第一篇:小学英语趣味语法
小学英语语法的趣味教学
《英语课程标准》要求在小学阶段进行一些简单而必要的语法教学,为的就是通过教师的语法传授与讲解,着力培养学生用规范的英语进行交际的语言表达能力。那么,如何把枯燥无味乏味的语法变得易懂、有趣呢?我在教学过程中小结了小学英语语法的一些趣味教学方式,让语法教学生动起来,让学生更容易掌握和运用。
一、在情境中讲解语法知识
小学生活泼好动,天性爱玩,过于严肃机械的练习不能引起他们的学习热情。语法教学应该把语法知识与情情境,尤其是课堂真实情景有机地结合起来,这样语法知识就会真切可感,而不是抽象空泛,学生不仅在情境中轻松地掌握了语法,同时还进行了语言实践。例如:在小学英语人教版(PEP)三年级第二册教材中,要适当讲解有关水果单词的复数形式:apple(apples),pear(pears),orange
(oranges),peach(peaches),如何让初学英语的学生明白有些名词是有复数形式的呢?我买了一些不同的水果带到课堂上,具体联系实物介绍水果单词单数和复数的区别与联系,让学生通过直观感受学习名词单复数的语法知识。
二、游戏教学 游戏教学实语法教学中一种行之有效的教学手段,它“习之于嬉”的教学方式、开放活泼的课堂气氛等,为学生的英语学习注入了一股新鲜的活力。例如外研版第六册unit2这一单元,重点是教学“一般将来时”,主要句型是“-What are you going to do?-I’ m going to „.”教学中,我精心设计了这样的游戏:先由我示范动作(演奏某种乐器的动作),让学生猜一猜,老师要做什么表演(用I’m going to play the „.来表达)。然后再由几个学生上台模仿某种乐器的动作,台下的学生用一般将来时的句式来抢答,最后 让同桌之间练习这个游戏,一个表演,一个用句式猜。欢乐祥和的气氛中,新授的语法知识顺利得以认知、练习和巩固。
实际教学中,教师应结合具体教材设计出不同的游戏,把听说读写训练有机的融合进去,将单调的语法知识寓于快乐的游戏之中。
三、编成儿歌,激发兴趣
对于小学生来说,如果一味地进行语法知识的讲解,会觉得枯燥乏味,对学习英语缺乏兴趣,而且会觉得语法学习是一个沉重的负担,但是,如果结合小学生的年龄特点和认知规律把乏味的语法知识编成儿歌,让它富有童谣的节奏感、音乐的韵律感,再让小学生声情并茂的理解与记忆,他们就会想说爱说,进而会说、会用。例如在教学“现在进行时”时,小学生用起来不是丢了be动词,就是丢了ing,于是我把现在进行时编成了儿歌:
现在进行时,be+动词ing, Be随主变有意思,I用am,he she it用is,We you they and 名词复数都用are.何时才用现在进行时? Look,listen now 看仔细,Is am are 与动词ing 是一体,加在一起才是现在进行时。
通过这一儿歌,学生学起来更加科学省力,很少再有少be缺ing的错误了。
四、巧妙比喻,化解难点
小学生的年龄特点决定他们思考问题都喜欢与他们身边所熟悉的事物构建联系,使这些问题更加生动直观、简单化。例如,他们在学习一般现在时的时候,对于人称代词的区别及相应的动词转换形式总是区分不开。于是,我把he,she,it(某一物/人等第三人称单数)比作《西游记》里的妖怪,这类人通常(usually,sometimes,often,always,every)单独行动,必死(s谐音)无疑,因此这一类人称作主语时动词分别加s/es去辅y加ies,再者,孙悟空总是借助别人的帮助打死(谐音does)妖怪,而打死妖怪总是要现原形,因此,句型转换与does有关,别忘了动词恢复原形。而对于人称I,we,you,they及可数名词复数比作我们自己人,人多力量大,通常遇困难面不改色(动词原形),做不做都要do(句型转换用do)。通过这一形象比喻,学生充分了解了一般现在时的用法,逐步构建起清晰且完整的语法结构,消除了学习障碍,也可谓是东西方文化的融合,语法知识最终得以牢固地储存于学生大脑中。
“教无定法,学无定法”,老师应精心钻研教材,根据不同的语法项目挖掘与活化语法教学途径,让学生在兴趣、规则和好奇心的驱使下,进行有效的情感表达与信息交流,从而把教材的语法规则转化成声情并茂,趣味横生的语言实践活动。
第二篇:小学生英语趣味语法及练习
演讲稿 工作总结 调研报告 讲话稿 事迹材料 心得体会 策划方案
小学生英语趣味语法及练习
Contents
(小学英语语法复习)名词复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列单词的复数形式。
1.bus???buses??? ?2.box???boxes??? ??3.glass???glasses?? ???4.class???classes???
5.watch?watches 6.mango??mangoes?7.firefly fireflies 8.sheep?? sheep?
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9.people ?people? ?10.man?? men???11.woman??women?? 12.apple? apples??? 13.family families? 14.library? libraries? ?15.baby??babies16.boy??boys 17.toy??toys??18.child??children?? 19.foot??feet??? 20.strawberry?strawberries?
21.horse?horse 22.policeman policemen???23.dress dresses 24.fish???fish?
25.tooth teeth 26.country countries 27.foot feet 28.dragonfly dragonflies 29.me us 30.building buildings 31.cloth clothes 32.this these
33.that those 34.circle circles 35.story stories
写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______?? juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
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鹅,足,牙齿oo变ee; 其实老鼠也好记ous变ic; 孩子加上ren,鱼鹿绵羊不用记。
二、名词所有格的构成法
1.主要是在词尾加’ s 构成。如:
This is Tom’s desk.这是汤姆的书桌。
That is Mike’s book.那是迈克的书。
Tom’s and sandy’s book 分别拥有
Tom and sandy’s book 共同拥有
2.如果原名词已经有复数词尾s ,则仅加一个’.如:
the teachers’ reading room
教师阅览室
the pupils’ pencil-boxes
学生们的文具盒
teachers’ day
3.如果原词是复数形式,但不是以s 结尾,变为所有格形式需在后面加上’ s。如:
the children’s palace
少年宫
men’s room
男厕所
*名词所有格口诀:
名词所有格,s前面加一撇’,复数s放在尾,后加一撇就完结,两人共有算一个,后面只加一个撇。
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名词练习题
一、写出下列名词的复数形式
1.computer ____________ 2.apple ____________
3.city ______________ 4.house _____________
5.sheep _____________ 6.watch ______________ 7.tomato _____________8.child _____________
9.tooth ________ 10.foot ______________
11.wife _____________12.potato ____________ 13.play _____________
14.day ____________
15.glass ______________ 16.radio ______________ 17.zoo ______________
18.life ______________ 19.story _____________ 20.leaf _____________
21.baby _____________ 22.dress _____________ 23.butterfly _____________24.deer _____________ 25.class _____________ 26.brush _____________ 27.key _____________ 28.English ____________29.mouse ____________30.man _____________
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二、汉译英
1.Tom的足球 _________________ 2.老师们的自行车_________________ 3.学生们的课桌 _________________
4.哥哥的文具盒_________________ 5.姑姑的卡片 _________________
6.猴子们的香蕉_________________ 7.蚂蚁们的早餐 _________________
8.妈妈的包_________________ 9.姐姐的连衣裙_________________
10女孩们的苹果_________________
三、把下列句子翻译成英文 1.这些 是Peter 的篮球吗?
________________________________________ 2.这个是老师的钢笔吗?
___________________________________________ 3.有一些书在Sam的课桌上。________________________________________ 4.有一些孩子们在教室里。___________________________________________
四、改错(圈出错处,在横线上改正过来)
1.There are some butterflys on the table.________________________
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2.This is Alice dress.______________________ 3.I like tomato very much.__________________
五、将下列句子变成复数形式。1.This dog is brown.___________________________________________________ 2.There is a book and a pen on the table.___________________________________________________ 3.That woman is a teacher.___________________________________________________
能力测试卷(名词)
一、将下列名词变成复数形式。
1.plane
tree
lesson month
apple
shirt 2.box
bus
brush
watch
class
fox 3.knife
life
leaf
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Wife
thief 4.day
boy
monkey baby
country
story 5.photo
radio
piano tomato
hero 6.child
tooth
man
Sheep
English
Chinese
二、判断正误,并改正错句,正确的打“
√ ” 1.The house is my brother.________________________ 2.He has visited many country.______________________ 3.They are Englishs.______________________________ 4.This is Tom red bike.____________________________
三、选择填空
1.There are two ______ in the room.A.Chineses
B.Englishman 2.The old man will have ___________ out.A.two tooths
B.two teeth 3.____________ are sold in this bookstore.A.Children’s books
B.Children books 4.Some friends of _________ will come here.A.John’s
B.John
5.Can you give me ______________?
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A.some papers
B.a piece of paper 6.There are ______________ on the floor.A.some box
B.some boxes
四、将下列句子变成复数形式。1.This sheep is white.___________________________________________________ 2.There is a desk and a chair in the room.___________________________________________________ 3.That man is a doctor.___________________________________________________
第二章 代词
一、人称代词
1.人称代词即表示“你、我、他、你们、我们、他们”等的词,它的人称、数和格的变化见下表:
数 人称 主格 宾格 单数 第一人称 I
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me 第二人称 you you 第三人称 he she it him her it 复数 第一人称 We us 第二人称 you you
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第三人称 they them 主格与宾格:
人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语;宾格主要用作宾语。
人称代词主格用在句首作主语。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽车上。
人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。This pen is bad.I can’t write with it.这支钢笔不好,我没法用它写字。2.人称代词的排列顺序
人称代词并列使用时,通常以下列顺序出现,请熟悉并记忆。1)单数代词:you and I;you and he;he and I;you ,he and I 2)复数代词:we and they;we and you;you and they;we, you and they 3)第三人称单数代词:he and she *人称代词排序口诀:人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见;
单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三;
麻烦事情“我”站前,其他人称没意见;
两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯。
二、物主代词
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物
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主代词。
人称 类别
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性 my our your your his,her,its their 名词性 mine
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our yours yours his,hers,its theirs 名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词
例,Whose coat is this? 这是谁的上衣?
It’s hers.是她的。
hers= her coat *关于物主代词的口诀:
物主代词很重要,译成汉语都有“的”,后面必须加上物,否则就要犯错误,my your his her its our their 不放过。
形容词性是基础,除了我的?“mine”外,其他词尾“s”性
形物代能力差,出门常把名词加;名物代能力强,常来独去又独往。
三、反身代词
反身代词也叫“自身代词”,表示“**自己”。数
人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
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单数 myself yourself himself, herself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves I can do it by myself.我自己能做这件事。*反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀:
反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加,其余开头用物主,复数-ves替-f
四、指示代词
This(这个)-------these(这些)指近处的事物 That(那个)-------these(那些)指远处的事物
例,This is a book.这是本书。
These are some books.这些是书。
That is a car.那是辆小汽车。
Those are some cars.那些是小汽车。
代词练习题
一、根据题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Mary is a friend of ______________.(I)
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2.This is ________(she)ruler.________(I)is in the bag.3.Her brother is too young to look after _________(he)4.This is _________(I)book.This book is _________(I).5.These pens are _________(we).二、填写下列表格。人称代词 我 我们 你,你们 他 她 它 他们 主
格
宾
格
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形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
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反身代词
三、改写下列句子
Eg, This is my book.------The book is mine.1.That is her ruler._________________________________ 2.These are their footballs.__________________________________ 3.This is my backpack.____________________________________ 4.Those are your boxes.____________________________________
四、把下列句子改写成复数。1.This is a butterfly.____________________________________________ 2.That is a bus.________________________________________________ 3.It is a mouse.________________________________________________
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五、改错。
1.This is mine lamp.___________________________________________ 2.These are ours books.____________________________________________ 3.That are their teacher.___________________________________________ 4.The house is my brother.________________________ 5.He has visited many country.______________________ 6.They are Chineses.______________________________ 7.This is Tom red bike.____________________________
能力测试卷(代词)
一、帮下面的好朋友团圆(连线)
I
她
its
我们
her
他(她,它)们
we
我they
你的
their
他(她,它)们
your
她的
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she
它的
二、填空
1.She’s a teacher.This is _________ bag.2.He’s a driver.This is ___________ taxi.3.I am a boy.__________ name is Peter.4.--What’s __________ name?
--My name is Tony.5.It’s my puppy.______ name is Mimi.三、选择
()1.Your book is not so old as _________.A.him
B.he
C.his
D.she()2._____ book is it ? It’s ________.A.Whose…her
B.Whose… hers
Whom… her
()3.He is a friend of ________.A.our
B.us
C.my
D.mine
四、改错
1.I, you and he are all teachers._______________________________
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D.
第三篇:小学英语现在进行时语法讲解
现在进行时 用法
现在进行时,用来表示正在进行或发生的动作。“结构是:be(am, is, are)+动词现在分词形式。
一、陈述句(肯定句)主语+be(am, is, are)+现在分词,如: I am reading English.我正在读英语。He is writing.他正在写字。You are running.你正在跑步。二、一般疑问句
Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语+现在分词,如: 1.-Are you singing?你正在唱歌吗?
-Yes, I am.是的,我在唱歌。(No, I'm not.不,我不在唱歌。)2.-Is he(she)listening to music?他(她)在听音乐吗?
-Yes, he(she)is.是的,他(她)在听音乐。[No, he(she)isn't.不,他(她)不在听音乐。
三、特殊疑问句
疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词,如: 1.-What are you doing? 你正在干什么?-I am doing my homework.我正在做作业。
2.-What is he(she)doing?他(她)正在干什么?
-He(She)is riding a bike.他(她)正在骑自行车。
四、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
五、需要掌握的进行时变化形式:sleeping, climbing, fighting, swinging, drinking water。
drawing pictures, doing the dishes, cooking dinner, reading a book, answering the phone,listening to music, washing clothes, cleaning the room, writing a letter, writing an e-mail,flying, jumping, walking, running, swimming,sleeping, climbing, fighting, swinging, drinking water.其次,”我“向你们介绍”我“的三位好伙伴: look(看)、listen(听)、now(现在),它们和”我“经常出现在句子中。请看:
Look!Jack is swimming.看!杰克正在游泳。
Listen!She is singing.听!她正在唱歌。I am cleaning my room now.现在我正在打扫房间。
听了”我“的自述后,小朋友们,你们一定更加了解”我"了吧。
.用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy _is___drawing_____(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _______________(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _________________(cook)some nice food now.4.What _____ you ______(do)now? 5.Look.They _______________(have)an English lesson.6.They ____________(not ,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls ________________(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen)to music.9.It’s 5 o’clock now.We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes? Yes ,she is.II.写出下列动词的-ing形式
run swing jump write do answer III.连词成句。
1..is The water elephant its drinking with trunk._________________________________________ 2 swim? really Can tigers
3.reading are in They study the books 4.is baby panda What doing? the 5 speak dad, Can your I to please.IV.选择填空
()1.What are you _______ now? A.doing B.do C.does()2.It’s _______ English book.A.a B.an C.the()3.I like English ________.A.very B.much C.very much()4.I’m ________ an e-mail.A.writing B.writeing C.writting()5.Tom is reading _________.A.book B.a books C.a book()6.Kate is _______.A.runing B.running C.run()7.Can the rabbit ? A.jumping B.jump C.jumps()8.Ducks are swimming _______ the river.A.on B.under C.in()9.We’re listening _______ music.A.to B.at C.of()10.What _______ they doing now? A.is B.am C.are()11.What _____ you doing? A.is B.are C.do)12.______ is your brother doing? A.Who B.What’s C.What()13.I am talking ____ you.A.for B.to C.on 14.Mom is ______ a letter.A.writing B.write C.writing()15.What is ________ doing? A.she B.her C.your V.根据上下文补上所缺的单词的ing形式,使短文完整。
(write do cook clean wash answer listen draw read work)Everybody is very busy.Grandpa is _______ a letter.Grandma is _______ a book.Dad is ______ in the study.Mom is _______ dinner in the kitchen.Brother is _______ to music.Sister is _______ the room.I am _______ pictures.Uncle is ________ the phone.Aunt is ______ clothes.Cousin is _____ homework.VI.写出下列词的 –ing 形式。
read ________ draw _______ cook ________ make _________ talk _________ answer ________ wash _________ go _________ fly _______
第四篇:小学四年级英语常用语法总结
小学四年级英语常用语法总结
(一)情态动词can
can 在英语中有一个特殊的名字,叫做情态动词,表示“能够”,“会”,“能力”后面要跟着表示动作的动词。没有时态和人称的变化。表示不能做什么的时候,后面加上 not为can not,或者缩写为can’t。问别人“能…吗?”要把can 放在句子前面,首字母要大写,句尾别忘加上问号。
例句:
—I can swing.I can draw.—She can jump.He can play.—We can touch.They can run.—I can’t sing.You can’t see.—She can’t dance.He can’t hear a car.—We can’t hear an aeroplane.—Can you hear a dog?Can he hear a bus? —Can Lucy write?Can you do it? 将下面各组词组成句子
1._____________(an,aeroplane,hear,Lucy,can)2._____________________(not,he,dance,can)3.__________________?(you,can,see,what)4._________________(can,see,not,we,you)5._________________.(I,can,help,you)6._____________________?(I,can,do,what)7.___________________?(you,can,hear me)8.___________________?(you,can,dance)(二)人称代词所属格
注意:主格作主语,其中she指带代国家,it可指代天气时间等。宾格作宾语,介词宾语,表语。动词后面用人称宾格 形容词性物主代词作定语。
名词性物主代词作主语,宾语,介词宾语,表语书信yours… 表示----的,这样的词我们也学习很多了,你能想出来吗? 记住这个小口诀就很容易了:我的 my,你的your,他的 his、她的her.//它的是its;我们的 our;你们的是 your他们(它们,她们)的是their//这些人称代词形式称为人称代词所属格,也叫形容词性物主代词。通常用在名词前面表示所属关系。另外,表示某人的还可以用名词或人名+ ’s 来表示。如: mykite;yourbook;hispen;hercoat;itstail;our class;their teachers;my brother’s;book;the cat’s ears;Mary’s mother 一.写出下列人称代词的所属格形式
I________ you_________ he______________ She_________ it____________ we_____________ You_________ they_________ 二.用合适的人称代词填空
(1)This is Ben.This is _______bicycle.(2)I am Kitty.______ bag is blue(3)She’s Alice.That’s _____ umbrella.(4)You are Mr Li.______ car is black.(5)Is this ______ hat? Yes,it’s my hat.(6)That’s my mother.That’s _____ coat.(7)Where’s ______ scarf? Here you are.(8)He’s Mr Wang._____ gloves are new.三.翻译下列词组
1.你的名字 _____________ 2.我们班___________ 3.他的小弟弟____________ 4.我祖母___________ 5.它的尾巴 ______________ 6.我的鞋____________ 7.她的围巾________________ 8.我的衬衫_________ 9.他们的老师______________ 10.玛丽的雨伞_________ 四.用下列单词组句
1.___________________________(my,is,name,Tom)2.____________________________(is,miss,Gao,our,friend)3.____________________________(is what,your number,telephone)4.____________________________?(mother,your,a teacher,is)5.____________________________?(who’s,cap 四.用下列单词组句
1.___________________________(my,is,name,Tom)2.____________________________(is,miss,Gao,our,friend)3.____________________________(is what,your number,telephone)4.____________________________?(mother,your,a teacher,is)5.____________________________?(who’s,cap(三)介词、连词和感叹词
1.介词:介词是一种虚词,不能单独使用,必须在介词后面加上个名词或代词使用,作句子成份。介词后面的名词(或相当于名词的其它词)叫做介词的宾语。介词和介词宾语合称为介词短语。介词短语在句中可作壮语、定语或表语。
介词如: in 在…里面on在…上面under在…下面等。in the classroom in the tree in the hall on the road on the desk on the floor under the table under the bed under the chair 2.连词:连词是用来连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子等的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词,在句子中不能单独作句子成分。连词分两类:一类叫等立连词,另一类叫从属连词。
(1).等立连词是用来连接同等的词、词组和分句的。等立连词有许多 我们现在只学到了and和but,其他的以后学到再介绍。
如:A and B;blue and white;an apple and a banana;a car and a bus;Lucy and Ben;Ben and Kitty;This is a lorry and that’s a drill.I like dolls and you like robots.(2).从属连词是用来引起从句的、从属连词又分为 1)引起名词性从句的连接词,如:if,that 等。
2)引起壮语从句的连接词,如:when,after,befare等。以后会逐渐学到再介绍。3.感叹词: 表示说话人的某种感情(惊讶,高兴,痛苦等)的词叫感叹词。感叹词后常用感叹号。常用的感叹词有:oh(表示惊奇或痛苦),ah(表示惊奇或满意),hello(常被用来打招呼相当于汉语的“喂!”),well(表示惊讶,无奈)如:Hello.Are you Mary? 练习:翻译下列词组 1.在桌子上面
2.在树下面 3.在椅子上面
4.在盒子里面 5.在黑板上
6.在书里 7.在脸上
8.在公共汽车上 9.一只猫和一只狗.10.又小又胖
答案:1.on the desk 2.under the tree 3.on the chair 4.in the box
5.on the blackboard 6.in the book 7.on the face 8.on the bus
9.a cat and a dog
10.small and fat(四)单数句和复数句:
口诀:单数句子变,变化规则要记住。名词代词要变化,am,is要变are。
this,that变成啥,these,those来替它。he,she,it要变啥,全部变they不用怕。I要变we莫落下,名词后面把s/es加。名前冠词去掉它,其余成分原样加。具体注意下面的六要素:
1.单数主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we;you→you;she,he,it→they。如: She is a girl.→They are girls.2.am,is要变为are。如: I‘m a student.→We are students.3.不定冠词a,an要去掉。如: He is a boy.→They are boys.4.普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如: It is a cat.→They are cats.5.指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如: This is a book.→These are books.6.man,woman作定语修饰可数名词时,要在 ”数”上与被修饰名词保持一致。但其他名词修饰名词表示 ”性质”时,不作变化。如:
He is a man doctor.→They are men doctors.This is an apple tree.→They are apple trees.单复数相互转换,每空一词(含缩写)。1.The woman is a nurse.(改为复数句)The _________ _________ _________.2.There are some old cars.(改为单数句)There _______ _______ old _______.3.He has a new book.(改为复数句)______ ______ new _______.4.Are these your chicks ?(改为单数句)_____ _______ your _______? 5.Is there a sheep in the playground?(改为复数句)____ there ____ ____ in the playground?(五)一般疑问句及特殊疑问句 句子基本是:简单陈述句,由简单陈述句转变成肯定句,否定句,疑问句。疑问句是用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句: 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。我们现在已经接触到了前两种疑问句。后两种疑问句以后我们还会学到.一.一般疑问句:
英语中要用 yes和no 来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。如: 1)Is it hot ?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.—— be动词引导 2)Is it a car ?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.—— be动词引导 3)Is this your ruler ?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.—— be动词引导 4)Do you like bananas ?——含实义动词
Yes,I like bananas.No,I don’t like bananas.5)Can Ming hear a drill ?——含情态动词
Yes,Ming can hear a drill.No,Ming can’t hear a drill..陈述句(肯定句,否定句,一般疑问句)的转变规律: 1.肯定句:2.否定句:3.一般疑问句及肯否定回答
1)主语+be动词+….1)主语+be动词+not+….1)be动词+主语+…? Yes,主语+be动词./ No,主语+be动词+not.I am a teacher.I amnot a teacher.Are you a teacher?--Yes,I am./ No,I am not.My mother is thin.My mother is not /isn’t thin.Is your mother thin?--Yes,she is./ No,she isn’t.They areinsects.They are not/aren’t insects.Are they insects?--Yes.they are./ No,they aren’t.2)主语+情态动词can+… 2)主语+情态动词can+ not+….2)情态动词can+主语+…? Yes,主语+情态动词can/ No,主语+情态动词can+ not He can jump.He cannot/can’tjump.Can he jump?--Yes,he can./ No,he can’t.3)助动词do/does+主语+….动词原形+….动词原形? Yes,主语+助动词do/does.No,主语+助动词do/does+not.He likes to eat apples.He doesn’t like to eat apples.Does he like to eat apples? Yes,he does./ No,he doesn’t.二.祈使句:表示请求、命令、建议或劝告等的句子叫祈使句,主语you常省略。
1、肯定形式:一般以动词原形开头。Open the door,please.2、否定形式:在句首谓语动词前加Don‘t。Don‘t be late for class.三特殊疑问句(又叫wh-question)用特殊疑问词来提出问题的疑问句叫作特(五)一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
句子基本是:简单陈述句,由简单陈述句转变成肯定句,否定句,疑问句。疑问句是用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句: 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。我们现在已经接触到了前两种疑问句。后两种疑问句以后我们还会学到.一.一般疑问句:
英语中要用 yes和no 来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。如: 1)Is it hot ?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.—— be动词引导 2)Is it a car ?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.—— be动词引导 3)Is this your ruler ?Yes,it is.No,it isn’t.—— be动词引导 4)Do you like bananas ?——含实义动词 Yes,I like bananas.No,I don’t like bananas.5)Can Ming hear a drill ?——含情态动词
Yes,Ming can hear a drill.No,Ming can’t hear a drill..陈述句(肯定句,否定句,一般疑问句)的转变规律: 1.肯定句:2.否定句:3.一般疑问句及肯否定回答
1)主语+be动词+….1)主语+be动词+not+….1)be动词+主语+…? Yes,主语+be动词./ No,主语+be动词+not.I am a teacher.I amnot a teacher.Are you a teacher?--Yes,I am./ No,I am not.My mother is thin.My mother is not /isn’t thin.Is your mother thin?--Yes,she is./ No,she isn’t.They areinsects.They are not/aren’t insects.Are they insects?--Yes.they are./ No,they aren’t.2)主语+情态动词can+… 2)主语+情态动词can+ not+….2)情态动词can+主语+…? Yes,主语+情态动词can/ No,主语+情态动词can+ not He can jump.He cannot/can’tjump.Can he jump?--Yes,he can./ No,he can’t.3)助动词do/does+主语+….动词原形+….动词原形? Yes,主语+助动词do/does.No,主语+助动词do/does+not.He likes to eat apples.He doesn’t like to eat apples.Does he like to eat apples? Yes,he does./ No,he doesn’t.二.祈使句:表示请求、命令、建议或劝告等的句子叫祈使句,主语you常省略。
1、肯定形式:一般以动词原形开头。Open the door,please.2、否定形式:在句首谓语动词前加Don‘t。Don‘t be late for class.三特殊疑问句(又叫wh-question)用特殊疑问词来提出问题的疑问句叫作特 二将下列每组词各组成一句特殊疑问句 1.(you are how)._______________?.2.(old how Ben is)_________ ________? 3.colour is what your shirt____________? 4.(can see what the on you desk)____? 5.(like what do you)________________? 答案:一.1.Is Mr Wang thirsty? 2.Are the elephent’s ears long 3.Do you like birds? 4.Hello.Are you his mother? 5.Can you sing and dance? 二.1.How are you? 2.How old is Ben ? 3.What colour is your shirt? 4.What can you see on the desk? 5.What do you like? 以上就是精品小编为大家提供的小学四年级英语常用语法总结希望您认真阅读,愿您在学习上更上一层楼。
第五篇:小学四五年级英语必备语法
小学英语语法复习要点(1)
一、名词复数形式规则
1.一般,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches classes
3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries,baby-babies, city--cities(城市)4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5以o结尾(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的加-es如tomato-tomatoes(西红杮)potato-potatoes(土豆)
(2)元音字母加o结尾名词的加-s 如piano-pianos(钢琴),zoo-zoos(动物园)photo-photos(照片),kangaroo-kangaroos(袋鼠)6.不规则名词复数:
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,mouse-mice;child-children;foot-feet,;tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,sheep--sheep(绵羊),deer--deer(鹿)写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成1.主系表结构be动词的变化。
肯定句:主语+联系动词be(am,is,are)+其它(表语)。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
否定句:主语+联系动词 be + not +其它(表语)。如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:将系动词提前系动词Be +主语+其它+?
如:-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.特殊疑问句:疑问代词(when,what,where,howmany)+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?
2.主谓宾结构 行为动词的变化。
当主语为第一,二人称及复数时,助动词为do
肯定句:主语+谓语(动词原形)(+其它)。如: We often play basketball after school.否定句:主语+ don't+谓语(动词原形)(+其它)。如:we don’t play basketball after school.一般疑问句:Do +主语+动词原形+其它+?
如: Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do./ No, we don't.特殊疑问句:疑问代词(when,what,where,howmany)+以do开头的一般疑问句?
如: What do you often do after school ?当主语为第三人称单数时 ,助动词为does
肯定句:主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如: He swims well.否定句:主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如:He doesn’t swim well..一般疑问句:Does +主语+动词原形+其它。
如:Does he swim well ? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.特殊疑问句:疑问代词+以does开头的一般疑问句?如: How does your father go to work? 如:How does your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies 一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______carry ____ come________watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often ________(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be)in Class One.3.We _______(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5.______ they ________(like)the World Cup?
6.What _______they often _______(do)on Saturdays?
7._______ your parents _______(read)newspapers every day? 8.The girl _______(teach)us English on Sundays.9.She and I ________(take)a walk together every evening.10.There ________(be)some water in the bottle.11.Mike _______(like)cooking.12.They _______(have)the same hobby.13.My aunt _______(look)after her baby carefully.14.You always _______(do)your homework well.15.I _______(be)ill.I’m staying in bed.16.She _______(go)to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Tao _______(do)not like PE.18.The child often _______(watch)TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have)eight lessons this term.20.-What day _______(be)it today? - It’s Saturday.三、按照要求改写句子
1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________ 2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________ 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)___________________________
4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)___________________________________________________ 5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________ 6.He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________ 7.I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________ 8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________ 9.She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)________________________________________________________ 10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1.Isyour brother speak English?__________________ 2.Does he likes going fishing?__________________ 3.He likes play games after class.__________________ 4.Mr.Wu teachs us English.__________________ 5.She don’t do her homework on Sundays._________________
小学英语语法复习要点(2)
三、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为:主语be(am, is ,are)+现在分词(动词-ing形式)3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not: 主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词t提到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为: 疑问代词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:skate →skating make →making dance → dancing write → writing have → having ride → riding come → coming taste-tasting 3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:putting running beginning stopping swimming shoppingsitting getting forgetting letting run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习:
一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________write________ _ski___________read________ have_________ sing________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________live_______ take_________ come ________get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
1.The boy __________________(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _______________(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _________________(cook)some nice foodnow.4.What _____ you ______(do)now?
5.Look.They _______________(have)an English lesson.6.They ____________(not ,water)the flowers now.7.Look!the girls ________________(dance)in the classroom.8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen)to music.9.It’s5o’clock now.We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes? Yes ,she is.三、句型转换:
1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________
2.The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 3.I’m playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)____________________________________________________________ 4.Tom is reading books in his study.(对划线部分进行提问)
____________________________________________________________ 四、一般将来时
一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。
二、基本结构①主语+be going to + 动词原形do;②主语+情态动词will+动原do.三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如: I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句 be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,一二人称互换。例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend.→ Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、特殊疑问句(对划线部分提问)。一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who 例如:I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon.2.问干什么。What … do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.问时间。When.例:→When is she going to bed?
六、同义句:be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).= I will go swimming tomorrow.练习:填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet? 改句子。
5.Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I’ll go and join them.(改否定)I _______ go ______ join them.7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。
11.Today is a sunny day.We ___________________(have)a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _______________(go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often ______________(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He ______________(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________(watch)TV and ____________(catch)insects?
15.It’s Friday today.What _____she _________(do)this weekend? She ______________(watch)TV and _____________(catch)insects.16.What ___________(d0)you do last Sunday? I ____________(pick)apples on a farm.What ______________(do)next Sunday? I ______________(milk)cows.17.Mary ____________(visit)her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao ____________(fly)kites in the playground yesterday.19.David ______________(give)a puppet show next Monday.20.I ________________(plan)for my study now.小学英语语法复习要点(3)
五、一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化: ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形? 如:What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式:
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do________ Be动词的过去时练习(1)
Name ____________No.______ Date __________
一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I _______ at school just now.2.He ________ at the camp last week.3.We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换 1.It was exciting.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2.All the students were very excited.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3.They were in his pocket.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ Be动词的过去时练习(2)
Name ____________No.______ Date __________
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I ______ an English teacher now.2.She _______ happy yesterday.3.They _______ glad to see each other last month.4.Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.5.The little dog _____ two years old this year.6.Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.7.There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..8.Today _____ the second of June.Yesterday ______ the first of June.It _____ Children’s Day.All the students ______ very excited.二、句型转换
1.There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 行为动词的过去时练习(1)
Name ____________No.______ Date __________
一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1.He _________(live)in Wuxi two years ago.7.I ____________(sweep)the floor yesterday, but my mother ____.8.What ______ she _______(find)in the garden last morning? She __________(find)2.The cat ________(eat)a bird last night.3.We _______(have)a party last Halloween.4.Nancy ________(pick)up oranges on the farm last week.5.I ________(make)a model ship with Mike yesterday.6.They ________(play)chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7.My mother _______(cook)a nice food last Spring Festival.8.The girls ________(sing)and _______(dance)at the party.二、句型转换
1.Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 2.Nancy went to school early.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 3.We sang some English songs.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 行为动词的过去时练习(2)
Name ____________No.______ Date __________
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I ______(watch)a cartoon on Saturday.2.Her father _______(read)a newspaper last night.3.We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park.(go)4.______ you _______(visit)your relatives last Spring Festival? 5.______ he _______(fly)a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.6.Gao Shan _______(pull)up carrots last National Day holiday.a beautiful butterfly.二、句型转换
1.They played football in the playground.否定句:________________________________________________ 一般疑问句:____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ 过去时综合练习(1)
Name ____________No.______ Date __________
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.It ______(be)Ben’s birthday last Friday.2.We all ______(have)a good time last night.3.He ________(jump)high on last Sports Day.4.Helen ________(milk)a cow on Friday.5.She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday.(read)6.He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now.(play)7.Jim’s mother _________(plant)trees just now.8._______ they ________(sweep)the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.9.I _______(watch)a cartoon on Monday.10.We ___________(go)to school on Sunday.