第一篇：原创托福独立写作分类+文章写作

独立写作

Paragraph 1

改写题目，用引发读者兴趣的语言表明全文的主旨。

展开（开门见山、下定义、设问、排比、引谚语、引数据、欲扬先抑）Paragraph 2

Topic Sentence——引出第一个分论点 展开（事例、列举、比较、因果、假设、让步）Paragraph 3

Topic Sentence——引出第二个分论点 展开（事例、列举、比较、因果、假设、让步）Paragraph 4

Topic Sentence——引出第三个分论点 展开（事例、列举、比较、因果、假设、让步）Paragraph 5

再次总结观点。

结尾（提出警告、展望未来、权衡利弊、引用名言、反问加强）

观点的选择：尽量选择一方，中立也要有所倾向。

2.分类梳理(形式分类下每类写3篇全文，内容分类下每类写3篇思路)：

①Agreeing or Disagreeing

Passage 1

What does the word “game” mean to you? Different people can tell different answers.Some may say “Game means to win”, and others may say “Game means to challenge ourselves.” However, in my point of view, having fun and enjoying the process are always the real meaning of the “game”.Accordingly, playing a game is fun no matter you lose or win, as long as you join it heart and soul.First and foremost, participants are able to get great joy during the process of the game.A proverb has it that “the most important thing is to participate”.So even though the final result is not very satisfactory, or even worse, we can still find something precious and enjoyable when we join the game.For instance, I played a geography game with my classmates during the summer camp last year.Each group was asked to follow several clues and find the final destination with a GPS receiver.Though we came from different nations, my partners and I discussed thoroughly and cooperated closely.We successfully found the final position in a short time.Even though we only made it third, in other word we actually lost the game, we still had great fun and felt really proud of our dedicate collaboration.Furthermore, beside success, failure can also teach us a lot and those we learned from failures may turn into greater happiness later.Life is always filled with bitter and sweet, so one can never expect to win all the time, even in the game.Although feeling frustrated and depressed, we can always draw some lessons and get precious experiences from those failures or debacles.It looks as if we lost a game, but in fact we acquired so many knowledge and skills which would help us a lot in the future and had a better understanding of our life.For example, a gifted basketball player might be selfish and overconfident when he enters a team.But after a fiasco, he is sure to understand that basketball is game of 5 people and start to enjoy the close collaboration with his teammates.In conclusion, although victory can give us great happiness, it is not the only fun we can have from games.If we can treat failures with a positive attitude, we will be more likely to get greater achievements and joy in the future.②Stating a Preference

Passage 1

“Every bean has its black”, as the saying goes.The rapid development of automobile industry has p more and more choices to consumers and made the transportation much more convenient than it used to be.Even though the prosperity of automobiles has also caused some thorny problems, I believe that its benefits are so great that it will be unfair to neglect them and emphasize the negative effects only.Imagine living in a metropolis where neither cars nor buses can be available.How terrible could this be? It’s automobiles that has improved modern transportation greatly and connected different parts of the land together.Although more and more people choose to get work on foot or by bicycle, in order to reduce the air pollution, there are still over 80% of people, according to a recent survey, travel by automobile in the morning.Thus, automobiles are still the first choice when people go out because they’re fast, convenient and safe.There’s no doubt that automobiles have played such an important, even irreplaceable, role in the transportation nowadays that they are considered as a fundamental element of modern life.On the other hand, it’s true that the development of automobiles has caused a series of issues.For example, cars all over the world will produce millions of tons of carbon dioxide each year, a number that is huge enough to increase the greenhouse effect and further heat up the Earth.Many other serious environmental problems like floods and droughts might come about afterwards.However, I have to say that though it looks as if those negative effects are inevitable, it doesn’t mean we have no idea to reach a balance between development and environment friendly.Many scientist and engineers are striving for a breakthrough in developing a new fuel that is clean, efficient, and

cheap.We have good reasons to believe that one day people will find the final answer to the conflict caused by automobiles and achieve real sustainable development.As I have mentioned above, pollutions, traffic jam, noises, all of these can be great challenges for the development of automobiles.However, we cannot deny that automobiles have made significant contributions towards the modern society.③Giving an Explanation

Passage 1

“Each has his own ideal”, as the saying goes.Different people may have different answer to the question “why do people attend universities?” Expecting to learn some advanced knowledge, dreaming about experiencing something new or exciting, meeting some lifetime friends.All of these can be reasons why people attend colleges and universities.However, in my opinion, people attend college or university mainly to find their real interest and design a blueprint for their own future, including their careers, workplaces, families, etc.First of all, students are usually mature enough to start thinking about their future when they attend college or university.Take one of my friends, Inn, as an example.Inn always had many different thoughts when he was a high school student.He initially wanted to be a scientist, then an engineer like his father, and finally he told me that he found an interest in psychology when he graduated from high school.However, when he attended the university and really got the chance to think over and design his own future, he found that his real interest is architecture.So he chose architecture and design as his major and did an excellent job during his undergraduate studies.Now he’s pursuing for his graduate degree and preparing to go abroad to study with his girlfriend.It is university that gives Inn, as well as other people, I suppose, a chance to plan and prepare for their future carefully and helps them lead a

happy life.So it’s right time for people to plan for their journey in front when they enter university and, in fact, university is the very place where they can choose their own directions freely and follow their bent.There are thousands of universities all over the world and in each country there are some good universities for its people to get high-quality education and prepare for their career.What’s more, each university or colleges consists of many different departments and schools so that it can offer students a large amount of courses in different areas.Accordingly, universities and colleges are ideal places for students to find a right track for their life and pursuing for the excellence on their own way.In conclusion, as I have shown above, I think people attend college or university mainly for a good chance to find their life goals.④Making an Argument

Passage 1

The Mid-autumn day, which is endowed with lots of meanings by Chinese people, is considered as one of the most important festivals in China.On this day, Chinese families will have a reunion and share a wonderful night together.Among all the activities we will do on the Mid-autumn day, viewing the moon is undoubtedly the most indispensible one.Just as the festival itself, moon-viewing is also granted with many beautiful feelings by Chinese people.So the Mid-autumn festival is the custom that I would like people from other countries to adopt.First of all, the Moon on the Mid-autumn day is always the most beautiful one of the year.Not only because its brightness and fullness, but also its beauty and clearness can be shared by the whole family.On the dusk of Mid-autumn day, a bright Moon will come over the horizon as soon as the Sun goes down.Thus as long as the sky is clear, the Moon can be seen all night on Mid-autumn.That is to say, whenever the families go out, they can always find the gorgeous moon in the sky.Nowadays, people are always too busy to spend their precious time staying with their families;the Mid-autumn day, however, offers people a wonderful chance to have a family reunion

and communicate with their families.It would be such a nice thing if the family sat down together in the yard and watched the Moon blissfully.If Moon viewing had the only meaning of family reunion or festival celebration, it wouldn’t be so widely considered as one of the most enjoyable event.When people look at the Moon on the Mid-autumn day, they are often amazed and they would immerse themselves in thought under the moonlight.The raw beauty and clearness of the Moon can always stir them to the depth of their souls and evoke the tenderest emotions in their hearts.Su Shi, one of the most famous poets in China, wrote down his best-known composition under the mid-autumn moon.People living in foreign places may also think of their family and friends in the far-away land;on the Mid-autumn night, when they look up the sky, the dazzling moon can be such a consolation.In conclusion, as I’ve said above, viewing the moon on the Mid-autumn day is such an enjoyable tradition for Chinese people that I would like to introduce this beautiful custom to people from other countries.I hope all the people can find their beautiful “moon” on Mid-autumn night, as well as the precious emotions in their life.

第二篇：托福 TPO31独立写作

托福 TPO31独立写作题目

Question: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Because the world is changing so quickly, people now are less happy or less satisfied with their lives than people were in the past.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福 TPO31 独立写作范文 ：

In modern society, there is no denying that our paces speed up.A small proportion of people who cannot keep up with this trend or resist the world for the fittest, may hold a viewpoint that a mutable society leads people to less satisfaction and mitigation of sense of happiness since such a world might cause the alienation between good fellows and contamination of our environment;however, in my view, it is not the case.As a matter of fact, in a world changing more rapidly, people tend to become satisfied much more easily.First illustration which can demonstrate my opinion can be the trail of technological development.In the past five decades, millions of new inventions had appeared, entering our daily life, making it much more convenient.To name a good example, in 1896,Benz assembled the first three-wheel car in the world.Though it brought accidents and mortality to the world, we cannot deny the enjoyment of ferocious speed brought by cars, which made our jaunt convenient.We can simply drop by a old friend 100 miles, a distance taking at least half day before, away in one hour.Another good instance is the invention of smart phone.in 1972, Martin, the chief engineer in Moto devised the first portable telephone.Then, this innovation revolutionized out life.Just simply imagine what our life looked like without cell phones: people could not keep contact with their friends and exigent messages might be blocked.Then in 2007, Steve Jobs brought iPhone with Facetime to the world.The most significant aspect of Facetime is that this app allows us to communicate with actual image, not just voices.Then, how can we state that modern society steals the sense of fraternity among people? Second demonstration which can help me develop my view that a rapidly changing society makes people more satisfied is the use of new energy resources.We may still remember the Great Smog, one of the gravest air pollution accidents in our history due to the heavily gathered inversion layer of sulfur dioxide originated with burning of coal in 1950s, London.People died of respiratory diseases after inhalation of poisonous air.How can they live happily in a world brimmed with pollutions? But nowadays, we have developed new energy resources to tackle this problem such as hydropower and wind power.To name an example, in 2007, nuclear power plants generate 14% of the total electricity of the US, thus saving tons of coals and reducing the level of inhalable particles.Recently, governments and organizations have taken measures to support researches of renewable resources and to find substitutes for fossil fuels.Natural reserves and sanctuaries are established, places of interest and spots are refurbished, and factories and manufacturers with pestilent exhaust are shut down.People therefore are provided with much more opportunities to relax by enjoying the beauty of nature.To draw a conclusion, in a world that is rapidly changing, we are offered a variety of brand-new experiences and highly evolved products, which make life much easier than before.We are in a world filled with convenience brought by high technologies that develop so fast.Then, how can we blame on the changing world while enjoying happiness and satisfactions originated from them?

第三篇：托福独立写作作文修改

独立5-现象证明P21 2010.10.31NA Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are now easier to become educated than in the past.Education is the foundation of a country.People today have a stronger concept（搭配不当，改为sense）of being educated than in the past.I agree with the statement that people gain an easier access to all kinds of educations at current times.Firstly, there are much more schools available today than in the past.No matter where you live, in big cities or in the countryside, the local government spends a large amount of money on the constructions of various types of schools, such as primary schools, middle schools, high schools and even schools for adults.More and more universities and colleges have been built to ensure higher education for top students.If you want to study in schools, you will always find a proper one to attend.Secondly, the teaching approach persifies（there are persified teaching approaches）.Except for（In addition to包括在内）blackboard and chalks, many advanced teaching devices are being used today in most schools, including computers, multi-media and some other instruments.Moreover, labs and libraries have also come into use for students to study deeper and wider(who want to make a deeper and wider study on the fields they are interested in).What is more, the teachers' teaching levels are greatly improved by communicating with other educators from all over the world.The technology becomes more developed than in the past, so it is easier now to study.Thirdly, people have equal rights to receive education.As we all know, people in the past were in terrible discrimination because of their sex and race(many people such as women and the black people were denied the right to education because they were discriminated against in the society because of their sex and race.两句合起来)For example, women and black people were used to be considered as people in lower classes or even slaves and weren't allowed to go to school.However, they have equal rights to study in schools nowadays.（要回到主题，和更容易接受教育要直接联系起来，所以再加一句）Obviously, these people surly have easier access to education.To sum up, almost everyone today has equal rights to go to all kinds of schools with persified teaching approaches.So people do have an easier way to receive education now than in past times.The reasons above firmly support my opinion(最后一句话不够有力，可以将三点简明扼要的用一句话概括).(Word Count: 294)独立8-包含因果关系P15 2010.3.20NA Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People today can solve many important problems so they do not need help from the government.With the development of the society, people can do more things by themselves nowadays（于什么时候比较？）than in the past.But I disagree with the statement that people can solve many important problems, therefore the government does not need to help them（therefore they need not depend on the government for any support）.There(are)three reasons as follows:

Firstly, People today still cannot solve many important problems by themselves in fact in terms of education, unemployment, war, starvation, poverty and so on.These are international problems all over the world, so a single person or even a group of people may not have the abilities to solve(be capable of solving)them.For example, if a man wants to stop a war between two countries, even he is powerful or wealthy, he(he, however wealthy and powerful,)cannot prevent them from fighting with each other without the help of others.Secondly, people today need more help from the government.As the life standards are getting higher, people have more requirements than before.They ask for all kinds of utilities for entertainment or exercise in public places.They need various insurance to make their lives more comfortable.They also require more schools and hospitals to take care of the young people and patients(the sick).Thirdly, whether people today can solve many problems or not has nothing to do with whether they need the government's help.It is the responsibility of the government to help people.The government must give people help no matter how powerful they are.In a word, the statement that people today do not need help from the government because they can solve many important problems is wrong.The reasons above can firmly support my idea.(260w)

独立1-包含should, important, necessary的简单话题

P75 2009.5.30 Younger school children(aged between five and ten)should be required to study art and music in addition to math, science, history and language.In order to broaden the horizon of younger school children, it is suggested that they should study art and music as well as other common courses.I agree with it because of the following reasons.First of all, art and music can help students to relax.Campus life is stressful even for younger children who aged between five and ten, with all kinds of homework and assignments.However, by having music and art classes, students can get a much-needed escape from the heavy work.It can help them to relax their mind and study more efficiently in other classes.Second, music and art classes help improve students' interpersonal relationships.Students will meet together to talk about a same topic if they have common interests.For example, students attending art classes can talk about the masterpiece or life story of a famous painter.Students having music classes will enjoy the beautiful melody or sing songs together.By communicating with each other, they will build a strong friendship and learn how to behave in various situations.Third, music and art classes provide students with plenty of information about great artists and their works.By learning knowledge in artistic fields students can acquire different cultures from different countries.The artists and musicians describe what they see or hear in their works, showing feelings meanwhile, which bring the students the atmosphere at that time.To sum up, art and music classes should be taken by younger school students to broaden their horizon.(248w)

独立2-包含比较(better, prefer)的简单话题

P24 2010.10.9NA Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can take care of their family members better when they live in big cities than in the countryside.No matter where people live, in big cities or in the countryside, they must take care of their family members.Basically I prefer the former one.Living in big cities has more advantages than living in the countryside.Firstly, for old people, living in big cities can be convenient.There are a large number of hospitals which are available to all kinds of diseases.When the old people catch a cold, have a fever or even heart attack, they could be taken to the best hospital nearby and received treat in time and recover as soon as possible.But in the countryside, situations in hospitals are obviously terrible.Secondly, children should receive good education, so living in big cities is a wise choice.Schools in big cities which get finance support from(the)government provide sufficient teaching facilities for the students in order that the students can study more easily and do more experiments.Moreover, the teaching levels of the teachers in big cities are higher on average than that of the teachers in the countryside.Admittedly, Living in big cities may have a few downsides.For example, the air may be not as fresh as it in the countryside and the noise may make people crazy sometimes.However,(the)government is taking measures to prevent the pollutions and people are also becoming aware of the importance of environmental protection.It is sure that the problems can be solved in the future.In a word, people can take care of their family members much better when they live in big cities than in the countryside, because advanced society welfares are everywhere in big cities.（Word Count: 272）

独立7-包含绝对词（never, always, only ,no longer,最高级等）.P92 2007.8.4 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Printed books will no longer exist.With the development of technology, digital books are increasingly coming into use while printed book are less used in our lives.It has been argued that printed books will no longer exist in the future.I disagree(with this opinion)although the statement has a grain of truth.First of all, admittedly, digital books have some advantages over printed books.First, it is cheaper to download a digital version from the internet than to buy a hardcover printed book.You may download Harry Potter for only half the price of the paper version.Second, the digital book is very convenient for us to carry because it is much lighter than the printed book.We can download thousands of articles into our mp4 or electronic books to read them everywhere instead of carrying several heavy books.However, to say that printed books will disappear from our lives in the future is unacceptable.First, hardcover printed books are worth collecting.They are usually very valuable with their beautiful covers and plentiful contents.Second, the printed books made by(of)papers are good for people's eyes.If we stare at a digital book all the time, our eyes will be tired or even hurt.Reading for a long period may do enormous harms to people's health, especially to children.Third, printed books are of great importance in some special ceremonies.They are usually the symbols of holy things.It is ridiculous for a minister to read with a digital book in a church.To sum up, although the digital books are more and more useful, it is sure that printed books will exist forever.(267)

第四篇：托福独立写作题型分析[推荐]

吕欣泽：浅谈托福独立写作题型及策略

2013-07-30 10:44小马过河admin分享到：

摘要：从题型上来讲，托福独立写作分为绝对型、对比型和隐藏all型。针对不同的题型，我们对症下药，就会拥有手到擒来的写作拓展方法，这样，在紧张的考场上看到相应的题型，我们就可以像给老朋友打招呼一样轻松自然了。

(一)绝对型

绝对型的题型一般是题目中含有最高级和绝对化的频率词的题，那么，针对这种类型的题目，我们又哪些策略呢?我给大家推荐的是两种态度，四种方法。当然，这两种态度就是“同意”和“不同意”，当同意的时候，我们可以采用“一边倒”的策略，说A好处1，A好处2和A好处3，每个好处各成一个主体段，这样文章就成型了;在同一的态度下，第二种方法就是若转折，即前两个主体段可以分别阐述A好处1和A好处2，第三个主体段可以进行一个弱弱的转折，稍微说一下B也好，这样，既凑了字数，也向考官展现了自己全面的思维;在“不同意”的态度下，我们也可以按照“A好——A有缺陷——B也好”的结构谋篇布局;也可以按照“A好——B好——C也好的结构”进行展开。

(二)对比型

对比型的题目即为事物之间进行比较。针对这类题型，共有两种态度，三类写法。在“同意”的态度下，我们可以采用A1>B1，A2>B2，A3>B3的写法进行写作，即把两个不同的事物统一在三个相同的维度下进行比较;在“不同意”的态度下，我们有两种写法，我们依旧可以按照“A好——A有缺陷——B也好”的结构谋篇布局;也可以按照“A好——B好——C也好的结构”进行展开。

(三)隐藏all型

隐藏all型实质上就是含蓄的绝对型，它在写法上和绝对型有异曲同工之处，却也忽悠区别。在这种提醒下，我想推荐两种写法，首先是“同意”的太对下，我们依旧可以继续采用“A好处1，A好处2和A好处3”的一边倒写法进行展开，如果是在“不同意”的态度下，我们可以采用“A有好处——A也有不好的地方”的逻辑顺序进行展开，当然，也可以采用分类讨论的写法，其实分类讨论的写法是一种变了形的“让步——转折”，在逻辑上遵循的是一样的规律和道理。

以上谈了这么多理论上的话，但是还是需要同学们先分析归纳题型，然后按照不同的题型不同的方法进行练习，对症下药确实可以在考场上为我们节省大量宝贵的时间，加油哦!

第五篇：托福独立写作评分标准--英文版

托福独立写作评分标准

5分

 Effectively addresses the topic and task  Well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and or details  Displays unity, progression, and coherence  Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors 4分

 Addresses the topic and task well, though some points may not be fully elaborated  Generally well organized and well developed, using appropriate and sufficient explorations, exemplifications, and or details

 Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though it may contain occasional redundancy, digression, or unclear connections

 Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety and range of vocabulary, though it will probably have occasional noticeable minor errors in structure, word form, or use of idiomatic language that do not interfere with meaning

3分

 Addresses the topic and task using somewhat developed explanations, exemplifications, and or details  Displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured

 May demonstrate inconsistent facility in sentence formation and word choice that may result in lack of clarity and occasionally obscure meaning

 May display accurate but limited range of syntactic structures and vocabulary

2分

 Limited development in response to the topic and task  Inadequate organization or connection of ideas  Inappropriate or insufficient exemplifications, explanations, or details to support or illustrate generalizations in response to the task

 A noticeably inappropriate choice of words or word forms  An accumulation of errors in sentence structure and/or usage 1分

 Serious disorganization or underdevelopment  Little or no detail, or irrelevant specifics, or questionable responsiveness to the task  Serious and frequent errors in sentence structure or usage