下载文档第一篇：翻译练习(附参考答案)大全
翻译练习
1.中国菜
中国菜(Chinese cuisine)享誉世界，是世界美食的明珠，并被推崇为全球最健康的食物。菜系(cooking style)繁多，烹饪方法也不尽相同。其四大要素---色，形，香(aroma)，味，决定了菜的好坏，是判断其水平的标准。中国东北菜的口味变化多端，色彩丰富，造型美观。而南方菜的特点是口味清淡，保留了食物的原始味道。
Chinese cuisine, as a pearl of world cuisine, is famous and recommended as the healthiest food in the world.It has various cooking styles and its cooking techniques are also perse.Chinese cuisine features four elements: color, shape, aroma and taste, which decide how good it is and they are the criteria of judging its quality.Northeastern Chinese cuisine’s taste features varied taste, rich color and beautiful shape.While in the southern Chinese, the food features light taste and remains the original flavor of the food materials.2.中国正把精力放在应对内部的巨大挑战上（staggering internal challenges），这一点可以理解。然而，中国领导人承认，中国的发展取决于国际市场。反之，美国需要向本国公众表明，中国经济增长将创造出机会，同时中国也将承担国际责任。Key: China is understandably preoccupied by its staggering internal challenges.Nevertheless, its leaders recognize that China's development depends on the international marketplace.The US, in turn, needs to show the American public that China's economic growth creates opportunities and that China will share international responsibilities.3.低碳生活
随着环境保护意识的传播，“低碳（low-carbon）”这个词变得非常流行。在许多领域都出现了这个词，如低碳产品，低碳消费，低碳旅游等。“低碳生活”是一种新型生活方式，旨在尽量减少生活中的二氧化碳排放（carbon dioxide emission）。例如，一些上班族少开私家车而乘坐公共交通工具。此外，他们提倡水的循环利用，并尽可能节约能源。
As the consciousness of environmental protection spreads, the word “low-carbon” has been very popular.It can be found in many aspects, such as low-carbon products, low-carbon consumption, low-carbon travel and so on.“Low-carbon life” is a new pattern of lifestyle, aiming to lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible.For example, some office workers drive private cars less but take public transportation.In addition, they advocate recycling water and saving energy as much as they can.4.中国梦
中国梦(the Chinese Dream)是中国的一个新名词。人们已经开始期待一个“梦想的国度”。因此，在中国人民的意识中，中共梦将会取代美国梦。期待“梦想国度”的中国人现在要放眼全世界。改革开放使中国发展的梦想变为现实。中国已经进入了一个新时代，在这个时代出生的每一个中国人都应该为他们的好运而感到高兴。
The Chinese Dream is a new term in China.People have begun to expect a “dream country”.In Chinese citizens’ consciousness, therefore, the Chinese Dream will supersede the American Dream.The Chinese people, in expectations of a “dream country”, are now opening their eyes to the world.Reform and opening-up has made the Chinese dream of development a reality.Chinese has entered a new era, and every Chinese person born in this time should feel happy about their good fortune.5.“多渠道”(multichannel)购物的概念正在为越来越多的消费者所接受，它是指顾客可以通过亲临实体店、网络、手机等不同方式从同一个零售商手中买到同样的产品。零售商也在鼓励单一渠道的消费者尝试其他的购买途径。很多在线零售商还提供专门服务，帮助顾客找到离他们最近的、出售他们中意产品的专营店。
The concept of “multichannel” shopping, where people can buy the same items from the same retailer in several different ways—in shops, online and via their mobile phones—is gradually accepted by more and more consumers, and retailers are trying to encourage users of one channel to try another.Many online retailers offer special services that let people locate the nearest outlet which has a given item in stock.6.中国位于亚洲大陆东部、太平洋西岸，并为东中国海、朝鲜湾、黄海和南中国海所环绕。陆地面积约960万平方公里，比整个欧洲大陆略小一点，是亚洲面积最大的国家，是世界上领土面积仅次于俄罗斯和加拿大的第三大国家。
China is located in eastern Asia, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, surrounded by the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea.The total land area of China is about 9.6 million square kilometers, slightly smaller than that of Europe, and it is the largest country in Asia and the third largest country in the world next only to Russia and Canada.7.中美两国可以互为利益相关者（mutual stakeholders），在全球经济中展开合作。一些令人鼓舞的迹象表明，这一切正开始成为现实。两国已经启动战略经济对话，中国已与美国、印度、日本和韩国合作组建了一个高层能源组织（a high-level energy group）。很多问题有待于探讨。
America and China can work together as mutual stakeholders in the world economy.There are already encouraging signs that this is beginning to happen.A strategic economic dialogue has begun between the two countries and China has launched a high-level energy group with the US, India, Japan and South Korea.There is much to discuss.8.中国文化中，红色通常意味着好运和快乐。在中国的春节和其他节日里到处都可以看到红色，它象征着来年吉祥如意。红色也常见于中式婚礼中，因为婚礼上的新婚夫妇往往非常快乐，而且穿戴红色有助于把结婚当天的坏运气赶走。但是穿红色衣服参加葬礼是很不明智的。
The color of red in Chinese culture usually means good luck and joy.Red is found everywhere during Chinese festival and other holidays，which is a symbol of happiness and good luck in the coming year.Red is also often seen in Chinese weddings, because the newly married couple in wedding tend to be very happy and wearing in red will help them chase out the bad luck on their wedding day.But it is not wise to wear red clothes when attending a funeral.
第二篇：《治学》阅读练习附翻译与答案
治学(东汉)徐幹
①昔之君子成德立行，身没而名不朽，其故何□?学也。
②学也者，所以疏神达思，怡情理性，圣人之上务也。民之初载，其矇未知。譬如宝在于玄室①，有所求而不见，白日照焉，则群物斯辩矣。学者，心之白日也。
③学犹饰也，器不饰则无以为美观，人不学则无以有懿德。有懿德，故可以经人伦;为美观，故可以供神明。
④夫听黄钟之声，然后知击缶之细;视衮龙之文，然后知被褐之陋;涉庠序之教，然后知不学之困。故学者如登山焉，动而益高;如寤寐焉，久而愈足。顾所由来，则杳然其远，以其难而懈之，误且非矣。
⑤倚立而思远，不如速行之必至也;矫首而徇飞，不如修翼之必获也;孤居而愿智，不如务学之必达也。故君子心不苟愿，必以求学;身不苟动，必以从师;言不苟出，必以博闻。
⑥君子之于学也，其不懈，犹上天之动，犹日月之行，终身亹亹②，没而后已。故虽有其才而无其志，亦不能兴其功也。志者，学之帅也;才者，学之徒也。学者不患才之不赡，而患志之不立。是以为之者亿兆，而成之者无几，故君子必立其志。
【注】①玄室：暗室。②亹亹：勤勉不倦的样子。
22、可填入第①段方框处的虚词是()(1分)
A、兮 B、哉 C、夫 D、矣
23、第②段使用了比喻论证的手法，请结合该段内容加以分析。(3分)
24、对第④段画线句理解正确的一项是()(2分)
A、治学不能因为目标过远而松懈。
B、人疏于学习，会犯错而招来批评。
C、治学要回顾走过的路，并加以总结。
D、人不能因为害怕困难而放松学习。
25、赏析第⑤段运用整句的表达效果。(3分)
26、分析第⑥段作者论述治学的思路。(3分)
参考答案
22、B23、本段以宝物在暗室让人难以发现来比喻人因不学而处于蒙昧的状态，以太阳能够照亮暗室让人发现宝物来比喻学能够消除人的蒙昧，把抽象的道理形象化。
24、D25、该段句式整齐和谐，节奏感强，富有气势，有力地论述了治学要付诸行动的道理。
26、作者首先强调治学是个漫长的过程，需要坚持不懈，引出立志的重要性;再论述志与才的关系，强调了志的主导作用;在此基础上得出一定要立志的结论。
翻译
从前的君子，能够成就高尚的道德、建立卓越的品行，形体死亡而名不朽灭，是什么原因呢?那就是学习。
学习是用来通明精神、畅达思想、和悦情绪、修养品性的手段，是圣人最为看重的事情。人刚出生的时候，蒙昧无知，就好像珍宝放在暗室里，想寻找却看不出，太阳的光辉一照进去，各种东西都一目了然。学习，就是心灵的太阳。
学习就好像是修整装饰，器物不加修饰，就无法获得美丽的外观;人不学习，也就无法拥有美好的品德。具备美好的品德，才可以妥善处理人与人之间的关系;做得美观好看，才可以供寄给神祇祖先。
聆听了黄钟的声音，然后才知道叩击瓦罐所发出的声音是多么的细小;目睹了帝王礼服上的绣龙纹饰，然后才知道自己所穿的粗布短衣是多么的粗劣;接受过学校的教育，然后才知道不学习的困惑。所以学习这件事，就好像是登山，越走越高;就好像是睡眠，越久越充足;回顾学习活动的来由，就遥远渺茫了，但因为它难而懈怠，这就不仅认识错误，而且行为完全不对了。
倚物伫立而想着到远方去，不如立即行走定能抵达，举仰着头而想追随鸟儿翱翔长空，不如自己修治翅膀定能实现，孤身独处而希望获取智慧，不如努力学习定能达到目的。所以，君子的心灵不随便幻想，而是一定要努力学习，自身不轻举妄动，而是一定要追随老师;说话不信口开河，而一定要广泛听取。
君子对于学习，其坚持不懈的精神，就好像是天空的运转，就好像是日月的运行，终身勤勉不倦，死而后已。因此，尽管有资质，而无志向，也不能够建立他的功业。志向是学习的主要，资质是学习的次要。求学的人不担心才学不富足，而怕志向没有确立。所以，自古至今致力学习的人成千上万，不计其数，而有所成就的人却寥寥无几。因此，君子一定要确立他的志向。
第三篇：翻译练习+答案
翻译练习
1．我们必须不断学习，这样才能与时俱进。(so that)
2．意大利足球队非常强调团队精神，这是他们赢得世界杯的关键。(1ay emphasis on)
3．她不声不响离家出走，使她的父母心烦意乱。(without)
4．小男孩对展览会上的那辆汽车很着迷。(fascinate)
5．使刘翔迷们感到兴奋的是，刘翔在瑞士洛桑创造了12秒88的男子110米栏的世界纪录。(To„)
1.We should/ must continue to learn more so that we can keep pace/up with the development of times.2.The Italian Football Team laid great emphasis on team spirit, which was the key to winning the World Cup.3.Her leaving home without saying a word upset her parents.4.The little boy was fascinated by the car on the exhibition.5.To his fan’s excitement, Liu Xiang set a new world record of 12.88 seconds in the men’s 110-metre hurdles in Lausanne, Switzerland.我最后一次看见杰克的时候，他一个人在街上走。(The last time)
7．几乎每一个人都承认犯罪不可能被彻底消灭。(the fact，wipe out)
8．如果公众失去了对这家公司的信任，那么他们的销售会下降得很快。(1ost trust)
9．给我印象最深的是磁悬浮列车的速度是多么的快啊。(impress，magnetic suspension train)
10．我爸爸不愿用新手机来替换他那只磨损不堪的老手机。(substitute)
6.The last time I saw Jack, he was walking down the street alone.7.Almost everyone accepts the fact that crime can never be wiped put entirely.8.If the public lose trust in the company, sales will fall sharply.9.What impressed me most is how fast the speed of a magnetic suspension train is.10.My father isn’t willing to substitute the new cell phone for his worn-out one.11．尽管天气很寒冷，学生们还是在6点正准时出操。(Despite)
12．每个人，不管是年轻人还是老年人都应铭记“骄者必败”。(keep)
13．虽然他们是好朋友，但他不愿意帮助修理电脑。(reluctant)
14．那位脸色苍白的妇女站在大楼顶上，这使在场的人都很担心。(at the top of)
15．他必定是这次竞赛中最可能获奖的学生。(likely)
11.Despite the cold weather, the students did morning exercises at 6 o’clock sharp.12.Everyone, young or old, must keep in mind that pride goes before a fall.13.Though they are close friends, he is reluctant to help fix the computer.14.At the top of the building stood a woman whose face was pale, which frightened everyone on the scene.15.He is sure to be the most likely student to win the prize in the competition.16在我陷于困境时，对于你的帮助我表示万分感激。(grateful)
17．这所学校在艺术教育方面建立了很好的声誉。(reputation)
18．她放弃了这次机会仅仅是因为缺少足够的钱。(1ack)
19．这个到202_年末完成的项目将使我们在半个小时内就能到达杭州。(不定式)
20．那男孩是如此的调皮，他奶奶对他束手无策。(so„that)
16.I’m deeply grateful to you for your help, when I was in trouble.17.The school has built up a good reputation in art education.18.She gave up the chance merely because of her lacking enough money.19.The project to be accomplished by the end of 202_ will enable us to reach Hangzhou in 30 minutes.20.The boy was so naughty that his grandmother didn’t know how to deal with him.21．你说的也就是我所想的。(what)
22．不管他父亲是否同意，他将选择教师作为他的职业。(whether)
23．根据他提供的线索，警察很快抓到了逃犯。(according)
24．当你们到达那里时，你们会知道他发生了什么事。(the moment)
25．不要把今天的事留到明天做。(名词性从句)
39.may just as well stay at home
40.stain the new carpet
41.didn??t do anything
42.play indispensable roles
43.Even so
44.are being developed
45.remembering all my life
46.lose contact with
47.second only to
48.such fine weather
49.have never resorted to
50.not to speak of/not to mention/let alone going abroad
51.delaying making
52.should adapt himself to
53.to hearing your story again
54.is now being turned
55.Could you take a blank sheet of paper?
第四篇：翻译练习及答案参考
汉翻英：重点翻译红色字体部分，其它部分也可翻译。
之一:题目：不要抛弃学问（胡适1929年中国公学18级毕业赠言）
诸位毕业同学：
你们现在要离开母校了，我没有什么礼物送给你们，只好送你们一句话罢。
这一句话是：“不要抛弃学问。”以前的功课也许有一大部分是为了这张毕业文凭不得已而做的。从今以后，你们可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了。趁现在年富力强的时候，努力做一种专门学问。少年是一去不复返的，等到精力衰时，要做学问也来不及了。即为吃饭计，学问绝不会辜负人的。吃饭而不求学问，三年五年之后，你们都要被后进少年淘汰掉的。到那时再想做点学问来补救，恐怕已太晚了。
有人说：“出去做事之后，生活问题亟须解决，哪有工夫去读书?即使要做学问，既没有图书馆，又没有实验室，哪能做学问?”
我要对你们说：凡是要等到有了图书馆方才读书的，有了图书馆也不肯读书。凡是要等到有了实验室方才做研究 的，有了实验室也不肯做研究。你有了决心要研究一个问题，自然会撙衣节食去买书，自然会想出法子来设置仪器。至于时间，更不成问题。达尔文一生多病，不能多做工，每天只能做一点钟的工作。你们看他的成绩!每天花一点钟看十页有用的书，每年可看三千六百多页书，三十年读约十一万页书。
诸位，十万页书可以使你成一个学者了。可是，每天看三种小报也得费你一点钟的工夫；四圈麻将也得费你一点半钟的光阴。看小报呢，还是打麻将呢，还是努力做一个学者呢?全靠你们自己的选择!
易卜生说：“你的最大责任是把你这块材料铸造成器。”
学问便是铸器的工具。抛弃了学问便是毁了你自己。
再会了!你们的母校眼睁睁地要看你们十年之后成什么器。
汉翻英之二：桂林位于广西壮族自治区的东北角，被誉为“最美的和最值得外国游客观光的中国城市”。中国广泛流传这样一句话：桂林山水甲天下。岩溶峰林地貌，晶莹剔透的江水，经常浮现与中国艺术作品中，而神奇独特的洞穴更为桂林美景增添不少景致。
英汉翻译 ： Mother's Letter to the World Dear World：
My son starts school today．It’s going to be strange and new to him for a while．And I wish you would sort of treat him gently． You see，up to now，he’s been king of the roost．He’s been boss of the back yard．I have always been around to repair his wounds，and to soothe his feelings．
But now― things are going to be different．
This morning，he’s going to walk down the front steps，wave his hand and start on his great adventure that will probably include wars and tragedy and sorrow．To live his life in the world he has to live in will require faith and love and courage．
So，World，I wish you would sort of take him by his young hand and teach him the things he will have to know．Teach him―but gently，if you can．Teach him that for every scoundrel，there is a hero；that for every crooked politician there is a dedicated leader；that for every enemy there is a friend．Teach him the wonders of books．Give him quiet time to ponder the eternal mystery of birds in the sky，bees in the sun，and flowers on the green hill．Teach him it is far more honorable to fail than to cheat．Teach him to have faith in his own ideas，even if everyone else tells him they are wrong．Teach him to sell his brawn and brains to the highest bidder，but never to
put a price on his heart and soul．Teach him to close his ears to a howling mob．．．and to stand and fight if he thinks he’s right．Teach him gently，World，but don’t coddle him，because only the test of fire makes fine steel．
This is a big order，World，but see what you can do．He’s such a nice little fellow．
英译汉之：新闻材料
（注意：标题的翻译要出彩）
How China Does 'The Bachelor'
More than 50,000 young beauties from across China have lined up to win a date with one of 18 young, millionaire bachelors.The contest is the latest in a trend of beauty contests for the rich that has been criticized heavily in the media, on the net, and even by the government.The new contest was organized online, and its first round was held simultaneously in several major cities.Most contestants have already gone home in defeat, having failed an examination by feng shui masters to see whether they have a 'lucky face', according to an article on the People's Daily's
English website.Only 18 finalists will ultimately datethe eligible young men.Editorials in the online edition of China Daily, mirroring the overwhelmingly negative public reaction, blast the contest as 'money worship' and accuse it of treating women as sex objects.Editorialist Zhang Tianpin complains that the contest is the kind of scandalous behavior that makes many Chinese hate wealthy people.Elites should not to flaunt their money to seek beautiful women as partners but invest their money in activities for the benefit of society,' he argues.Some defend the contest by saying that at least the women are mature and chosen not solely for their looks.Men are looking for the whole package: 'beauty, good temperament, psychological balance, sound character, good educational qualification, high moral values, love, and respect for the institution of marriage,' asserts freelance journalist Huang Yunxiang.Indeed, most of the contestants are between 28 and 30, college-educated and have steady jobs.China has seen a steady expansion of elite dating contests, TV shows and websites in recent years.Golden Bachelor
Matchmakers, a high-end dating site, hires 'Love Hunters' to scour the country for attractive women between 5 feet,5 inches and 5 feet, 8 inches.Then, luxurious parties with steep entrance fees pair up rich men with these carefully selected beauties.It is not like they use money to find true love.They just want to have the best options,' Golden Bachelor Chairman Xu Tianli told China Daily.Vocal critics, however, are uncomfortable with the impact of these beauty contests on Chinese culture.According to an online article in the Global Times, the government has ordered all TV stations to stop showing 22-year-old fashion model Ma Nuo after she made comments that Chinese audiences deemed 'too materialistic.'
On a TV dating show, Ma refused an unemployed man's offer of a bicycle ride, saying: 'I would rather weep in a BMW than smile on your bicycle.'
中国各地五万多名年轻美女报名应征与18位年轻的单身男富豪约会的机会，这是美女争嫁富豪潮流的新一波，媒体、网络甚至中国政府一直在对这种活动进行严厉谴责。
ZUMApress.com舟山国际海洋小姐大赛的参赛选手为拍摄合影摆姿势。这次活动是在线组织的，第一轮竞争在几个大城市同步举行。据《人民日报》(People's Daily)英文网络版报道，大多数应征者未能通过风水师审查她们是否有“旺夫相”这一关，已失败回家。
仅有18名进入决赛的美女将最终获得约会机会，如果幸运的话，还将嫁给合适 的年轻男士。
《中国日报》(China Daily)网络版评论反映出多数公众对这一事件持完全否定态度，抨击这种活动是“拜金”，并指责这种作法是将女性视为性玩物。评论人张天频（音）批评说，这是一种可耻的行径，使得众多中国人仇视富人。
他说，精英人士不应化大钱找美女结婚，而应将钱用于造福社会等活动。
有人为这类活动辩解说，至少这些女性是成熟的，不光凭外表入选。自由撰稿人黄云翔（音）说，男性追求的女性条件是：相貌好、有气质、心态平和、性格好、受过良好教育、有高尚的价值观、有爱心而且要尊重婚姻。的确，大多数应征者年龄为28至30岁之间，受过大学教育，且有稳定的工作。
近年来，中国的精英婚恋活动、电视婚恋节目及婚恋网络呈逐渐增加趋势。一家高端婚恋网站钻石王老五征婚网(Golden Bachelor Matchmakers)雇佣“爱情猎头”在全国搜寻1.65米至1.72米的魅力女性。而后举行入场费昂贵的奢侈派对将这些精心挑拣出来的美女与富豪配对。
钻石王老五征婚网总裁徐天立接受《中国日报》采访时说，富豪们用钱不可能找到真爱。他们只是想有最好的选择。
但直言不讳的评论家们，就美女争嫁富豪类征婚活动对中国文化的冲击非常不安。据《环球时报》一篇在线文章称，政府已下令所有的电视台封杀22岁的时装模特马诺，此前她的言论让中国观众认为“过于功利化”。
之前在一个电视婚恋节目《非诚勿扰》中，马诺拒绝了一位失业男士的求婚，她说，“我宁愿坐在宝马里哭，也不坐在自行车后座上笑”。
不要抛弃学问
Never give up the pursuit of learning.诸位毕业同学：
Dear students of the Graduating Class，你们现在要离开母校了，我没有什么礼物送你们，只好送你们一句话罢。
As you are leaving your alma mater, I have nothing to offer you as a gift except a word of advice.这一句话是：“不要抛弃学问。”以前的功课也许有一大部分是为了这张毕业文凭，不得已而做的，从今以后，你们可以依自己的心愿自由去研究了。趁现在年富力强的时候，努力做一种专门学问。少年是一去不复返的，等到精力衰时，要做学问也来不及了。即为吃饭计，学问决不会辜负人的。吃饭而不求学问，三年五年之后，你们都要被后来少年淘汰掉的。到那时再想做点学问来补救，恐怕已太晚了。My advice is, “Never give up the pursuit of learning.” You have perhaps finished your college courses mostly for obtaining the diploma, or, in other words, out of sheer necessity.However, from now on you are free to follow your own bent in the choice of studies.While you are in the prime of life, why not devote yourselves to a special field of study? Youth will soon be gone never to return.And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.Knowledge will do you a good turn even as a means of subsistence.If you give up studies while holding a job，you will in a couple of years have had yourselves replaced by young people.It will then be too late to remedy the situation by picking up studies again.有人说：“出去做事之后，生活问题急需解决，哪有工夫去读书？即使要做学问，既没有图书馆，又没有实验室，哪能做学问？” Sone people say, “Once you have a job, you'll come up against the urgent problem of making a living.How can you manage to find time to study? Even if you want to, will it be possible with no library or laboratory available?” 我要对你们说：凡是要等到有了图书馆方才读书，有了图书馆也不肯读书。凡是要等到有了实验室方才做研究的，有了实验室也不肯做研究。你有了决心要研究一个问题，自然会撙衣节食去买书，自然会想出法子来设置仪器。
Now let me tell you this.Those who refuse to study for lack of a liabrary will most probably continue to do so even though there is a library.And those who refuse to do research for lack of a laboratory will most probably continue to do so even though a laboratory is available.As long as you set your mind on studies, you
will naturally cut down on food and clothing to buy books or do everything possible to acquire necessary instruments.至于时间，更不成问题。达尔文一生多病，不能多作工，每天只能做一点钟的工作。你看他的成绩！每天花一点钟看10页有用的书，每年可看3600多页书，30年可读11万页书。Time is no object.Charles Darwin could only work one hour a day due to ill health.Yet what a remarkable man he was!If you spend one hour a day reading 10 pages of a book, you can finish more than 3,600 pages a year, and 110,000 pages in 30 years.诸位，11万页书可以使你成一个学者了。可是，每天看三种小报也得费你一点钟的工夫，四圈麻将也得费你一点半钟的光阴。看小报呢？还是打麻将呢？还是努力做一个学者呢？全靠你们自己的选择！
Dear students, 110000 pages will be quite enough to make a learned man of you.It will take you one hour to read three tabloids a day, and one and half hours to finish four rounds of mah-jong a day.Reading tabloids, playing mah-jongs or striving to be a learned man, the choice lies with you.易卜生说：“你的最大责任是把你这块材料铸造成器。” Henrik Ibsen says, “It's your supreme duty to cast yourself into a useful implement.” 学问便是铸器的工具。抛弃了学问便是毁了你们自己。Learning is the casting mould.Forsake learning, and you will ruin yourself.再会了！你们的母校眼睁睁地要看你们十年之后成什么器。Farewell!Your alma mater is watching eagerly to see what will become of you ten years from now.①“不要抛弃学问”在这里的意思是“不要放弃对学问的追求”，因此不能直译为 Never Give up Learning，必须加字：Never Give up the Pursuit of Learning.②“你们可以依自己的心愿自由去研究了”译为you are free to follow your own bent in the choice of studies，其中 to follow one's own bent 是成语，和 to follow one's inclination 同义，作“做自己感兴趣或爱做的事”解。③“做学问”译为 to go into scholarship, 等于 to engage in learning。
④“学问决不会辜负人的”译为 Knowledge will do you a good turn，其中 to do one a good turn 是成语，作“"做对某人有益的事”解。
⑤“撙衣节食”即“省吃省穿”，现译为 cut down on food and clothing, 其中 to cut down on 是成语，与 to economize on 同义，作“节约”解。又，上语也可译为 to live frugally.⑥“至于时间，更不成问题”译为 Time is no object, 其中 no object 是成语，等于 no problem, 作“不成问题”或“不在话下”解。
⑦“全靠你们自己的选择”译为 the choie lies with you 或 it is up to you to make the choice.⑧“你们的母校眼睁睁地要看......”中的“眼睁睁地”通常的意思是“无可奈何地”，现在这里做“热切地”解，故译为eagerly。
汉翻英：桂林位于广西壮族自治区的东北角，被誉为“最美的和最值得外国游客观光的中国城市”。中国广泛流传这样一句话：桂林山水甲天下。岩溶峰林地貌，晶莹剔透的江水，经常浮现与中国艺术作品中，而神奇独特的洞穴更为桂林美景增添不少景致。
Situated in the northeast corner of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Gulin is hailed by many as the most beautifu place in China and one of the must-see destinations for most foreign tourists.There is a popular Chinese saying,”Guilin’s scenery bests all others in the world”.Its shapely-rising limestone towers and crystal-clear waters are often portrayed in Chinese artworks.Adding to its natural beauty are many fascinating caves.英译汉之一：
How China Does “The Bachelor”
More than 50,000 young beauties from across China have lined up to win a date with one of 18 young, millionaire bachelors.The contest is the latest in a trend of beauty contests for the rich that has been criticized heavily in the media, on the
net, and even by the government.中国各地五万多名年轻美女报名应征与18位年轻的单身男富豪约会的机会，这是美女争嫁富豪潮流的新一波，媒体、网络甚至中国政府一直在对这种活动进行严厉谴责。
The new contest was organized online, and its first round was held simultaneously in several major cities.Most contestants have already gone home in defeat, having failed an examination by feng shui masters to see whether they have a 'lucky face', according to an article on the People's Daily's English website.Only 18 finalists will ultimately datethe eligible young men.ZUMApress.com舟山国际海洋小姐大赛的参赛选手为拍摄合影摆姿势。这次活动是在线组织的，第一轮竞争在几个大城市同步举行。据《人民日报》(People's Daily)英文网络版报道，大多数应征者未能通过风水师审查她们是否有“旺夫相”这一关，已失败回家。
仅有18名进入决赛的美女将最终获得约会机会，如果幸运的话，还将嫁给合适的年轻男士。
Editorials in the online edition of China Daily, mirroring the
overwhelmingly negative public reaction, blast the contest as 'money worship' and accuse it of treating women as sex objects.Editorialist Zhang Tianpin complains that the contest is the kind of scandalous behavior that makes many Chinese hate wealthy people.Elites should 'not to flaunt their money to seek beautiful women as partners but invest their money in activities for the benefit of society,' he argues.《中国日报》(China Daily)网络版评论反映出多数公众对这一事件持完全否定态度，抨击这种活动是“拜金”，并指责这种作法是将女性视为性玩物。评论人张天频（音）批评说，这是一种可耻的行径，使得众多中国人仇视富人。
他说，精英人士不应化大钱找美女结婚，而应将钱用于造福社会等活动
Some defend the contest by saying that at least the women are mature and chosen not solely for their looks.Men are looking for the whole package: 'beauty, good temperament, psychological balance, sound character, good educational qualification, high moral values, love, and respect for the institution of marriage,' asserts freelance journalist Huang Yunxiang.Indeed, most of the contestants are between 28 and 30, college-educated and have steady jobs.有人为这类活动辩解说，至少这些女性是成熟的，不光凭外表入选。自由撰稿人黄云翔（音）说，男性追求的女性条件是：相貌好、有气质、心态平和、性格好、受过良好教育、有高尚的价值观、有爱心而且要尊重婚姻。的确，大多数应征者年龄为28至30岁之间，受过大学教育，且有稳定的工作。
China has seen a steady expansion of elite dating contests, TV shows and websites in recent years.Golden Bachelor Matchmakers, a high-end dating site, hires 'Love Hunters' to scour the country for attractive women between 5 feet, 5 inches and 5 feet, 8 inches.Then, luxurious parties with steep entrance fees pair up rich men with these carefully selected beauties.'It is not like they use money to find true love.They just want to have the best options,' Golden Bachelor Chairman Xu Tianli told China Daily.近年来，中国的精英婚恋活动、电视婚恋节目及婚恋网络呈逐渐增加趋势。一家高端婚恋网站钻石王老五征婚网(Golden Bachelor Matchmakers)雇佣“爱情猎头”在全国搜寻1.65米至1.72米的魅力女性。而后举行入场费昂贵的奢侈派对将这些精心挑拣出来的美女与富豪配对。
钻石王老五征婚网总裁徐天立接受《中国日报》采访时
说，富豪们用钱不可能找到真爱。他们只是想有最好的选择。
Vocal critics, however, are uncomfortable with the impact of these beauty contests on Chinese culture.According to an online article in the Global Times, the government has ordered all TV stations to stop showing 22-year-old fashion model Ma Nuo after she made comments that Chinese audiences deemed 'too materialistic.'
On a TV dating show, Ma refused an unemployed man's offer of a bicycle ride, saying: 'I would rather weep in a BMW than smile [on your] bicycle.'但直言不讳的评论家们，就美女争嫁富豪类征婚活动对中国文化的冲击非常不安。据《环球时报》一篇在线文章称，政府已下令所有的电视台封杀22岁的时装模特马诺，此前她的言论让中国观众认为“过于功利化”。
之前在一个电视婚恋节目《非诚勿扰》中，马诺拒绝了一位失业男士的求婚，她说，“我宁愿坐在宝马里哭，也不坐在自行车后座上笑”。
钻石王老五征婚：美女蜂拥 媒体炮轰
中国各地五万多名年轻美女报名应征与18位年轻的单
身男富豪约会的机会，这是美女争嫁富豪潮流的新一波，媒体、网络甚至中国政府一直在对这种活动进行严厉谴责。
ZUMApress.com舟山国际海洋小姐大赛的参赛选手为拍摄合影摆姿势。这次活动是在线组织的，第一轮竞争在几个大城市同步举行。据《人民日报》(People's Daily)英文网络版报道，大多数应征者未能通过风水师审查她们是否有“旺夫相”这一关，已失败回家。
仅有18名进入决赛的美女将最终获得约会机会，如果幸运的话，还将嫁给合适的年轻男士。
《中国日报》(China Daily)网络版评论反映出多数公众对这一事件持完全否定态度，抨击这种活动是“拜金”，并指责这种作法是将女性视为性玩物。评论人张天频（音）批评说，这是一种可耻的行径，使得众多中国人仇视富人。
他说，精英人士不应化大钱找美女结婚，而应将钱用于造福社会等活动
有人为这类活动辩解说，至少这些女性是成熟的，不光凭外表入选。自由撰稿人黄云翔（音）说，男性追求的女性条件是：相貌好、有气质、心态平和、性格好、受过良好教育、有高尚的价值观、有爱心而且要尊重婚姻。的确，大多数应征者年龄为28至30岁之间，受过大学教育，且有稳定的工作。
近年来，中国的精英婚恋活动、电视婚恋节目及婚恋网
络呈逐渐增加趋势。一家高端婚恋网站钻石王老五征婚网(Golden Bachelor Matchmakers)雇佣“爱情猎头”在全国搜寻1.65米至1.72米的魅力女性。而后举行入场费昂贵的奢侈派对将这些精心挑拣出来的美女与富豪配对。
钻石王老五征婚网总裁徐天立接受《中国日报》采访时说，富豪们用钱不可能找到真爱。他们只是想有最好的选择。
但直言不讳的评论家们，就美女争嫁富豪类征婚活动对中国文化的冲击非常不安。据《环球时报》一篇在线文章称，政府已下令所有的电视台封杀22岁的时装模特马诺，此前她的言论让中国观众认为“过于功利化”。
之前在一个电视婚恋节目《非诚勿扰》中，马诺拒绝了一位失业男士的求婚，她说，“我宁愿坐在宝马里哭，也不坐在自行车后座上笑”。
英汉翻译 ： Mother's Letter to the World Dear World：
My son starts school today．It’s going to be strange and new to him for a while．And I wish you would sort of treat him gently． You see，up to now，he’s been king of the roost．He’s been boss of the back yard．I have always been around to repair his wounds，and to soothe his feelings．
But now― things are going to be different．
This morning，he’s going to walk down the front steps，wave his hand and start on his great adventure that will probably include wars and tragedy and sorrow．To live his life in the world he has to live in will require faith and love and courage．
So，World，I wish you would sort of take him by his young hand and teach him the things he will have to know．Teach him―but gently，if you can．Teach him that for every scoundrel，there is a hero；that for every crooked politician there is a dedicated leader；that for every enemy there is a friend．Teach him the wonders of books．
Give him quiet time to ponder the eternal mystery of birds in the sky，bees in the sun，and flowers on the green hill．
Teach him it is far more honorable to fail than to cheat．Teach him to have faith in his own ideas，even if everyone else tells him they are wrong．Teach him to sell his brawn and brains to the highest bidder，but never to put a price on his heart and soul．Teach him to close his ears to a howling mob．．．and to stand and fight if he thinks he’s right．Teach him gently，World，but don’t coddle him，because only the test of fire makes fine steel．
This is a big order，World，but see what you can do．He’s such a nice little fellow． 亲爱的世界：
我的儿子今天开始上学。在一段时间内，他都会感到既陌生又新鲜。我希望你能对他温柔一点。
你知道，直到现在，他一直是家里的小皇帝；一直是后院的主人。我一直在他身边，为他料理伤口，给他感情上的慰藉。
可是现在———一切都将发生变化。今天早晨，他将走下屋前的台阶，挥挥手，踏上他伟大的冒险征途，途中也许会有战争、悲剧和伤痛。要在他必须生存的世界中生活需要信念、爱心和勇气。
所以，世界，我希望你握住他稚嫩的手，教他必须知道的一些事情。教他———但如果可能的话，温柔点儿。教他知道，世界上有一个恶棍，就有一个英雄；有一个奸诈的政客，就有一个富有奉献精神的领袖；有一个敌人，就有一个朋友。教他感受书本的魅力。给他时间，去安静地思索自然界中永恒的神秘：空中的小鸟，阳光下的蜜蜂，青山上的花朵。教他知道，失败比欺骗要光荣得多。教他要坚信自己的思想，哪怕别人都予以否定。教
他可把自己的体力和脑力以最高价出售，但绝对不要出卖自己的心灵和灵魂。教他对暴徒的嚎叫置若罔闻„„并且在认为自己是对的时候站出来战斗。以温柔的方式教导他，世界，但不要溺爱 他，因为只有烈火才能炼出真钢。
这是个很高的要求，世界，但请你尽力而为。他是一个多么可爱的小伙子。
第五篇：初中课外文言文练习六篇附答案及翻译
楚人学舟
楚①人有习操舟者，其始折旋②疾徐，惟舟师之是听。于是小试洲渚之间，所向莫不如意，遂以为尽操舟之术。遂遮谢舟师，椎③鼓径进，亟犯④大险，乃四顾胆落，坠桨失柁⑤。
【注释】①楚：古国名。②折：调头。旋：转弯。③椎：用椎敲。古代作战，前进时以击鼓为号。④亟：突然。犯：碰到。⑤柁：同“舵”。
11．解释下列句中加下划线的词语。
（1）其始折旋疾徐（）
（2）乃四顾胆落（）
12．用现代汉语解释文中画线的句子。（1）遂以为尽操舟之术。
（2）椎鼓径进…… ___________
13．本文告诉人们的道理是：
鲁人徙越
鲁人身善织屦①，妻善织缟②，而欲徙于越。•或谓之曰：“子必穷矣！”鲁人曰：“何也？”曰：“屦为履③之也，而越人跣④行；缟为冠之也，而越人被发。•以子之所长，游于不用之国，欲使无穷，其可得乎？”（选自《韩非子·说林上》）
【注释】①屦：麻鞋。②缟：白绢，周人用缟做帽子。③履：鞋，这里用作动词，指穿鞋。④跣：赤脚。
14．解释句中加黑字的含义。（1）
（2）
15．翻译划线句。屦为履之也，而越人跣行；缟为冠之也，而越人被发。
16．这篇短文告诉我们一个什么道理
农夫殴宦
尝有农夫以驴负柴至城卖，遇宦者(太监)称“宫市”取之；才与绢数尺，又就索“门户”(指“门户”税)，仍邀(强要)以驴送至内。农夫涕泣，以所得绢付之；不肯受，曰：“须汝驴送柴至内。”农夫曰：“我有父母妻子，待此然后食。今以柴与汝，不取直而归，汝尚不肯，我有死而已！遂殴宦者。1.解释文中加下划线的词语：(1)才与绢数尺（）
(2)）
(3)）
(4)遂殴宦官（）
2.下列句子中加点的“以”与“仍邀以驴送至内”中的“以”用法相同的一项是：()
A、以刀劈狼首
B、余故道为学之难以告之
C、不以物喜，不以己悲
D、有好事者船载以入
3.4.文中卖柴农夫的遭遇，揭露了怎样的社会现实？
敝帚自珍
文人相轻，自古而然。傅毅之于班固①，伯仲之间耳，而固小之，与弟超②书曰：“武
仲以能属文，为兰台令史，下笔不能自休③。”夫人善于自见④，而文非一体⑤，鲜能
备善，是以各以所长，相轻所短。里话⑥曰：“家有弊帚，享之千金。”斯不自见之患也。
注释：①傅毅、班固均为东汉文学家，史学家。②[超]班超。班固之弟，东汉名将。③
[自休](冗长松散)自己也止不住。④[自见]即见自，表现自己的长处。⑤[体]体裁⑥[里语]
俗语，民间谚语。
1.解释下列句中的加下划线的字：(1)自古而然()
(2)()
(3))
(4)()
2.选出与“是以各以所长，相轻所短”中加点的“以”字用法相同的一项：()
A、武仲以能属文
B、威天下不以兵革之利
C、盖亦以精力自致者
D、策之不以其道
樊重树木
樊重欲作器物，先种梓漆，时人嗤之。然积以岁月，皆得其用。向之笑者，咸来求假焉。
引种植之不可已出。谚曰：“一年之计，莫如树谷，十年之计，莫如树木。”此之谓也。
注解：樊重：人名。梓漆：梓树和漆树。
1.解释句中的加下划线词：(1)）
(2)咸来求假焉（）（）
(3)然积以岁月（）
2.下列句中的“之”与“时人嗤之”的“之”用法相同的一项是：()
A、怅恨久之
B、何陋之有
C、亲戚畔之
D、汝心之固，固不可彻
3.用现代汉语翻译句子。一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计，莫如树木。
4.“此之谓也”说的是什么道理？对你有何启示？
道理：
启示：
齐人有好猎者
齐人有好猎者，旷日持久而不得兽，入则羞对其家室。出则愧对其知友，其所以不得之
故，乃狗劣也。欲得良狗，人曰：“君宜致力于耕作。”猎者曰：“何为？”人不对。猎者
自思，得无欲吾致力于耕作有获而后市良犬乎？于是退而疾耕。疾耕则家富，家富则市
得良犬，于是猎兽之获，常过人矣。非独猎也，百事也尽然。
1.解释下列各句中的带下划线的词。
(1)）
(2)其所以不得之故（）
(3)）
(4)（）
2.和“旷日持久而不得兽”的“而”用法不同的一项是：（）
A、于是退而疾耕
B、环而攻之而不胜
C、可远观而不可亵玩焉
D、杀所不足而争所有余
4.读了这则故事，你受到了什么启发？
课外文言文翻译及参考答案
一、楚人学舟
译文：楚地有个学习驾船的人，他（在）开始（的时候）折返、旋转、快、慢，完全听从船师傅的话。于是在江中岛屿之间小试（身手），所做的没有不得心应手的，便以为学全了驾船的技术。马上谢别了船师，击鼓（古人大概是靠击鼓来发布号令的吧）快进，立即就遇上大的危险，就四处张望吓破了胆，桨坠（江）舵失去操控。然而这今天的危急，不就是前面的得意（所造成的）吗？
参考答案： 11．（1）慢；（2）看。12．（1）于是就认为已经完全掌握了驾船方法（技术）。
（2）用椎敲着鼓，径直向前驶去。13．学习、工作不能浅尝辄止（或学习、工作不能自满，或学习、工作应该不断进取）
二、鲁人徙越
译文：鲁国有个人（他）自己善于用麻、葛编织鞋子，（他的）老婆善于织缟（生绢），（他）想移民到越国去。有人对他说：“您（去越国）必然会穷的。”（那）鲁国人说：“为什么？”（回答）说：“屦是用来穿的，但是越人赤脚走路；缟是用来做帽子的，但是越人披发。以您的所长，去到不使用（你的产品）的国家，想让（自己）不穷，这可能吗？”
参考答案：
14、（1）有人（2）凭
15、你们编了麻鞋是给人穿的，可是越国人是光脚走路的。你们织了白绢是给人做帽子戴的，可是越国人是被散头发不戴帽子的。
16、要根据需要来确定行动，否则只能碰钉子。
三、农夫殴宦
翻译：曾经有一个农夫，用驴驮着木柴来卖，宦官自称宫市，拿走他的木柴，给了他几尺绢，又就地索取进奉门户钱，还要求用驴将木柴送到内廷去。农夫哭了，把得到的绢又给了宦官，宦官不肯接受，说：“必须得到你的这匹驴才行。”农夫说：“我家有父母、妻子、儿女，要靠它嫌钱糊口。现在我把木柴给了你，不向你要价钱就往回走了，而你还是不肯放我，我也只有和你拼了！”于是农夫殴打了宦官。（街使的属吏捉住他上报，德宗颁诏将宦官废免，赐给农夫十匹绢。然而，宫市并不因此而改变，谏官与御史们屡次规谏，德宗都不肯听从。）参考答案： 1.(1)给(2)眼泪(3)通“值”价值(4)就 2.A 3.我有父母亲、妻子儿女，等着卖柴得钱后，才能有饭吃。4.揭露了“宫市”对劳动人民的剥削、迫害。
四、敝帚自珍
翻译：文人互相轻视，自古以来就是如此。傅毅和班固两人文才相当，不分高下，然而班固轻视傅毅，他在写给弟弟班超的信中说：“傅武仲因为能写文章当了兰台令史的官职，（但是却）下笔千言，不知所止。大凡人总是善于看到自己的优点，然而文章不是只有一种体裁，很少有人各种体裁都擅长的，因此各人总是以自己所擅长的轻视别人所不擅长的，乡里俗话说：”家中有一把破扫帚，也会看它价值千金。"这是看不清自己的毛病啊。
参考答案：1.(1)这样(2)轻视(3)少(4)害处2.B
五、樊重树木
译文:樊重曾经想制作器物，他就先种植梓材和漆树。当时的人们都对他的做法嗤之以鼻。但是在几年之后，梓树和漆树都派上了用场。过去那些耻笑他的人，现在返过来都向他借这些东西。这说明种植树木是不可以停止的啊！俗谚说：“一年的计划,不如种谷子;十年的计划,不如种树木.”说的就是这件事呀！（做事应从长远考虑）
参考答案：1.(1)从前(2)都、借(3)但是 2.C 3.作一年的打算，不如种谷；作十年的打算，不如种树。4.道理：无论做什么事情都要早作准备，有长远打算。启示：学习也是如此
六、齐人有好猎者
翻译：齐国有个人，喜欢打猎，但空费时日，持续很久，什么野兽也没打到。一到家里，就感到对不起妻室儿女；走出家门，就感到对不起朋友乡邻。仔细想来，那打不到野兽的原因，就是喂的猎狗太不中用。想买一只好狗，家里又十分贫困，买不起。于是，他立即拼命种田。拼命种田，家里就富裕起来；家里富裕起来，也就有钱挑选好狗；猎狗的本领高强，于是每次都能捕获到野兽：从此，他那打猎的收获，经常超过了别人。认准目标，就努力去做，这目标就准能实现，不只打猎是这样，其他事情也都是这样啊!
参考答案：1.(1)在家中(2)原因(3)应该(4)勤奋地耕地 2.A 3.莫非是让我集中精力耕地然后有所收获，再去买条好狗吧。4.人在遇到困难时，不可勉为其难，有时退是为了更好地进。(做任何事情不能一味蛮攻，当失败时，应该注重考虑成功的策略)
