术并不局限于美丽的竞争。手术最年轻妇女想找一个更好的男人和一份高薪的工作。5。如何做了很多外科手术前巴西小姐共吗? 6。什么样的变化带来了整形手术,根据这一段吗? 7。以下哪一个是在后方可the1990s规则改变了吗? 4。下列哪个国家先驱提到使用美容工具吗? 5。什么是目标的最年轻的巴西人的妇女在进行手术吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1。一个2。C 3。维4。B.任务2:这是真正的美? 脚本 约翰:那里去卡米拉。她今天很漂亮,不是吗?她的皮肤像婴儿一样光滑的屁股上。她的嘴唇是一个完美的丘比特弓形的。她一定有很多的人。

贝基:我知道她看起来像没有化妆。她必须把它用汤勺。它就像一个面具。我不明白男人发现很有吸引力的。

约翰:我是否察觉到一丝的愤恨吗? 贝琪:她没有为我嫉妒。

约翰:我要你相信那些说想:美丽是情人眼中出西施。贝琪:真正的美丽是发自内心的。天然材料应该能够出来。

约翰:但是你永远坚持那些规则吗?当我走过你的公寓昨晚,我看到你在厨房里和一些绿色物质弄脏了你的脸。

贝琪:他们是黄瓜。他们是天生的疗愈者皮肤。你没听人说他们在电视上软化皮肤,消灭粗糙度,并建立强度和韧性呢? 约翰:是的,是的,是的!擦出管道和年龄的迹象。废话,废话,废话!看,我甚至可以背诵这则广告。贝琪:你已经学到了很多,不是吗? 约翰:既然你可以保持你的皮肤如此的背影,并维持你的身材很好,你不妨写一本关于美丽的秘密。贝琪:别开我的玩笑了。无论如何,你最好试试黄瓜治疗自己。把一些黄瓜片在你头上。至少他们会继续,斑秃如此明亮的光芒。

带钥匙的家伙:FTFTF Task3:改变你的发型来改善你的外观 脚本

如果你想看起来更好,改变你的发型可以是一个简单的论点。如果你想达到减肥目的,一个新发型是一个快速又简单的方法,让你的looks-and增强你的信心。

根据一个流行的发型设计师,客户经常说,“我想把我的头发,但我要减肥的第一。“但这不是正确的程序;恰恰相反。你应该知道什么发型会奉承你最,风格,展示你特定功能的优势甚至在你开始减肥。

例如,许多人可能会想跟一个胎面和穿长头发。但是有短的头发看起来更好一些,如果他们有一个圆圆的脸蛋。“当它太长了,它可以把你的脸庞,实际上使人们的功能,你别想强调说,“Riggio的家伙,一个著名的发型设计师在洛杉矶。多么短促的太短了?这取决于你的脖子的长度。Riggio说:“越长越短颈,你去吧。” 一些顶级设计师认为妇女应该远离周围的巨响。厚彭斯可能是时尚的时候,但即使薄彭斯难以磨损。“它们改变了面部的形状,使它看起来更短,说:“阿'Connor纽约的发型设计师。相反,你应该把你的头发离你的脸。它会让你的脸看起来更长的时间。

最后,选择一个设计师知识渊博,他的观点是谁能被信任。那么好玩的新风格。参考: 1。这是一个快速又简单的方法,让你的looks-and增强你的信心

2。客户常说:“我想把我的头发,但我要减肥的第一。“但这不是正确的程序;恰恰相反。3。演讲者说如果你有一张圆圆的脸,你也许会更好,短头发。

4。这取决于你的脖子的长度。脖子上的时间越长,越短越精彩你可以走了。5。他们改变面部的形状,使它看起来更短 Uint3 II。基本的听力练习5。脚本

女:你有没有看到今天的报纸了吗?有一个地震在巴西。是的,但是它只测量为里氏3.5级。我不认为有任何伤亡。问:什么是由于地震为里氏3.5级,根据那个男人吗? 2。脚本

女:我有点担心苏西前往印度南部。它是多雨的季节,也有可能是landsides。

男:苏珊能照顾自己,她不会太危险了。此外,你总是可以电子邮件她如果它能让你感觉更好。问:什么是苏珊在干什么? 3。脚本

男:嗨,我还以为你在假期在亚洲!回来了吗? 服务员:我们从来没有在那里!我们的旅行社取消了我们的安排,因为整个地区被洪水淹没。我们很失望,我们不会得到另一个机会去今年。问:什么是女人在做什么? 4。脚本

男:我们飞往东京的航班延迟了十二个小时。你能相信吗?台风袭击了东海岸,这是混乱。女:我看见它在新闻。洪水和损伤十分恐怖。我不认为任何人受伤虽然。问:什么是由于台风? 5。脚本

女:你有没有看昨晚的程序对火山吗?这令人着迷!是的,诡异的东西是熔岩看起来是如此的美丽,但它的极具破坏性。我简直不敢相信相隔多远的灰还可以旅游。我很高兴我们没有任何火山在这里!问:男人如何认为火山吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1。维2。一个3。C 4。B 5.摄氏度 三。听在

任务一:柔软的回答可以息怒。儿子:嗨,妈妈,我们吃些什么吃晚饭吗? 妈妈:我还没开始呢。为什么,你有什么需要? 儿子:如何为一个change-I海啸不知道这是什么,但我听到一些日本人使用这个词在公共汽车上,前两天。听起来像是一个食物。也许这是类似于寿司。

妈妈:胡说八道。来自日本文字意义海啸港口及波。如果我们有一场海啸,它会反过来,年轻人。儿子:为什么?它是什么? 妈妈:我的意思是,它可能把你吞下。海啸是一个巨大的一系列非常强大的海浪。儿子:你可以冲浪?可能会很冷静。

妈妈:它们不是很酷。他们是非常具有破坏性。当他们磅人口稠密地区的海岸,反而造成巨大的伤害。他们毁灭一切的道路。儿子:是什么引起的? 妈妈:我想他们是由于某种形式的冲击,如地震、火山、滑坡的开始,一个连锁反应在大海中。儿子:波浪到达大,他们强压殿宇吗? 妈妈:很容易。他们可以是几十米高。他们的汽车和房屋周围抛,好像他们是孩子们的玩具。儿子:你能看到它们的到来吗? 妈妈:你可以看到他们在相当的距离。但是有没有什么可以做。在开放海域他们搬到每小时800公里,但当它到达海边,系统慢下来,海浪会变大。儿子:大吗? 妈妈:他们可以达到30米。大到足够完成了你一饮而尽。11分。啥子认为海啸吗? 12。妈妈暗示什么对她说:“如果我们有一场海啸,这可能是另一个路”? 13岁。儿子什么想上网海啸会是什么样? 14。以下哪项不是提到海啸的原因吗? 15。能达到多高的海啸波到达吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1 B 2。C 3。4号的。维5.摄氏度 参考

1。在开放海域他们搬到每小时800公里,但当它到达海边,系统慢下来,海浪会变大。2。他们可以达到30米。大到足够完成了你一饮而尽。任务2:洪水在海地和多米尼加共和国 脚本

死亡也不继续爬,从上周的洪水在海地和多米尼加共和国。美国国际发展机构的报告说,在least1,068人死亡,1600人失踪,25000人需要紧急粮食和其他形式的援助。在多米尼加共和国,414人死亡,274人失踪,均来自Jimani镇。

一个关键的因素,在大规模的破坏是过度砍伐和在场的聚落的洪泛平原的河流。

洪水受强烈的降雨。低压系统原产于美国中部和雷暴大雨带来特别对海地和多米尼加共和国从25从5月18日。降雨量超过500毫米(19.7英寸)提出的沿边境地区的海地和多米尼加共和国在那段时期。Jimani镇、多米尼加共和国、250毫米(10英寸)的降雨量仅24小时,导致Solie河漫过河岸从May24到25个。降雨导致突发的洪水和广泛的碎片流过了整个地区的动荡。湍急的河流和碎片剪除不少的道路穿越该地区沿底部山脉。这使得人道主义救援工作者很难去营救被困的人救得很厉害。现在人们想知道多久及相关地块运动的洪水也造成了landsides在一些地方。

分析表明,大洪水过去的日期在多米尼加共和国和海地现在已经是一个near-annual事件。自1986年以来,十二个致命事件发生了islan Task3:暴风雪 脚本

暴风雪是服务器气象条件具有较低的温度下和强风,大于15英里每小时,承载着大量的雪。

因为暴风雪的因素分类是复杂的,有许多不同的定义,一个暴雪的真正含义。不过,人们一致认为,为了被视作是暴雪,而不只是一个冬天的风暴,天气必须满足几个条件。暴风雨必须减少能见度降到有四分之一英里跑了三个小时。包括雪或冰就像沉淀,而风速度至少32英里每小时,这意味着力量7甚至更多的风力规模。另一个标准,根据环境加拿大,是冬季风暴必须40公里每小时的风或心肌梗死=矿石,足够的雪,能见度不到1公里,温度低于-25摄氏度,所有这些情况必须持续4个小时或更长时间,暴风雨前能正确的被称为有暴风雪。

当所有这些条件继续下雪后已经停止下跌,暴风雨被作为地被t阿暴风雪。

一个广泛的形式的暴雪是一个没有,当冷凝形成,连同降雪、变得如此严重,几乎不可能分辨空中与地面。人们住在没有很快就会迷失方向,失去意义上的上升和下降以及他们的方向感。严重的暴风雪也可发生随着北极气旋。

11分。本文主要是什么? 12。下列哪项是正确的暴风雪的根据第一标准吗? 13岁。下列哪项是真实的暴风雪依照第二个标准吗? 14。什么是地暴雪呢? 5。下列哪项是为了增加力量吗? 带钥匙的家伙:一个2.B3。C 4。维5.摄氏度 参考

他们很快就会迷失方向,失去意义上的上升和下降以及他们的方向感。VI。进一步的听力和口语 Task1:描述海啸 脚本

一个奇怪的空气里弥漫着嘶嘶响声说,证人的灾难,这是一个ear-shattering紧随其后的咆哮。奔向岸边的速度达到每小时450公里的速度是一个巨大的黑色的水墙超过20米高。

在海滩上做日光浴,在户外度假酒店和大咖啡馆没有逃脱。随着渔船、汽车、电车、火车、清晨顾客和海滩平房他们被打碎了地上,直到两公里的内陆的力量海啸后不久,地震力9在深海里了苏门答腊岛的海岸。许多当地居民,包括许多孩子,赶紧站到海滩去捡鱼扔上岸来第一次巨大的波浪。他们还没回到安全,另一个也被他们横扫强大的波,从而导致了他们的死在海上。

当最坏的水终于撤退回大海,到处都是尸体,许多挂在树上。至少有140000人死于洪灾的边缘周围印度洋和遥远的肯尼亚和索马里。仍然失踪人员一千多人,其中那么200年印尼渔夫。

数以百计的渔村里印度、印度尼西亚、斯里兰卡和泰国隔绝了干净的水的供应、食品和药品等。来自世界各地的救灾涌向灾区。他们是否能防止进一步死于疾病仍有待观察。8。之后发生了什么购物者被砸碎了地面。9。根据本文,第一次发生了什么巨大的波浪? 10。有多少人在震灾中失踪吗? 11分。可能随后立刻在这场灾难后,根据这一段吗? 12。本文主要搞什么呢? 带钥匙的家伙:1。一个2。C 3。B 4。D.任务2:干旱在南非 脚本

南非正在走向一个灾难在新的一年里因为干旱。在某个水坝水位已经降低到20%以下,地下水位下降了尽可能多的年代30米

介绍了应急措施确保数以百万计的人已经足够的水来生存。在农村地区没有大坝,政府已送水通过卡车和沉全新的、深远的井提供饮用水。水提供了一整晚大约350万南非人。这里的人们几乎30升,通常使用的一天,是不可能进一步限制他们的使用。这就是为什么农业的使用必须限制。

超过100000的农场工人可能会失去他们的工作,如果不下雨了。水的限制,这有一个负面影响,特别是农业部门,已经对几个地区。农民们一直都在被迫停止灌溉他们的庄稼,以确保足够的水是供家庭使用。玉米在东部发达地区农民的国家几乎没有希望种植作物。他们需要雨水在未来两周内就会启动种植。在那儿农民并播种苗、如在太阳下。

估计有40000头牲畜死亡,因为乾旱期。成千上万的股票农民宰杀牲畜在很大程度上因为无草离开了。部分农村的绝大多数都是痛苦没有水坝。如果不下雨,那里的人将面临一个巨大的危机。带钥匙的家伙:FFTFT Task3:勇敢的消防员 脚本

发生火灾时,草原上的一个农场附近一些加拿大阿尔伯塔省。消防部门从附近的城镇被用来扑灭了大火。火被证明是比小城镇消防部门能够处理,所以有人认为,农村志愿者的消防部门被调用。公司自over65都完全由男人,有怀疑他们会帮助你。但是没有其他人的帮助的话,这个农夫打了个电话给消防公司走了。志愿者的消防部门的人到达了一个破旧的老辆消防车。卡车开过的直往火而不是停止在火炉前,一直开到中间的火焰。志愿消防员跳下了车,开始喷水会在所有的方向。很快他们就有扑灭火焰的中心,打破了火焰成两个并不难控制部分。在一个小时的激烈战斗,他们有熄灭的火。

农夫很欣赏他们的勇敢的志愿消防队员和他们的工作。他非常感激他的农场已经救了他提出了这个志愿者公司10000美元支票机智公顷。

当地的一个新闻记者问志愿者消防队长公司打算做与资金。消防队员对着他的眼睛,说:“这应该是显而易见的。我们首先要做的就是把制动器固定在那个愚蠢的消防车。” 参考

1。公司自over65都完全由男人,有怀疑他们会帮助你。但农夫打了个电话给消防公司,因为火被证明是比小镇消防部门可以处理,并没有其他帮助可用。

2。卡车开过的直往火而不是停止在火炉前,一直开到中间的火焰。3。在一个小时的激烈战斗,他们有熄灭的火。

4。他提出了这个志愿者公司10000美元支票机智公顷。

5。机长说:“我们首先要做的就是把制动器固定在那个愚蠢的消防车。“这表明他们一直开到中间的火焰而无用的刹车因为勇敢。Uint4 II。基本的听力练习6。脚本

男:你是否认为自己作为一个领导者,或更多的一个团队合作者吗? 嗯,这要看情况。我通常享受工作作为团队的一部分,帮助大家一起工作。但如果领导者是薄弱的,我并不害怕接管为了实现目标放在手边。问:女人想要什么? 7。脚本

服务员:早上好,我还有一个约会,戴维斯先生在11点钟。

是的,他留了口信要给你说他非常抱歉,但他被堵在路上跑15分钟,晚了。请坐下,他会尽快赶到。你要茶还是咖啡? 问:哪里是对话可能发生的吗? 3。脚本

女:你不快乐。你有没有得到那个升迁的机会吗? 男:不,他们带来了一些新的人。我不打算逗留太长了,我不能向你保证。问:为什么男人不开心? 4。脚本

女:琼斯先生是白手起家的百万富翁,我很荣幸地曾为他过去的三十年来作为他的会计。男:他一定很高兴有一个忠诚的员工如你自己。问:什么是正确的女人? 5。脚本

魏:简,我们考虑你的新办公室经理的位臵。我们已经对你的工作非常满意。男:非常感谢。我一向很喜欢在这里工作,而且我也会欢迎机会给更多的责任。问:下列哪个选项是正确的? 带钥匙的家伙:1。C 2。3 B。4号的。B的3 D 三。听在

任务一:你被解雇了!琼:进来,进来。坐。啊…嗯…我想让你知道这是会伤到我的比它会伤害你。卡尔:是的,夫人。但我不太确定你在说些什么。琼:你被解雇了。这就是我正在谈论的。

卡尔:我发现令人惊讶的是,杰克逊小姐。毕竟,我卖给我们的产品百分之二十五比其他公司销售人员。琼:你看,我在这里不是争论。你被解雇了。明白吗? 卡尔:我完全理解。我只是不知道将会发生什么事,我的合同已经安排。这将是一个遗憾失去它;它可能意味着我们大量的公司。我唯一知道的细节。

琼:没有一个人是不可缺少的。只是清理你的桌子边上,结束了它。我说得够清楚了吗先生西子湖畔吗? 卡尔:水晶clear-apart从一个小细节。琼:那么,坦白的说,就是细节? 卡尔:我不是先生西子湖畔。我是卡尔〃史密斯。

琼:那么,那是另一回事,史密斯先生。我知道你有蜜蜂,几乎每天晚上都工作到很晚,降临在星期六去工作。公司非常满意你的进步。

卡尔:知道这个真是太好了。当时我开始认为我不欣赏。琼:你做得不错。我们已经批准你的第一个加薪。

卡尔:太棒了!谢谢你!我一定要设法达到了你们的信任在我这提高工资。16岁。为什么人很惊讶的发现被解雇了? 17岁。什么是第二个原因提到的人反对他被解雇了? 18岁。错误也女人搞什么? 19岁。你是怎么知道这个人的工作表现? 20。那人终于得到什么? 带钥匙的家伙:1 C 2。3 B。维4。一个5.参考

1。我想让你知道这是会伤到我的比它会伤害你。

2。太棒了!谢谢你!我一定要设法达到了你们的信任在我这提高工资。任务2:苏荷区 脚本

现代理念的小办公室和家庭办公室,或小、居家办公,往往缩短到个体户,涉及业务从一到十雇佣工人。也被称为一个虚拟的业务,苏荷区以外没有进化的想法是一个独立的企业有一些人支持失速的成员。企业通常被称为大中小型企业。

复修传播前,工业革命的兴起,在全球范围内几乎所有的办公室里小型办公室或是家庭办公室,只有少数的例外。大多数企业还很小的时候,和文书工作的数量就与他们的商业活动。

20th末世纪初二十一号,该术语“小或家庭办公”和缩写字母个体户已经使用t在很大程度上把产品卖的公司大量的小生意,一个小型办公室。

一些产品常常是专门设计用于个体户市场。许多书都被书面记录并且卖专门为这种类型的办公室,告诉人们怎样使一个小办公室。

现在许多顾问、律师、和房地产代理人,中小城镇——大小的操作这样的家办事处。

在软件开发领域,工程师必须经常工作20小时或更久的连续,因此他们很难适应正常的办公时间。他们经常在小公司工作有更多的自由。Task3中的作用的工作职责 脚本

那些不了解什么是他们的雇主期望他们做可能前往最常见的一种,但大多数可以避免的职业陷阱。如果你的老板不花点时间来解释你所预期的适当在你的位臵。然后继续问问题,直到你准确地知道它是什么。不要局限你的问题的重要日常例行工作。李。柯比,一位英国的管理顾问位于明尼阿波利斯,提出了自己的建议。他说,你可以问问更重要的问题,如“什么是我们的departmwnt目标?我的工作是如何适应的总体目标公司的?”

这种方法有助于丽莎詹姆斯,助理经理在一家电子公司。当詹姆斯被转移到一个新的部门七年前,她发现自己不仅工作品质管理的经理,但协助其他三个经理。由于工作既要求,不明确的,詹姆斯已经把10天以及带工作回家。阐明所预期的她,她希望能够从她的职业中部门工作,她起草了一份名单目标在协作与她的主要的老板。所以,虽然名单,证明她的老板用它作为基础为她的业绩评估。不久以后,她被加薪为她的高效率的工作。如果你的老板对你是很模糊的目标应该是,尝试这种技术的建议Atkin西门,因此公司董事管理:读你的职位描述,大多数大公司提供,并找出两个或三个最重要的任务,它提到。然后和你的老闆见面会,指出你所选择的任务,问问他们是否能准确地反映你的老板认为重要的。15。如果你的老板不描述你的工作职责清楚,你会做什么呢? 16岁。什么样的问题,你可以问你的工作吗? 17岁。当詹姆斯被转移到一个新部门,有多少经理就她一定要工作? 18岁。是谁詹姆斯起草一份名单目标? 5。她的目标清单收到? 带钥匙的家伙:2.D3 1 B。维4。一个5.摄氏度 参考

读你的职位描述和识别两个或三个最重要的任务,它提到。然后和你的老闆见面会,指出你所选择的任务,问问他们是否能准确地反映你的老板认为重要的。VI。进一步的听力和口语

Task1:一种小的过失能够成为一个庞大的事业的陷阱。脚本

乔治〃亚当斯,市场研究员在一个中西部公司,最后他的销售报告打印。经过数月的研究,数以百计的调查,和一些无聊的草案,他的报告完成了,正是时候。他要离开周末,他想知道他的报告放松是成功的。他仔细校对他的文件副本,然后将所有的管理人员在他的通讯组列表。

当他回到他的桌子上,他发现他的上司,部门经理,怒气冲冲。起初他并没意识到他偶然地走在他的头上。无论如何,她曾给他的贡献列表放在第一位。因此,他认为他只是服从命令。可是,我的老板生气了,她还没有见过最后文件。

老板问亚当斯回来的拷贝,但是已经太迟了。当亚当斯将向总裁的办公室,他已经看报告。

亚当斯拥有感到摩擦和他的老板之前。她是傲慢的,却发现他的工作之后,他的毛病给弄坏了他的回如期实现。但在这个例子里,他意识到他犯了一个严重的错误。他的老板非常沮丧,因为他的错误使她看起来她好像没有在控制她的部门。

从老板的角度看,亚当斯被侵犯她的权威。结果很简单和自然︰亚当斯随后也放弃了他的工作。亚当斯的故事说明了一个关于工作场所的真理:小,看上去无辜的失误中有时会成为一个大事业的陷阱。13岁。亚当斯交付给谁呢份报告了吗? 14。亚当斯后发现了什么救副本吗? 15。老板问发生了什么亚当斯回到副本的报告吗? 16岁。根据文章,为什么是他的老板非常心烦意乱啊? 5。从中我们可以得出结论:从这一段吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1。乙2。3 B。C 4。一个5.摄氏度 任务2:老板很生气!脚本

山姆:告诉我:这是不是看起来像一个养老院的地方吗? 莎莉:没有。为什么? 山姆:你看我像个男护士吗? 莎莉:一点也不。

山姆:那为什么我的员工表现得好像这是一个养老院,而不是工作的地方吗? 莎莉:你显然心烦意乱。怎么回事?哪里出毛病了?告诉我。山姆:你是对的。我很烦恼很多东西。莎莉:你能告诉我是什么问题吗? 山姆:首先我很难过,因为这么多的员工已经展现出上班迟到。

莎莉:这是真的。许多人已经回来晚了。也许他们觉得你不介意。你知道有一个漂亮的轻松的气氛在这里。山姆:也许是因为我跟很多以外的办公室。

莎莉:他们必须见你更多作为一个好友比有了老板再这样想。那是因为你太友善。山姆:你是对的。他们不把我当作权威的人物了。我怕他们不尊重我作为一个老板 莎莉:那你打算做些什么? 山姆:我打算去改变。没有更多的先生很不错的家伙。我正准备开始开裂鞭子。莎莉:你想什么时候这种变化发生吗? 山姆:从今天开始,我打算躺了律法。从现在起,公司的每一个人都必须遵守法规,后者。莎莉:我要寄一个通知尽快。它应该怎么说? 山姆:没有更多的上班迟到了。没有更多的时钟提前离开。没有更多的请了病假没有傻瓜或没有理由医生开的证明拿来。莎莉:还有别的事吗? 山姆:没有更多的私人电话或邮件,在公司的时间!莎莉:好吧,我马上就去做!带钥匙的家伙:FTFTF Task3:三个信封 脚本

在一个较高水平Supertech开火,高层管理人员聚集在一起吃午饭,欢迎新首席执行官卡尔〃马丁,说再见了离开的首席执行官,迪克〃杰克逊。

午餐是很好当杰克逊把他的替代者放在一边,说:“卡尔,这是一个丛林在商业世界。如果我们毕业于哈佛商学院不伸出一花药,还会有谁?没有人,那是谁。”

杰克逊解释说,一个传统的公司的首席执行官。西沉的CEO留下了三个信封供数新的首席执行官。他递给马丁三个信封。“开放一个有问题你不能解决吧。”

事情顺利地为马丁。起初,但六个月后,销售下滑了,他正在捉大量的热量。绞尽脑汁,他想起了信封。他把从他的书桌,第一个信封。可以找到里面的密信,“怪你以前的扫罗一样。”

马丁召开记者会,巧妙地把责任推到脚前首席执行官。press-and墙的Street-reacted积极、销售捡起,这个问题很快就被抛在脑后。

一年以后,公司又经历了一次销售下降,再加上严重的产品问题。首席执行官(CEO)揭开第二信封。消息是这样写的:“发现。”

这个他所行的、和公司迅速反弹。

经过几场有利可图的季度,公司又一次落在艰难的时期。首席执行官(CEO)走到他的办公室,关上了门,打开了第三个信封。微薄的读道,“准备三个信封。” 参考

1。他们聚集在一起吃午饭,欢迎新首席执行官卡尔〃马丁,说再见了离开的首席执行官,迪克〃杰克逊。2。西沉的CEO留下了三个信封供数新的首席执行官

3。可以找到里面的密信,“怪你以前的扫罗一样。“那么,新的首席执行官召开记者会,巧妙地把责任推到脚前首席执行官。

4。消息是这样写的:“识别。“新的首席执行官做到了,而且公司迅速反弹。

5。微薄的说:“准备三个信封。“这暗示,现在是时候离开并给三位马丁相似的信封到下一个公司的首席执行官。Uint5 II。基本的听力练习8。脚本

女:为什么有些人呆在一个工作而生存,而另一些人则换工作吗? 男:有些人想要一个常规,这样他们就不会不得不适应新形势下tot一遍又一遍,而另外一些人却认为变化是生活的调味品。

问:根据对话框,为什么有些人坚持一项工作生活? 9。脚本

男:凯瑟琳,你已经迟到这么多次最近我必须提醒大家,将使你的任何重复被解雇。女:我很抱歉。我会尽力使早点的未来。也许我可以工作后,把失去的时间补回来都输了。问:女人说什么? 3。脚本

男:布朗先生,我这里有令人沮丧的时间给我。我有一个更好的机会与另一个公司,我把它拿走了。服务员:我们不会遗憾你离开了,Richard。你已经尽全力了,让大家在这里你是痛苦。问:怎么女子觉得男人的离开? 4。脚本

服务员:先生妮爱美,我想告诉你,你的人,在这个月底我将离开公司。米:嗯,西尔维亚,我们一定会想念你的在这里,但我希望你好运了。问:女人想要什么? 5。脚本

魏:时间,我不想跟你说这事,不过我们陷入预算吃紧,我们必须使你了。我很抱歉。男:我明白了。我很喜欢我的时间在这里,我有信心我能找到一些别的东西。问:什么是男人的反应? 带钥匙的家伙:1.B2.D3。4号的。C的3 D 三。听在

任务一:如何避免破产

经理:亚当!你有什么建议,我们如何才能避免破产? 亚当:裁员会减少我们的经营成本。你知道吧,让我们精简和意味着,你必须在今天的市场。经理:你建议我们在哪里开始制造这些裁员吗? 亚当:逻辑的地方开始将管理。他们通常臃肿。

经理:那不是要复习的很好员工。他们中的有些人已经在公司服务很多年了。亚当:这是痛苦的过程,但是却没有选择。他们只好习惯这个主意。经理:我们能给你一个相当好的解雇费当他们被解雇了。

亚当:我知道。我认为如果我们将办公室,我们可以减少办公室的职员约20%只是通过消除了许多文书工作。经理:没问题。如果我们裁掉20%的行政人员,就足以让公司起死回生的吗? 亚当:不幸的是还没有。我们也将需要削减服务部门。

经理:我们怎么能那样做并维护的服务水平,我们提供我们的旅客吗? 亚当:嗯,我们不得不更好的服务人员和精简业务,所以我们不需要尽可能多的人顺利运行。

经理:好了,这是严肃的,不过我真的不认为我们还有其他的选择。如果我们继续这样的亏损的话,我们就不得不关闭了所有。

21。什么是对话框的主要关注的问题吗? 22。男人如何说“让我们瘦,意思是” ? 23。什么是难以切割的行政人员吗? 24岁。产生什么结果向管理人员? 25。男人如何认为后会发生他们削减20%的管理人员? 带钥匙的家伙:1 B 2。维3。4号的。C 5.摄氏度 参考

1。他建议保留他们的业务服务人员和分流,所以他们不需要尽可能多的人顺利运行。

2。这是一个严重的第一步,但她认为他们没有别的办法。如果他们老是丢失的钱,他们将不得不关闭了所有。

任务2:一种顽固的老板 脚本

先生石头被众所周知宽的老板,他看着他固执员工像鹰一样锐利。他是在他的一个普通的旅游工厂的时候,看到一个年轻人倚着一堆箱子外面的领班办公室。自从乔治,工头,已经不在人世。石头停滞不前的两侧,等着看的是多么的灵年轻男子站在什么都不做。

这个年轻人打了个呵欠,抓了他的头,看了看手表,然后坐在地板上。10分钟后,他打了个呵欠又向后仰堆在一个盒子。

石头从他的藏身之处、加强走到这位年轻人。“你!“他喊道,“你怎么做一个星期怎么样?” 这个年轻人抬头一看这不公正。“二百五十美元,”他说。

石头冲进出纳办公室,把250美元现金盒,并返回。“把它,”他说:“滚开!别让我在这里见到你了!” 那位年轻人接受了现金,把它放在口袋里,然后离开了。当我看到年轻的男人没表示出尴尬,石头有愤怒。然后他去寻找乔治。当他发现他,石头都气红了。“那个懒惰的孩子你前面的办公室,”斯通说,“我只是给了他一个礼拜的薪水和解雇他。你怎么了,让他站在好像他什么也没做什么呢?” “你的意思是说孩子穿红衬衫吗?“乔治问。“是啊!这个小孩穿红衬衫!”

乔治说:“他在等待20美元我们欠他的午餐。他是咖啡厅在拐角的地方。” Task3:裁员可以预测的。脚本

在某些情况下公司预先通知雇员裁员来了。在其他情况下,他们是来没有警告:你准时到达工作一个星期五,但你说下个星期不来。哎唷!在这两种情况下,你可能能够感受到提前一些不好的迹象。也许公司一直非常努力地避免裁员,也许已经做最坏的准备相当一段时间。如果你认为这个坏预兆小心,你可能知道一样甚至更多的一些管理职位的员工与管理层的责任。

例如,如果你从事销售工作,你可能会知道配额就没有实现。如果你工作对工程现场,你可能注意到客户安装少得多。如果贵公司的竞争者、供应商或客户打下了员工,很有可能你的公司也会一样,特别是如果经济条件也影响你的行业。检查裁减统计来自美国劳动统计局的。搜索网络,为当地报纸的文章也关于裁员你的行业。

做许多事情,比如坏售总是意味着裁员来贵公司的吗?不一定。公司有季节性和经济销售的下降,而且总是在寻找方法提高性能。所以,如果你只看到一个或两个不良症状,不要一跃跳到一个仓促的结论。但是如果你多见,尤其是沿着线盈利警告,削减财政预算,招聘冻结,重组、你所在行业的大量裁员,很可能就是时间,让你的简历迄今为止,开始寻找一份新工作。同样,它可能是一个好主意,取消休假,实施money-saving措施,变得更加有用的在你的工作。你应该要提前做好准备,如果你认为你会很快被解雇。19岁。本文主要是什么? 20。根据本文,某种意义上什么时候可以裁员来了吗? 21。什么是提到一个不好的信号为现场工程部门吗? 22。根据文章,坏售信号吗? 5。以下哪项不是提到来替你签字更新你的简历吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1 D 2.C3。B 4。5 C 参考

你可以得到你的简历迄今为止,开始寻找一份新工作。同样,它可能是一个好主意,取消休假,实施money-saving措施,变得更加有用的在你的工作。VI。进一步的听力和口语 Task1:失业的问题 脚本

失业会导致一系列的问题,这是不容易解决。

首先,没有一份工作通常意味着缺乏社会契约抓好同事,缺乏一个许多意图的当天小时。同时,这明显的影响你的能力付账单、t购买生活必需品阿,缺乏这个能力是特别严重的家庭义务为那些机智、债务、或医疗成本,这是特别真实的身份在一个国家像美国,那里获得的医疗保险通常是连接到胜任工作。

一些认为失业的人可以靠失业保险,但这不是真实的。失业保险在美国通常甚至不replace50收到的收入的工作,和一个不能得到它永远。因此,失业最后往往是效仿福利计划如食物Stamps-or负债的问题:包括正式和非正式的债务银行债务的亲属和朋友。

有人认为它提供解决低收入工作失业,但事实并非如此。因为它是困难的或不可能没有得到失业保险金过去,求职者必须接受低收入的工作。因此,失业保险保持充足的低收入的工人。

使情况更为糟糕的是,许多雇主利用这一点。当他们采取这样的管理技术作为低工资和福利、晋升的机会不多的广告,他们承担失业保险期权记在心里。

面临越来越大的失业压力,失业的人患有多种金融、心理和社会问题。会增加失业鼓励他身体不好,并提出两个犯罪和自杀率。

17岁。什么是第一个问题提到关于失业? 18岁。下列哪项是正确的美国失业保险吗? 19岁。为什么人们接受低收入工作吗? 20。根据文章,问题可能会失业的原因吗? 21。下列哪项是最合适的标题一段吗? 带钥匙的家伙:1。一个2。3 B。D5.A C 4.任务2:下调之前芭芭拉:我真的要去思考我的未来。你听说过的削减管理层制造,对吗? 艾伦:噢,是的。我听说过它。但是你还没有什么东西要关心的事。芭芭拉:你永远不知道这里带到下一天你是否能保住饭碗

。艾伦:来吧,他们不会让你走。你一直这么长时间。此外,你擅长于自己的工作。芭芭拉:那可能,但我觉得我已经到达了玻璃天花板在这家公司。艾伦:玻璃天花板吗?你那是什么意思? 芭芭拉:我已经在这里工作了十年。我至今还未拿到一个推广三年。我想我应该是副总统了。如果我是一个男人,我肯定会副主席。

艾伦:没有官方的身份公司的政策,不过这是千真万确的,他们不会促进妇女在管理职位。芭芭拉:我能看见墙上写的东西。我认为是时候换工作,甚至职业,如果我想获得成功。艾伦:改变职业吗?这是一个大跳跃。如果你改变职业,你会做什么呢? 芭芭拉:我在做市场调查在这里,但我在大学学习的公共关系。我想做公关,一家大型跨国公司。艾伦:那听起来令人激动,工资会更好了。是的,如果我能继续留意工作与在互联网上。芭芭拉:迟早一定是好东西出现在就业市场。带钥匙的家伙:TTFFF Task3:工作的转变, 脚本

202_年7月,我的丈夫,一个专业的信息技术咨询行业,丢了工作。尽管我的经验作为一个职业顾问建议了数百人生涯的变化,当坏消息传来,终于到了,我们俩个措手不及。还没有准备好去告诉我们的孩子,毫无准备的混合情绪和最引人注目的,准备不足的情况下突然失去常规在我们的生活中。现实却是,以为我们都知道如何找到工作,我们从来没有在这样尴尬的失业形势在一起。我记得看着我的丈夫坐在办公室,他拍了拍他的前额和低声自言自语:“现在我应该做些什么呢?”

人下岗创造了一个全新的问题和挑战。我们向书店为援助和发现很多找工作方面的书,而不是一个单一的书你面对日常的挑战,当你得到下岗。

随着时间的推移,我们学会了该做什么。我们发现了很棒的资源,识别的快捷键,和从别人那里学经历同样的过程。我和我的同事和客户,收集了他们最好的小费。我们才知道真相,我们聚集足够的有趣资料为一本关于工作的转变,我们需要——书却找不到去年7月 现在我们想要分享这个宝库的信息与你在一起的感觉。参考

5。她已经经历了一个职业顾问建议数百人生涯的变化。但是,当她的丈夫失去工作后,她们二人都作了个措手不及。

6。他们还没有准备好去告诉我们的孩子,毫无准备的混合情绪和最引人注目的,准备不足的情况下突然失去常规在我们的生活中。

3。她看见她的丈夫坐在办公室,他拍了拍他的前额和低声自言自语:“现在我应该做些什么呢?” 4。他们发现很多在书店里找工作方面的书,而不是一个单一的书放在日常工作的挑战人们面对就下岗。5。他们有足够的有趣的材料——一本关于工作的转变,我们需要的书,但找不到去年7月 Uint6 II。基本的听力练习10。脚本

女:那是什么?这是一个玩具吗?咀嚼是被一只狗得到吗? 男:嘿,这是我的吉祥物。我叔叔给了我5岁时,它一直跟着我至今。它给我好运在所有我的大学考试。我无法使自己舍弃。

问:男人如何说关于他的幸运符? 11分。脚本

魏:祝我好运,我今天下午要参加一个工作面试。我真的很紧张。米:保持镇静,最好的运气!我有我的手指穿过。问:什么女人说他已经超越了他的手指的女人? 3。脚本

哦不!你是否看到黑猫走在我的前面好吗?这是倒霉!男:真的吗?我想这取决于你来自哪里。在我的家乡是相反的:它是幸运地看到黑猫。所以不用担心!问:男人和女人想到一只黑猫穿过他们的路? 4。脚本

男:猜猜我是今天早上好吗?我撞了我的镜子。一个伟大的方式来开始新的一天!哦不,7年的坏运气,不是吗? 问:在早上发生了什么事? 5。脚本

男:我简直不敢相信这场雨;这是浇注几个小时。我在哪里可以干我的雨伞了吗? 服务员:不请到这里来!这是不幸的把伞打开室内。你可以把它放在了门廊。问:女人问在哪里的人打开他的伞? 带钥匙的家伙:1.C2.C3。4号的。维5.B 三。听在

任务一:《大卫〃科波菲尔》即将来临。女:我的弟弟去买些tickers为《大卫〃科波菲尔》节目。你感兴趣的和我们一起去吗? 迈克:我不知道。我一直纸牌戏法之前,和兔子从帽子。我甚至一些小把戏myself-watch我改变了这枚硬币掉进冰河冰淇淋甜筒。

女:很有趣。《大卫〃科波菲尔》是世界上最伟大的魔术师,他肯定是值得一看。

男:事实上,我已经看见他在电视上。他抽掉一些漂亮的惊人绝技。我希望我知道他执行他的把戏。然后我也可以使一个人浮在空中。我可以拉出一只兔子来我的帽子。我能逃避上的束缚,这和handcuffs-all水下。我可以看到一个女人在一半。

女:一个魔术师从来都没有告诉他的秘密。尝试不可能的大卫、没有人知道他是怎么做的。我看见他在电视上,当他穿过中国的长城。男:他怎么能这么做? 女:我不知道,但是我知道我所看到的:他进入了一个帆布住所的一面墙上,他是一只帆布住所在马路的另一侧。

是的,但他总是在完全看得见的相机,还是他们切到一个商业或别的东西吗? 魏:不仅相机都跑,但他已装好并接通心跳监测仪,你可以追踪他的进步,因为他不停地在墙上。男:很难知道该相信什么。我知道这是不可能的,他这样做,但是… 啄木鸟:这听起来似乎那是一个电视节目值得一看。

男:把我也算上。而不是一个冰淇淋甜筒,我要把我的钱投资到一张票。26岁。对话框的主要是什么? 27岁。下列哪项并没有人提到吗? 28。《大卫〃科波菲尔》做了什么在中国的长城,根据女人吗? 29。在什么条件下通过了《大卫〃科波菲尔》去长城吗? 30岁。男人如何最终决定去做什么? 带钥匙的家伙:1 C 2。3 B。4号的。维5.摄氏度 参考

1。他能使一个人漂浮在空中,拉出一只兔子来他的帽子,逃避上的束缚,这和handcuffs-all水下,就看见一个女人一半。

2。她认为戴维斯〃科波菲尔在世界上最伟大的魔术师,他是非常值得一看。任务2:真的是坏运气吗? 脚本

你担心,因为你刚才打破镜子吗?有些人相信打破镜子是一件可怕的事情要做。他们说这会给你带来七年的不幸。背后的原因这一信念的旧观念,茎的一个人的灵魂在他们反思,所以,如果你把你的镜子,你的灵魂将被损坏,也使你的早逝,而不是让你进入天堂。有什么办法扭转这种坏运气吗?你仔细Yes-if拣起所有的碎裂的镜子,扔在一条河流或小溪边,然后坏运气将“冲走了”..所有的号码,13日是最相关的坏运气。有些人主张号码是坏运气,因为十三个人坐下来为耶稣被钉在十字架上,最后的晚餐之前,记住这几个家庭将提供晚餐,整整13在桌子上。根据一个古老的挪威的故事,十二神守节聚集为十三分之一,Loke,进入。晚饭后,Loke Balder死亡,谁是最受人爱戴的诸神。任何月十三日星期五被认为是特别糟糕的或不幸,三月十三日星期五是最差的。

数字七,也有一些迷信连接到它。据说上帝在七天内创造了这个世界,任何协会和号码是运气。第7个儿子的第7个儿子被认为是最幸运的男人,当人们谈论“七年之痒”他们的意思是说一个人每七年经历了一个完全不同的个性。Task3:复活节岛上的地位 脚本

最伟大的奥秘是地球上复活节岛巨人。这个岛屿是其中一个最偏僻的地方,在地球上,位于南太平洋。这几乎是杳无人烟的发现时在复活节都在1722年被荷兰的一个队长,但它是覆盖着成百上千的巨大雕像,每袋好几吨和一些站30多英尺高。雕刻这些个子,说明他们为什么把吗? 没有人知道这些问题的确切答案,但许多人吃了试图找出。有许多理论来解释这个谜。这项研究甚至建议外星人可能扮演了一个角色对于这些巨大的雕像。另一种理论与事实是波利尼西亚岛上居住食海员数千英里了他们的独木舟,遵循星星,年代的天空颜色和太阳,云的形状,和在场的鸟类使航班出海寻找食物。第一个到达的人在岛上在公元499年。然而,它把他们载在洋流就不会将他们带回。他们被困,到了那里,不能离开。雕像的波里尼西亚人可能关心自己,可能是宗教的象征。

到目前为止,已经发现了887雕像在岛上。然而,很少有雕像目的进行了目的地。其余的被遗弃在前进的道路上。

这些雕像看起来已凿墙的顶部边缘的一个火山岛。雕像后,它可能被包裹或者拖累基地的火山爆发。接着它被放到公义、绳索都绑到它。使用一个滑轮系统,这座雕像是移动到其预定的目的地。在颠峰时期,食死徒岛的人口被认为已经达到了11000。最终,岛上的资源已疲惫不堪,人们以诉诸食人,吃另一个。工作在雕像停了下来,这些雕像都是打翻了。当第一个欧洲人终于到了在岛上,大多数人的小伙子绝种。

23。当岛和是谁发现的? 24岁。谁是这篇文章中提到的建造雕像尽可能的吗? 25。什么是真正的岛上的人根据这一段吗? 26岁。还多少雕像带到他们的特定的目的地吗? 5。下列哪项是最合适的标题一段吗? 带钥匙的家伙:一个2.B3。维4。维5 B 参考

岛上的资源已疲惫不堪,人们以诉诸食人,吃对方。当第一个欧洲人终于到了在岛上,大多数人的小伙子绝种。

VI。进一步的听力和口语

Task1:马蹄铁作为一个好运气的征兆 脚本

马蹄铁是一个传统的好运气的征兆。大多数人都相信这种来自于这样一个事实:马蹄形状像新月,一个繁荣的时期和好运。一个传说中的恶魔化了装在大型和徘徊,寻找麻烦。他碰巧呼吁Dunstan领取,shoeing ea熟练的马。摩根Dunstan公认的魔鬼把他捆在一堵墙,只带着他的脚自由移动。然后,他开始工作shoeing把他当成一匹马,但这样的粗糙度魔鬼喊求饶。摩根Dunstan停下他的工作和释放后魔鬼发誓再也不让他进入一个家,马蹄铁被修复。巫婆恐惧马,所以他们也就变成了一个门上安装马蹄铁。对于大的问题是他们是否应该马蹄铁悬挂点或分的情况下。

原迷信是马蹄是保持好运点从倾泻而出的时候。尽管这一观点大多数的建筑物,在他们的标志悬挂马蹄铁相反的方向。马蹄铁在拉斯维加斯的赌场以弧形马蹄铁挂在上面。他们可能希望他们的客户好运气用光了,但这通常是在你不是你登广告标志。马蹄钉的手指环据说是远离坏运气。同时,两个马蹄铁在一起是说抢劫都能给你带来好运。22。根据本文,新月代表什么? 23。摩根做什么魔鬼? 24岁。魔鬼承诺了什么? 25。什么是大的问题,关于马蹄铁吗? 26岁。为什么马蹄铁的弧度的拉斯维加斯赌场? 答案:1。一个2。C 3。C5.B D 4.任务2:迷信或真正的厄运吗? 脚本

琼:镜子递给我,好吗?我去看看我的妆就可以了。

迪克:唔,!对不起,我把它掉在地上了…但是是你或我得到了7年的坏运气吗? 琼:你,我希望,但我们俩都不可能。我想知道到哪里,”老妇人讲的故事无论如何形成。迪克:曾经有许多迷信:黑猫、梯子、编号。我的父母和祖父母都充满了他们。

琼:我同意你的看法。今天的人们比以前更受过教育。这些迷信只是有趣的拼凑的历史而不是信仰,你不这么认为吗? 迪克:也许吧,但有些人今天还在走。人们的生活越来越多地依靠luck-like专业运动员,或他们迷信的例程。

琼:它的懊丧。我听说过运动员穿袜子的黄金宝地幸运或奖牌带给他们好运气。迪克:让我们不要忘了幸运数字。我们都知道number4、6和8在中国。琼:我知道4死亡和8是一笔财富,但第六的意义是什么? 迪克:6代表好运。有些人在他们的电子邮件地址包括6个只是为了好运气。琼:也许我们并不像我们认为我们是聪明的。

迪克:嗯,有许多事情是我们无法控制的宇宙中,这也就是为什么人们都是迷信的。答案:TTFFT Task3:工作的转变, 脚本

在非洲有一个国王有一个亲密的朋友,他长大的。朋友是一种习惯的看着他的生活中的每个情况,说,“这是好!” 一天国王和他的朋友外出打猎。朋友会负荷和准备枪王。朋友显然已经做错了什么事的一个枪支的准备,因为他的朋友带枪,国王开除,他的拇指被吹离了。检查情况,像往常一样的朋友说:“这很好!“王回答说:“不,这是不太好!“和他的朋友又打发到监狱。

在大约一年以后,国王在打猎的区域,他应该知道,去停留在清明。食人族抓获,然后带他到他们的村子。他们把他绑在危险包围木头。当他们就近放火烧了木头,他们注意到,国王有且只有一个拇指。被迷信,他们再也没有吃过任何人低于整体。于是他们把国王自由。

当他回到家,他想起了该事件,拿走了他的拇指,感觉很糟,抱歉了他的治疗他的朋友。他立即到监狱说他的朋友。“你是对的,”他说,“这是非常好的,我的大拇指被风吹脱下来。”然后他道歉了,“我很抱歉给你监狱呆这么长时间。这是对我不好做这件事。” “不,”他的朋友答道,“这是好!”

“你这是什么意思,”这是好的' ?这怎么可能好,我送给你,我的好朋友,监禁吗?” “如果我没有在监狱里的人,我就会与你吃了!” 参考

1。他有个习惯,看着他的生活中的每个情况,说,“这是好!” 2。服药后的枪,国王和他的拇指解雇它被风吹掉了。

3。他们将王的自由,因为迷信,他们再也没有吃过任何人低于整体 4。他同情他的朋友去监狱向他道歉。5。如果他没有在监狱里的人,我就会与你吃

第四篇：新视野大学英语视听说教程2_听力答案

Unit 1 Roll over, Beethoven!

II Listening skills

1-5: B B D C A

III Listening in

Task 1: 1-5: F T F T F

Task 2: 1-5: B B D A C

Task 3: 1-5: classical, peaceful, relaxing, Jazz, sadness

6-10: heavy metal, energy, sporting events, physical labor, road accidents

V Let’s talk

1-8: Good Morning to All, success, musical talents, without, second part, replaced, legal action, real owners

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-6: special, joke, talent, proud, loud, joy

7-12: honesty, dancer, talk, wondered, capture, fan

Task 2: 1-5: B A A D C

Task 3: 1-5: F F T T T

Unit 2 What’s on at the cinema?

II Listening skills

1-5: A D B C B

III Listening in

Task 1: 1-5: director, sound effects, good story, think, sad 6-9: violent, light-hearted movies, mystery movie, in the future Task 2: 1-5: D C D A B

Task 3: 1-5: film, directors, actors, important, the United Kingdom 6-10: viewers, 40 million, Olympic, World Cup, time

11-15: artistic value, depth, Best Picture, favor, science fiction V Let’s talk

1-5: A B C D D

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-5: memorizing lines, remember one line, I hear the guns roar, a loud boom, forgot his line

Task 2: 1-5: A C C A D

Task 3: 1-5: F T F T F

Unit 3 Every Jack has his Jill!

II Listening skills

1-5: B A A A A

III Listening in

Task 1: 1-5: go out, flaming red, crush, chicken, likes

6-9: guts, turn him down, keeping everything, tell her

Task 2: 1-5: early, late teens, Double-dating, Group dating, marry 6-9: Adult dating, hardly, Blind date, never

Task 3: 3-2-1-5-9-7-6-4-8

V Let’s talk

1-5: B B C D A

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-4: B D C A

Task 2: 1-5: the young man’s plans, a nice house, God will provide for us, Don’t worry, sir, play the role of God

Task 3: 1-5: F F T T F

Unit 4 Beware of ads

II Listening skills

Good to the last drop.—Maxwell coffee

Make yourself heard.—Ericsson mobile phone

Obey your thirst.—Sprite soda drink

We lead.Others copy.—Ricoh photocopier

No business to small, no problem too big.—IBM company

Drivers wanted.—Volkswagen car

Don’t leave home without it.—American Express credit card

She works while you rest.—A washing machine

III Listening in

Task 1: 1-7: shoes, funny, a lot of life, ad, extra spring, money, tall man

8-13: millions of dollars, for nothing, reach the top, hard work, focus on, forget

Task 2: 1-5: F T F F T

Task 3: 1-5: A B B C C

V Let’s talk

1-5: T F T F T

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-5: banned tobacco/cigarette ads, young people smoking

cigarettes, ways around the law, new customers, old ones, smoking on campus

Task 2: 1-5: A C B D D

Task 3: 1-5: F T F T F

Unit 5 Does your best friend have four legs?

II Listening skills

1-5: A B B D C

III Listening in

Task 1: 4-1-3-5-2-6

Task 2: 1-5: A D B C C

Task 3: 1-5: C D B A C

V Let’s talk

1-6: five dollars, chops, worst/lowest quality, barked, finest, money

7-12: own/have, followed, apartment house, third floor, scratched on, door

13-18: yelled at, stop, smartest/cleverest, lamb chops, looked at, his key

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-5: a dog, delighted/pleased, one of her friends, be close, interview

6-9: warn, smell, foretell/predict, a chicken

Task 2: 1-5: C B C D D

Task 3: 1.in the theater

2.a ticket

3.well-trained, intelligent, human

4.any problem, leave the theater, any other dog

5.let the dog in, almost empty

Unit 6 What’s in fashion?

II Listening skills

Dialog 1: D, The first girl(The girl who wears the short skirt)Dialog 2: B, No, she hasn’t.III Listening in

Task 1: 1-4: looks funny, looks fine, out of fashion, good on her 5-7: out-dated, following the fashion trends, no wonder

Task 2: 1-5: fashionable clothes, trends, copied, traditional center, are guarded

6-10: July, great numbers, a high price, starting point, only a part Task 3: 1-5: D A C B C

V Let’s talk

1-5: different and daring, Teenagers, their legs, shorter and shorter, five inches

6-10: loose morals, never appear, look childlike, women’s liberation, traditional

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-5: T F T F F

Task 2: 1-7: nervous, afraid, first time, locker, blanket, come out, wore Task 3: 1-4: new clothes, full of clothes, university tuition, clothes in fashion

5-7: the Middle Ages, part-time job, not too expensive

Unit 7 Does money talk?

II Listening skills

1-5: B A A D B

III Listening in

Task 1: 1-5: banker, loan, saving, save, spend, mortgage, property, property values, risen/gone up/increased by 30 percent

Task 2: 1-5: A B D C C

Task 3: 1-5: F T F T F

V Let’s talk

1-7: money, all his money, promise, in the casket, sitting, next to, close 8-14: box, locked, foolish, all that money, go back on her word, put the money, check

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-7: the beggar, needed help, careful, a job, a hard time, waste, good luck

Task 2: 1-5: D C B D A

Task 3: 1-5: T F F T T

Unit 8 Crime does pay!

II Listening skills

1-6: First, not only, but also, Also, Instead, More importantly 7-11: though, Moreover, In fact, Last but not least, for example III Listening in

Task 1: 1-5: F T F T F

Task 2: 1-5: B D C A C

Task 3: 1-6: give out, number, online, sites, credit card, low 7-11: outgoing, thieves, offers, mailbox, front door

V Let’s talk

4-5-6-7-3-2-1

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1.freeze

2.tall, shorter, red jacket

3.his gun, open, the rest of the people

4.key, safe

5.calm, a medal

Task 2: 1-5: A D C D B

Task 3: 1-5: F T T F F

Unit 9 Are you safe today?

II Listening skills

1-6: crashing into, at least three, dozens more, big hole, danger, 32 7-12: 68, 5:48, 18 minutes, terrorism, four, the pilot

III Listening in

Task 1: 1-5: T F T F F

Task 2: 1-5: D A B C C

Task 3: 1-7: candle, couple, six, 190 people, 1,500, 15 percent, nearly 5 percent

8-13: about 1 percent, 700 percent, burning candle, away, at least a foot, children and pets

V Let’s talk

1-5: lost it for drunk driving, stole the car and killed the owner, in the trunk, horrified, calls for backup, I was speeding, too

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-5: 120°, burns, candles, blow them out, electrical appliances 6-10: flickering lights, smoke alarm, floor plan, exits

Task 2: 1-5: A C C B D

Task 3: 1-5: emergency 911, had broken down, woman passenger, No.15, 15 miles

6-9: ambulance, the operator, calm and warm, a boy

Unit 10 Want freedom from fear?

II Listening skills

1-8: take off, land, representative, how a plane flies, stays on the ground, short flight, increase, another city

III Listening in

Task 1: 1-5: go camping, planning to go, the mountains, the most beautiful, drive

6-11: heights, wonderful views, skip the climbing, clean up, fun, overcome Task 2: 1-5: T F F T F

Task 3: 1-5: C D B A A

V Let’s talk

1-5: a school examination, the basement, shopping, steps, frightened 6-10: come in, the window, toy gun, upstairs, take the dog

11-14: have heard, the window, her parents, dial the number

VI Further listening and speaking

Task 1: 1-6: first prize, software competition, a trip to, fly, turns, goes pale, a cold sweat, some medicines, cause, a lot of trouble Task 2: 1-5: A C D B A

Task 3: 1-5: T T F F T

第五篇：新标准大学英语_视听说教程3原文及翻译

Unit 1 Inside View Conversation 1 Janet: Hi, it’s me again, Janet Li.I’m still a student at the University of Oxford in England.But I’m not in Oxford right now.And I haven’t gone back home to China either.It’s the long vacation now, and believe it or not, it’s the middle of summer.I’m spending my summer in one of the world’s greatest cities.I’m in London, home to the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Tower Bridge…and the double-decker bus.I want to find out what it’s like to live in this busy, lively city.So I’m working for London Time Off, a website about what’s on in London.This is Joe…, he’s my boss, and this is Andy, who is a reporter.And what’s my job? Well, I don’t know yet, because it’s my first day.But I’m meant to be shadowing Andy, oh, what I mean is, I’m going to be helping him.So can you tell me something about London, Andy? Andy: It’s the greatest city in the world..Joe: Except for New York!Andy: New York? Don’t make me laugh!Joe: And your point is…? Andy: Look, if you want my opinion, London is greater than New York… Joe: No, I don’t want your opinion, thank you very much.It’s a fact.Andy: A fact!Are you serious? Janet: And here we are in London, probably the greatest city in the world.Andy: What? Probably? Excuse me, I prefer to deal with this myself… Joe: Ah, dream on, Andy………

珍妮特：嗨，又是我，珍妮特.李。我目前还是一位英国牛津大学的学生，但我现在不在牛津，也还没有回中国的家。现在在放长假，而且不管你信不信，现在是夏天的中期。我现在正在世界上最棒的城市之一里度过我的夏天。我在伦敦，它是英国国会大厦、大本钟、塔桥…和双层巴士的故乡。我想知道住在如此热闹和生气勃勃的城市里是什么感觉。所以，我现在在为伦敦下班网效劳。它是一个报道伦敦时事的网站。这是乔，他是我的老板，而他是安迪，一位记者。我的工作是什么呢？这个我也不知道，因为今天是我的第一天，但我会注定跟随着安迪。喔，我的意思是，我将会协助他。那么安迪，你能告诉我一些关于伦敦的事情吗？ 安 迪： 伦敦是世界上最棒的城市。乔 ： 除了纽约以外！安 迪： 纽约？别逗我笑了！乔 ： 那你的观点是… ? 安 迪： 注意，如果你真的需要我的观点，伦敦确实比纽约棒… 乔 ： 不，我不需要你的观点，非常感谢！这是事实！安 迪： 事实！你是当真的吗？

珍妮特：我们现在在伦敦，或许是世界上最棒的城市。安 迪： 什么？或许？对不起，我宁可自己处理这个…

乔 ： 啊，安迪，继续做你的美梦吧...Conversation 2 Janet：So when did you start working at London Time Off?

Andy: About a year ago.Janet: And I hope you don’t mind my asking ,but do you like working here? Andy: Yes, I love it.I mean, Joe and I get along quite well.He drives me crazy sometimes, because he’s my boss, and I wish I earned a bit more money, but…I think my job is really cool, because I get to see everything that’s happening in London.And I didn’t want to join the rat race.Janet: What do you mean by the rat race? Andy: You know, doing the same thing day in day out, and not doing anything creative, or having any time to enjoy life.It’s the last thing I want to do.Janet: So do you mind telling me what you do exactly? Andy: Basically, we check out new events on the London music scene, you know, new clubs, the latest plays and films, as well as exhibitions in galleries and museums.Then we go and film interviews with the musicians or the actors, or anyone who has anything to do with the event.Janet: Ok, then what happens? Andy: We edit the interviews, and then we upload it all onto the website.We get 200,000 hits a week.We’re London’s biggest listings site.Janet: Can I ask you something else? Andy: Fire away.Janet: What are we going to do now? Andy: I need to go back to my flat, and get my research.Then we’ve got an interview to do.Let’s get the tube back to my place.Janet: And what about Joe? Andy: Well, he’s supposed to be on his way to the National Theatre, to do an interview with the director of a new play.But I kind of hope he gets lost on the way.Then he’ll discover what a great place London is.Janet: I don’t understand.Andy: I’m joking!Come on, let’s go!

珍妮特：那么你是什么开始在伦敦下班网上班的呢？ 安 迪： 大约一年前。

珍妮特：我希望你不要介意我的发问，你喜欢在这里工作吗？

安 迪： 是，我非常喜欢。我的意思是，乔跟我相处得挺好的。虽然有时我快被他搞疯了，因为他是我的老板，而且我又希望能多赚点钱，但…我认为我的工作是十分有趣的，因为我能够看到伦敦正在发生的事情。再说，我不愿意自己处在商业中无意义的竞争里。珍妮特：你说的商业中无意义的竞争是什么意思？

安 迪： 你知道，日复一日地做着同样的事情并且不做任何有创意的事或拥有任何可以享受生活的时间。这是我最不想做的事情。

珍妮特：那你介意告诉我你具体都做些什么吗？

安 迪： 基本上，除了新的俱乐部、最新的戏剧和电影，还有美术馆和博物馆里的展览，你知道，我们会关注伦敦乐坛的新动向。然后，我们去采访音乐家或演员或任何与此事件有关的人并将此采访的内容录下来。

珍妮特：好的，那接下来呢？

安 迪： 我们编辑这些采访然后将它们全部都上传到网站上。我们一周就取得了二十万个网路点击数。我们是伦敦最大的数据站点。珍妮特：我能问你其他事情吗？ 安 迪： 尽管问吧。

珍妮特：我们现在要做什么？

安 迪： 我需要回到我的公寓去拿我的研究调查。然后，我们得去做个采访。让我们乘地铁到我家去吧。珍妮特：那乔怎么办？

安 迪： 他现在应该在去国家剧院的路上。他要去给一位新戏剧的导演做个采访。但我有点儿希望他在途中迷路。然后，他将会发现伦敦是多么棒的一个地方。珍妮特：我不明白。

安 迪： 我是在开玩笑！快点，我们走吧！

Outside view Happiness is not what most students have in mind when they think of school.Yet a school in Germany has developed a novel way to raise the morale of its students, by teaching happiness in classes.Students at Heidelberg’s Willy Hellpach School of Economics are learning how to achieve happiness as an official subject, alongside mathematics and languages.This is the first school in Germany to develop a happiness course, intended for 17-to 19-year-olds preparing for university entrance exams.Ernst Fritz-Schubert, the school’s principal, is on a mission to change things.Ernst Fritz-Schubert: It was my idea-I’ve been at this school for 31 years, and I feel that school and happiness have to be reunited.These are two terms which are not considered together, because one does not connect school with happiness.In some cases school comes behind the dentists on the popularity scale and we should try to push schools’ popularity a bit.It has been proved by science that a happy student can learn more than an unhappy one, Unhappy students can concentrate for a while but do not use all their potential.The happiness classes are intended to help students fulfill their potential.They will help the students live happy and prosperous lives.The classes aim to help students in achieving a positive state of mind, by using all their own resources and boosting their self-esteem.In addition, they hope classes will increase self-awareness and physical comfort.Happiness classes are also intended to make students more aware about their environment and society as a whole.During classes students are encouraged to express themselves and observe their peers’ behavior.The classes are taught by Bjoern Bonn, an actor and visiting lecturer.Bjoern Bonn: One of the exercises I do is to have one of the students walk across the classroom, with the others copying his walk.Through this exercise, I hope they learn something about themselves.Why do I move like this? How do others see my way of walking? I hope that with a higher body awareness they ideally –of course it will take time-achieve a higher self-consciousness which could lead to happiness.Wolfgang Lang: We give these classes to students to help them find happiness.Now the question is: How do I define happiness? Happiness is for example a strengthening of the personality.We are providing helpful suggestions to make stronger people.People that ask‚Who am I as a person? Am I really happy?‛

Pascal Gemble: It takes time and everybody has to find happiness for themselves.You cannot go into a coaching lesson and say teach me happiness.One can only get indications from teachers or the visiting lecturers.There are also happiness scientists, if we could talk to one of those, I am sure he would have some hints.Yosma Pinar Cetinkaya: You would think that the teachers are writing definitions on the board.Not true.Those who want happiness have to find it for themselves, you cannot really learn that.So what does it take to be happy and can you learn it at school?

当学生想起学校，快乐不是多数人想到的。目前，德国一所学校已经创造了一种新颖的通过在课堂上教授快乐的方法来提升其学生们的精神面貌。Heidelberg ‘s Willy Hellpach School of Economics 正在研究怎样将快乐实现为与数学和语言一样的官方课程。这是德国第一家开设快乐课程的学校，意欲为17至19岁的学生作高考的准备。

Ernst Fritz-Schubert,学校的校长，肩负着变革的使命。

Ernst Fritz-Schubert：‚这是我的想法—我已经在这所学校呆了31年，我认为学校和快乐必须被重组，这是不被认为该在一起的两部分，因为学生不把学校与快乐联系起来。在某些情况下，学校在受欢迎程度上落后于牙医，我们应该努力推动学校的受欢迎度。

科学已经证明一个快乐的学生能比一个不快乐的学生学到更多。不快乐的学生能在一段时间内集中注意力，但不能发挥他们所有的潜力，这些快乐课程致力于帮助学生发挥他们的潜能，能帮学生生活在快乐繁荣的生活中。‛

这种课程旨在帮助学生们通过用他们自己的特长和激励他们的自尊来达到思想的积极状态。另外，他们希望课程会增加自觉意识和身体素质，快乐课程还致力于让学生意识到环境与社会是作为一个整体存在。课堂期间学生被鼓励表达自我和关注同伴的行为，课程由演员和客座讲师 Bjoern Bonn讲授。Bjoern Bonn：‚我做的其中一个练习是让学生走过教室，其他学生模仿他的步伐。通过这个练习，我希望他们从自己身上学得一些东西‘为什么我像这样行动？其他人怎样评价我走路的方式？’我希望伴随着更高的身体意识他们原则上——当然这需要时间——实现更高的抵达快乐的自我意识。‛ Wolfgang Lang：‚我们为学生们开设这些课程来帮助他们找寻快乐，现在问题是：我该如何给快乐下定义？比如快乐是个性的加强。我们正提供有帮助的建议来使学生更强健，学生会问：我是一个怎样的人？我真的高兴吗？‛

Pascal Gembe：‚这需要花时间，每个人必须为自己找寻快乐，你不可能去一个训练课说：‘教给我快乐’。一个学生只能从教师或客座讲师那得到暗示，另外也有研究快乐的科学家，如果我们能与他们之一交流，我确信他能给一些暗示。‛

Yosma Pinar Cetinkaya：‚你会认为老师在黑板上写下快乐的定义，那不正确。哪些想得到快乐的学生必须为他们自己寻找，你不能真正通过学习得到。‛

既然如此，得到快乐的代价是什么？你能在学校学到它吗？

Listening in Passage one Interviewer: Can you tell me…how do you think you have changed as you have matured?What things have had a major influence on you? Speaker 1 : Well, let me think…I suppose going to university had a big impact on my life.It made me much more open-minded.I met so many different types of people there with weird and wonderful ideas and it changed the way I see the world.I’m much more tolerant now… It made me a more rounded person.Interviewer: Great, and had any particular person had a central role in forming your character? Speaker 1: I guess that’d have to be my grandfather.I was very close to him, and he taught me to stand up for my beliefs.He was always telling me about this… Interviewer: So what people or events have had an impact on your life? Speaker 2: I think that traveling my gap year made me grow up and see both the beauty of the world and, well…just the generosity of ordinary people.I traveled a lot around Asia and you know, I found that in some of the poorest countries, like Cambodia and Laos, people share whatever little they have, and they possess a real joy for life.It’s probably made me a less selfish person.Interviewer: Interesting…so you would recommend that young people take a gap year to discover themselves and the world? Speaker 2: Definitely.It gives you an opportunity o learn about the world beyond the one you grew up in and I found it really…

Interviewer: Could you tell me what things in your life have had the greatest influence in forming your personality? Speaker 3: Well…a couple of years ago I was on a reality TV show where a group of young people all lived in a house together.Each week some one was voted off by the audience.I got down to the final three!I suppose being on the show and seeing how the other contestants behaved made me realize how selfish and spiteful some people can be just to get what they want.I also realized it’s best to just be yourself in life.If you pretend to be someone different people will eventually see through the lies.Interviewer: Right…And how did you feel when you were eventually voted off? Speaker 3: Relieved, to be honest with you.But you know, a slight regret that I didn’t win because I kind of…

Interviewer: So you can tell me, what one thing do you think that has had the biggest impact on your life? Speaker 4: Hmm, that’s a difficult question.But I think helping victims of the tsunami in 202_ had a very great impact on me.I’m half Thai and I’d just arrived in Thailand for a family Christmas holiday.When I heard the news I knew I had to help-you couldn’t not.I ended up acting as an interpreter for a group of volunteer doctors.It was an incredibly difficult time but you know, even in the middle of such a horrific tragedy there is still a huge amount of genuine human kindness.Interviewer: That’s amazing!And has it changed the way you view your future…

采访者 你能不能告诉我…你认为在你渐渐成熟的过程中产生了怎样的变化呢？什么事情对你产生了主要的影响？

发言人1 嗯，让我想想… 我认为上大学对我的生活产生了重大的影响。大学生活让我的思想更加开明。我在那遇到了太多不同类型的人，他们有着奇特而又令人称赞的想法。这让我改变了我看世界的方式。我现在宽容多了… 上大学让我成为了一个更加全面的人。

采访者 太棒了…那有没有一些特殊的人在你的性格塑造上产生主要影响呢？

受访者1 我觉得这个人应该是我的祖父。我和他非常亲近，是他教会了我要坚持自己的信仰。他总是这么和我说…

采访者 那什么人或事对你的生活产生了重要的影响呢？

受访者2 我认为在我的空档年旅行让我逐渐成长，让我同时看见了世界的美丽和…单单是普通人的慷慨。我去亚洲游玩了很多地方，你知道的，我发现在一些最贫困的国家，像柬埔寨和老挝，人们会分享

他们所拥有的一切，无论多少。因此他们拥有对生活最真的快乐。这很可能让我成为一个不那么自私的人。

采访者：很有趣。所以你建议年轻人在大学前的那一年里去发现自己和整个世界么？

受访者2:：当然了，它能够给你一个机会去了解你生活环境之外的世界，而且我觉得它很…… 采访者：你介意告诉我，在你的生活中，什么事情对你的人格的形成起了最重要的影响么？

受访者3：恩，几年前，我参加一个电视真人秀的时候，年轻人都住在同一个房子里。每一个星期，都会有人根据观众的投票而离开。我坚持到了最后三名！我想通过参加这次活动，以及观察其他参赛者的行为，让我认识到了一个人为了达到他的目的，可以多么的自私与居心叵测。同时我也认识到了在生活中，最好做自己。如果你试图去做其他不同于自己的人，别人最终会看穿这个谎言。采访者：那么，当你最后被投票要离开的时候，你是什么感觉？

受访者3：说实话，我感觉如释重负。但是你知道，还会有一点儿遗憾，我有些…… 采访者：那么你可以告诉我，在你的生活中，什么事情对你起到了最大的影响么？

受访者4：恩，这是个很难回答的问题。但是我想在202_年的时候帮助海啸受难者给我了巨大的影响。我有一半的泰国血统，那时我刚刚到达泰国去参加家庭的圣诞聚会。当我听到这个消息的时候，我知道我必须去帮助他们——你不可能什么都不做。我最终成为一名医生小组的口译员。那是一个十分艰难的时期，但是你知道，即使是在这样巨大的灾难之中，仍然会有很多人性的善良。采访者：真的很震惊！那么它改变了你对未来的想法么？

Passage two Tony: Talking to us today in our Life Choices series is Joan Robinson, an academic counselor at Manchester University.She gives advice to school students on choosing the right subject to study at university.Joan, welcome to the show.Joan: Thanks Tony.Tony: So Joan, what do our listeners need to think about when choosing a course? It’s a huge, potentially life-changing decision, isn’t it?

Joan: Yes.I generally give students advice in two areas.Firstly, know yourself, and secondly, think to the future.Tony: When you say ‚know yourself‛ what do you mean?

Joan: Basically, I mean evaluate your own personal strengths and weaknesses, your personality traits and the things you like.Tony: I see…So how can our listeners do this?

Joan: Well, start by asking yourself questions to help reflect on your life so far.For example, what subjects are you good at? Are you an organized and self-disciplined person? Are you confident and outgoing? Do you like working with others in a team or do you prefer working alone? These kinds of questions will help you discover more about yourself.Tony: Sounds like good advice.How about your second point regarding the future? Joan: Well, your choice of major subject is likely to have a significant impact on your future career so it’s important to look into this carefully.I recommend you check not only which academic subjects will help you get into a particular area of work, but also look carefully at what universities offer.Each university has its strengths so try to choose one that is the best in your chosen field.Find out what links the department has to related industries and leading companies in it.Tony: Good point.Now I’d like to take some calls from our listeners.First up we have James on the line.Hi, James!How can we help?

James: Hi.I’m interested in career in IT and I’d like to ask Joan whether she thinks it’s better to go to a highly respected university, like Oxford, or to study somewhere that has more of a vocational focus? Joan: Well, James, you know it really depends on what you expect to get out of a university and how you see your future.Basically a handful of the brightest graduates are picked from the top universities around the world to join the leading IT companies.So I’d say if you’re a high-flyer then this is the route that might be for you.But if you are looking for a more mainstream career then you should consider a course that helps you acquire practical, transferable skills that you can use in the workplace…and look at which universities have the best levels of graduate recruitment for the kind of job you are aiming for.James: I see!Thanks a lot.That really helps me out…

Tony：今天我们生活选择栏目的嘉宾是曼彻斯特大学的学校顾问乔恩·罗宾逊。她将会给学生们一些在大学里如何去选择正确的学科的建议。乔恩,欢迎来到我们的节目。Joan: 谢谢，托尼。

Tony：那么乔恩，我们的听众在选择课程时需要考虑些什么？这是一个重大的，可能改变生活的选择，对吗？

Joan：是的。我一般给学生们两个方面的建议。第一，要了解自己；第二，要对未来持有看法。Tony：你说的‚了解自己‛，具体是什么意思？

Joan：基本上，我的意思是要评价自己的优缺点、性格特征和兴趣。Tony：明白。那么我们的听众要怎么做到这一点呢？

Joan：目前，要从自我反思开始。例如，你擅长哪一科？你是不是一个有条理的，能自律的人？你是不是自信的，开朗的？你喜欢在一个团队中与别人合作还是孤军奋战？这些问题能帮助你更多地了解自己。

Tony：听起来就是个好建议。那你的第二个关于未来的建议呢？

Joan：你选择的主修课程很有可能对你以后的工作有重大的影响，所以，仔细地对专业进行调查是很重要的。我要求的不仅仅是调查哪一个专业能让你找到好工作，而且要仔细地查阅一下学校提供的资源。每一所大学都有自己的特色，所以要试着选择在你选择范围内的最好的一所。并且要找到那一所大学与相关工厂和首席公司之间的关系。

Tony：好主意。现在我们进入到听众热线的环节。第一个连接上的听众是詹姆斯。詹姆斯你好！我们有什么能帮助你的？

James：你好。我对IT行业很感兴趣，我想问一下乔恩，她认为进入一所受到尊重的学校，例如牛津大学好，还是选择一所更加注重技术实践的学校好？

Joan：很好，詹姆斯，你知道这完全决定于你想要从大学里得到什么还有你对未来的看法。基本上，大把的精英都是从世界顶尖高校中被挑选出来进入到领先世界的IT公司工作。我想说，如果你是一个有野心的人，这可能是一条属于你的路。但是，如果你正在寻找主流行业，那么你应该考虑一门能帮助你锻炼在工作中有用处的实践能力与可传递能力的课程，和比较一下在哪一间大学里，你的目标专业的就业率最高。

James：明白了！非常感谢，这些建议真的让我豁然开朗。

Unit 2 Inside view Conversion 1 Janet Hey, look at that!It’s just like I’ve seen it in the films!Andy Welcome to London, my hometown.We are in Shoutwark, south of the river.there’s London bridge off to your left, and there’s Tower Bridge.Janet I’m really impressed.How old is it? Andy It’s only about 120 years old.Janet well, that’s quite old.Andy the London Docks used to be around this area.What happened was that about three or four times a day, they raised Tower Bridge, so the bigger ships could come right into London.But because they couldn’t go under London bridge, they had to stop and unload here.Janet Does Tower Bridge still open? Andy well, not so often.When I was a kid, I think I saw tower bridge go up fairy often, all the traffic had to wait for the ships to pass through the bridge.Anyway, just this side of London bridge were lots of warehouses, where they kept their cargo.But during the second world war, there was lots of bombing over London… Janet yes, I read about that…the Blitz? Andy that’s right.And even when I was a kid, I remember that many of the buildings were still damaged.But in the late 1980s and 90s, this whole area was redeveloped, you can see for yourself, it’s a trendy place to live now.Janet is the river thames still polluted? Andy well, it certainly used to be polluted.I remember it had a very distinctive smell, if you fell in, they used to take you to hospital.Janet that’s sounds revolting!Andy yes, but in the 1960s, they cleaned it up, and in fact it’s now one of the cleanest city rivers in the world.翻译：

珍妮特 嘿，看那！和我在电影里看到的一样啊！

安迪 欢迎来到我的故乡伦敦。我们现在是在河的南边---southwark,在你的左边是伦敦大桥，那边是

伦敦塔桥。

珍妮特 真让人叹为观止啊！他有多长的历史了? 安迪 只有大概120年吧。珍妮特 已经很久了。

安迪 轮的码头以前就在这附近，他们以前每天都会吧塔桥升起来三四次，以便让大船进入伦敦，但船又不能通过伦敦大桥，所以只能在这停下来下货了。珍妮特 塔桥现在还会开放吗？

安迪 嗯，偶尔吧。我小的时候经常看到塔桥升起来，当时所有的车都会停下来等桥下的船通过。伦敦桥这边还有许多他们用来存放货物的仓库，但伦敦在二战期间遭到了许多轰炸。珍妮特 是的，我在书上看到过，德国空袭，对吧？

安迪 没错，甚至在我小的时候，还有许多遗留下来的被毁建筑，但在80年代后期到90年代，这边整个区域都重建了。你看，现在这已经是一个很时髦的居住地了！珍妮特 泰晤士河现在还是污染的吗？

安迪 以前是，记得以前这有股很特别的味道，你一旦掉下去，就会被送去医院。珍妮特 听起来有点恶心。

安迪 是的，但60年代已经被清理干净了，实际上它现在已经是世界上最干净的河流之一了。

Conversion 2 Janet It is very different from the parts of London I know.Andy The thing about Southwark is that it’s a typical suburb of London, full of old buildings and shops.And this is where I grew up.I used to live in that building there.Janet It’s amazing.It looks very old.Andy Yes, it’s about 80 years old Janet And where did you go to school? Andy Let me see.Yes , it was about a mile away from here.From about the age of eight, I used to go by bike.We all made our way to school on our own, meeting up with friends along the way until there was a large gang of us kids as we got closer to school.These days parents are much more protective and take their kids to school by car.It’s safer, but it’s not as much fun.Anyway …where was I? Janet You were telling me about your schooldays.Andy That’s right.Anyway, I stayed at school until I was 16,and then I went to a college of further education, and did my A levels.And after that, I decided to go to university.Janet Your parents must have been proud of you.Andy Yes, I think so.I was the first person in my family to go to uni.Janet That’s fascinating.Andy And what about you? Janet Oh, it was a typical childhood in Anshan, nothing much to tell.Andy But I have no idea what a typical childhood is like in China.Janet OK, I will tell you.Let me think…

Andy Oh, hang on!Do you mind waiting here for a minute? Let me go up to my flat and get my research, and then you can tell me about it while we’re on our way back to the studio.Janet OK Andy Back in a minute…

珍妮特 这和我看到的伦敦的其他地方很不一样啊。

安迪 守特瓦是一个很典型的伦敦郊区，这有许多古老的建筑和商场。这是我长大的地方，我以前就住在那栋楼里。

珍妮特 哇！看起来很古老。安迪 是的，有大概80年了吧。珍妮特 对了，你去哪上学的？

安迪 让我想想… 对了，离这大概一里远。八岁起我就开始骑车上学，我们都是自己去的。一路上我们会碰到很多同学，到学校的时候已经是一大帮人了。而现在的父母过度的保护自己的孩子，每天送他们上学，这当然安全些，不过没有趣。而且……我说道哪了？ 珍妮特 你在讲你的学生时代。

安迪 对了，而且我在学校呆到16岁后又进了进修学校，并且参加了大学入学考试。后来我又决定上大学了。

珍妮特 你父母一定为你感到骄傲吧！

安迪 我想是吧，在家里我是第一个上大学的。珍妮特 你太棒了。安迪 你呢？你怎么样？

珍妮特 噢，那是在鞍山一个很典型的童年，没什么太多可讲。安迪 但还不知道在中国典型的童年是什么样的啊！珍妮特 好吧，我来告诉你，让我想想……

安迪 噢，你先停下，在这等我一下好吗？我先回宿舍拿下调研资料，然后在回录音室的路上你再慢慢讲给我听。珍妮特 好吧。安迪 我马上回来。

Outside view HELP THE CHILDREN Around the world,many children are living in poverty.Many children live in countries where there's war.Many children do not get enough to eat.Some of these children are suffering from malnutrition.Many children in the world can’t go to school.One agency that is helping these children is UNICEF.UNICEF means the United Nations Children's Fund.UNICEF has more than seven thousand people working and one hundred and fifty_seven countries around the world to help children.One country where they are doing a great deal of work is Afghanistan.A whole generation of children in Afghanistan has never known peace,until recently.Now UNICEF is bringing food for malnourished children.They're bringing medicine.Here A medical team travels on horseback to bring medicine to a remote mountain village.And UNICEF is helping the children get an education.“During the time of Taliban ,we have made a survey among 40000 kids.And ,they all say that the first thing they want is peace,and the second thing that they want is ,was education.”The Taliban destroyed almost 202_ schools.Under the Taliban ,girls weren't allowed to attend school at all.“Well,over 50 percent of the school has been destroyed completely,in the rest of the 50 percent schools which,eh,eh,needs repair.We are trying to accommodate all the children in the schools.”Some of these schools are in people's home.This is a home school in Kabul.The teacher,Habiba Kilwati,has been running the school for 12 years.She supervises 26 other schools like it.“We want to learn,so wo can become teachers,doctors,or engineers,and be like normal students.”It was dangerous

for children to go to school.Under the Taliban,police punished families whose children went to school.Today,children are happy to be in school.“This morning I had some tea and an egg,and came to school.I have notebooks ,pencils,erasers,and friends,and fun here.‚UNICEF is helping rebuild the educational system in Afghanistan in many ways.UNICEF is helping to train teachers.They're rebuilding schools,they're printing textbooks,and delivering books and other supplies to schools.This girls school was closed under the Taliban.Now,it's opening again.It has room for 960 students.These girls are happy to be back to school.”I'm very disappointed and sad that I wasted six years.There was no education then.I tried to study then with my parents,but it's not the same.It wasn't so bad,but now I'm much happier because the schools are reopening.“"We plan to open the schools,and get these children enrolled,and back in school,and to give them back their education so they can read and write.”“When the Taliban came to power and closed the schools,girls stayed at home.Now there's an oppotunity for them to continue their education.We are very happy about this.We can be proud of our girls,our young people.They can go back to school.UNICEF is working on its mission to bring food,medinine and education to the children of Afganistan.In the process,they're also bringing hope.帮助儿童

当今世界，很多儿童生活在贫困中。他们生存在充满战争的国家。很多孩子食不果腹。他们中的一些人甚至营养不良。他们不能上学。UNICEF是一个帮助这些孩子们的组织，是各个国家联合帮助儿童的机构。现有700人在这里工作，157个国家联合帮助这些儿童。其中需要做最多工作的国家是阿富汗。这里的孩子们甚至从不了解和平，直到不久前。现在UNICEF为营养不良的儿童们带来了食物和药。医疗队骑马为遥远山村里的人们送去药物。并且，他们还帮助孩子们重获教育。‚在塔利班时期，我们在40000孩子中做了调查。他们都说最渴望的事情是和平，然后是教育。‛塔利班摧毁了将近202_个校园。在这形式下，女孩们根本不允许上学。‚多于一半的学校被完全摧毁，另一半的，则需要重修。我们正努力使孩子们都能上学。‛一些学校设在人们家里。这是一个在喀布尔的家庭学校。这位教师Habiba Kilwati，已经管理这家学校12年了。她像这样同时主管其他26所学校。‚我们想学习，这样我们可以成为教师，医生，或者工程师，就像其他正常的学生一样。‛孩子们上学其实是很危险的。在塔利班控制下，警方会惩罚那些有孩子上学的家庭。现在，孩子们因为能上学而高兴。

‛今天早上我喝了一些茶吃了一个鸡蛋，然后来上学。我有笔记本，铅笔，橡皮和伙伴们，而且还有快乐！‛在阿富汗UNICEF正通过许多方式来帮助重建教育系统，并培养教师。他们重修校园，印刷教材，并给学校发书和其他所需物品。这是一所因塔利班而被迫关闭的女生学校。现在，它又开放了。它可容纳960个学生。女孩们因可以重返校园而开心。‚我因浪费了6年时光而感到沮丧和伤心。那时没有教育，我只能向我父母学习，但现在不一样。虽然跟父母学习不是非常糟糕，因为现在学校重新开放我非常开心。‛‚我们打算开放校园，让孩子们入学，重返校园，并给他们教育使他们可以读书和写字。‛当塔利班执政并关闭学校时，女孩们只能呆在家里。现在这是他们的机会去继续学业。我们因此而非常欣慰。我为我们年经的女孩，年轻的孩子们感到骄傲，他们可以重返学校。UNICEF不断尽职负责的工作，给阿富汗的孩子们带来食物，药物和教育。在这过程中，他们不断给予了希望。

Listening in Passage1 One of the strangest feelings I’ve ever had was when I returned by chance to a place where I’d

been happy as a child.My husband and I were visiting some friends for the weekend-----they lived about 200 kilometers away.We were driving along when I suddenly saw a church in the distance that I recognized.My favorite aunt had lived very near it on a farm that my brother and I used to visit once a year with our parents.We were city kids, brought up in the middle of London, and this was a working farm-----the real thing-----with cows in cowsheds, fields with ponds and a muddy yard full of smelly pigs-----we had the run of the whole place-----it was just paradise for us.And then-----there was the food-----home-made jam and bread and cakes, milk fresh from the cow.And my aunt Lottie-----a farmer’s wife-----and her husband, uncle George and their kids, Katie and Ben, our two cousins who my brother and I really got on with.It was heaven that week we used to spend there.They moved from the farm when I was… how old?-----about 14.So I’d never been back or seen it again.Anyway, there we were, and I’d just seen the church-----, so we turned off and drove down this really narrow lane.And before I knew it we were in front of Aunt Lottie’s farm.The extraordinary thing was that it hadn’t changed------not one tiny bit.It was a lovely old place with a typical country cottage garden, full of flowers.There were lots of barns and sheds-----they were next to-----next to the farm.And you know, I can’t even begin to describe the feeling I had standing there.It was-----oh, what was it? an incredibly powerful feeling of longing-----nostalgia for the past-----for times I’d been very very happy.But it was the past.I hadn’t been there for 20 years and I couldn’t go back, so also I had a feeling of huge sadness, that I couldn’t have those times again.And-----at the same time-----great sweetness, because those times had been so happy, so innocent-----because I was a child.So there was this extraordinary mix-----of longing, sadness and sweetness, all at the same time.It was the strangest feeling I’ve ever had.译文：

我曾经有过的最奇怪感觉就是当我偶然间来到我童年时十分快乐的地方。当时我和丈夫在周末去看望朋友们，他们都住在200公里外的地方。就在我们沿路开车的时候，我突然看见了在远处有个熟悉的教堂，我最爱的婶婶曾经住在附近的农场，爸妈每年都带我和哥哥去那里。

我们我无法再拥有曾经的那段时光。但同时，我心中又如此甜蜜，只因那时的我是那样开在伦敦市中心长大，是城里的孩子，而这个农场又是一个真正的劳作的农场，那里有住着奶牛的牛舍，带池塘的耕地，满是臭猪的泥院子。我们在整个农场里疯跑，那里就像是我们的天堂。

然后，就是吃的，有自制的果酱、面包、蛋糕和刚挤出的新鲜的牛奶。我的婶婶Lottie和她的丈夫，也就是我的叔叔，以及他们的孩子-----我们的两个侄子Katie和Ben，我和哥哥跟他们都相处很好。那里是我们曾经渡过每一天的天堂。但是，他们从农场搬走了，当我，呃，多大的时候？呃….大概是14岁的时候吧。所以我再也没回去过或是看见过。

无论怎样，我们来了，我又看见了那个教堂，于是我们转弯开进这条很窄的小道。但我们不知道的是我们到了Lottie的农场前面，更加奇妙的是它没有变，一点儿也没有。

那是一个可爱的有着满是鲜花的旧式传统乡村别墅花园。很多很多的仓库和小屋，一个一个的在农场附近。你要知道，我甚至不知如何描述我站在那里的心情。那种心情，哦，是什么心情？一种难以置信的强烈的留恋-----对过去的留恋------对曾经美好时光的留恋。然而，那已成为过往，我已经离开那里20年了，我之后也从没回去过，所以我仍有一种很强的失落感，因为心，那样天真，只因我那时是个孩子。所以我心中同时拥有了一种及其奇妙的情感的混合，留恋，失落，甜蜜。那是我所拥有的最奇怪的感觉了。

Passage2 Script Interviewer: So what's your first memory of school, Kevin? Kevin: I was really looking forward to school, I remember that, I just couldn't wait.Yeah, Johnny, my brother, was a year older than me and he seemed so grown-up, with his red blazer and smart shoes.And I wanted to go to school and be grown-up too.I don't remember much of the first day actually, apart from this little boy lying on the floor and screaming and screaming and me thinking what a baby he was.Interviewer: Right!What about you, Eva? Eva: I just have this one memory of this coat rack with all our coats.And I was looking for my peg which had a little picture of an elephant next to it.I remember I was crying because I wanted to go home and I couldn't get my coat on.I was crying so much and then the teacher came and helped me.Interviewer: OK, so what about your first best friend at school? Kevin: Oh, yeah, well, Steve, I remember him, because he's still my best friend!Interviewer: Still your best friend!Eva: That's so great!Kevin: Yeah, we didn't know each other before we started school but we became really good friends and so did our mums.Our families ended up going on holiday together and that kind of thing.But we used to fight a lot, Steve and I, and the teachers used to get very cross with us.But we were just having fun.Interviewer: Cool!And what about you, Eva? Eva: My best friend was a girl called Robina.She had short blond hair, I remember I thought she looks like an angel.We sat next to each other and held hands and played fairies in the playground.She left in Year 3 and I cried for days.Interviewer: Oh, how sad!So what about the day you left school? How was that? Eva: I had a lot of mixed feelings, I remember walking home with this amazing feeling of freedom, you know, no more rules, no more bossy teachers.But I also felt pretty sad, because I'd had some good times.I was in a group of girls who were so supportive of each other.Kevin: I couldn't wait to leave, I was counting the days.I just wanted to get a job, get a life, earn some cash.The day I left, I went out to celebrate with a couple of my mates and--had a very good time!翻译

采访人：那么你对学校的第一印象是什么呢，凯文？

凯文：我真的很期待去学校，我记得当时我都等不及了。是的，我哥哥强尼只比我大一岁，但他穿上他的红色夹克衫和时髦的鞋子，看上去那么成熟。于是我也想去学校，然后变得成熟起来。事实上我对开学第一天的印象不是很深，只记得有个小男孩躺在地板上不停地哭闹，我觉得他真像个小宝宝。采访人：是呀！那你呢，伊娃？

伊娃：我只对那个挂满我们外套的外衣架有记忆。那时我一直在找我的桩，它的旁边有一张大象的小图片。我记得当时我因为想回家却穿不上外套而哭的很厉害，以至于后来引来了老师帮我。采访人：好吧，那你们上学后第一个好朋友怎么样了？

凯文：嗯，史蒂夫，我记得他，因为他到现在还是我最好的朋友！

采访人；还是你最好的朋友！伊娃：那太好了！

凯文：是呀！我们在开学前并不认识，但无论我们俩还是我们的妈妈都成了好朋友。我们两家常常一起度假什么的。但以前史蒂夫和我两个人经常打架，老师也经常对我们发脾气。但我们还是觉得很开心。采访人：真酷！你呢，伊娃？

伊娃：我最好的朋友是一个叫罗比娜的女孩。她有一头金黄色短发。我记得当时我觉得她看上去像一个天使。我们坐在一起，一起举手回答老师的问题，一起在操场上玩耍。可是她在3年级的时候离开了，我为此哭了很多天。

采访人：噢，太令人伤心了！那么你们离开学校那天怎么样？是什么情况？

伊娃：我当时百感交集。我记得我走在回家路上时有一种惊人的自由感。你知道的，再也没有规矩，再也没有专横的老师们。但我还是非常难过，因为我也有过非常开心的时刻，我在一个互相支援的女孩群体之内。

凯文：那时候我等不及的要离开，甚至在数日子。我只想找到一份工作，好好生活，赚点钱。在我离开学校的那天，我和我的一群伙伴到外面去庆祝，并且玩得很开心！

UNIT3 Inside view conversation1 Janet: So where are we now? Andy: This is the West End.It’s famous for cinemas and theatres.I used to work in a theatre near here.Janet: Really? What did you do? Andy: I moved the scenery between acts in the play.If I’m not mistaken, I worked on Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw Janet: If I remember correctly.That was made into a musical film, wasn’t it? My Fair Lady? I remember seeing it on TV.(Phone ringing)Andy: Oh, oh, it’s Joe.(Andy picked up the phone)Andy: Hey!...Yes, we’re on our way…I don’t think we’re that late.Chill out Joe, we’ll be there.(Andy hung up the phone)Andy: Anyway, come on, we’d better get a move on.Janet: How far is it from here?

Andy: It’s not far.Maybe five minutes’ walk.Joe gets cross if I’m late.Joe: Hello Janet, hello Andy.Late as usual.Andy: Actually, by my watch, I’m bang on time.Joe: Well let’s get on with it.This is Toby Jenkins, the theatre critic.Toby: Nice to meet you, are you ready to start? Andy: Hang on a minute!Janet, can you check the sound level? Can you hear me ok ,Janet？Janet? Janet: Hi Andy, I can’t hear you.What’s up? Andy: Can you hear me now? Janet: Ouch!Yes, that’s much louder.Joe: Let’s stop wasting time please.Just get on with the interview, will you? Janet: 那么，我们现在在哪？

Andy: 这是伦敦西区, 他因影院、戏院而出名.。我曾在这附近的一家戏院里工作过。.Janet: 真的？你当时做什么？

Andy: 我在一出剧中的幕间移动布景，如果我没搞错的话，我参与的是皮革马利翁这出戏的工作，剧本是由萧伯纳写的。

Janet: 如果我没记错的话。它被改编成了一部歌舞片，不是吗？——《窈窕淑女》,我记得在电视上看过这片。（电话响了）

Andy: 噢，Joe打来的。(Andy 接起电话)Andy: 嗨…对，我们已经在路上了。我不觉得我们真的像你说的那么晚.。别紧张Joe, 我们会到那的。（Andy挂了电话）

Andy: 不管怎样，快点把，我们最好动身了。Janet: 这里离目的地多远？

Andy: 不远，可能走五分钟就到了，我们迟到的话，Joe会生气的。Joe: Janet、Andy你们好啊，你们还是像往常一样迟到了。Andy: 事实上，照我的表来看，我们到的正准时。

Joe: 算了，我们别说这个了。这位是剧评家Toby Jenkin Toby: 很高兴见到你，你准备好开始采访了吗？

Andy: 等一下，Janet，你能检查一下音量吗？你听得请我说话吗Janet？Janet? Janet: 嗨Andy, 我听不见你说话，怎么回事？ Andy: 现在听得见吗？

Janet: 哎呀…听见了，清楚多了

Joe: 拜托，咱们别浪费时间了。快点开始采访，行不？

Conversation2 Andy: And we’ve got Toby Jenkins here with us today, who has just been to see the latest show at The Hippodrome La Clique.So La Clique is slightly different from the usual shows we see here in the West End these days.Can you tell me something about it, Toby? Toby: Yes, It’s a kind of cabaret, with a series of variety acts set in a kind of circus, but it’s very contemporary, extremely well produced and huge fun..Andy: Tell me more about the acts.Toby: Well, there are stunts performed on a high wire, and puppets.There’s a sword swallower and juggler, and a rubber man who manages to pass his whole body through a tennis racquet.Andy: It sounds very unusual.Toby: Yes, for the West End today, but not so unusual for 30 or more years ago.Andy: So, It’s family entertainment then? Toby: Ah, no.I’m afraid it’s pretty adult, but very funny and stylish.Andy: Did you get that ok, Janet? Joe: Let me have a listen…

Janet: Oh no, did I do some thing wrong? Joe: Well, It’s just that I can’t hear anything.Let’s try again…

Andy: Did you remember to keep an eye on the sound levels? That meter, there!.Janet: Oh no, I clean forgot.Andy: It’s Ok.We’ll just do another take.Joe: Come on you two.Hurry up!Janet: I’m so sorry.It slipped my mind.Joe: You’ll forget your own head one day.Sorry about this, Toby.From the top, please.Andy: And we’ve got Toby Jenkins here with us today…

Andy: 今天我们很荣幸地邀请到Toby Jenkins接受我们的采访, 他刚刚在The Hippodrome剧院看了最新公演的La Clique。那么，La Clique和我们近期在伦敦西区看的表演略微有点不同，能就这一点和我们谈谈吗？

Toby: 好的，这算是一种余兴节目,在某种马戏表演中穿插一系列演出,但这些演出都是非常有时代性的，制作精良，而且很有趣。.Andy: 能更多地谈谈那些演出吗？

Toby: 好的，其中有杂耍演员在高空钢丝上的表演、有木偶表演、吞剑表演、魔术表演、还有个柔韧性很好的人从一个网球拍中成功地钻了过去。Andy: 听起来确实很特别。

Toby: 是的，对于现在的伦敦西区来说是很特别, 但对于三十多年前来说，就没那么特别了。Andy: 所以说，这是老少咸宜的娱乐形式喽？

Toby: 不，恐怕这更适合成年人，但确实很流行、也很有趣。.Andy: Janet，这些你都录好了吗? Joe: 让我听听看

Janet: 哦不，我做错什么了吗？

Joe: 问题是，我什么都听不见啊。我们再试一次.Andy: 你有留心音量控制器吗? 就是那个表。Janet: 哦不，我忘得一干二净 Andy: 没事，我们再录一次就行了 Joe: 快呀你们两个！快点！Janet: 太抱歉了，我一不小心忘了.Joe: 没准哪天你连自己的脑袋都忘了。Toby,我们对此感到很抱歉，请从头开始。.Andy: 今天我们很荣幸地邀请到Toby Jenkins接受我们的采访……

Outside View The Mona Lisa, the most famous painting in the world, was trully revolutionary even in its time.While he was painting the Mona Lisa, Leonardo da Vinci broke all the rules, even his own.In spite of the fact that Leonardo and other aritists believed that women should only be portrayed with eyes gazing slightly down.Leonodo painted the Mona Lisa looking directly

at the viewer.The positon of her body is another innovation.While her face looks straight ahead, her body is slight turned, a pose that creates a sense of movement and tension.In another break from tradition, the Mona Lisa is not wearing any jewellery or adorments.Finally, backgrounds in portraits usually indicated a real place but the landscape in Leonardo’s portrait seems almost imaginary.A:One of the things I like to do is, um, think about her face and why, what is she trying, why, what is she trying to say with her face and I used to think that her face told more than one story.For instance, if I covered up one side of her face, it seemed like she might be a little sad or resevered, almost secretive.S:Her eyes are, they’re kind of looking at us or around us, through us perhaps.I think with that painting she is the viewer and we are the subject in a way.And she has this look that she knows somehting that we don’t know.A:And then when I coverd up that side and looked at the other side, she seemed happier, um, more satisfied.And togher, it created sort of the mystery about her that, um, made interpreting her face very enigmatic.S:There’s speculation that the Mona Lisa is a self-portrait of Leonardo and I, I believe that it is, there, there, the features do line up between the Mona Lisa and sketches of Leonardo.Scott McMahon and Anne Pfaff are both portrait artists.They believe that portraits can tell a story and make people think, just as the Mona Lisa has done for so many years.A:When I was young, um, I was always interested in, um, reading books about people and, and the dynamics, different kinds of relationships they had and so when I became a painter it was natural for me to be interested in painting poeple and looking for similar kinds of stories to tell about them that you might read in a book.S:Uh, most of my work consists of photographic self-portraiture.Um, I’m interested in using myself as th subject, um, not only as the creator of the image but as the, the character, or the performer of, of the images.So in my portraits I’m trying to capture, um, a deeper essence of a person, um, more or less.This work here is done with a pinhole camera, which requires a very long exposure so, with a portrait you can get this feeling of time passed.It’s not a, it’s not an instant, per se, it could be five minutes of exposure.A:So this is another project I’m working on.I’m almost finished with it but I still need to work on the reflections in the wather, um, and the face of the boy before it’s finished.S:I often work with multiples and, you know, using a mirror or the same image twice and what I wanted to do was link the two portraits together with the string.It’s kind of the string of thought or this idea of remembering or the resilience of memory.A:I don’t just paint from photographs.I try to make a work of art.Um, I try to make a painting that goes beyond a mere photographic image.I try to capture something about the soul of the, or the essence of this person.S:This piece here is, uh, it’s called The Measure of Decay and behind the piece there are portraits, again, of me I have this clay covering on that has cracked and so it’s, it’s kind of like the process of decay.So as each portrait goes around you can, you can see the image in a different focus.I love painting portraits.A:I love painting but portraits are very special because they’re about people.S:I’m fascinated by portraiture in general, and the human body and how the image lives over time.I like to capture what is unique and special about an inpidual in paint.蒙娜丽莎，作为世界上做最著名的画，在当时的时代是完完全全颠覆性的。列奥纳多·达·芬奇在创作这幅画的时候突破了一切的规则限制，甚至是他自己的。在达芬奇创作的这幅画中，尽管他其他广大艺术家都认在画像中妇女只能以眼睛微向下看的姿态出现，可是他仍然将蒙娜丽莎画为直视着看画者。她的身体则是另外一个突破。当她的脸是对着正前方的时候，她的身体略微转过一个角度，这个姿势将一种动感和张力结合到了一起。另外一个突破传统的就是蒙娜丽莎没有佩戴任何的珠宝或者是装饰品。最后一点，肖像画的背景通常指向一个真实的地点，而列奥纳多的肖像画的背景看起来都是梦幻一般的。

安普法夫：我喜欢做的一件事情是，恩，思考她的脸还有为什么她是这样的姿态，她想通过她的脸传达什么，我曾认为她的脸告诉我们不止一个故事。比如说，如果我遮起她的脸的一边儿，她看起来会有些悲伤或者说是沉默寡言的，几乎是遮遮掩掩的。

斯科特麦克马洪：她的眼睛是那种像看着我们，又像看着我们周围，或许还是穿过了我们。在一定程度上，我想在这幅画中，她是旁观者，而我们却成了画的主题。她的这种表情仿佛表示出她知道某些我们不知道的事情。

安普法夫：而后当我遮起她的另一边脸看刚才一边的时候，她看起来快乐一些，恩，或者说更满足的。整体一起看的时候，它又有一种关于她的神秘感，恩，让理解她的脸变的难以捉摸。

斯科特麦克马洪：有一种猜测说蒙娜丽莎这幅画是达芬奇的自画像，而我认为，这些特点是集合了蒙娜丽莎还有达芬奇的素描。

斯科特麦克马洪和安普法夫都是肖像画艺术家。他们认为肖像画可以讲述一个故事而且令人深思，就像多年前蒙娜丽莎这幅画的作用一样。

安普法夫：当我年轻的时候，恩，我喜欢，恩，读关于人的书，还有关于人的相互关系的，他们之间各种各样的关系，所以当我成为一个画家的时候，很自然地我会去关注画人还有在书中找寻相似的故事去讲述它们。

斯科特麦克马洪：恩，我的大部分工作由摄影自画像组成。恩，我很乐意将自己作为主题，恩，不仅仅是画的创作者，而且是画的主角或者是表演者。所以在我的肖像画作品中，我试图去抓住，恩，或多或少一个人的更深层的本质。这儿的这个工作需要借助针孔摄像机完成，它需要很长的曝光时间，所以你可以在这个肖像画的过程中感受到时间的流逝。它并不是，并不是一个瞬间的，它本身可以是五分钟的曝光时间。

安普法夫：这是我正在进行的另一个作品。我几乎快要完成了，可是在真正完成之前仍然有一些工作，比如说水的反射，恩，还有这男孩儿的脸。

斯科特麦克马洪：你知道的，我工作的时候经常和倍数打交道，还有用镜子或者相同的东西两次，我所想要做的是将两幅肖像用一根线联系起来。那是一种思想的线，或者说是记忆，还有记忆的重现。安普法夫：我不仅仅是按照图片作画。我试图做关于艺术的工作。恩，我试着画一种超越了仅仅是图片的画。我试着捕捉一些关于人的灵魂或者是关于人的本质的东西。

斯科特麦克马洪：这里的东西，恩，叫做衰退的测量，在这张陶土的后面是一些肖像，再一次，我将陶土中间弄碎，所以它是，它像是一种衰退的过程。所以，当每一幅肖像转动的时候，你可以，你可以在不同的焦点上看这些画。

安普法夫：我喜爱画肖像画。我喜欢画画但是肖像画是非常特殊的，因为它们是关于人的。

斯科特麦克马洪：我通常被肖像艺术所吸引，还有人的躯体和这些画是如何在岁月中存活下来。我喜欢在画中捕捉一些独特的东西还有有关个体的一些特质。

Listening in conversation 1 Lily: So what was the highlight of your trip to(South)Korea? Hugh: Well that's…let me see...it's got to be going to see Nanta.Lily： What on earth is Nanta?

Hugh：It's this amazing live show-part theater-part dance-part music.Lily: Sounds really interesting.But why’s it so brilliant? Hugh: I think it's the energy of the performers.Also it has a unique concept.It's a mixture of traditional Korean music, percussion and drums, into a western style performance Lily: I've never heard of it.Has it ever been performed in the West? Hugh: Yeah, it's been a sell-out.They've toured in over 30 countries since the show began in 1997.It's a non-verbal performance so there are no language barriers.That's what's made it an international success.Lily: What else makes it so special then? Hugh: Well...the other thing is that all the action takes place in the kitchen.You see these four chefs preparing the food for a wedding reception.The performers use knives, dustbin lids and various other kitchen utensils to create a hypnotic soundtrack.The food literally flies everywhere!It's hilarious.Lily: That sounds quite funny I must admit.Is there an actual story though? Hugh: Oh yes, there is a story.The four chefs have to prepare the meal by 6 o'clock and they also have to give the manager's nephew cooking lessons too, which adds to the fun.There’s loads of audience participation and despite there being no language involved you get completely engrossed.It's really quite wacky!Lily: And what about the audience? I suppose they start throwing food around…? Hugh: Not quite!But they are totally involved in what's going on-everyone loves it.It's a really great family show.In fact it's one of the best shows I've ever seen.Jim, my friend, says he takes all his visitors.He's seen it about eight times and still loves it.Lily: I bet it's popular with tourists then.Hugh: Well apparently over a million foreign tourists in(South)Korea have seen the show and it's had a run on Broadway too.It first got popular after they appeared at the Edinburgh Festival.Now they are planning to tour more cities in Asia where(South)Korean popular culture is becoming incredibly trendy.Lily： By the way what does‚Nanta‛ mean?

Hugh：It means random drumming in Korean.The English name for the show is Cookin’, which gives you a clearer idea of what it's all about.Lily： You've got me interested now.I'll have to check it out on the internet.丽莉：这次你的韩国之行有什么让你难忘的事情么？ 休： 额。。让我想想。。应该是去看Nanta这件事吧。丽莉：到底什么是Nanta? 休： 他是个很精彩的舞台剧，应该说是戏剧，舞蹈以及音乐的大综合吧。丽莉：那听起来挺有意思啊。不过它为什么那么精彩？

休： 我想应该是因为演员们的活力吧。还有就是这个舞台剧本身包含一个很独特的概念。它是一种将传统朝鲜音乐，打击乐器和鼓融合进西方风格的表演 丽莉：我从来没有听说过她，这个节目在西方国家上映过么？

休： 当然，而且场场爆满。自1997年这个节目正式开始表演以来，Nanta的表演团队已经游遍了三十多个国家。Nanta是一个非语言类的表演，因此演员与观众之间不存在语言交流的障碍，而这恰恰就是让它在全球范围内取得成功的原因。丽莉：它还有什么让它变得如此特别的亮点？

休： 额。。说道其他的特点的话，应该就是表演中所有的事情都发生在厨房。你会看到4个主厨在厨房

中为准备婚宴餐点而忙碌。演员们用刀具，垃圾箱的盖子以及其他各式各样的厨具来制造出令人着迷的音效。舞台上的各种食物简直就是在飞来飞去，这很有意思的。丽莉：我承认，这听起来很有趣。但是表演内容中有没有一个完整的故事？

休： 有啊，那四个主厨必须在6点之前准备好婚宴晚餐，同时又要给经理的侄子上烹饪课，这些元素都使整部节目充满笑点。节目中还包含大量观众参与互动的环节，尽管节目与语言毫不相关，但每个人都全神贯注于其中。这真的有点古怪，不是么？

丽莉：来谈一谈观众们的反应吧，我猜他们一定开始四处仍食物了吧？

休： 并非完全如此。但他们确实全都沉浸在整部节目中，毕竟每个观众都喜爱它。这是一部非常适合家庭成员一起观看的表演。说实话，他是我所看过的节目中最好的节目之一。我的一个朋友Jim说，他会带他所有的客户来看这节目。他已经看过约8次了，却仍不厌烦。丽莉：我打赌它肯定很受旅客们的喜爱

休： 恩。。显然，成百上千到韩国旅游的游客都看过这部节目，而且nanta也在百老汇上演过。当初，Nanta在爱丁堡的庆典上开始受到世人的瞩目。而现在，Nanta节目组正准备在更多的亚洲城市进行巡演，韩国的流行文化显然在这些地方十分地受欢迎。丽莉：顺便问一下，Nanta是什么意思？

休： 在韩国，它是胡乱击鼓的意思。他的英文名是Cookin’s,英文名可以让你更好地理解这个节目的主题。

丽莉：好吧，你的话激起了我对他的兴趣。我要上网查一查它了

Listening in Conversation 2 Interviewer: Kathy Richards is a specialist art tour guide.Kathy-can you tell us what trends you've noticed in recent years? Kathy: Well, one of the biggest phenomena I've noticed is a huge increase in visitors to galleries-and a growing interest in modern art in general.Interviewer: What do you think the reason is for that? Kathy: Well, there are several reasons, I think.The most important ones are firstly, that some new contemporary art galleries have opened which have had a lot of publicity, and secondly the younger generation feel more comfortable with modern art so the kind of people visiting galleries is changing.Finally, the new generation of galleries have become destinations in themselves...they tend to be housed in amazing buildings.Interviewer: So which are the most popular new galleries? Kathy: Well, the Tate Modern in London has had over 30 million visitors since it opened in 202_.The annual average is now over 4.5 million.The Museum of Modern Art, or MoMA in New York is an older gallery, it was founded in 1929 but has been recently renovated and expanded.This work was finished in 202_ and it had over 2.5 million visitors in the first year after reopening.Another very successful new gallery is the Guggenheim in Bilbao in Spain.It opened in 1997 and now gets about a million visitors a year.Interviewer: Those are pretty impressive figures.Maybe the fact that the Tate Modern is free to visit might have something to do with it? Kathy: It's true that entrance to the permanent collection is free but the numbers of people visiting the temporary exhibition are also high-and the entrance fee is usually about ten pounds.Interviewer: Do you have to pay to get into the other galleries you mentioned?

Kathy: Oh yes.You do.Admission to MoMA is 20 US dollars and the Guggenheim in Bilbao costs eight euros.Interviewer: Do people mind paying, do you think? Kathy: No, I don't think they do mind.Most people feel the fees are reasonable considering the outstanding collections of priceless works of art that they get to see.Interviewer: You mentioned that the buildings that art galleries are in can be an attraction themselves these days...Kathy: Well, yes, the Guggenheim has literally revitalized the whole city and put Bilbao on the tourist map.It's got a futuristic, curvy metallic structure and people love it.The Tate Modern has helped redevelop an old industrial area beside the River Thames.The gallery itself is actually inside a huge , old, brick power station.And MoMA is interesting as it's in downtown New York.Interviewer: And who visits these galleries? What's the profile of the average art lover? Kathy: Well, in the past museums and galleries were seen as appealing to the older generation.But in fact, 48 percent of visitors to the Tate Modern are under 35...采访者：凯西·理查是专业的艺术导游。凯西，你能告诉我们你所注意到的这方面近几年来的趋势吗？ 凯西： 好的，我所观察到的最重要的现象之一是：到美术馆参观的人数剧增，公众对现代艺术的兴趣更浓厚了。

采访者：你认为产生这种现象的原因是什么呢？

凯西： 我认为，有以下几点原因。最重要的是，首先，一些当代开放的新型美术馆宣传有力；其次，参观人员逐渐年轻化——新一代更能接受现代艺术；最后，新的美术馆本身也成为了参观者的目的地之一，因为画作大都被陈列于令人惊叹的建筑物中。采访者：那么，哪些新型美术馆是最受欢迎的呢？

凯西： 伦敦的泰特现代美术馆自从202_年开放以来已经拥有超过3000万的访客总数，而它现在每年的平均参观人数超过450万。纽约的现代艺术博物馆，或者我们叫它MoMA，是一所历史悠久的美术馆。它于1929年建立，但是最近进行了修葺和扩建。其整修于202_年完工。自它重新对公众开放后，第一年就有超过250万的参观者。还有一所非常成功的新型美术馆，它就是坐落在西班牙毕尔巴鄂市的古根海姆博物馆。它于1997年建成，并拥有每年100万的游客量。

采访者：真是些令人咋舌的数字。泰特现代美术馆所拥有的惊人访客量与它的免费开放有什么关联吗？ 凯西： 去参观长期的馆藏画作的确是免费的，但是参观临时展品的游客依然众多，虽然票价通常在10英镑左右。

采访者：那么，人们去刚才你所提到的另两所美术馆需要门票吗？

凯西： 噢，是的，当然需要。MoMA需要20美元，而古根海姆博物馆需要8欧元。采访者：你认为参观者们在乎这样高昂的票价吗？

凯西： 不，我不认为他们介意。大多数人们认为，考虑到那些他们即将看到的优秀而无价的收藏品与艺术品，这样的价格是合理的。

采访者：你刚才的话中提到，那些保存有杰出画作的建筑，在现在同样具有吸引力。

凯西： 是的，像古根海姆博物馆，它在毕尔巴鄂的出现简直赋予整座城市以新的活力，并且令这座城市出现在了旅游地图上。人们喜欢它那充满未来主义气息的曲线型金属结构。泰特美术馆则帮助泰晤士河畔的老工业区重获生机，其本身，便是由一个有一定历史的大型砖石结构发电厂改建而成。至于MoMA则很有趣，因为它坐落于纽约的市中心。

采访者：那么来美术馆参观的一般是些什么人呢？这些艺术爱好者们大致上的分布情况又是怎样呢？ 凯西： 在过去，博物馆和美术馆被认为是老一代的‚专利‛，但事实上，泰特美术馆48%的参观者年龄都在35岁以下……

Unit4 Inside view Conversation 1 Joe: So, you’re all set for the interview with Janet’s Chinese friend? Andy: Sure, we’re meeting him tomorrow at midday.Joe: And Janet, you’re OK to give Andy a hand?

Janet: Yes.Thank you very much for giving me another chance after last week.Joe: Just remind me...why are we interviewing this guy? Andy: It’s part of our background series to ethnic restaurants in London.We did Indian last month.Joe: OK, well, just remember that there’s no such thing as a free lunch!Now, anything else we need to do for next week’s guide?

Andy: We’ve got the upcoming London Video Games Festival in Trafalgar Square.Joe: Video games? In Trafalgar Square? Andy: Yes, about 100,000 people attended last year.Janet: But how did they do that outdoors? Andy: Well, they put up a huge tent ,and there were demos of the latest game software to try out.Janet: Is that the kind of event that we usually cover on London Time off? Andy: Sure, why not? It’s very popular!Remember our slogan: the essential guide to going out and staying in.Joe: Let’s plan something for that...Can we try to think about something which will go with it? You know，something along the lines of how ways of getting music and TV into our homes have changed.Andy: You mean people download music instead of buying CDs? Joe: Yes, or on how many people check out the music on You Tube first.That all sounds very promising.Maybe we can run a feature on traditional entertainment and new technology.Look, I’ll let you get on with the rest of the planning and we’ll speak after lunch.Joe: 那么，你们都要前往采访Janet的中国朋友？ Andy: 当然，我们约好明天中午见面。Joe: Janet,你能做好Andy的助手吧?

Janet: 嗯，经历上周那件事后，很感谢你还能再给我一次机会.Joe: 这正好提醒了我，为什么我们要采访这个家伙? Andy: 这是伦敦源民俗餐馆系列的一部分，我们上个月完成了印度那部分。

Joe: 好的，不过记住‚天下没有免费的午餐‛！现在，对于下周的导航节目我们还有什么事要做吗？ Andy: 我们打算做关于即将在特拉法尔加广场举行的伦敦节的内容。Joe: 电子游戏? 在特拉法尔加广场? Andy: 是的，去年将近100，000人参加了呢。Janet: 但是他们是怎么在户外举办这次这场活动的呢？

Andy: 他们搭建大的帐篷，那里有许多最新的游戏软件的示范产品可供试玩。Janet: 它就是那种我们经常在伦敦假日上报道的事吗？

Andy: 当然，可不就是嘛。它非常流行，记住我们的口号：出门或居家，我们都不可或缺。

Joe: 让我们计划一下。尝试想一下什么东西可以与之相匹配。你知道的，现在获取音乐和电视节目的方式已经改变了。

Andy: 你的意思是说人们通过下载音乐而不是购买CD来获取音乐？

Joe: 是的，或者说关于现在有多少人在You Tube试听音乐。这些听起来都很不错。或许我们可以做一个关于传统娱乐方式和现代科技的特别报道。我会让你们跟进剩余的计划。我们吃完饭再谈

Conversation 2 Janet: Going back to technology and tradition...why not we do something on the rise of e-book readers? Andy: That’s a good idea.They’re not like books.They’re more like hand-held computers.Janet: But the trouble is, every time I read a book on-screen, it hurts my eyes.Andy: Yes, but the great thing about them is you’ll never run out of things to read!Janet: But there is nothing quite like a good old-fashioned book.Andy: Maybe, but don’t you read more words online than on paper? I’m sure I do.Janet: Excuse me.I’d better check this.Andy: And you read more text messages than anyone else!Joe: Is someone using mobile in here? Can’t you understand the sign? I’m doing a recording in the other studio, and I’m picking up the electronic signal.Janet: Oh, it’s my fault.I should have realized...Andy: That serves you right!Janet: Oh no, I keep making such a mess of things!Andy: Just ignore him!It’s no big deal!

Janet: But what you’re saying about e-readers, that’s a good lead-in to a report on how new technology is changing so fast.Andy: It’s good, smart thinking, Janet!Janet: And I also messed up the recording with Toby Jenkins.Andy: Forget about it, Janet!Everyone could have done that.Joe started the recording before I had time to adjust the level.It wasn’t your fault.Anyway, somebody once said, technology doesn’t run an enterprise, relationships do.Don’t beat yourself up about it.Janet: I suppose that’s true.Well, I’ll make sure I get it right next time.Janet: 回到科技与传统这个话题，我们何不在电子阅读器的增长这方面做些研究。Andy: 好主意，它们看起来并不像书，而更像是掌上电脑。

Janet: 但是缺点是，每当我在电子屏幕前看书，眼睛就会觉得刺痛。

Andy: 是的。但是他们也有个突出的优点，你永远不用为没有阅读材料而发愁。Janet: 但是他们始终比不上传统的好书。

Andy: 或许吧。但难道你不觉得你在网络上的阅读量远大于在纸上的吗？我觉得是这样的。Janet: 不好意思，我最好还是看一下。Andy: 而且你能比其他人阅读更多的文本信息。

Joe: 有人在使用移动电话吗？拿到你看不懂这个标志？我正在工作室录音，需要接收电子信号呢。Janet: 噢，都是我的错。我本应该意识到的。。Andy: 这是你应得的待遇！

Janet: 唉，我为什么总是把事情弄的一团糟。Andy: 忽略他吧，这没什么大不了的。

Janet: 你刚说电子阅读器什么的。那是一个关于现代科技快速改变的报告的很好的引入。Andy: 非常好，你的思维很敏捷，Janet.Janet: 但是我同时也搞砸了Toby Jenkins的节目录制.Andy: 别把它放心上，Janet.每个人曾经都犯过这样的错误。在我还没来得及调整音量的时候Joe就已经开始录制节目了。这不是你的错。无论如何，曾有人说过，科技不能创造成功，而关系可以。所以不要过分自责。

Janet: 我希望如此。我下次会小心，不再犯这样的错误。

Outside view To fly like a bird.It’s a desire that captures the human imagination.The Greeks told stories of Daedalus, an inventor who created wings made of wax and feathers and flew.The first person who seriously tried to fly like a bird was an Italian artist and inventor, Leonardo da Vinci.Da Vinci designed complex and wondrous flying machines, but his designs never got off the ground.Early inventors, like da vinci, tried to fly by flapping, just like birds.Here is what happens when a bird flaps: When a bird flaps, thrust and lift and control are created at the same time.Lift is the force that keeps the bird elevated.Lift is generated by the air under the bird’s wings.Thrust is the force that keeps the bird moving forward.Thrust is generated by powerful muscles in the bird’s chest and wings.The bird maintains control by constantly adjusting its flapping.Much of a bird’s control is generated by its tail.A successful flying machine needed to provide the same forces that a bird used, A successful flying machine needed to provide lift to overcome gravity, control to let the driver change direction.And thrust to make it move forward.And it needed to be light enough to stay in the air.Once inventors understood these three challenges separately, and stopped trying to flap,they made progress.One inventor was the Brazilian pilot and aviator Alberto Santos-Dumont.Santos-Dumont experimented with balloons.He flew his lighter-than-air flying machines in France.In 1901, Santos-Dumont was the first to fly from Sant Cloud to the Eiffel Tower and back in a given time.Meanwhile other inventors were working on heavier-than-air flying machines.With these aircraft, lift was a big problem.German flyer, Otto Lilienthal, tackled the problem of lift.He built many large gliders, constantly refining their design.Lilienthal made thousands of flights from the top of a hill.Some that lasted as long as five hours.But he eventually died in a tragic crash.Lilienthal successfully mastered the challenge of lift, but he did not master the challenge of control.The Wright Brothers were inspired by Lilienthal’s inventions.The Wright Brothers started

to develop and test their own flying machines.In their Ohio workshop, they built a wind tunnel and study aerodynamics.Through trial and error, they discovered how the shapes of different wings affected lift.They added a tail that moved, a stabilizer that made the front steady, and wings that were more flexible.Their 1902 glider was the first aircraft that was completely controllable.The next year they added a customed-built engine that provided thrust.The engine powered them forward and increased distance and duration.On December 17th, 1903, after about 1000 text flights, the Wright Brothers flew the first powered airplane over the sand dunes of North Carolina.Santos-Dumont invented heavier-than-air planes, too.In 1909, he developed a monoplane called Demoiselle, or the Grass Hopper.It was the first modern aircraft.After that, advances in aircraft design came quickly.More powerful engines were invented.New lightweight materials were developed so aircraft could go higher and faster.By World War Two, strong metal replaced the canvas and wood of earlier planes.In 1947, text pilot Chuck Yeager went faster than the speed of sound in a rocket-powered plane that looked like a bullet with wings.The invention of the jet engine made even higher speeds possible and pushed aircraft design in new directions.But technology doesn’t always push to go faster.With new ultra-light materials, the human-powered gossamer makes it almost possible for people to fulfill the age-old desire and fly like a bird.像鸟一样飞。这种渴望激发了人类的想象力。希腊人讲述了有关代达拉斯的故事，他发明了用蜡和皮毛制作的翅膀并且飞了起来。第一个认真地尝试像鸟一样飞起来的人是意大利的艺术家、发明家李奥纳多达芬奇。达芬奇设计了一种复杂奇妙的飞行机器，但是他的设计从未实现。像达芬奇一样早期的发明家，试着通过鼓翼而飞，就像鸟一样。以下是当鸟拍打翅膀时发生的事：

当一只鸟拍打翅膀时，推力和升力以及对飞行的控制都在同时间产生。升力是保持鸟上升的力。它通过鸟翅膀下的空气流动产生。推力是保持鸟向前运动的力，它由在鸟胸部和翅膀上强有力的肌肉产生。鸟通过持续不断地调整摆翅从而维持对飞行的控制。一只鸟的飞行控制大部分是由它的尾巴实现的。一个成功的飞行机器需要上述要素。一个成功的飞行机器需要提供升力来克服重力，还能够操控好让驾驶员改变方向，并且要有推力使其前进。同时它还需要足够轻才能待在空中。一旦发明家们了解了这三个难题，并且停止继续尝试鼓翼的方法，他们就能够取得进步。有位发明家叫作Alberto Santos-Dumont，他是巴西的飞行员。他用气球做实验，在法国起飞他的轻飞行器。1901年，Santos-Dumont是第一个在规定时间内往返飞行于圣克劳德和埃菲尔铁塔的人。其间，其他的发明家也在努力研发着重飞行器。对于这些飞行器，升力是个巨大的问题。德国飞行家Otto Lilienthal克服了这个问题。他建造了许多大型的滑翔机，并且不断地改良着设计方案，在一山丘的顶上进行了成千上万次飞行实验，有些持续飞行了5小时之久。但是他最终在一次悲惨的撞击中去世了。Lilienthal 成功解决了升力的难题，可惜却没能掌握机身的控制。莱特兄弟被Lilienthal的发明所鼓舞，开始改进并测试他们自己的飞行器。在他们俄亥俄州的车间，他们建造了一个风洞和机翼模型，帮助他们了解学习空气动力学。通过无数的试验和错误，他们终于探索出不同形状的机翼是如何影响升力的。莱特兄弟们在飞机上增加了机尾，以及使前端更加稳定的稳定装置，并且使用了更加灵活柔韧的机翼。他们1902年发明的滑翔机是第一个能够完全可控的飞行器。次年他们添加了一个定制的引擎来提供推力。这个引擎为他们前进、增加飞行距离和飞行持续时间提供了动力。1903年12月17日，在将近1000次的试飞后，莱特兄弟在北卡罗纳州的沙丘上飞起了第一假机动飞机。Santos-Dumont也发明了重飞行器。1909年，他改进了单翼机，命名为Demoiselle或者叫Grass Hopper。它是第一架现代飞行器。在那以后，飞机的设计飞快地进步着。更多强劲的引擎被发明出来。新型轻型材料也改进了，以至于飞机能飞得更高更快。二战前，坚固的金属取代了早期飞机的帆布和木头。1947年，试飞员Chuck Yeager在一假长得像带翅膀的子弹的火箭推进动力飞机里飞得

比声音还快。喷气式引擎的发明使得更快的速度成为可能，同时促使飞机向新的方向设计。但是技术并不总是向更快迈进，借着超轻型材料的出现，如薄纱做的人力驱动飞机使得满足人们像鸟一样飞翔的夙愿成为可能。

Listening in Passage1 Traditional jobs like the chimney sweeps and coal miners from our history lessons don't really exist anymore.During the 20th century the number of people working in agriculture and manufacturing decreased significantly.In contrast, the number of people doing office-based jobs has more than doubled from 18 percent of the working population in 1901, to over 40 percent by the end of the 20th century.Modern society has changed the way we work but these changes are not always positive.They can also create problems we may not be aware of.What does the modern office mean for the nation's health, for example? Well，firstly, office jobs are sedentary.We're sitting at our desks all day working on computers.And this means we're not exercising our bodies in the way people used to when they did more traditional jobs.It's not surprising then that we're all putting on weight.In fact, a fifth of adults over 16 were classified as over weight in 202_.But there are other less obvious dangers connected with office work.Repetitive strain injury, or RSI, another disorders like muscle strain, neck and backache are a growing problem.It's estimated that in 202_, over a million people suffered from these kinds of health problems.As a result, 123 million working days were lost.The cause is simple: long periods spent sitting at the computer typing and using a mouse.Many companies now employ ergonomic experts to ensure staff are sitting correctly at their computers and take frequent breaks from typing to try and prevent injury.Another problem of the modern office is the building itself.People tend to feel tired and irritable after a day stuck inside a modern office and often get colds and flu.This phenomenon is known as ‚sick building syndrome” and it's caused by several factors.First of all, in many offices there is a lack of natural air and light.Secondly, within the enclosed space of an office environment, there is a high concentration of electronic devices.And as well as this, air-conditioning systems in large buildings recirculate the air around the office, carrying germs from workstation to workstation.Research suggests sick buildings syndrome can be found in roughly 30 percent of new or refurbished buildings.But there is some good news for office workers.A lot of companies are making efforts to improve office workplaces.They're installing better lighting and ventilation.They're increasing the number of plants.And they're encouraging employees to take regular breaks from their computers.So if anyone listening is in an office, take this simple advice: get up, have a stretch, open a window-if you can-and think of ways you can stay healthy in this most unnatural environment.类似打扫烟囱和挖掘煤矿这类出现在我们历史课本上的传统工作将不会继续存在下去。20世纪，从事农业和工业劳动的人数急剧减少。与之相反的是，在办公室里办公的人员人数从1901年仅占劳动力总数的18%增长到20世纪末的40%，翻了一倍。现代化的社会改变了我们的工作方式，但这些改变并不总是积极的。它们也可能产生一些我们意料之外的问题。

例如，现代化的办公对于国民的健康意味着什么呢？首先，办公室的工作往往缺少身体活动。我们常常坐在电脑前工作一整天。这就意味着我们没能像过去从事传统劳动人们那样在工作中锻炼我们的身体。

这样一来我们体重增加就没什么值得吃惊的了。事实上，在202_年16岁以上的成年人中有五分之一属于超重人群。

另外，还有一些由办公室工作带来的并不太明显的危险。例如重复性的肌肉拉伤和紧张劳损，还有一些其他的身体混乱症状例如肌肉拉伤，颈部以及背部的疼痛问题越来越多。据预计，在202_年，超过100万人将会遭受上述的健康问题，这将导致1230万个工作日的损失。造成这种现象的原因很简单：长期坐在电脑前打字和使用鼠标。

现在许多公司雇佣人类工程学专家来确保员工在电脑前坐姿正确并且在操作电脑中足够频繁地得到休息，以此避免长时间工作带来的伤痛。

在现代办公室中存在的另一个问题是办公室这个建筑物本身。人们常常在现代办公室里呆上一整天后感觉到疲劳和急躁，并且常常患感冒和流感。这个现象被称为‚室内空气综合症‛，它是由多种因素引发的。首先，在许多办公室中缺少自然的空气和阳光。其次，在办公室的封闭环境中聚集着大量电子设备。另外，在大型建筑中的空调系统使办公室中的空气不断循环，将病菌从一个工作区带到另一个工作区。研究指出，在大概30%的新建或翻新的办公室中存在室内空气综合症患者。

但这里也有一些关于办公室共工作人员的好消息。许多公司都在努力提升室内工作环境。他们正在提供更好的的照明和通风系统，增加室内植物的数量，并且鼓励员工在使用电脑的过程中有规律地休息。如果有人正在办公室里收听该文的话，请听从下述简单建议：站起来，伸展一下四肢，打开窗户（如果你做得到的话），然后想想你该怎么样在一个很不自然的环境下保持健康。

Passage 2 Karen: Jim, you’ve been a farmer for a long time.Can you explain how farming methods have changed? Jim: Well, in the past, most agriculture was small-scale and labour-intensive, and on the whole worked in harmony with nature.But in the last 50 years, things have changed dramatically, particularly in the industrialized world.Now 41 percent of the world’s farmland is managed intensively.Karen: And what does this mean in practice? Jim: You see, nowadays, most farms have high productivity which，in one sense, is a good thing.However, it can mean that vast areas are the farmed with the same crop.Hedgerows are removed and chemical pesticides and fertilizers used.This has a negative effect on the ecosystem and destroys other forms of natural vegetation and local wildlife.Karen: So do you think we are interfering too much with nature? Jim: Obviously farmers these days need to produce enough food at a reasonable price.But I think the problem is that modern agriculture encourages the use of a unlimited numbers of species of each crop.Some traditional varieties of apples or grains, for example, are becoming extinct.The new varieties of seed they sell need pesticides and fertilizers and aren’t as resilient to pests as many tradition varieties.And they don’t always produce higher yields for farmers.Karen: And how about wild life? Jim: Well, modern agriculture sometimes kills off wildlife which it also needs for its own survival.In order to bear fruit, 75 percent of flowering plants need to be pollinated.This is traditionally done by bees, butterflies and birds whose populations are actually declining Honey bees are essential for more than 90 commercially grown crops.Farmers in California, for example, now have to release millions of bees to pollinate their almond trees.Karen: So what in your opinion is the answer?

Jim: Going back to more traditional ways of farming.Small-scales farms are producing a variety of crops and working with nature.Farmers can leave some land uncultivated to create ‚wildlife corridors‛.This will provide a habitat for a variety of traditional plants as well as for the bees and insects needed to pollinate them.Another solution is planting indigenous，or local species.For example, in Africa researchers are encouraging farmers to plant a local wild species of mango that actually produces fruit in four years.Most cultivated varieties take 12 years.People are also starting seed banks to conserve local varieties of plants for the future.Karen: And is there anything ordinary people can do to help? Jim: Well, there are several practical things we can all do that will help, for example… 凯伦：吉姆，你当农民已经很久了。你能解释一下耕作方式是如何改变的吗？

吉姆：嗯，在过去，大多数农业是小规模的和劳动集约化的，且从世界范围看是于自然和谐共处的。但在过去的五十年间，事情已经发生了巨大变化，特别是在工业世界中。现在世界上的百分之四十一的耕地是集中管理的。

凯伦：那么这在实际耕作中代表着什么呢？

吉姆：你看，现在大部分农场有较高的生产力，在某种意义上是一件好事。然而，这也意味着在大片土地上种植着同种作物。不使用篱笆却使用化学杀虫剂和化肥。这对生态系统造成了负面的影响，破坏了自然植被和当地的野生动物。

凯伦：那你觉得我们是不是对自然的干扰过多了？

吉姆：显然，目前农民需要生产足够的食物并在合理的价格内出售。但我认为问题是，现代农业鼓励对各种作物品种的无限量使用。一些传统的粮食品种，例如苹果或谷物，正处于灭绝的过程中。他们出售的新品种的种子需要杀虫剂和化肥，抗虫性不如传统品种强，并且它们通常不是高产作物。凯伦：那么野生动物的情况又是怎样的？

吉姆：嗯，现代农业有时杀死那些和自身发展有关的野生动物。为了结果，百分之七十五的开花植物需要授粉。这通常都是通过蜜蜂，蝴蝶和鸟类来完成的，但是实际上它们的数量正在减少中。蜜蜂对超过九十种经济作物都是至关重要的。例如在加利福尼亚州的农民，现在不得不放养上万只的蜜蜂来保证他们杏树的收成。凯伦：那么您认为答案是什么？

吉姆：回到更传统的农耕方式。小规模的农场能生产出多种作物并促成与自然的和谐共处。农民可以少开垦一些土地，为野生生物提供住所。这将为传统植物以及需要用来授粉的蜜蜂和昆虫提供栖息地。另一种解决方法是种植具有代表性的或是本地的物种。例如，在非洲，研究人员鼓励农民种植当地的一种野生芒果，这种芒果实际需要四年来结果。而现在大多数种的芒果需要经过十二年结果。人们也开始使用种子银行来为未来保存自己本地的植物。凯伦：那么普通人可以做些什么呢？

吉姆：嗯，有许多我们可以帮得上的，例如……

UNIT5 INSIDE VIEW Conversaion1 A:I love Chinese,but is the food around here typical? J:Well,it depends what you mean by typical.This is mostly Cantonese food from the south,excepet for the roast duck,which is from Beijing.But it is different from the food where I come from in the northeast.A:And which is better? J:Er,well,in my opinion,I think~ Oh,look,here he comes.Hi,Tony.T:Hi,Li Hui,ni hao.J:Ni hao.Tony,this is Andy,my colleage.A/T:Hi.J:We were wondering if we could ask you some questions about life in Chinatown.A:I don’t know if Janet’s told you,but we are doing a series of reviews on ethnic restaurants here in London for London Time Off.T:Ok,I see.A:And the thing is,everyone eats Chinese and Indian food,but we want to put a bit of background and history on the website.Are you up for this? T:Ok,fire away.A:What I suggest is,if you’ve got time,we will do some filming around here,and then we will put the research together back at thestudio.A:Janet,are you ready with the sound this time? J:Ok.A:Just remember to keep the needle out of the red zone.And don’t forget to stop us if there’s too much background noise.J:Ok,thanks.A:Tony,you work here in Chinatown.Do you live here as well? T:No,in fact,very few Chinese actually live in Chinatown.A:And in comparison with Chinatown in say,San Francisco or Sydney,is it larger or smaller? T:I would say it’s much smaller.Really.It’s only three or four streets.A:And the business here,is it mostly restaurant trade? T:Yes,as well as the supermarkets,which stock produce from China.A:我喜欢中国菜，但这附近有代表性的食物吗？

J:嗯，这取决于你说的典型是什么意思。除了北京烤鸭，这里大多是中国南方的广东菜。但这里的广东菜和我家乡的东北菜不同。A:你认为哪里的更好吃呢？

J:嗯，我认为~ 喔，你看，他来了。嗨，Tony!T:嗨！李慧，你好！

J:你好，Tony！他是我的同事Andy.A/T:嗨。

J:我们在想你是否可以回答我们一些关于唐人街生活的问题。

A:我不知道Janet是否告诉你了，但我们是在为London Time Off做一系列的有关伦敦异国风味餐厅的评论文章。T：好的，我明白了。

A:话说，每个人都吃中国菜和印度菜，但我们想在网上放一些有关的文化背景和历史知识。你能帮助我们吗？

T:没问题，你问吧。

A：如果你有时间的话，我建议我们在这附近来录一段短片，等回工作室后将调查材料整合在一起。A:Janet,这一次调好声音了吗？ J:好了。

A:记得把图标移开红色区域。如果背景噪音太大，记得叫停。J:好的，谢谢你的提醒。

A:Tony,你在唐人街工作，那你也在这住吗？ T：不住这，事实上，很少中国人真正住在这。

A:和旧金山或悉尼的唐人街相比，伦敦的唐人街更大还是更小呢？ T:更小，真的，这里只有三四条街。A:这里的商业活动大多是餐厅生意吗？ T:是的，还有卖中国货的超市。

Conversation2 A:So where do you call home? T:Like lots of people,my grandparents came from Hong Kong in the 1950’s.But I’m a British-born Chinese.So I guess this is home now.A:So how long has here been a Chinese community in London? T:For 200 years.When the Chinese first came to London,they arrived as sailors,so they lived in the East End by the Docks.A:And how did they make their living? T:restaurants mostly,but they were also famous for running laundries.A:And why did Chinesetown move over here? T:At the start of the 20th century,some of them move to the West End,which is the entertainment district to open Chinese restaurants.And gradually,the Chinese from all over the London met friends and did business here.A:And does it still feel like a traditional Chinese community? T:Oh,sure.You saw the Chinese gateway and we celebrate Chinese New Year along with the Chinese all over the world.A:Thanks.T:You are welcome.A:How is it going,Janet? J:It’s fine,that’s about three minutes of material.A:Ok.Let’s wind it up.Tony,thank you very much,that was really interesting.Very grateful.T:No problem.Now,are you hungry?How about some dimsum and crispy roast duck? J:Sounds great.I’m starving,thanks.T:Don’t mention it.Let’s go back to my restaurant.A:Sure,I’m starving too.All this talk about food,thanks,Tony!T:You’re welcome!A:那你认为哪里才是你真正的家？

T:嗯，像很多人一样，我的祖父母在二十世纪五十年代从香港来到这里。但我是一个在英国出生的中国人，所以我现在把这里看成是我的家。A:华人聚集在伦敦有多久了呀？

T:两百年了。中国人第一次来到这里是以海员的身份来的，所以他们住在东区码头。A:那他们是如何谋生的？

T:大多是靠开饭店，但他们也以经营干洗店出名。A:那为什么唐人街搬到这里？

T:二十世纪初，他们中的一些人搬到了西区，到那片娱乐区开中餐馆。渐渐地，来自伦敦各地的中国人在这里约朋友，做生意。

A:现在的唐人街感觉还是个传统的中国社区吗？

T:当然是，你可以看到中国式大门，我们也会和来之世界各地的中国人一起来庆祝中国新年。A：谢谢你的回答。T:不客气。A:怎么样呀,Janet? J:很好，录了大约三分钟。

A:好，可以结束了。Tony,太感谢你了，你讲得非常有趣，非常感谢！T:这没什么。你们现在饿了吗？吃些中式点心和香脆烤鸭怎么样？ J:听上去不错，我现在饿坏了，谢谢你。T：别客气，走吧，到我的餐厅去！

A:好的，我也好饿啊。关于所有的有关食物的谈话，真的很感谢你，Tony！T:不用谢啦。

Outside view Part 1 We're taking a walk along this peaceful, quiet beach.Just the place to relax.But out there, at other beaches around the world, that's another story.Let's take a look.These sea lions fight to defend their territory.During the mating season, these elephant seals show aggression to establish dominance.People fight to defend their territory.In some situations, we’re used to it.We even expect it.When you’re on a crowded street, or trying to get into a crowded bus, other people are going to start shoving.It’s not always pleasant, but it’s not surprising when it happens.But what about here, on this lovely beach? There’s plenty of room for everyone to sit comfortably, enjoy the sun, and look at the ocean.Let’s say you’re sitting on the beach, it’s not too crowded, and someone comes up and put their stuff right in front of you.What would you do? A:‛I’d be very angry and go over to them and tell them to move.‛

B:‛ Maybe throw a little sand in their face and make them to move, I don’t know.‛ C:‛ If someone came and sat down in front of me on the beach, I would probably move my towel next to them and start a conversation.‛

Now that’s take Jack out to the street.This is South beach in Miami.Getting a parking place in this neighbourhood can be really difficult.That’s because there’re too many cars and not enough space.And when space is limited, people can get a lot more aggressive.Our

producer is parked here in this very desirable parking spot.She’s going to wait until someone wants her parking space.There’s a lot of traffic, so she won’t have to wait too long.Yes!There’s someone now.我们正沿着这安宁平静的海滩漫步。这里正是放松的好地方。但除这以外，在世界各地其他的海滩上，上演的是另一个不同的故事。让我们好好看一看。

这些海狮们为了保卫它们的领地而战斗。交配期间，这些象海豹展开激烈攻势来确立自己的统治地位。人类也为了保卫领地而战。在某些情况下，我们习以为常。我们甚至期望它。当你在一个拥挤的街上或费力挤上一辆已无立足之地的公交车，其他人就开始你推我挤。发生如此情况总让人感到不愉快，但并不吃惊。然而，在如此宜人的海滩上，又是什么情况呢？这里有充足的空间让每个人舒适地坐着尽情享受阳光和大海。假如当你正享受日光的沐浴时，这本不拥挤的海滩上却出现了某些讨厌的人，把他们的一堆物品就堆在你的面前。你会怎么做？ A:‚我会非常生气，走过去，告诉他们把东西拿开。‚

B：‚我不知道，也许会朝他们的脸洒一点沙子迫使他们挪开。‚

C：‚如果这海滩上有人走过来，在我面前坐下，我也许会把自己的毛巾移到他们旁边，开始和他们聊天。‚

现在，让我们带JACK到街区去转转。这里是迈阿密的南海滩。在附近找一个停车的地方是件非常困难的事。因为这边没有足够的地方容纳这么多车。当停车空间有限，人们会变得更加挑衅。我们的制片人已经停在了这非常称心的停靠点。她正等着下一个需要她的停车点的人。这里车很多，所以她不需长久等待。是的！有人来了。

Part B A:‛ Leaving?‛

B:‛ Yeah, I’m leaving.‛ A:‛ Oh, great!‛

She pulls out, and the minute she pulls out, Jack pulls in.What do you think the driver will do? Drive away? Or stop and confront Jack? C:‛ Hey!Hey!Come on, pal!That’s my spot, my parking spot!‛

B:‛ Oh yeah? I didn’t see you in it.Well, looks like it’s my space now!Sorry!‛ C:‛ What’re you talking about , man ?You saw me, I was right there!‛ B:‛ You know, have you considered anger management counselling?‛ C:‛I was right there!What’re you talking about?‛

B:‛ Ah, it’s now time for the sunny tunes of South Florida.‛ C:‛I was right there.You saw me!‛

B:‛ What? I’m sorry I can’t hear what you’re saying.‛

C:‛ You saw me, come on!Do you like it when people do that crap to you?‛

B:‛ Great song, isn’t it？ I love this song.Do you have a hearing problem? You scream a lot.‛

C:‛ No!You have… problem!‛ B:‛ Yeah.Whew!‛

If you’re waiting to pull into a parking space and someone else sneaks right into it, what would you do? D:‛I would beep my horn, I would roll down the window, and I would shout very rude things at them.‛

E:‛ I would yell out the window and tell them to move!‛

Aggression, it’s part of survival.Animals and humans need to be aggressive in order to survive.But how aggressive do we need to be? When do we fight? When do we give up and walk away? Those are the decisions that we all make everyday.A 要走？

B 对，我马上离开。A 啊太好了

她驱车离开。她一走，JACK 停进来。你认为司机会怎么做？开走？或停下来和JACK对峙？ C 喂！喂！快点，讨厌鬼，这是我的地方，我的停车点！

B 真的？我没见你停在里面。嗯，现在看起来这好像是我的停车点了！对不起！C 你在说什么，年轻人？你看到我了，我就在那边！B 听我说，你有没有考虑要接受愤怒情绪的控制服务？ C 我刚在那！你在说什么呀！

B 嗯，现在该欣赏佛罗里达州南部的阳光曲调。C 我刚就在那。你看到我了！

B 什么？对不起，我听不见你在说什么。

C 算了吧，你看到我了！你难道喜欢别人对你做那垃圾控制服务？ B 真好听的歌，不是吗？我喜欢这首。你听力有问题吗？你一直在尖叫。C 不！你才有……毛病！B 是。呸！

如果你长时间等待的停车点被其他人偷占了，你会怎么做？ D 我会按喇叭，摇下窗，对他们骂脏话。E 我会喊叫让他们离开！

攻击，是生存技能的一部分。动物和人类为了生存都需要具有攻击性。但是我们该如何把握进退呢？我们该什么时候打斗？我们该什么时候放弃离开？那些是我们每天都在做的决定。

Listening in 1 Today we’ll focus on two aspects of group behaviour.Firstly,how groups develop,and secondly,the roles inpiduals play within a group.It’s widely acknowledged that the performance of effective groups is often greater than the sum of the inpiduals in the group.This is due to what we call synergy-in other words,the extra energy and effevtiveness that people create when they work together.Early research in this field carried out in the 1930s by Elton Mayo discovered something that he called the ‚Hawthorne effect‛.The idea is that when inpidual know they are part of a study,their productivity automatically increases regardless of other factors,such as how much time or money they are given,for example.The research suggests that things like personal identity,self-esteem and the social context in which a group is working are really very important factors in improving the performance of inpiduals.If we move on to look at the nature of groups more closely,we find that groups have natural phasese that can help us understand their effectiveness.You have probably all had experience of working with other people in a group that,at firsl,wasn,t very productive.This phenomenon was studied by Tuckman in the 1960s,and he created a model to describe the stages of a group.The first stage is known as‛Forming‛which is when inpidual members get to know each other.This is followed by‛Storming‛when inpidual start to share their ideas and creative energy.The third phase is‛Norming‛where a group identity begins to form.The final stage

is‛Performing‛when inpiduals within the group work together.And it is at this stage that the group achieves results.Understanding these phases can help us ensure that members of a group work together to overcome early loner.The‛Resource investigator‛is the group member who is always curious and explores new ideas and the‛Monitorevaluator‛is calm and serous and makes good,balanced decisions.The‛Team worker‛in contrast is a socially orientated and sensitive member of the team who is able to encourage a team spirit.And the‛Comleter-finisher‛is a conscientious perfectionist who follows through on the details and ties up and loose ends.To be effective,a team needs to have a variety of members who can fulfill all these different roles.今天，我们将关注团队合作的两个方面。首先，团队是怎样发展形成的，再者，是每个个体在团队中扮演的角色。人们普遍承认，有效率的团队合作通常比组内个人工作成果的总和要好得多。这是由于一种被我们称为协作的东西——即是当他们一起工作时产生的额外的能量和效率。

Elton Mayo在20世纪30年代在这个领域进行过早期的研究，他曾经发现了霍索恩效应。这个观点是指当个体知道他们是研究小组的一部分时，他们的生产率不受比如他们被给定的时间或金钱其他因素影响，自动地提高了。这个调查表明着比如个性特征，自尊和一个团队所工作的社会环境是提高个人工作表现非常重要的因素。

如果我们继续进一步地去看团队的本质，我们会发现团队其自身的阶段来帮我们了解它们的效率。大家或许都有过在一个团队里和其他人一起工作的经验，刚开始，不是很高效的。Tuckman曾在20世纪60年代研究过这个现象，他创造了一个模型来描述一个团队的不同阶段。

第一个阶段被称为‚组建期‛。这个时期中，单个的成员开始互相认识。紧随其后的第二个阶段是‚激荡期‛，个体开始分享他们的想法和创造力。第三个阶段是‚规范期‛，一个团队的特性开始形成。最后一个阶段是‚执行期‛，团队内的个体开始一起工作。团队正是在这个阶段取得成果。明白这些阶段能帮助我们确保团队的成员一起工作，防止出现早期的独行者。

外交家是团队内总是有好奇心并且探索新设想的人，监督员冷静严肃，是能做出较为平衡的决策的人。相形之下，凝聚者是一个能鼓动士气，目标明确且敏感的团队成员。完成者是一个尽责的完美主义者，关注细节，整合资源，完善成果。想要成为一个有效率的团队，需要有各种各样能胜任所有这些不同角色的成员。

Listening in 2 Today I'm reporting from Phuket in Southern Thailand.Parts of the island were devastated by the tsunami in 202_,and over 250 people lost their lives here.I've come back to see how one community has recovered.Here in the village of The Chat Chai,the rebuilding of the destroyed homes has been led by the international organazition Habitat for Humanity.About a year after the tsunami occurred,volunteers began building 36 new homes for local families.One villager,Somwang,is certainly very happy with the results.He used to live in a small hut on his two square metre plot of land near the sea.The local community wanted him to have a bigger home and despite the small size of his plot of land,they built him a three-storey house,which is now the tallest in the village.A happy ending to such a horrific tragedy.The rebuilding here has also had a positive effect on the local economy,because the earth bricks that were used to build the homes were produced in Khao Lak,another tsunami hit island——all part of a post-tsunami livelihood development project.Talking to people here,I've discovered that the project not only provided them with much needed shelter,but also the process has helped rebuild a spirit of community amongst them.A host

of foreign as well as local volunteers joined together to work in rebuilding the villagers' homes and lives,and even an American TV celebrity volunteered.The project has also been visited by former US president Jimmy Carter,who is an active supporter of Habitat for Humanity.He and his wife offer one week of their time every year to volunteer on construction projects around the world.It's certainly encouraging to see the strength of the human spirit and generosity of people who help others in times of need.Habitat for Humanity is continuing their work in the south of Thailand,helping poor local families and communities to improve their lives.Their “Save&Bulid” scheme encourages families to save 30 per cent of the cost of building or rebuilding their home.The charity then lends the family the rest of the money they need,and helps in the building of their new home.It's then paid for in monthly repayments of under ＄30,which supports those who want to build a better life for themselves.This is Marianne Harper reporting from Southern Thailand...我在泰国南部的普及岛为大家做出今天的报道。在202_年，该岛的部分遭受了海啸的严重破坏，有250多人罹难。让我们再回到这里，见证一个社区的重建。

这里是Chat Chai村庄，在‚仁爱之家‛国际组织的带领下，人们重建了家园。在海啸袭击的一年之后，志愿者们开始为当地居民兴建36所新房子。

一个叫Somwang的村民，对目前的生活非常地满意。过去，他住在海边的一个两平方米的小陋屋。当地的社区想让他有一个更大的家，尽管他所拥有的土地面积很小，他们还是为他建了一座三层的房子，现在这幢房子成为了全村最高的建筑。最终，一个可怕的灾难迎来了一个完美的结局。

重建对当地的经济也有积极的影响，因为用来修建房子的土砖产自另一个被海啸袭击过的小岛寇立——以上所述都是海啸后恢复生计发展计划的一部分。

在和当地人交谈中，我发现开发项目不仅为灾民们提供了必要的避难所，而且重建的过程也让他们重拾了团体精神。很多外国人和当地的志愿者们一起工作着，为重建村民的家园而努力。甚至一个美国电视名人也参与了志愿行动，美国前总统吉米卡特也参观了开发项目，他是支持‚仁爱之家‛的积极分子。每年卡特夫妇都会花一周的时间在世界各地参与建设项目的志愿者服务工作。

令人深受鼓舞的是看到人类精神的力量和那些在他人需要帮助的时刻伸出援助之手的人们的慷慨无私。‚仁爱之家‛继续着他们在泰国南部的工作，帮助当地贫穷的家庭和社区改善他们的生活。‚储蓄和建设‛计划鼓励灾灾民们储蓄下修建或重修房屋的支出的百分之三十。然后慈善组织将会借给他们需要的款项，并且帮助他们重建家园。每月的还款不到３０美元，这将有利于人们追求更好的生活。这是玛丽哈珀从泰国南部发回的报导…

Unit 6 Inside View Conversation1 Janet:So tell me about Shakespeare's Gboble Theatre,Joe.It looks really old.Joe:In fact,it was only built in 1997,which was the home of Shakespeare's theatre company when he came to London in 1599.Janet:So what's the Globle made of? Joe:Well.the walls are made of wood,and it's got a thatched roof.Janet:Is that the kind of dried grass instead of tiles? Joe:That's right.In fact it's the first thatched building in London since the Great Fire of London in 1966.Janet:That's amazing.Joe:And inside it's just like the original stage.The audience stands in front of the stage.Janet:Are you serious?Aren't there any seats? Joe:Yes,there are some seats.but most people stand while they watch the play.So they get soaking wet when it rains.Actually the strangest thing is when you're watching Romeo and Juliet in 16th century Verona,and suddenly there's a plane passing over.Janet:that's extraoridnary!Joe:Yes,blows me away.Janet:And Andy tells me we've got a report to do on the summer season.Joe:Yes,that's right.During the winter,it's closed but in may the season starts again.Janet:When I think of Shakespeare.I usually think of Stratford-upon-Avon.Where is Stratford-upon-Avon? Joe:It's about 130 kilometres from London.Yes that's where he was born,and it's still the home of Royal Shakespeare Company.But I kind of see him as a London hero,because it's here that he became the greatest playwriter the world has ever known.Janet:You really think that? Joe:I sure do.Let's get back to the studio and edit this.Janet:Joe告诉我一些关于莎士比亚Gbloble剧院的事，它看起来真的非常的古老。Joe:事实上，它只是建于1997。当莎士比亚于1599年来到伦敦时它是莎士比亚剧团的家。Janet:那Gboble剧院是由什么建成的？ Joe:它的墙是由木头建的，它有个茅草屋顶。Janet：是那种干草而不是瓷砖么? Joe:是的。事实上，自从1966年伦敦大火以来它是在伦敦的第一个茅草建筑物。Janet:太惊人了。

Joe：它的内部就像是原始的舞台。观众们站立在舞台的前面。Janet:你是开玩笑的么？那儿没有座位么？

Joe：有。那里有一些座位，但大多数的人都站着看戏剧。所以当下雨的时候他们都全身湿透了的。事实上最最奇怪的是：当你在19世纪的维罗纳剧院看罗密欧与朱丽叶时飞机呼啸而过。Janet:太神奇了！

Joe:是啊。太不可思议了。

Janet:Andy告诉我说我们在夏季有报导要做。

Joe:是的。在冬季剧院是关闭的但是五月时它再次开放。

Janet：当我想到莎士比亚时我通常想到斯特拉特福。斯特拉特福在哪里呢？

Joe:它距伦敦大约130公里。莎士比亚就出生在那里，同时它也是皇家莎士比亚剧团的诞生地。我总是把他看成是伦敦的英雄，因为他正是在伦敦成了世界所熟知的伟大的戏剧家。Janet：你真那么想么？

Joe：那是当然。我们回到工作室去编辑吧。

Conversation2 Janet:So when was Shakespeare born? Joe:In 1564.Janet:And when did he die? Joe:In 1616.Janet:And when did he come to London? Joe:We don't know exactly,but some time between 1585 and 1592.Janet:And what did he do in London? Joe:He joined a group of actors,and wrote some of his most famous plays.such as Hamlet,The Merchant of Venice.and Romeo and Juliet.Janet:So what happend to him later in his life? Joe:Well,in 1603.Queen Elizabeth died,and theatre became less popular.And then the Globe Theatre burned down Janet:And what was the last play he wrote? Joe:It was The Tempest-it's often thought that the character of Prospero.the magician,was based on himself.Janet:And does the Royal Shakespeare Company still perform plays in London.Joe:Both in Straford and London,and they also tour all over the country.I reckon there are about seven or eight Shakespeare plays on in the West End at the moment Janet:Why do you think he's still so popular? Joe:What I think is great about Shakespeare is that the plays make audiences think.And that makes the audience feel good.Janet:And is it the same in the States? Joe:Maybe not so much.But there's huge respect for Shakespeare's plays on Broadway.I suppose it's because he's still very relevant to audiences today.Janet:Joe,you know so much about Shakespeare!I'm really stunned!Well,I guess I've seen most of them at one time or another.Andy:Sorry I'm late.Joe:Better once than never,for never too late.Andy:What? Joe:Taming of the Shrew.Act 5 Scene1.Better late than never.Andy:Have you finished the edit?Let's upload it onto the website.Janet：莎士比亚什么时候出生的？ Joe:1564年。

Janet：他什么时候死的？ Joe：在1616年。

Janet：那他什么时候来到伦敦？

Joe：我们无法确切的知道，但应该是在1585到

1592之间的某个时间。Janet:他在伦敦干什么？

Joe:他加入一个表演队，写了部分他最出名的戏剧，如：哈姆雷特、威尼斯商人、罗密欧与朱丽叶。Janet：那在莎士比亚生活的后期发生了什么呢？

Joe：在1603年，伊丽莎白女王去世后戏院最得不那么流行了。接着Globe剧院也被烧毁了。Janet:莎士比亚最后写的戏剧是什么? Joe:是暴风雨。人们经常认为其中魔术普洛斯彼罗这个角色就是以莎士比亚自已塑造的。Janet:那皇家莎士比亚剧团在伦敦还继续表演戏剧么？

Joe：斯特拉福德和伦敦都有，他们也演出遍全国。我估计此刻在West End剧院大约有七到八个莎士比亚戏剧正在上演。

Janet：你认为为什么他那么的出名？

Joe：我认为莎士比亚的伟大之处在于他的戏剧让观众们得到思考，这使得观众们感到很好。Janet:这在美国也一样么？

Joe：也许不全都吧。但是在百老汇有一批对莎士比亚戏剧抱有敬意的人。我猜那是因为他现在还跟观众紧密相连。

Janet：Joe你对莎士比亚懂得真多。我真是惊呆了。好吧，我猜我在某时曾看到他们在的大多数。Andy：对不起。我迟到了。

Joe：晚来总比不来的好，永远没有为时已晚。Andy：什么？

Joe：驯悍记第5章第1幕。晚总比从不来得好。Andy：你们完成编辑了么？让我们上传到互联网吧。

Outside View Host: Three American cyclists who only have three real legs between them are cycling through Oxford on a trek from Scotland to Greece.The trio sponsored by Otto Bock USA all have prosthetic limbs and are hoping the challenge will raise awareness of the persity of designs available.Six TV caught up with Mick Wright, Sedan Sherret and Brad Kennedy earlier on today.Cyclist: Yeah it's a little tough, I don’t like cycling.But you know, if we can, you know help somebody, motivate somebody to get back to an active lifestyle and put their mind to something good, it’s all worth it.Reporter: And so what's really the point of this trip? Cyclist: To raise awareness of the abilities of those with disabilities.If you’ve lost a limb doesn't mean you sit on a couch.You can still be active;you can lead a healthy lifestyle.And you can do challenges that you may have always wanted to do when you were fully healthy and with two legs.Reporter: And the trip is 2500 miles from Glasgow to Athens.How are you guys coping? Cycling: Oh, I think we're doing really well.We’re still in the, this is the first week of riding.We’re conditioning, we're getting used to the--，we've had spectacular weather, it’s been, I mean ,we got sunburnt in Scotland.It’s, we’re, we’re getting accustomed to life on the road and every day our pace is increasing and we're getting stronger.So I think it’s, it’s marvelous.Reporter: And will you, when you get to Athens, what’s your plan there?

Cyclist: Hopefully take a little time to rest, relax vacation a little bit, and maybe throw the bike in the ocean, just the good things in life.Reporter: And what's been the worst, most difficult thing you've come acrossed so far? Cyclist: We've had some very challenging weather and some challenging hills.But We’ve actually enjoyed all of it.It’s been difficult but I think all of the Riding has been good.Reporter: And how are the legs holding up? Cyclist: Oh great!Now we always say that our prosthetic limbs are the ones that are doing fabulous.It’s, it’s the, it’s the, as we refer to, the meat leg that, that might, might be a little weaker.But everybody's riding really strongly and they're just, just performing

marvelously.主持人：三名只有三条腿的自行车爱好者正在进行一个从苏格兰到希腊的艰苦骑行。这个被OttoBock 赞助的三人组都装有假肢，他们希望通过这个挑战可以提高对多种才能的意识。六套记者在今天早些时候采访了Mick Wright, Sedan Sherret和 Brad Kennedy 骑行者：是的，它确实有点艰难，我不喜欢骑车。但是你要知道，如果我们可以帮助一些人，刺激一些人回到原来的有活力的生活方式中，并且将他们的思想集中在积极的事情上。所有的这些都是值得的。记者：那么你们此行的真正目的是什么? 骑行者： 提高残疾人对自身能力的认识。失去了一只胳膊并不意味这你只能坐在长椅上。你依然可以是活跃的，你可以拥有一个健康的生活方式。你可以做一些当你在完全健康时候一直就想接受的挑战。记者：从格拉斯哥到雅典的旅途一共要2500英里，你们要怎么应付这么长的行程？

骑行者：哦，我觉得我们状态很好。我们正在进行第一周的骑行。我们正在进行调整，逐渐习惯这种惊人的天气，就像在苏格兰，我们都被晒伤了。我们逐渐习惯这种在路上的生活，我们的速度每天都在提高，每天都在变强。所以我想这很了不起。记者：那么当你们到雅典后，你们有什么计划吗？

骑行者：希望可以花一点时间休息，放松，度假，也许会把自行车扔到大海里。就做一些生活中比较美好的事情。

记者：至今为止，你们面对的最坏的最困难的事情是什么？

骑行者：我们遇到了非常有挑战性的天气和山脉。但是，我们很享受这个过程。虽然骑行很困难但是我感觉很好。

记者：那你们的腿还适应吗？

骑行者：当然。我们现在可以说我们的假肢感觉很棒。虽然比真的腿要弱，但是我们每个人都骑得很有力，这些假肢真的很不可思议。

Listening in Passage1 A US Airways jet landed in the icy Hudson River in New York this afternoon after apparently hitting a flock of geese.Miraculously,no one was killed and there were few injuries.James Moore,our correspondent at the scene,has more.An Airbus 330 took off from La Guardia Airport.New York,at 3:26pm this afternoon,bound for Charlotte Airport in North Carolina.It had 155 people aboard.Thirty to 45 seconds after take-off,a flock of geese apparently flew into the plane,causing it to lose power in both engines and one engine to catch fire.Without power the plane was unable to return to La Guardia Airport and the pilot decided to land in the Hudson River in order to avoid crashing in a populated area.Two minutes later the plane made a successful landing in the Hudson and passengers were able to climb out through the emergency exits.The plane immediately started taking in water but fortunately water taxis and boats that had seen the crash were waiting by the aircraft.Passengers and crew stood on the wings of the plane in the icy cold water and were helped into the boats.Over the next hour,as New York watched the event on television,everyone on the plane,including a baby,were taken to hospitals for treatment,mostly because of the extreme cold,Their injuries are not reported to be serious.One of the passengers,Alberto Panero,said people had bugun praying as the plane approached the river but that everyone had stayed clam.The pilot of the plane has been named as Chesley Sullenberger.Aged 57,he has 29 years experience

of flying and at one time had been a US fighter pilot.Sullenberger was the last to leave the plane and walked up and down it twice to make sure it was empty before climbing out.He has already been described as a hero.The Governer of New York,David patersm,said at a news conference this afternoon,‚I believe now we've had a miracle on the Hudson.This pilot,somehow without any engines,was somehaw able to land this plane and perhaps without any injuris to the passengers.‛

It is thought that the survival of all on board is because the plane did not break up when it hit water and because of the immediately arrival of the water taxis and boats.今天下午，一架美国航线喷射机在碰撞上了一群鹅后迫降在冰冷的哈德孙河上，但奇迹般的没有一个丧生只有少数人受伤。我们在现场的记者詹姆斯穆尔将会做更详尽的报道。

这架空客330在纽约时间下午3点26分从拉瓜地亚机场出发飞往北卡罗莱纳州的夏洛特机场，机上共有155人，起飞30到45秒后，一群鹅撞上了飞机，导致飞机的两个引擎都熄火了，其中一个着火。没有了动力飞机无法返回拉瓜地亚机场因此为了使飞机不坠毁在有人居住的地区飞行员决定降落在哈德孙河上。两分钟以后，飞机成功地降落，乘客们能够从紧急出口爬出飞机。尽管飞机很快进了水，但幸运的是，许多目睹了撞击的水上巴士和船都在飞机旁边等候。机上乘客和工作人员站在机翼上浸在冰冷的河水里然后被救上船。一个小时以后，当纽约人民在电视里看到这场事故时，主要是极度寒冷的关系。机上的每一个人，包括一个小婴儿都被送到医院接受治疗，他们的伤势据说并不严重。其中一个乘客阿尔贝托，帕内罗说，当飞机接近河的时候人们都开始祈祷但是所有的人都保持了镇静。

这架飞机的飞行员名叫切斯里，撒伦伯格尔，今年57岁，有着29年的飞行经验而且曾一度担任过美国战斗机飞行员，撒伦伯格尔是最后一个离开飞机的，而且在爬出去以前他从上上下下下在机舱内走了两遍以确保机舱空无一人，他现在已经称为英雄。纽约市长大卫，佩特森在今天下午的新闻发布会上说：‚我相信现在我们有了一个哈德孙河上的奇迹，无论怎样，这位飞行员在没有任何发动机的情况下，能够使飞机安全降落而且几乎没有乘客伤亡。

现在普遍认为由于飞机碰撞到河水时没有裂开而且水上巴士和船只及时赶到，才有了机上乘客全部生还的奇迹。

Passage 2 Streets Full of Heroes A:Hi,we are asking people who their personal hero is.Someone they really admire and who’s inspired them in some way.B:Oh,right.Interesting.A:Can you tell us a bit about yourself? B:Sure.My name is Paul Smith.I worked at London zoo.A:London zoo? Really? B:Yes,I’m a zoo keeper.I look after the elephants.A:Elephants?what a great job!So who is your hero, Paul? B:I’ve got quite a few heroes.But I guess my biggest hero is Al Gore.A:The American politician.So why him? B:Well,he is the guy who made people take climate change seriously.A:You are referring to the film An Inconvenient Truth, I take it? B:That’s right.That film proved to people with statistics and graphs, that kind of thing---that climate change was happening and that it’s man-made.Before that ,most people believed it was just a few crazy scientists who thought it was happening.A:You work with animals.Do you worry about the effect of the climate on animals? B：Sure，I do.All these species are going to become extinct.It’s terrible.A：It is.Would you say Al Gore’s been an inspiration to you? B:Yes,I would.He’s taught me about importance of taking action when you see something that needs to be done.I do volunteer work for Greenpeace---quite a lot actually.That’s the way I do my bit.A:Greenpeace?Excellent.Thanks,Paul.Hi,what’s your name? C:Clare hope.A:What do you do? C:Well,I’m a mum with two young kids and I work part-time as an accountant for the Red Cross.A:We’re asking people who their personal hero is and if they’ve inspired them in any way.C:That’s an easy one.Melinda Gates, she’s my hero.A:Why is that? C:Well,she is Bill Gates’ wife, one of the richest people in the world.You know ,she could so easily do nothing, just enjoy her money.And instead she co-founded the um… Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and I think that it’s called---and it is one of the biggest private charity organization in the world.It’s donated more than 280 million dollars to various good causes.A:More than 280 million dollars? Now that’s a lot of money.She is very active in it, isn't she? C:Oh yeah, she is a director.Flies all over the world.A:Do you do any work for charity? C:I make phone calls for Save the Children, asking people to donate.She is a real inspiration, Melinda gates。

A:你好，我们正在调查人们心目中的英雄都是谁。某个他们真的敬仰的以及已经在某些方面上鼓舞他们的人。

B:哦很好，很有趣。

A:你能告诉我们一点关于你自己的情况吗？ B:当然，我叫保罗史密斯。我在伦敦动物园工作。A:伦敦动物园？真的吗？

B:是，我是一名动物园饲养员。我照顾大象。

A:大象？多伟大的一份工作啊。谁是你心中的英雄，保罗？

B:我心里拥有相当多的英雄，但是我想最大的英雄应该是艾尔戈尔。A:那个美国政治家，那么为什么是他呢？ B:恩，他是那个使人们严肃对待气候变化的人。A:你参考了那部电影，难以忽视的真相，我说的对吧？

B:是的。那部电影用统计的数据和图表等这类的资料向人们证明了气温变化正在发生而且那是人类造成的。在这之前，大多数人们认为这仅是一些疯狂的科学家认为它在发生而已。A:你从事动物工作。那你会担心气候对动物的影响吗？

B:当然，我会的。所有的这些都物种即将会灭绝了。这很糟糕。A:的确是这样。你会说艾尔已经对你来说成为一名鼓舞人心的人了吗？

B:是的，我会。他教会我当你看到一些事情需要被做的时候就要采取行动的重要性。事实上，我为绿色和平组织做了很多的志愿工作。这是我尽我一点贡献的方式。A:绿色和平组织？非常好。谢谢你保罗。你好，你叫什么名字？

C:克莱尔贺普 A:您是做什么的？

C:恩，我是一个有两个小孩子的妈妈。而且我兼职为红十字会做会计。

A:我们正在调查人们心目中的英雄都是谁而且他们是否已经以任何一种方式鼓舞到人们。C:这很简单。梅琳达盖茨，她是我心中的英雄。A:为什么呢？

C:她是世界首富之一的比尔盖茨的夫人。你知道，她什么都不用做就能简单地享受她的钱财。然而她合创了Bill 和Melinda gates基金会，我认为是这么这样称呼的。而且这是世界最大的私人慈善组织之一。它已经捐献了超过280,000,000美元为各种各样的慈善的原因。

A:超过280，000,000美元？现在这是很大一笔钱啊。她非常的积极投身于慈善事业，不是吗？ C:哦，是的。她是一名主管。会飞往全球各个地方。A:你为慈善做过什么工作吗？

C:我在救助儿童会中负责打电话，号召人们捐献。梅琳达盖茨真的是一个鼓舞人心的人。

Unit 7 Inside View Conversation 1 Andy:Oh,there you are.Right,Are you ready? Janet:I'm ready.Where are we going? Andy:First of all,we need to go back to the studio and collect the equipment.Then we're off to one of my favorite places as a kid.Janet:Where is that? Andy:The Science Museum.I used to spend nearly all of my school holidays there.Janet:But why today? Andy:Tonight ,actually,there's a Science Night.Janet:Science Night? What's that? Andy:Science activities for kids.They spend the evening exploring

the museum and doing scientific experiments.And then they get their sleeping bags and camp there for the night.Janet:Sounds like a lot of fun.What else did they do? Andy:The following morning,they have breakfast and then they visit the rest of the museum before it opens to the public.Janet:Oh.I’d love to go.How did you find out about that? Andy:It's advertised on their website.I thought we could do a feature on it for our website.Janet:Sounds like a great way to get kids interested in science.Where exactly is it? Andy:It's a couple of miles away from here.In fact,there are quiet a lot of museum around there.There’s the Victory and Albert Museum for design and fashion,the Nature History Museum,where they have this huge dinosaur...Janet:I'd love to see that!Andy:OK,tonight the wonders of science!And tomorrow morning we'll go hunting dinosaurs.Janet:OK,let's go.Andy:There's no hurry.There’s plenty of time to finish your drink....Andy:Was that long enough? 安迪:噢,你在这啊。对了,你准备好了吗 珍妮:我准备好了。我们要去哪儿

珍尼特:那是哪儿

安迪:科学博物馆。我几乎把所有的学校假期都花在那儿了。珍尼特:但是为什么是今天呢

安迪:实际上,今天那儿有一个科学之夜。珍尼特:科学之夜 那是什么

安迪:孩子们的科学活动。他们晚上在那儿探索博物馆，做科学实验。然后他们拿着睡袋在那里露营过夜。珍妮特:听起来好象很有趣。他们还做些什么呢

安迪:第二天早上。吃完早餐，他们就在博物馆向公众开放之前，观看博物馆其它的部分。珍尼特:哦。我很想去。您是如何了解到有关事情的

安迪:它就发布在他们网站上。我想我们可以在我们网站上为它做一个专题。珍尼特:听起来像是个让孩子们对科学感兴趣的好方法。那么博物馆到底在哪里

安迪:它距这儿几英里远,事实上，许多博物馆都在那里。有展示设计和时尚的维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆，还有有着巨大恐龙的自然历史博物馆,…… 珍妮:我很想去看看!安迪:好吧,今晚见识下科学的神奇明天，早上我们就去寻找恐龙。珍尼特:好吧,咱们走吧。

安迪:别着急。我们有充裕的时间让你喝完你的饮料。

……

安迪:时间足够了吗? 安迪:首先,我们需要回到工作室去拿设备。然后我们去一个我小时候最喜欢的地方。

Conversation 2 Janet:So tell me more about the Science Museum.Why is it so special ? Andy:Well,have a look.It’s got everything to do with science,from steam engines to space capsules.It has a number of halls,which focus on different aspects of science.Janet:What's this one? Andy:That's the Energy Hall,which explains the history of power,from engines,to steam power,to electricity...Janet:And I suppose this is the Space Hall? Andy:That's right.There’s a collection of early rockets,all the way to present-day space rockets,and satellites and telescopes.Janet:Sounds fascinating.Andy:Then there are sections on agriculture,computing,the history of flight...Janet:And they have exhibitions for kids? Andy:Yes,absolutely!In the basement,there are lots of scientific.experiments for them to try out.Janet:Wow, I'm not surprised you enjoy it so much.When do you want to leave ? Andy:The first you have to do is go home and get your sleeping bag.Janet:So we're really gonna stay the night with the children ? Andy:You got it!It's gonna be great fun.While you're getting your sleeping bag,I'll just go and get some sandwiches to take with us.Joe:Hi there,where are you two off to? Janet:We're going to spend the night together.Joe:You're what? Andy:It's OK,Joe.We’re spending the night together at the Science Museum.Anyway, got to dash.Janet:It's Science Night tonight.Joe:Science Night? Andy:Must rush,Joe,speak soon , bye!珍尼特:那么多告诉我一些关于科学博物馆的事。为何它如此特别呢

安迪:嗯,你看看。它的一切都与科学相关，从蒸汽引擎到空太空密封仓。它有很多关于科学不同方面的展厅。

珍尼特:这是什么？

安迪:那是能源展厅,它解释了能源的历史,从简单工具到蒸汽动力，再到电力… 珍妮:我想这是太空馆

安迪:没错。这儿收藏着一些早期的火箭,一直到现今的太空火箭，人造卫星和太空望 远镜。珍尼特:听起来令人着迷。

安迪:那些是关于农业，计算机使用，飞行历史的部分。珍尼特:他们有为小孩子开办的展览吗？

安迪:当然!在地下室里,有许多科学实验可以让他们试做。

珍尼特:天啊,我现在一点都不吃惊你乐在其中.你想什么时候离开 安迪:首先，你所要做的就是回家,把你的睡袋拿来。珍尼特:,我们真的要与孩子们在这里过夜吗

安迪:答对了!这肯定会很有趣。当你去拿你的睡袋的时候,我就去买一些三明治带着。乔:喂,你们两个去哪

珍尼特:我们打算一起过夜。乔:你们做什么

安迪:没什么,乔。我们晚上一起待在科学博物馆。好了，该走了。珍尼特:这是科学之夜。乔:科学之夜

安迪:必须走了,乔。再见!

Outside View Computers are a very important part of our lives.They tell us about delays to transport.They drives trains ,analyze evidence and control buildings.Did you know that 60 per cent of homes in Britain have got a PC(a personal computer)?For many young people,playing computer games is their favourite way of spending their spare time.Computers are a very important part of most areas of life in Britain-libraries,the police and in school.But they are becoming more important in our homes as well.They’ll even control the way we live-in‛smart homes‛or computer-controlled houses.The smart home is now a real possibility.It will become very common.A centrol computer will adjust the temperature,act as a burglar alarm and switch on lights,ready for you to come back home.And of course you will be able to give new instructions to the computers from your mobile phone.So if your plans change,you home will react to match.Many homes have got a lots of televisions and several computers.The smart home will provide TV and Internet sockets in every room,so you’ll be able to do what you want wherever you want.If the temperature outside changes,the smart home will adjust the temperature levels inside.The computer will also close the blinds when it get dark or to stop too much sun entering a room.And if you want to eat when you get home,the computer will turn the oven on for you!Are computers taking over our lives?In a survey,44 per cent of young people between 11 and 16 said their PC was a trusted friend.Twenty per cent said they were happier at their computer than spending time with family or friends.Another survey found that people in Britain spend so much time on the phone,texting and reading emails that they no longer have time for conversation.What do you think about that? 电脑是我们生活的一个非常重要的组成部分。它们告诉我们交通的晚点，它们驾驶火车，分析案件的证据还有控制建筑。你知道吗？，在英国百分之60的家庭拥有个人电脑。对于很多年轻人来说，玩电子游戏是他们最喜欢来消遣空闲的方式。在大多数地区的英国图书馆，警署和学校，电脑是日常工作和生活的很重要的一部分。然而，电脑对于家庭来说也正在变得越来越重要。它甚至会控制我们在‚智能房子‛或者说是电脑操控的房子的生活方式。智能房子现在真的很有可能。这将会变得很常见。一台中央计算机将会调控温度，充当自动报警铃和控制灯的开关，准备迎接你的回家。当然你可以通过你的手机向计算机发出新的指示。所以如果你的计划改变了，家里面的电脑会自动调节去配合变化。很多家庭都有很多电视机和几台电脑，智能房子在每个房间里都会配有电视和网路插口，这样的话你就可以在你喜欢的地方做你想做的事了。如果外面 的温度有变化了，智能房子将会调节内部的温度。当天暗下来或者为了减少进入房间的阳光的时候，计算机也会拉下百叶窗。还有如果当你回到家的时候想吃点什么，计算机会为你打开微波炉！

是电脑接管我们的生活了吗?在一个调查中在11到16岁的年轻人中，百分之44 的说他们的个人电脑是一个忠实的朋友。百分之20的说相比于和家人朋友一起，和他们的电脑在一起更快乐。另一个调查显示在英国人们花费太多的时间在电话，测试，读电子邮件上以至于他们没有时间来聊天。你对于这些怎么认为呢？

Listening In Part I When you have a biscuit with your cup of tea do you dunk it?And if so what is the perfect way to do it?That's the subject of today's Science in Action Report.It may be hard to believe,but scientists at the University of Bristol have been analyzing this question.And after a two-month study,they devised a mathematical formula for dunking biscuits.So no more melting chocolate,or biscuit crumbs in the bottom of your cup,which is the fate of one in four biscuits that are dunked in tea,according to research by a biscuit manufacturer.Doughnut bunkers don't face the same problems because doughnuts are held together with an elastic net of protein gluten.This substance allows the doughnut to absorb liquid without breaking down its structure.The structure of a biscuit,however,is held together by sugar which melts when placed in hot tea or coffee.So what is the answer?The researchers,led by Dr Len Fisher, discovered that holding the biscuit in a horizontal position-or“flat-on”-has a significant effect on the amount on the time of a biscuit can stay in hot liquid before falling apart.In fact this horizontal dunking results in a dunking time up to four times longer than traditional vertical dunking.What's the reason for this?It seems that the answer is related to diffusion,in other words,the length of time it takes for the liquid to penetrate the structure of the biscuit.Basically it takes longer for the liquid to travel through the channels of a biscuit when it is laid flat on the surface of liquid.Also the fact that when a biscuit is dunked horizontally,with the biscuit submerged in the liquid ,and the chocolate coating staying out of the liquid,the chocolate helps hold the biscuit together.Another factor influencing the equation is the temperature of the tea-the hotter the tea,the faster the sugar melts.The researchers also found that by dunking a biscuit into tea or coffee,up to ten times more flavor is released than if the biscuit is eaten dry.So it's worth experimenting yourself.If you are wondering how you can perfect the horizontal dunk,the researchers have come up with an idea for a biscuit-holding device to make dunking biscuits easier.They are even now working on producing a table giving guidelines on dunking times for different types of biscuits.On that note,I think it's time to go off to the canteen for a tea break!

当你边喝茶边吃饼干的时候,你会不会把饼干放到茶水中浸一浸?如果你会浸一浸的话，你知道浸饼干最好的方法吗?这是今天《科学在线》报告的主题。你可能很难相信，但是布里斯托尔大学的科学家们一直在研究分析这个问题。在经过了两个月的研究之后，他们总结出了一个浸泡饼干的数学公式。根据饼干制作者的研究，那些被泡在茶水里的饼干，有四分之一不会在杯底残留融化的巧克力和饼干碎屑。

浸泡炸面圈的人就不会面临这样的问题，因为炸面圈由有弹性的蛋白质面筋网结合而成，这些物质可以让炸面圈吸收水分却不破坏自身结构，然而饼干的结构却是由糖分结合而成，糖分被放在热咖啡或热茶中是会融化的。

那么两者不同的原因是什么呢,由莱思 费希尔博士带领的研究者们发现把饼干放在一个水平的位置或者平放，对饼干可以存在于热水中不破碎的时间有重要影响。事实上，这种水平浸泡饼干的方法导致饼干的浸泡时间是传统的垂直浸泡的时间的五倍。

产生这种现象的原因是什么？答案似乎与渗透有关系，换句话说，就是与液体渗入饼干结构当中所需要的时间有关。一般来说，当饼干平放在液体表面时，液体需要更多的时间进入饼干的机构当中。另外事实是当饼干水平浸入液体当中，并被浸没而巧克力外衣却在液体之外的时候，巧克力可以帮助维持饼干的结构。另一个影响这个反应式的因素就是茶水的温度，温度越高，糖分融化越快。研究者还发现，与干吃饼干相比，将饼干浸泡在茶或咖啡当中，有十倍多的味道会被释放出来。所以值得你亲身体验一下。如果你想知道怎样才能完美地水平浸泡你的饼干，研究着们已经产生一个想法去研究一种可以存放饼干的机器，使浸泡饼干更加容易。他们甚至正致力于研究出一种桌子，可以针对不同类型饼干的浸泡时间给出相应的指导.说到这,我认为是时候去餐厅喝茶休息一会了.Part II A: Hey, Louise!Look at this book about crop circles.Some of the photos are absolutely unbelievable.B: You don’t believe in all that stuff, do you, Peter?

A: I’m not saying I believe in UFOs and things.But some of the formations are fascinating.They’re made up of lots of the interconnected circles and geometrical shapes.You know, in the past few years, there have been more reports of then.The circles are getting larger and designs are getting more intricate…I’m sure that they can’t all be man-made.Think about it-they’re so complicated, and they appear night in the middle of fields of wheat, barley or corn.It’s definitely pretty weird.B: I know, but I saw a TV documentary about it.And they showed how a group of hoaxers made an elaborate crop circle in the field at night.Using wooden planks, ropes, plastic tubes, and a garden roller.They even fooled some of the people who believe in the paranormal.Aliens coming down in UFOs and creating them and so on.A: I’m sure lots of them are created by people just to get publicity but look here-it says ‛The first records of crop circles get back as far as the 17th century.Since the 1917s, there have been of 12000 reports from countries all around the world, including Italy, America, South Africa, Australia and Brazil.Most reports are from here in England though.B: But surely that’s just because they get so much media coverage these days? So more people are making them.A: Perhaps.But how do you explain the fact that the actual chemical composition of the grains of crops inside the circles changes? Scientific tests have found they have a higher protein level.The stems of the grains have often been exposed to high temperatures.And they found that the soil outside.So far, the hoaxers haven’t been able to copy all these features.B: Well, I’m not a scientist but I’m pretty sceptical about all these so-called paranormal explanations.I remember in the programme I watched, the researchers found signs of human interference, such as holes in the earth and footprints.A: Come on…you must admit, that still leaves a lot which is unexplained!B: There’s lots of things that are hard to explain but this really.A：嗨，露易丝！看看这本关于麦田怪圈的书。其中的一些图片真的是完全难以置信。B：你不会相信所有这样的材料吧，彼得？

A：我不是说我相信UFO之类的事。但是一些阵型很迷人。他们是由大量的互联圈和几何形状组成的。你知道,在过去的几年中,已经有越来越多的报道。这些怪圈正在变得更大，这些设计也在变得更错综复杂。。我确信他们不可能全部是人为的。你想想---他们是这么复杂，而且他们又在晚上出现在种

着小麦、大麦、玉米的田野的中央。这绝对是非常奇怪的事。

B：我知道。但是我看了一个关于这个的电视纪录片。他展示了一群骗子是怎样在晚上用木板、绳子、塑料管和花园辊子在田野里制造一个煞费苦心的麦田怪圈。他们甚至愚弄一些相信超自然的人们，说是外星人从UFO上下来制造了怪圈之类的谎言。

A：我相信他们其中的一些是为了引起公众注意而被人造的。但是看这里---它说‚最早关于麦田怪圈的记录可以追溯回十七世纪。从1917年，已经有来自全世界各地关于它的报道12000多次，包括意大利、美国、南非、澳大利亚和巴西，尽管更多的记录是来自英国。

B：但是这正是因为最近他们得到如此多的媒体报道。所以更多的人们去制造怪圈。

A：或许吧。但是你怎么解释在圈内的谷物的化学性质被改变这一事实呢？科学家们实验发现这些谷物有更高级的蛋白质。谷物的茎经常被暴露在高温下。同时他们还发现土壤外翻。截止现在，那些骗子们还不能复制所有的这些特点。

B：好吧，我不是科学家但是我对这些所谓的超自然解释非常持怀疑态度。我记得我曾经看过的一个节目，调查者发现人类干扰的迹象，像地上的洞和脚印。A：拜托。你必须承认，它还有许多事情是无法解释的！B：有很多事情是很难解释的但是这个真的。。

Unit 8 Inside view Part 1 Janet:So do you come here often,Joe? Joe:Yes,most weekends.It’s the kind of thing a lot of Londoners do when they’ve got some time off.Janet:So do you feel like a Londoner,Joe? Joe:Yes,I think so.You don’t have to be born a Londoner to feel like one.Janet:Is it only open on Saturday? Andy:It’s open all week,but there are a lot more stalls open from Friday to Sunday.Janet:What time does it open? Joe:It’s open between 10 a.m.and 6 p.m.Janet:6 o’clock.That’s quite early!Joe:Well,after six,everyone goes out to the pubs and restaurants and the clubs.So it gets pretty lively in the evening.It’s a very trendy kind of place.Janet:And it’s got clothes and jewelley and… Andy:They sell pretty well everything here.Janet:It’s very colourful.Is it a special occasion? Joe:No,just an ordinary weekend.But it’s true that on holiday weekends,it gets very busy.Andy:And all around here there are movie houses and clubs,and all sorts of cool places to hang out.That’s the Electric Ballroom down there… Janet:What’s that? Andy:It’s one of the great clubs in London,all sorts of bands have played there.Janet:I’ve never been to a club.It must be fun.Andy:OK,are you busy tonight? Janet:Er,why do you ask? Andy:Maybe we could go there?Have you any plans? Janet:I’d love to,but I’m afraid I… Andy:OK,no problem.Maybe some other time.珍妮：那么乔你经常来这里吗？

乔：是的，大多数周末我都来。来这里是许多伦敦人一有时间就会做得事情。珍妮：那你觉得自己像个伦敦人吗，乔？

乔：是的，我是这样觉得。你并不一定得在伦敦出生才能觉得自己像伦敦人。珍妮：市场只在周六开吗？

安迪：市场每天都开，但更多的货摊在周五到周日营业。珍妮：它什么时间开始营业呢？

乔：它的营业时间是上午十点到下午六点。珍妮：下午六点就关门了。真早啊！

乔：那是，六点之后，所有人都去酒吧或者饭店和俱乐部。所以傍晚会显得很生气勃勃。那是个非常吸引人的地方。珍妮：而且那里还有衣服和珠宝… 安迪：他们这里销售几乎所有的东西。

珍妮：这里看起来五彩缤纷。这是个特殊的时节么？

乔：不是的，仅仅是个普通的周末。但一到假日这里的确变得非常热闹。

安迪：而且在这周围有电影院和俱乐部，以及各种可以闲逛的地方。那边就是电子舞厅… 珍妮：那是什么？

安迪：那是伦敦很棒的俱乐部中之一，各种各样的的乐队都曾在那里表演。珍妮：我从来没有去过俱乐部。那一定很有趣吧。安迪：好的，那你今晚忙吗？ 珍妮：嗯，为什么这样问啊？

安迪：也许我们可以去那里啊？你有什么计划吗？ 珍妮：我想去，但我担心我… 安迪：那好，没关系。也许下次吧。

Part 2 Janet:People always seem to be having fun in London!Camden Mrket was great!Joe:Great for shopping!Andy:Well,there are lots and lots of festivals of film and music.And there are also quite a few street festivals,lik the Notting Hill Carnival.Janet:OK,and what happens? Andy:I’ll show you some footage from last year.Notting Hill is a district of London,and it has a large West Indian community.So at Carnival,the kids and adults go on a parade through th streets,wearing these amazing costumes and dancing to llive Caribbean music.Joe:And there’s lots of street food,and music and parties going on along the Carnival route.Yes,it

is great fun.Janet:And does everyone in London go to watch ? Joe: Well,it attracts about two million people a year.Janet:Wow!And when does it happen? Andy:It takes place at the end of August,although the usual time fo Carnival for the rest of the world is February.Janet:What does Carnival mean? Joe:It’s a festival which takes place in many Catholic countries 40 days before Easter,after which everyone is meant to eat and drink only mederately.And the Carnival in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil is probably the best-known,but ther are also carnivals in other cities.Janet:But then why is the Notting Hill Carnival in August? Joe:Beacause for the rest of the year, the whether is awful.Anyway,we’d better be going now,Janet.Janet:Oh,yes.Andy:Go where? Joe:I invited Janet to a jazz concert this evening.It starts in half an hour.Janet: Bye Andy.Take care!Andy:Bye Janet,look after yourself.珍妮：伦敦大概是人们常来玩的地方。肯顿市场真棒！乔：购物的好地方！

安迪：这里有许许多多的电影节和音乐节。这里还有相当多的街道节日像诺丁山狂欢节。珍妮：那会发生什么呢？0 安迪：我会向你展示一些去年的镜头。诺丁山是伦敦的一个地区，这里有一个很大的西印第安社区。所以在狂欢节期间，孩子和成年人们会身着奇装艳服，在街头伴着加勒比风格的音乐载歌载舞。乔：在狂欢节进行的过程中有许多街道特有的食物、音乐和聚会。的确十分有趣。珍妮：那是不是所有在伦敦的人都会去观看呢？ 乔：它每年吸引了将近两百万的人。珍妮：哇！那狂欢节什么时候开始呢？

安迪：虽然其他地方的狂欢节都是在二月举行的，但这里的狂欢节在八月底举行。珍妮：狂欢节有什么涵义呢？

乔：那是复活节四十天之前在信奉天主教的国度里进行的节日，节日后人们只能有节制地吃喝。在巴西里约热内卢举行的狂欢节或许是最出名的，但在其它城市也有狂欢节。珍妮：但为什么诺丁山狂欢节在八月举行呢？

乔：因为每年的其他时间天气都很糟糕。不管怎样，我们最好现在就走吧，珍妮。珍妮：嗯，好。安迪：去哪？

乔：我邀请了珍妮今晚去参加一个爵士音乐会。再过半个小时就开始了。珍妮：再见，安迪。小心！安迪：再见，珍妮。照顾好自己。

Cross-cultural Awareness Holidays and Customs This week ,on Cross-cultural Awarenes ,Holidays and Customs in Asia we meet some international students who are attending school in California.Many students here are Asian.Asian celebrate a lunar New Year ,so the exact date changes every year.New Year is the biggest holiday in Asia cultures.The holidays lasts for 15 days and ends with a lantern