第一篇：口译基础

研讨会 symposium 名片

business card 环岛路

around-the-island road 设宴洗尘

host a reception dinner in one’s honor 会议议程表

conference program 投影仪 overhead projector After you 您先请

The state department（美国）国务院

To have one thing very much in common

有一点十分相似 To practice geology 从事地质工作 Military career 军事生涯

To extend hospitality to someone 盛情款待 To get to know one another 相互结识

A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step 千里之行，始于足下 To propose a toast(to…)祝酒；为。。。干杯 Continued advancement

持续进步

To build a secure, prosperous and peaceful world 建立安全、繁荣与和平的世界

应某人的邀请

at the invitation of 谨代表

on behalf of

致以诚挚的问候

to extend warm greetings to 最好的祝愿

best wishes 访问的第一站

the first leg of one’s visit 充满活力的经济

dynamic economies 常青州

the Evergreen State 翡翠城

the Emerald City 重要门户

important gateway 经贸往来

economic and trade exchanges 互利合作

mutually beneficial cooperation 发展势头良好

sound momentum of growth 事关两国共同利益的重大问题

major issues bearing on our common interests 就。。。交换意见

to exchange views on… 与。。。广泛接触

to have extensive contacts with 增进两国人民的相互理解和友谊

to enhance mutual understanding and friendship

1)请允许我介绍一下自己。我叫······，是口译员。

Please allow me to introduce myself.I am…, the interpreter.2)对不起，我还没有请教阁下姓名。

Excuse me.I haven’t had the honor of knowing you.3)我们很高兴能请到您。It’s a great pleasure to have you here with us.4)谢谢您亲自来接我。

Thank you very much for coming all the way to meet me in person.5)我们很荣幸能有机会再来中国。

We are privileged to have the opportunity once again to travel in China.6)能有如此热情的团体参与我们的项目，我们深感愉快。

It is delightful to have such an enthusiastic group of people taking part in our project.7)我们十分感谢你们不辞辛劳远道而来访问我市。

We appreciate very much that you have come to visit our city in spite of the long and tiring journey.8)您旅途过得如何？

How was your journey? 9)我希望您在这里过得愉快。

I hope you will enjoy your stay here.10)我想把您介绍给······

I would like to introduce you to /I would like you meet….11)我相信你们未曾见过面。

I don’t think you had met each other before.12)女士们，先生们，我很高兴能有此殊荣向诸位介绍······

Ladies and Gentlemen, it is my great honor to introduce….13)我能为您做些什么？

Is there anything I can do for you? 14)我想向您介绍一下我们初步拟定的活动日程。

I would like to show you our provisional jtinerary.15)您满意我们的日程安排吗？

Are you happy with our schedule.16)对您短暂的访问，我们为您安排的日程很紧，希望您不要介意。

We have a tight schedule for your short/brief visit.I hope you don’t mind.17)感谢您为我们所做的如此精心的安排。

Thank you for making such thoughtful arrangements for us.18)谢谢您邀请我参加这次愉快的晚宴。

Thank you very much for inviting me to this delightful dinner.19)谢谢您对我的溢美之词。

I appreciate your kind words of introduction.20)祝您参观一切顺利！

I wish you all the best for your visit!

销售班子

sales team 发展势头

momentum of progress 代理商agent

业务伙伴

business partner

Your excellency 阁下 Reciprocate

回报

Bilateral economic linkages 双边经济联系 To be listed

上市

Singapore Exchange 新加坡证交所 Enduring friendship 长久的友谊

考察活动

business trip 订单

order

按时按质按量

in accordance with the terms for the time of delivery, quality and quantity 依依不舍

unwilling to depart 海内存知己，天涯若比邻

A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near.1)为了我们的事业成功，干杯！

To the success of our business, Cheers!2)我敬您一杯，祝您身体健康，前程似锦。

I’d like to propose a toast to your health and to your bright future.3)请大家和我一起举杯，祝我们两国的友谊地久天长。

May I invite you to join me in a toast to the enduring friendship between our two nations.4)能受邀参加此次盛会，我感到无比荣幸。

I feel so privileged and honored to be invited to this grand meeting.5)谢谢贵方的热情款待。

Thank you for your warm reception.6)饭店我们早就预定好了，客人到了后就直接去就餐。

We have booked the seats in a restaurant, and will take the guests there as soon as they arrive.7)晚宴采取自助餐的形式。

We will have a buffet dinner.8)今晚我们将在海湾酒店设宴欢迎阁下，敬请光临。

We will prepare a banquet in your honor at Gulf Hotel this evening.We are looking forward to seeing you then.9)您想喝点什么？

What would you like to drink? 10)白酒太烈了，我恐怕喝不了。

I’m afraid Chinese spirits are too strong for me.11)这是我们当地的特色小吃，来，尝尝看。

This is our local speciality.Please have a taste.12)你的酒量应该不小吧。

I would think you must be good at drinking, is that so? 13)我能喝一点，但不习惯喝这么快。

I can drink a little, but I’m not used to drinking so quickly.14)我想吃点口味比较清淡的菜。

I prefer some dishes of light taste.15)我想喝点红酒。I would like some red wine.16)我们这儿靠海，菜主要以海鲜为主。

We live in a coastal city, so we have plenty of sea food.17)这是我给您点的清蒸螃蟹，来，随便吃。

This is steamed crab.I ordered it for you;please, help yourself.18)这道菜色香味俱全，太可口了！

This dish is good in color, smell and taste.It’s very delicious.19)酒逢知己千杯少。

A thousand toasts are too few among bosom friends.20)今晚我们将设宴为您饯行。

We will have a farewell dinner in your honor tonight.英语句子间的逻辑关系和对应的标识词主要分为以下几类：

先后次序：first of all, next, before, after, previously, simultaneously, eventually, finally 并列关系：and, too, at the same time, meanwhile, in the meantime 递进关系：also, moreover, in addition, furthermore, besides, not only, on top of that 转折关系：but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, in fact, instead 让步关系：although, though, despite, in spite of, even though 因果关系：so, thus, hence, as a result, conquently, reason, because, for, due to, accordingly 对照关系：like, similarly, in a similar manner 对比关系：different from, unlike, by contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely 解释关系：that is to say, in the other words, this means 条件关系：if, unless, once, provided that, in case(of), had I know, were this to happen 举例关系：for example, for instance, in this case, namely, such as, a case in pont 归纳总结：on the whole, in bitef, to sump up, in conclusion, in summary, to conclude, in short

阁下

his/her/your excellency 东盟ASEAN(assocation of south-east asian nations)中国-东盟博览会China-ASEAN Expo 同舟共济

to cross the river in the same boat 参会客商

business participants “10+1”自贸区

“Ten plus One”Free Trade Area 轮值主席国

rotating presidency/rotating chairmanship 远见卓识

great vision 源远流长

to have a long standing 感受

to have a touch of

邻邦情谊

friendly neighbourhood 剪彩

to cut the ribbon for

Cork

科克（爱尔兰共和国港口城市）Alma mater

母校 Foremost

第一流的 Veritable 名副其实的 Vibrant 充满活力的 Impetus

推动力 Deliberations

商议

室内合唱团

Chamber Choir 红河谷

Red River Valley 康定情歌

Love Song of Kangding 不分彼此no distinction between each other 闻名遐迩

to be known far and wide 友好使者

envoy of friendship 拨动心弦

play upon the heart strings

1)我谨向各位表示最热烈/热诚的欢迎。

I would like to extend my warmest/ most cordial welcome to all of you.2)请允许我向远道而来的贵宾表示热烈的欢迎和诚挚的问候。

Allow me to express my warm welcome and gracious greetings to our distinguished guests coming from afar.3)我向各位表达我个人诚挚的欢迎，并衷心地祝愿你们的来访富有成果。

I want to extend my personal welcome to all of you and sincerely hope that your visit here will be rewarding.4)我祝愿本届年会圆满成功，并祝各位在北京过得愉快。

Finally, I wish this annual meeting a complete success and wish all of you a pleasant stay in beijing.5)我非常高兴地欢迎各位出席······

It is a great pleasure for me to welcome you all to… It gives me great pleasure to welcome all of you to…

6)今天我们非常荣幸地邀请到中外元首和政府首脑出席今天的开幕式。

Today we are especially honored to have the presence of the heads of state and government of China and other participant countries.7)总理阁下

His/her/your Excellency…, Premier of… 8)总统阁下

His/her/your Excellency…, President of… 9)陛下

His/her/your Majesty, …

10)请大家起立，以热烈的掌声欢迎来自······的领导人。

Now please rise and applaud for the arrival of the heads of state and government of… 11)在此，我谨代表······的组委会，对各位嘉宾表示热烈的欢迎。

Hereby, on behalf of the organizing committee of…, I would like to extend a warm welcome to the distinguished guests present here.12)我代表······，向参会的各位领导，海内外亲朋好友表示热烈的欢迎和诚挚的问候。I’d like to extend, on behalf of…, a warm welcome and sincere thanks to all the leaders and dear friends from home and abroad present here today.13)我们之间的有好多交往源远流长。

Our friendly exchanges have a long history like a stream that has come long way.14)我们双方的合作珠联璧合、相得益彰，共同拥有美好的未来。

We hope that our bilateral cooperation will be like a perfect match of pearls and jade, bringing out the best of each other and sharing a beautiful future together.15)欢迎······讲话/致辞。

Now I would like to give the floor to…

Now I would like to invite… to deliver his/her speech.16)欢迎······致辞并宣布开幕。

Now I would like to invite … to address and inaugurate the…

17)让我们以热烈的掌声，欢迎嘉宾走上前台，为本次博览会开幕。

Now with a warm round of applause, I’m privileged to invite leaders and guests to come to the front of the stage to launch the expo.18)下面有请······为本次开幕剪彩。

Now let’s welcome… to cut the ribbon for the opening of the fair.19)开幕式到此结束，谢谢大家！

With that, the opening ceremony comes to a successful close.Thank you all!20)预祝本次会议取得圆满成功！

I wish this conference a complete success!

新闻发布会

press conference 锦标赛

championship 选拔赛

qualification competition 肯尼亚Kenya 坦桑尼亚

Tanzania 厄瓜多尔

Ecuador 埃塞俄比亚

Ethiopia 绿化广场

landscaoed square 航拍

aerial view 电视直播

be televised live 电子芯片

electronic chips 创世界纪录奖

World Record Award 男子冠军

Men’s Champion 女子冠军

Women’s Champion

Teamgeist Ball

“团队之星” Drop out

淘汰

The quarter final

四分之一决赛 Semi-final

半决赛 To outfit

提供球衣 官方赞助商

official sponsor

BOCOG北京奥组委 Role models 楷模

The paralympic games 残疾人奥运会 The unifying power

凝聚力 Exceptional

无与伦比的1)该运动员刷新了男子百米世界纪录。

The athlete surpassed/rewrote/renewed/chalked up the 100 meters record.2)许多运动员在本届奥运会中破、平世界纪录。

Many athletes broke or equaled world records in the Olympic Games this year.3)中国目前用“体育大国”四个字来评价比较准确。

It is more appropriate to describe China as an athletic giant or a sports power.4)发展体育运动，增强人民体质。

Promote physical culture and build up people’s health.5)我希望所有运动员都能打出水平、打出风格。

I hope that everyone of you can play up to your best level in skill and style of play.6)中国队在202_年日本公开赛上囊括所有冠军。

China swept/captured/took all the titles available in 202_ Japan Open.7)本次邀请赛由······主办、协办、赞助、冠名赞助。

The competition is organized by/co-organized by/sponsored by/title sponsored by….8)我想向大家介绍一下各运动代表队的组成、运动员和他们的参赛项目等情况。

Now I would like to brief you on each team’s composition, competitors and the sports events they will compete in.9)该运动代表队由2个领队、3个教练、25个运动员、共30人组成，将参加······等多项比赛。

The team, composed of 2 team leaders, 3 coaches, 25 competitors, and 30 members in all, will compete in the event of… and so on.10)我代表所有参赛运动员宣誓······

In the name of all competitiors, I promise…

11)在任何体育赛事中都应该强调“三严”原则，即严格禁止、严格检测、严格处罚。

In every sports competition, the principle of “three stricts”, which are strict ban, strict testing and strict penalties against doping, should be emphasized.12)兴奋剂检测是一项难度很高，责任十分重大的工作。

The steroid/drug/stimulant test is a difficult task that bears tremendous responsibility.13)所有运动员在比赛中都应遵循公平竞争的原则。

All the athletes must observe the principle of fair play in competitions.14)“更快、更高、更强”是奥运会的格言。

The Olympic motto is “Faster, Higher, Stronger”.15)请全体起立。升中华人民共和国国旗，奏中华人民共和国国歌。

All rise for the national flag and national anthem of the People’s Republic of China.16)荣获金牌/银牌/铜牌的是······队！

The gold/silver/bronze medal goes to the team of….17)首先祝贺取得胜利的运动队。他们今天的技术和战术水平发挥都很好。

First of all, I’d like to congratulate the winning team.They did quie well both technically and tactically today.18)我们今天状态不佳，过分紧张，影响了比赛。

However, we were not in very good condition and too nervous today.This had an impact on our performance.19)我们的对手一直是这个项目里的一流选手。我们在技战术方面向他们学习了不少东西。

Our competitors have long been at the top level of this sport and we have learned a lot from them both in techniques and tactics.20)虽然我们没有拿到金牌，但是我们已经发挥出自己的水平。这块银牌也是我们的最好成绩。我们以后还将继续努力。

Though we were not lucky enough to win the gold medal, we tried our best and got a silver medal, which is great.We shall make a greater effort in the years to come.三峡

three gorges 游船，快艇

yacht 张飞庙

Zhang Fei Temple 白帝城

Baidi City(White Emperor City)套餐

package meal（合同）一式两份

in two copies 码头

dock/pier

管委会

administrative committee 行程

itinerary

随身物件

personal belongings 工作人员

staff 民族风景表演区

Ethnic Performance Section 门票

admission

National Park

国家公园 Be tempted to

打算，想

Take precautions

采取预防措施 Sensible footwear 舒适耐穿的鞋

1)我想了解一下去桂林的旅游行程。

I would like to know the itinerary to Guilin.2)请问旅行社提供接机服务吗？

Will the travel agency provide pick-up service at the airport.3)我们一日游的包括了吃饭的费用。

The price of a one-day tour includes eating.4)这是到海南双飞五日游的价格，住宿的酒店都是四星级的。

The five-day tour price includes round trip air tickets to Hainan and four-star hotel accommodation.5)请仔细阅读这份旅游合同，如无异议请在下面签字。

Please read carefully the travel contract.If there are no problems, please sign your name at the bottom.6)我们明天早上八点出发，记得带上护照。

We will set off at eight o’clock tomorrow.Don’t forget your passport.7)一直往前走，你就可以看到旅游服务中心了。

Walk straight ahead and you will see the tourist service center.8)福建的乌龙茶很出名，到这里来旅游一定要品尝一下。

The Oolong tea in Fujian Province is famous, something you should not miss.9)这家饭馆是经旅游部门批准经营的，不存在乱收费的现象。

This restaurant is approved by the tourist authority;there are no hidden charges.10)这家礼品店的东西物美价廉，买几件回去做纪念品吧。

These items in the gift shop have good quality and good prices.How about buying a few as souvenirs? 11)外出迷路的话，请拨打当地旅游服务热线寻求帮助。

If you get lost, you should call the tourist hotline for help.12)我们有大巴到湖区，每小时一班。

There is a coach trip to the Lake District on each hour.13)贵重物品请随身携带

Please take your valuables with you.14)今晚我们先到酒店入住，第二天早上坐大巴出发。

We will check into the hotel tonight, and leave by bus tomorrow morning.15)这次参观博物馆有导游带领，有任何问题请与他联系。

This is a guided museum tour;please contact the guide if you have any questions.16)退房时房卡请交给前台，并保留收据。

When you check out, please return the key card to the recepton desk and keep the receipt.17)展览馆专门开辟了动手操作区，让游客与这些展品亲密接触。

There is a special “Hands-On” zone/area in the exhibition hall to offer tourists direct experiences.18)请听从导游的指引，注意安全。

Please follow the instructions of the guide.Take care.19)游客中心24小时受理游客的投诉。

The tourist center handles complaints 24 hours a day.20)祝大家在景区玩得愉快！

I wish you a happy tour in the scenic zone.A conducted walk

由导游带领的徒步观光 Waterproof

防水 Anorak

带风帽的夹克 Stout

结实的

The botanical garden

植物园 The war memorial

战争纪念碑

Dundee

敦提（英国苏格兰东部港市）To pick one’s brains

向某人咨询 Morning service

早礼拜

格林尼治天文台

Royal Greenwich Observatory 本初子午线

Greenwich Meridian Line The Palace of Placentia

普拉森舍宫 The Thames River

泰晤士河

国家航海博物馆

the national maritime museum 皇家海军军校

Royal Naval College 马鹿

red deer 杜鹃花

azaleas and rhododendrons 植物园

a herb garden London Marathon

伦敦马拉松 马术比赛

the equestrian events 飞驰

galloping 放松伸展

to unwind

拙政园

the Zhuozheng Garden/Humble Administrator’s Garden 国务院

the State Council 全国重点文物保护单位

important historical site under state protection 文化遗产

cultural legacy 瑰宝

treasure 叱咤风云

celebrities of great influence 官场失意

to suffer setbacks in one’s official career 归隐

to live in seclusion 全景图

panorama 因地制宜

be adapted to local topography 中轴线

axis line

对称格局

symmetric layout 漆雕画

lacquer painting “障景”

camouflage view 雕花engraved 门框

doorframe 长方形

rectangular 落地罩

floor frame 榭

pavilion 曲折蜿蜒

winding/zigzagging “框景”

frame view

1)九寨沟国家公园是欣赏自然景观的好地方。

Jiuzhai Valley National Park is a good place to appreciate natural scenery/attraction.2)厦门自然风光优美，人文景观丰富。

Xiamen has beautiful natural landscapes and many places of historic figures and cultural heritage.3)经历了两千多年的风雨，这座寺庙仍保存完好。

Although the ancient monastery has a history of more than two thousand years, it is still well-preserved.4)奥运会开幕式上巨大的字画卷轴让许多外国人对中国传统艺术产生了浓厚的兴趣。

The huge scroll of calligraph and painting presented in the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games aroused many foreign people’s interest in Chinese traditional arts.5)金/银/铜/玉/瓷/陶/青铜/漆器

Gold/silver/copper/jade/porcelain/pottery/bronze/lacquer wares 6)上有天堂，下有苏杭

Just as there is paradise in heaven, here are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.7)桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。

Guilin landscape overshadows those elsewhere, and Yangshuo landscape tops that of Guilin.8)五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳。

Trips to China’s five great mountains render trips to other mountains unnecessary, and a trip to Mount Huangshan renders trips to the five great mountains unnecessary.9)会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。

One day I shall climb clear to the summit, see how small the surrounding Mountaintops appear as they lie below me.10)若把西湖比西子，淡妆浓抹总相宜。

I would like to compare West Lake to Xi Shi, the ancient beauty.Charming she looks whether richly made up or only slightly so.11)采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。

While picking asters beneath the Eastern fence, my gaze upon the Southern mountain rests.12)被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录。

To be put on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.13)绵延的山脉构成了一处处美丽的风景。

The rolling mountains provide gorgeous views.14)这儿附近有很多著名的历史遗迹。

There’re many known historic sites around here.15)老城墙是是古城最美的一个地标式景点，值得一去。

The old city wall is one of the most beautiful landmarks in this ancient city and definitely worth visiting.16)中国56个民族的不同风俗和文化是中国的宝贵财富，是世界的宝贵财富，也是中国最重要的旅游资源。The different customs and cultures of China’s 56 ethnic groups, which are both a national and world treasure, make up one of China’s most important tourist resources.17)古代帝王选择泰山，奉以供品，祭祀天地，为国家的繁荣与祥和而祈祷。

Ancient emperors prayed for the country’s properity and peace by offering sacrifices to Heaven and Earth on Mount Tai.18)这条美食街集餐饮、购物和娱乐为一体，游客可以在此体验异国情调，品尝他乡风味，购买旅游纪念品，参加各种娱乐活动。

The gourmet street encompasses services for catering, shopping and amusement.Tourists can experience the exotic atmosphere, taste the perse foreign foods, purchase attractive souvenirs and enjoy a wide variety of recreational activities.19)旅游业是向发展最快的行业之一。它的发展速度已经超过世界经济发展的水平。

The tourist industry is one of the fastest growing industries in modern times.Its growth rate has exceeded that of worldwide economy.20)旅游业不仅让服务行业受益，而且对旅游商品的制造业有利。它不是一个单一的行业而是涵盖交通业、住宿业、餐饮业、导游服务、银行保险业、制造业、教育等多种行业的综合产业。

Tourism benefits not only the service sector, but also the manufacture of tourist commodities.It is not a single trade, but a comprehensive one consisting of many enterprises such as transportation, accommodation, catering, guiding services, banking and insurance, manufacturing, education and so on.

第二篇：基础口译教学大纲

《基础口译》教学大纲

英文名称：A Preliminary Course of Interpretation

一、课程目标

1.课程性质

《基础口译》课程是为英语专业高年级本科生开设的必修课，是英语专业主干课程。通过讲授口译基本理论，口译背景知识和训练口译的基本技巧，使学生掌握口译的基本理论和专题连续传译的技能，初步学会口译记忆方法、口头概述、口译笔记及公众演讲技巧，以求学生能较准确、流畅地进行汉英对译；通过讲授同声传译的基本技巧，帮助学生了解同声传译的主要特点，并对学生进行相关技能的基础性训练，使学生能完成一般外事活动的同声传译工作，并为部分学生将来有机会进一步接受同声传译的系统训练奠定基础。

2.教学方法：本课程采用以学生为中心的教学方法，课堂上鼓励学生积极参与各种交际活动以获得基本的交际技能，课外鼓励学生增加阅读量，扩大知识面。充分利用多媒体等的设备，将教师的技巧讲授与学生的亲身实践紧密地结合起来。教师在课堂上应以直接的讲解为辅，主要负责指导学生进行大量的练习，并采用讨论的方式引导学生对自我的练习情况进行归纳、总结。3.课程学习目标和基本要求

通过本课程的学习使学生能了解和熟悉我国基本国情和重大路线、方针和政策，学会“宣传自己，了解别人” 以培养学生能基本掌握交替口译的主要技巧与一定的实践能力。目标应达到能胜任一般外宾日常生活口译，也能担任一般外事活动的口译的工作。同时还应初步掌握外贸和商务方面的口译技巧并基本具备从事该方面工作的能力，从而为学生将来有志从事口译工作或发展为复合型人才奠定基础，以适应新世纪对外语人才的新要求和新挑战。通过本课程的学习，要求学生能熟悉并了解交替口译的基本理论，掌握和运用英汉两种语言口译的特点，技巧和基本知识从而进一步提高学生综合应用能力，既要学习交替口译的技巧，更重视实践能力的锻炼与提高。4.课程学时：36学时 5.课程学分：2学分 6.课程类型：专业课 7.考核方式：考试

8.先修课程：《精读》、《泛读》、《英语语法》 9.适用专业与年级：英语专业本科三年级

二、课程结构

第一课（学时数：2）知识点（教学内容）： 1）口译概说

重点：口译中的记忆法

难点：记忆训练（1）记忆的编码、存储和恢复 第二课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、待人接物

重点：记忆训练（2），分类、概括与比较 难点：常用问候语的口译 第三课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、校园生活

重点：记忆训练（3）记忆方法和辅助记忆手段 难点：介绍事物的表达 第四课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、观光旅游

重点：相关介词的搭配使用，以及在口译中的翻译 难点：旅游介绍常用语和标志的翻译 第五课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）： 1.购物美食

重点：各种特色食物和著名购物胜地的特有表达翻译法。难点：英汉口译中关于美食及商品形容词的记忆以及互译。第六课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、时尚运动

重点：口译中的笔记

难点：如何表达含和时尚或者运动相关的词语.第七课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、休闲娱乐

重点：使用符号和英文缩写记笔记（1）难点：各种场所的口译方法 第八课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、节日习俗

重点：了解中国及英语国家的习俗和来源 难点：文化词及其相应的口译方法 第九课（学时数：2）知识点（教学内容）：

1、求职招聘

重点：各类职位的翻译 难点：了解相关词汇和术语

第十课（学时数：2）知识点（教学内容）： 1.商务礼仪

重点：了解在商务交流方面应注意的礼仪及其英语的表达。难点：笔记符号的使用帮助记忆长而复杂的商务流程.第十一课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、企业形象

重点：对企业介绍进行理解和翻译

难点：如何有效地将企业文化传递的精神在目的语有所体现.第十二课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、经济发展

重点：掌握经济类的相关英语词汇和术语，能对熟悉的经济术语及政策进行通顺的翻译

难点：对复杂结构句子的分析和对长句的理解与口译 第十三课

（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、环境保护

重点：学习掌握环境技术领域的词汇和术语 难点：环境保护英语的口译 第十四课

（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、科学技术

重点：学习掌握科学技术领域的相关词汇及特有术语 难点：英特网及一些先进科技的口译处理方法.第十五课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）： 1.网络时代

重点：掌握和网络相关的词和一些热用语。难点：口译中如何有效的运用缩写记忆法。第十六课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、文化差异

重点：源语国家和目的语国家存在的一些文化差异.难点：如何在口译当中避免一些因为文化不同带来的交流误解.第十七课（学时数：2）知识点（教学内容）： 1 , 天灾人祸

重点：了解常见自然灾害的专用词汇及术语.难点：如何更好更有效的记忆数字..第十八课（学时数：2）

知识点（教学内容）：

1、社会问题

重点：了解国际政治组织的相关背景知识、功能,及一些社会热点问题.难点：在政治社会问题材料的口译中如何避免敏感词.三、课程资料

教 材：

彭典贵,《实用英语基础口译教程》, 清华大学出版社北京交通大学出版社, 202_。参考书：

苏伟，《口译基础》，上海外语教育出版社，202_。冯建忠，《实用英语口译教程》，译林出版社，202_。

胡修浩，《汉英英汉经贸口译教程》，上海财经大学出版社，1998。雷天放，《口译教程》，上海外语教育出版社，202_。

编制：英语专业教研室 审核人：杜昌忠 编写时间：202_年6月

第三篇：口译教程基础词汇（模版）

口译教程[基础篇]

Education 1.“培养”（人才）怎么译？

“培养”可译做 train, turn out 或 produce,如： turn out large numbers of skilled workers have trained...assistant and middle level technicians the college produces very good interpreters.有时“培养”也译做foster,如： to foster activists培养积极分子 2.“工作单位”怎么译？

我国出版的英文报刊常把“工作单位”译作“work unit”，unit一词在英语中经常用不 指“部队”；翻译时如能用具体的词，如school, factory, hospital, company等可能更明白易懂。若指为特殊目的成立的机构（如医院，学校，公司等），也可考虑用institution一词代替。原工作单位也可译作 the institution at which one used to work。3.program一词的意思

program有syllabus（课程提纲）或curriculum（一个学校，专业，或学科的全部课程）的意思，如今也用来表示学校开设的“专业”，如：We have a MA program in literature/an intercultural communication program，或学校所设的“（训练）部”，如：the un language training program；Mr.Lin is in charge of the Chinese program in our university.补充一些有关教育的词汇： project hope 希望工程 the credit system 学分制

a double BA degree system 双学士制

students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 定向招生

key university 重点大学

center for post-doctoral studies 博士后科研流动站 specialty 专业

college/university of science and engineering 理工科大学 normal university；teachers' university 师范大学 polytechnic university 工业大学 agricultural university 农业大学 medical university 医科大学

institute of traditional Chinese medicine 中医学院 Sports 1.创记录

e.g.had broken or chalked up 495 world records.也可以说：

produce a total of 495 world records.set(up)/create/establish/make a new record.2.刷新记录

rewrite/renew/better/improve the world/one's own record 3.其它

e.g.equal/match a record reach a record hold/keep the record for...4.得冠军，得奖牌的表达方法

e.g.had won 582 world championships 也可以说：

gain world titles/championships take/capture 6 titles out of a possible 7 sweep all the 7 titles wrest the championship from...5.体育运动中的“实力”，“强项”怎么译？

“实力”可译作“strength””或“power”，如：

Chinese athletes showed their traditional strength in some track and field events.“实力”也可能形容词“powerful”或“strong”表达，如：

Chinese women basketball players are very powerful/strong.“强项”可译作“strong game/sport”。6.“黑马”为什么是“dark”horse？

“黑马”是“dark”而不是“black”horse 这里dark的含义是“不清楚”，“不明朗”，表示对于某人“知道甚少”的意思。Economy and Reform 1.reform一词的搭配法

reform可以和以下动词连用：

accomplish/effect/initiate/make/start reforms bring about reforms carry a reform into effect advocate/propose/urge reforms “深化改革”在我国出版的英语报刊上常译成deepen reform.一般说deepen做及物动词时常与knowledge, understanding一类词连用。“深化改革”中的“深化”就是“进一步”的意思，可译成： intensify the rural reform further carry out reforms as the reform further develops/is carried forward/is pushed forward 2.“改革开放”的表达法 “改革开放”可译成the policy of reform and opening up 或the reform and the open policy。切不可与the open-door policy（“门户开放”政策）混淆。“进一步开放”或“门要开得更大”可译成reform and opening up went one step further；further reform and opening up。

“加快改革开放的步伐”可译成accelerate the pace of reform and opening up。

3.“坚持”怎么译？

“坚持”可以译作adhere to, persevere in, persist in, hold on to, stick to, keep to等，如：

adherence to the socialist road, to communist party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zetong thought.adhering to a coordinated and balanced program of development.persevere in the pursuit of 1 central task and 2 basic points persisting in reform and opening up hold on to socialism stick to this attitude keep to the socialist orientation adhere to 的意识是“坚持维护，支持”，“信仰坚定”，“忠于”，如：“坚持党的基本路线”可译作 adhere to the party's basic line，“坚持无产阶级国际主义”可译作adhere to proletarian internationalism。

persevere in 和persist in 一般用于行动，都有“在困难或遭到反对的情况下继续”的意思；但persevere in 带褒义，表示“不屈不挠”，而persist in 带贬义，表示“顽固，不听开导”，如： perseverance means success.persevere in one's studies/armed struggle persist in one's errors/asking insulting questions hold one to 的意思是“抓住不放”，用于beliefs, ideas, principles时表示“坚持信仰”，即使他人影响或情况使人产生怀疑，也不改变或放弃，如： hold on to one's views stick to 的意思是“粘住，不离”；和choice, decision, principle, belief 等词连用时，也有“不变，不放弃”，“坚持”的意思。

keep to 有“不离”，“不违背”，“遵守”的意思，如： keep to the main road keep to prearranged plan keep to 用于decision，belief，rules时有“坚持”的意思。此外，“坚持”也可译作insist on, keep up, uphold 等。

insist on 多用于意见，主张，表示“硬要”，“坚决要求”，如： we insist on an interview before we accept any ma candidate.she insisted on her innocence.he insisted on going innocence.keep up 的意思是“继续”，如：

keep up one's studies/piano practice/the attack/the good work uphold 的意思 是“支持”，赞同“，可和law, principle, system, practice连用，表示“坚持”。“我们党坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观”可译作our party upholds dialectical materialism and historical materialism as its world outlook.工业

1.“达到”怎么译？

“达到”可用reach或amount to，但amount to 表示几个部分相加后得到的总和，和add up to，total，number的意思一样。2.operation一词的意思

operation有“运转”，“操作”，“工作”等意思，因此工厂“投入生产”，铁路“开始通车”，公司“开始营业”等都可能go into/step into/begin operation(s)，如：

the factory went into operation in1992.operation还有“经营”的意思，“经营机制”是operation mechanism，“经营自主”是autonomy in operation.“扩大生产/经营”可用expand operation 表达，如：

The enterprise expanded its operation into an iron and steel complex.3.capacity一词的意思

capacity表示最大生产量，容量或运载量，如： annual production capacity freighters with a total capacity of 100，000 tons capacity 也表示人的“能力”，“才干”，“本领”，如：

not working to capacity意思是“本领没有使出来”，“才干没有完全发挥”。4.同义词、近义词辨析：

1）factory, plant, works, mill, complex等： factory, plant, works, mill 都是工厂.factory 泛指一般工厂，如 food factory, tractor factory plant 多指电器业或机械制造业，一般用于以下工厂：

water power plant, machine-building plant, chemical plant。

works 多用于钢铁等重工业，如 iron and steel works, gas works, cement works。

mill 原意是“磨坊”，现泛指“工厂”，多用于轻工业，尤其是纺织工业，如： cotton/textile/silk/woolen mill, lumber/saw mill, steel mill, heavy steel rolling mill complex 指“联合企业”，如 chemical complex, iron and steel complex, building complex。

在现代报刊中，以上用法大都依照习惯，有时没有明确界限或区别。值得注意的是有些词专指特殊的工厂，如smeltery 冶炼厂、foundry 铸造厂、tannery制革厂。

2)equipment, facility: equipment 和 facility 都可译作“设备”，“器材”，但equipment 是不可熟名词，指用于某一特殊目的的东西，供给品，装备等。如： a completer of equipment an important piece of equipment basic kitchen equipment stereo equipment facility 是可数名词，常用复数形式。facilities指为一特殊活动或目的所提供的种种便利，包括设备、建筑物和服务等等。如： production facilities facilities for study facilities for travel sports facilities 202_年，奥运会将在北京举行。作为中国人，我们都想对奥运会有一个更全面的了解，尤其是怎么用英语表达，我想通过一些常用的术语以及句子来增强对它的了解。

首先，我们来了解常用的术语： 奥运会Olympic Games 奥运会选拔赛Olympic trial 国际奥委会International Olympic Committee 奥运会会歌Olympic Anthem 奥运火炬Olympic torch 奥运会代表团Olympic delegation 奥运村Olympic village 组委会organization committee 开幕式opening ceremony 闭幕式closing ceremony 吉祥物mascot 颁奖台podium 其次，我们通过一些句子来增强对奥运会的了解。

The international Olympic Committee constituted itself on 23rd June 1894.国际奥委会于1894年6月23日成立。

The Olympic symbol, the five interlocking rings, represents the union of the five continents and the meeting of the athletes of the world at the Olympic Games.奥林匹克的标志是五个相连的圆环，它代表着五大洲的团结和全世界运动员在奥运会上相聚一堂。The official languages of the IOC are French and English.国际奥委会的官方语言是法语和英语。

The Olympic flame is a symbol reminiscent of the ancient Olympic Games.奥运圣火是人们缅怀古代奥运会的象征。

The Olympic Games consist of the Games of the Olympiad and the Olympic Winter Games.Both take place every four years.奥运会包括夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会，它们都是每四年举办一次。The Olympic Games shall be proclaimed open by the Head of State of the host country.奥运会由东道国国家元首宣布开幕。The delegation parade in alphabetical order according to the language of the host country, except for Greece, which leads the parade, and for the host country which brings up the rear.代表团按东道国语言文字的字母顺序入场。希腊和东道国例外，希 腊代表团第一个入场，东道国代表团最后一个入场。

笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start.不眠之夜white night

不遗余力spare no effort;go all out;do one“s best 不打不成交”No discord, no concord.拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 大开眼界open one“s eyes;broaden one”s horizon;be an eye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits.好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore, one prays no more 和气生财Harmony brings wealth 活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn.既往不咎let bygones be bygones 金无足赤,人无完人Gold can“t be pure and man can”t be perfect.金玉满堂Treasures fill the home 脚踏实地be down-to-earth 脚踩两只船sit on the fence 老生常谈，陈词滥调cut and dried, cliché 礼尚往来Courtesy calls for reciprocity.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧“Where there is life, there is hope.” 马到成功achieve immediate victory;win instant success 名利双收gain in both fame and wealth 茅塞顿开be suddenly enlightened 弄巧成拙be too smart by half;Cunning outwits itself.拿手好戏masterpiece 赔了夫人又折兵throw good money after bad 抢得先机take the preemptive opportunities 强强联手win-win co-operation 瑞雪兆丰年A timely snow promises a good harvest.人之初,性本善Man“s nature at birth is good.人逢喜事精神爽Joy puts heart into a man.人海战术huge-crowd strategy 世上无难事，只要肯攀登”Where there is a will, there is a way.“ 世外桃源a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;死而后已until my heart stops beating 岁岁平安Peace all year round 塞翁失马，焉知非福Misfortune may be an actual blessing.升级换代updating and upgrading(of products)四十不惑Life begins at forty.水涨船高When the river rises, the boat floats high.时不我待Time and tide wait for no man.杀鸡用牛刀break a butterfly on the wheel 说曹操,曹操到Talk of the devil and he comes.实话实说speak the plain truth;call a spade a spade;tell it as it is 实践是检验真理的唯一标准Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.糖衣炮弹sugar-coated bullets 天有不测风云Anything unexpected may happen.a bolt from the blue 团结就是力量Unity is strength.歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomena 物以类聚，人以群分Birds of a feather flock together.望子成龙hold high hopes for one”s child 屋漏又逢连阴雨Misfortunes never come singly.When it rains it pours.文韬武略military expertise;military strategy 唯利是图draw water to one“s mill 无源之水,无本之木water without a source, and a tree wiithout roots 无中生有make/create something out of nothing 徇私枉法bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends 新官上任三把火a new broom sweeps clean 蓄势而发accumulate strength for a take-off 心想事成May all your wish come true 先入为主First impressions are firmly entrenched.先下手为强catch the ball before the bound 像热锅上的蚂蚁like an ant on a hot pan 现身说法warn people by taking oneself as an example 息事宁人pour oil on troubled waters 喜忧参半mingled hope and fear 循序渐进step by step 鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey 有情人终成眷属”Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.“ 有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go.Money talks.有识之士people of vision 有勇无谋use brawn rather than brain 与时俱进advance with times 以人为本people oriented;people foremost 因材施教teach students according to their aptitude 欲速则不达Haste does not bring success.优胜劣汰survival of the fittest 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies.一言既出，驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words.招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful 债台高筑become debt-ridden 致命要害Achilles” heel 众矢之的target of public criticism 纸上谈兵be an armchair strategist 纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later.

第四篇：口译教程(基础篇)

 口译教程（基础篇）

 英语倍数句型及翻译

 英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有 一些（如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧ 等，见圈码）很容易译错——其主要原因在于：英汉两语在表述或对比倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异。现将常 用的英语倍数句型及其正确译法归纳如下：

 倍数增加

A is n times as great（long，much，„）as B.（①）

 A is n times greater（longer，more，„）than B.（②） A is n times the size（length，amount，„）of B.(③)

以上三句都应译为；A的大小（长度，数量，„„）是B的n倍[或A比B大（长，多，„„）n-1倍].e.g.This book is three times as long as(three times longer than/three times the length of)that one.这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍（即长两倍）。

注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than（as，of）B常被省去。

（二）increase to n times（④）

 increase n times／n-fold（⑤） increase by n times（⑥）

 increase by a factor of n（⑦）

以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍（或：增加n-1倍）。

e.g.The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year.集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。e.g.The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986． 化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。

e.g.That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍（即提高1倍或2倍）。

e.g.The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.漏电压增加了3借（即增加到原来的4倍）。

注：在这类句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等词所替代。

（三）There is a n-fold increase/growth„（⑧）

应译为：增加n-倍（或增至n倍）。这个句型还有其它一些形式：

e.g.A record high increase in value of four times was reported.据报道，价值破记录地增长了3倍。

（四）double(增加1倍)，treble（增加2倍），quadruple（增加3倍）。(⑨)

e.g.The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled． 这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。

 

  

 

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       



（五）此外，英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来比较倍数的方法，如：

 A is as much（large，long，„）again as B.（= A is twice as much（large，long，„）as B.（⑩）

应译为：A比B多（大，长，„„）1倍。

 A is half as much（large，1ong，„）again as B.(= A is one and a half times as much（large，1ong，„）as B.)（11）应译为：A比B多（大，长„„）一半（即A是B的一倍半）。

 倍数减少



（一）a is n times as small（light，slow，„）as b.（12） a is n times smaller（lighter，slower，„)than b.（13）

 以上两句均应译为：a的大小（重量，速度，„„）是b的1/n[或a比b小（轻，慢，„„）（n-1）/n]。

 e.g.The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom.氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16（即比氧原子约轻15/16）。

 e.g.This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper.这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半（即是普通纸厚度的1/2）。 注：当相比的对象b很明显时，than/as b常被省去。

（二）decrease n times/n--fold（14）

 decrease by n times（15）

 decrease by a factor of n（16）

 以上三式均译为：减少到1/n[或：减少(n-1)/n]。

decrease常被reduce，shorten，go／slow down等词替代。

 e.g.Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times.新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了1/3（即缩短到2/3）。

 e.g.When the voltage is stepped up by ten times，the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times.电压升高9倍，电流强度便降低9/10（即90％）。

 e.g.The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5.该设备误差概率降低了4/5。



（三）there is a n-fold decrease/reduction„

应译为：减至1/n [或：减少（n一1）/n]。（17）这个句型还有其它一些形式， e.g.A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed．

发现迅速减少到1/7。

 e.g.The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight.这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2。 从上列倍数增减句型及其译法中不难看出：与汉语不 同的是，英语在表述或比较倍数时，无论使用什么句 型（除了不含倍数词的again句型外）都包括基础倍

数在内，因此都不是净增或净减n倍，而是净增或 净减n-1倍。所以句型⑤、③表示的倍数增量=句型④； 句型(13)表示的倍数比差＝句型12，且decrease（by）3 times应译为“减少2/3”，而不是“减少3/4”。



 数字的译法

 数字的译法有以下几点注意：

一，口译中经常遇到数字，没有经过训练的人往往会出错，这是因为汉语和英语数字表达的方式不同。汉语是个，十，百，千，万，十万，百万，千万，亿，十亿„„，也就是以“十”的倍数来表示；而英语则是在数字超过千以后，以“千”（thousand）的倍数来表达的。如“一万”是“十千”，即ten shousand；“十万”是“百千”，即hundred thousand，直至“百万”，million。百万以上的数字则用“百万”的倍数表达；如“千万”是“十百万”，即ten million;“亿”是“百百万”，即hundred million，直至“十亿”，billion。

 掌握以上情况后就知道，凡遇到“万”和“十万”时都要变成“十千”，“百千”。当然，如记录时能把上述数字立即写成10，000和100，000，翻译起来就容易了。如记录时写成3万，30万，那就要在口译时迅速地转换成“三十千”，“三百千”后再翻译。因此如何记下数字也是一个问题。

 上百万的数字最简单的表达方法是把百万以后的数字用point多少来表达，如396万可说成3.96 million;3亿9，650万是396.5 million；以此类推，10亿以上的数字“百亿”是“十十亿”；129亿就是12.9 billion。

 在用小数点时应注意：小数点以前的数字读法同基数词，即数字之间一般不用连接词，只在hundred和后面的十位数之间用and，如123，456读作one hundred and twenty-three thousand four hundred and fifty-six。但小数点的数字要一个个分开来读，如3.126读作three point one two six。

 二，翻译时常会遇到一些较笼统的数字，如“几个”，“十几个”，“几十个”等等，这类表达法需要熟记：

几个 some;a few;several;a number of 十几个 more than;no more than twenty 几个个 dozens of 几十年 decades 七十好几了 well over seventy 好几百个 hundreds of 成千上万 thousands of 几十万 hundreds of thousands of 亿万 hundreds of millions of  三，汉语中有些对序数词提问的问题，译成英语时要改变提问法，如：

1.这是你第几次来中国？

Is this your first visit to china? 2.你们队得了第几名？

Did your team win the championship? 3.这孩子是你的老几啊？

Is this your oldest/youngest child/son/daughter?

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 英语数词的翻译

 英语中的有些数词在汉译时可以等值翻译。但是，也有不少数词在汉译中不能等值翻译，或者完全不译出来。这种翻译处理方法是为了使汉译句子能符合汉语的表达习惯。以下分别举例说明。 等值翻译：

 a drop in the ocean沧海一粟

                     within a stone's throw一箭之遥

ki11 two birds with one stone一箭双雕

a fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.．吃一堑，长一智。不等值翻译：

at sixes and sevens乱七八糟 on second thoughts再三考虑

by ones and twos两两地，零零落落地

Two heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠胜过诸葛亮。

Can you come down a little?--Sorry, it's one price for all.你能便宜一点卖吗？对不起，不二价.He had one over the eight after be drank only half bottle of the wine。他才喝了半瓶酒就醉得七歪八倒了。不必译出

One man's meat is another man's poison.人各有所好。I'll love you three score and ten.我会一辈子爱你的。Ten to one he has forgotten it．很可能他已经忘了。

His mark in math is second to none in the class.他的数学分数在班上是名列前茅的。She is a second Lei Feng。她是雷锋式的人物。

I always believe my sixth sense。我总相信我的直觉。

He talks about you nine times out of ten when we have a chitchat.每次我们闲聊他几乎都谈及你。

The parson official1y pronounced that they became one。牧师正式宣告他们成婚。

 I used to study in France in the year one。我早年曾在法国学习。

 不定冠词a的翻译特

 英语中不定冠词a（an）相当活跃，就连英美的作家有时对它也看法不一。现只用实例来说明在翻译中常出现的一些非常规用法。（1）a day or two（＝one or two days）一两天

但前者作主语时，谓语动词用单数、复数均可；后者作主语时，谓语用复数形式。

（2）more than a year一年多的时间（即一年零几个月）；比较more than one year不止一年的时间（即两年。三年„„）。（3）a ten years l0年 a dozen times l2次

用在基数词前表示一个数量单位 once upon a time从前 for a time暂时

in a sense从某种意义上说 in a measure有几分

在某些口语中作“某一”“某些”讲。

（5）a cow is a domestic animal母牛是家畜。

主语中的a表示any“任何一个”，所以a可以表示一般性，代表全体。

be of an age同岁

we are just of an age。我们恰好是同岁。

               

                   比较be of age成年 once a year一年一次

three times a day一日三次

其中的a近似于per，each, very用于计算价钱、时间和速度。have a look看一看 need a wash洗一洗

a good knowledge丰富的知识

a crashing of gears变速箱发出的一阵阵碰撞声

a screeching of tires刹车时汽车轮胎发出刺耳的响声

a有在与动词同形的名词前或名词化的动名词前，表示一定的量或一些响声。We need a Washington today。今天我们需要像华盛顿那样的人物。The city is a London in miniature。那个城市就像是个“小伦敦”。a可以表示借喻，表示“和„„相似的人、事或地方.（10）I have got a complete Shakespeare at hand．我手头有莎士比亚全集。My wife is a Stuart．我的妻子是斯图亚特家的人。

A Mr.Smith called this morning。有位叫史密斯的先生今天早上来过电话。

his father bought an Anderwood last week.上周他父亲买了台安德伍德牌打字机。

a可用在作家、画家、名家、发明家前表示其作品，用在姓氏前表示某家族的一员或不认识的姓。（11）He settled in a China which every one knows to have been completely changed for two years。他在大家都知道的已经完全改变了面貌的中国定居了两年。a用在带有定语的专有名词前，表示情况的改变。（12）a glass一只玻璃杯 — glass玻璃 a hot coal一块烧红的煤一coal煤 a heavy rain一阵大雨－rain雨

a用在物质名词前，使物质名词变成普通名词

（13）Iit is a bother to me。这对我来说是件麻烦事。She is an honor to her school，她是个为母校增光的人。a用在抽象名词前，使抽象名词变为普通名词。

（14）a new moon一轮新月（c.f.the moon月亮）

a world like ours像我们这样的世界（c.f.the world世界）原本the的名词改用a后，表示某种状态。

（15）a red and black skirt一条红黑相间的裙子（一条）a red and a black skirt一条红裙和一条黑裙（二条）            

 两个词同指一物或一人时只用一个a，指两件物品或两个人时，两个词分别用a。

 怎样用英语表示数字

 在汉英笔译和英语写作中，经常会遇到数字；哪些场合用单词表示，哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示，往往使人难以确定，现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。

 实际上，以英语为母语的国家，在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则，现总结如下供读者参考。

 英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则，即1至10用单词表示，10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字（也有的以100为界限），这条原则值得我们行文时借鉴。如：

That table measures ten feet by five. 那个工作台长10英尺，宽5英尺。

 The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week. 由一个教授和十名学生每周会晤两三次，每次授课时间45到50分钟，是大学程度课堂教学的传统方式。

大数目用阿技伯数字表示显得更简洁明了，但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。如：  There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls。 选举名单上有203817个投票人。

 Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.近3万个投票人参加了这次选举。

遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字，通常用阿拉伯数字。如：  Maximum swivel of table is l20. 工作台的最大回转角度是120度。 又如：

 ①3rd march l991或3 march l991； a discount of 5 percent（5%的折扣）；  ②purchased 7 yards of carpet（买7码地毯）；

③ordered 2 pounds of minced steak（订购2磅剁碎的肉）。 如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数，可用单词表示， 如：① about five miles per hour（每小时大约5英里）， ②at least ten yards away（至少有10码远）， ③hesitated for a moment or two（犹豫了片刻）， ④i have warned you a hundred times（我已经警告你多少遍了）。在科技文章中，数字频繁出现，用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利，如：

 The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 liters and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute。

 这台新发动机的容积为4.3升，转速为每分钟4400转时输出功率是153千瓦。 we know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0℃，and 76cm，pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound. 我们知道，1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下，重量是0.81磅，也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。

(5)句首不用阿拉伯数字，句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字， 4th July is an important date in American history. 应该写成the fourth of July... 19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition. 19对选手参加了交际舞比赛。应改写成：Nineteen couples took„  60% profit was a reported．据报道有60%的利润。 应改写成：Sixty per cent profit„

 1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.试验时在杆的中点加1345公斤力。

 可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied„ 遇到分数，可用带连字符号的单词表示，如： 











 At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds.这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。 Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere.氮约占大气的五分之四。

 Sports

 创记录

 e.g.had broken or chalked up 495 world records.也可以说：

produce a total of 495 world records.set(up)/create/establish/make a new record. 刷新记录

 rewrite/renew/better/improve the world/one's own record  其它

 e.g.equal/match a record reach a record hold/keep the record for... 得冠军，得奖牌的表达方法

e.g.had won 582 world championships 也可以说：

gain world titles/championships take/capture 6 titles out of a possible 7 sweep all the 7 titles wrest the championship from... 体育运动中的“实力”，“强项”怎么译？

“实力”可译作“strength””或“power”，如：

Chinese athletes showed their traditional strength in some track and field events.“实力”也可能形容词“powerful”或“strong”表达，如： Chinese women basketball players are very powerful/strong.“强项”可译作“strong game/sport”。 “黑马”为什么是“dark”horse？

“黑马”是“dark”而不是“black”horse 这里dark的含义是“不清楚”，“不明朗”，表示对于某人“知道甚少”的意思。

 Education

 1.“培养”（人才）怎么译？

“培养”可译做 train, turn out 或 produce,如： turn out large numbers of skilled workers have trained...assistant and middle level technicians the college produces very good interpreters.有时“培养”也译做foster,如： to foster activists培养积极分子

 2.“工作单位”怎么译？

我国出版的英文报刊常把“工作单位”译作“work unit”，unit一词在英语中经常用不 指“部队”；翻译时如能用具体的词，如school, factory, hospital, company等可能更明白易懂。若指为特殊目的成立的机构（如医院，学校，公司等），也可考虑用institution一词代替。原工作单位也可译作the institution at which one used to work。 3.program一词的意思

program有syllabus（课程提纲）或curriculum（一个学校，专业，或学科的全部课程）的意思，如今也用来表示学校开设的“专业”，如：We have a MA program in literature/an intercultural communication program，或学校所设的“（训练）部”，如：the un language training program；Mr.Lin is in charge of the Chinese program in our university. 补充一些有关教育的词汇：

project hope 希望工程 the credit system 学分制

a double BA degree system 双学士制

students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 定向招生 key university 重点大学

center for post-doctoral studies 博士后科研流动站 specialty 专业  college/university of science and engineering 理工科大学

normal university；teachers' university 师范大学 polytechnic university 工业大学 agricultural university 农业大学 medical university 医科大学

institute of traditional Chinese medicine 中医学院

Economy and Reform

 reform一词的搭配法

reform可以和以下动词连用：

accomplish/effect/initiate/make/start reforms bring about reforms carry a reform into effect advocate/propose/urge reforms “深化改革”在我国出版的英语报刊上常译成deepen reform.一般说deepen做及物动词时常与knowledge, understanding一类词连用。“深化改革”中的“深化”就是“进一步”的意思，可译成：

intensify the rural reform further carry out reforms as the reform further develops/is carried forward/is pushed forward  2.“改革开放”的表达法

“改革开放”可译成the policy of reform and opening up 或the reform and the open policy。切不可与the open-door policy（“门户开放”政策）混淆。“进一步开放”或“门要开得更大”可译成reform and opening up went one step further；further reform and opening up。“加快改革开放的步伐”可译成accelerate the pace of reform and opening up。 3.“坚持”怎么译？

“坚持”可以译作adhere to, persevere in, persist in, hold on to, stick to, keep to等，如：

adherence to the socialist road, to communist party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zetong thought.adhering to a coordinated and balanced program of development.persevere in the pursuit of 1 central task and 2 basic points persisting in reform and opening up hold on to socialism stick to this attitude keep to the socialist orientation adhere to 的意识是“坚持维护，支持”，“信仰坚定”，“忠于”，如：“坚持党的基本路线”可译作 adhere to the party's basic line，“坚持无产阶级国际主义”可译作adhere to proletarian internationalism。

persevere in 和persist in 一般用于行动，都有“在困难或遭到反对的情况下继续”的意思；但persevere in 带褒义，表示“不屈不挠”，而persist in 带贬义，表示“顽固，不听开导”，如： perseverance means success.persevere in one's studies/armed struggle persist in one's errors/asking insulting questions hold one to 的意思是“抓住不放”，用于beliefs, ideas, principles时表示“坚持信仰”，即使他人影响或情况使人产生怀疑，也不改变或放弃，如： hold on to one's views stick to 的意思是“粘住，不离”；和choice, decision, principle, belief 等词连用时，也有“不变，不放弃”，“坚持”的意思。

keep to 有“不离”，“不违背”，“遵守”的意思，如： keep to the main road keep to prearranged plan keep to 用于decision，belief，rules时有“坚持”的意思。此外，“坚持”也可译作insist on, keep up, uphold 等。

insist on 多用于意见，主张，表示“硬要”，“坚决要求”，如： we insist on an interview before we accept any ma candidate.she insisted on her innocence.he insisted on going innocence.keep up 的意思是“继续”，如：

keep up one's studies/piano practice/the attack/the good work uphold 的意思 是“支持”，赞同“，可和law, principle, system, practice连用，表示“坚持”。“我们党坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观”可译作our party upholds dialectical materialism and historical materialism as its world outlook. 工业

 1.“达到”怎么译？

“达到”可用reach或amount to，但amount to 表示几个部分相加后得到的总和，和add up to，total，number的意思一样。 operation一词的意思

operation有“运转”，“操作”，“工作”等意思，因此工厂“投入生产”，铁路“开始通车”，公司“开始营业”等都可能go into/step into/begin operation(s)，如： the factory went into operation in1992.operation还有“经营”的意思，“经营机制”是operation mechanism，“经营自主”是autonomy in operation.“扩大生产/经营”可用expand operation 表达，如： The enterprise expanded its operation into an iron and steel complex. capacity一词的意思

capacity表示最大生产量，容量或运载量，如： annual production capacity freighters with a total capacity of 100，000 tons capacity 也表示人的“能力”，“才干”，“本领”，如：

not working to capacity意思是“本领没有使出来”，“才干没有完全发挥”。 同义词、近义词辨析：

1）factory, plant, works, mill, complex等： factory, plant, works, mill 都是工厂.factory 泛指一般工厂，如 food factory, tractor factory plant 多指电器业或机械制造业，一般用于以下工厂：

water power plant, machine-building plant, chemical plant。

works 多用于钢铁等重工业，如 iron and steel works, gas works, cement works。mill 原意是“磨坊”，现泛指“工厂”，多用于轻工业，尤其是纺织工业，如： cotton/textile/silk/woolen mill, lumber/saw mill, steel mill, heavy steel rolling mill complex 指“联合企业”，如 chemical complex, iron and steel complex, building complex。

在现代报刊中，以上用法大都依照习惯，有时没有明确界限或区别。值得注意的是有些词专指特殊的工厂，如smeltery 冶炼厂、foundry 铸造厂、tannery制革厂。 2)equipment, facility: equipment 和 facility 都可译作“设备”，“器材”，但equipment 是不可熟名词，指用于某一特殊目的的东西，供给品，装备等。如： a completer of equipment an important piece of equipment basic kitchen equipment stereo equipment facility 是可数名词，常用复数形式。facilities指为一特殊活动或目的所提供的种种便利，包括设备、建筑物和服务等等。如： production facilities facilities for study facilities for travel sports facilities

第五篇：口译基础——笔译[最终版]

英语精英俱乐部——English Elite Club

No1.联合国秘书长202_年世界防治结核病日致辞

This year on World Tuberculosis Day there is cause for optimism.The recent adoption of a fast and powerful new diagnostic tool promises to accelerate international gains against the disease.今年世界防治结核病日有理由感到乐观。最近采用一种迅速、高效的新诊断工具，可望加快国际结核病防治工作的进展。

At the same time, our hope must be tempered by the sobering fact that multidrug-resistant forms of TB remain an ever-present threat that, if allowed to spread unchecked, could set back the steady progress made during the past two decades.与此同时，各种形式的耐多药结核病仍是经常存在的一种威胁，如果任其传播而不加阻止，可能抵消过去二十年不断取得的进展，这个严肃的事实必须使我们的希望有所节制。

The World Health Organization's Stop TB Strategy has brought major achievements, including impressive improvements in the way TB care is delivered.Over the past 15 years, well over 40 million people have received treatment in accordance with the Strategy.Prevalence and death rates continue to fall, demonstrating the power of international commitment to save lives.世界卫生组织的《杜绝结核病战略》已经带来巨大的成就，包括结核病治疗法的实施方式令人瞩目的改进。15年来，按照这项《战略》接受治疗的人数远超过4000万。流行率和死亡率不断下降，显示国际拯救生命的承诺很有力量。

This progress could be lost if we are not vigilant.Efforts to carry out the Strategy are severely underfunded, as is research to develop additional, badly needed tools.Without further improvements in TB prevention, early diagnosis and treatment, some 8 million people will die of TB between now and 202_.TB will also claim the lives of many people infected with HIV.如果我们不保持警觉，上述进展就可能消失。这项《战略》的执行工作严重缺乏资金，在研发更多迫切需要的工具方面也是如此。在结核病的预防、早日诊断和治疗方面如果不能继续进展，从现在到202_年，约有800万人会死于结核病。结核病也会夺去许多感染艾滋病毒的人的性命。

TB care still fails to reach everyone in need.About one third of people with TB do not benefit from accurate diagnosis and appropriate care.Most of these nearly 3 million people are in vulnerable and marginalized groups, including slum dwellers, migrant workers and drug users.结核病的治疗工作仍然不能涵盖每个需要治疗的人。约有三分之一的结核病人没有得到正确的诊断和适当的治疗。这些将近300万的人大多数属于弱势和处于社会边缘的群体，包括贫民窟的居民、移徙工人和吸_________________________________________________________ 202_寒假口译特训营——造就精英人才

英语精英俱乐部——English Elite Club

毒者。

We need to reach them by teaming up with civil society, health workers and businesses.In the 21st century, no one should die from this curable disease.我们必须同民间社会、保健工作人员和企业联合起来，向他们施出援手。在二十一世纪，没有任何人应该死于这种可以治疗的疾病。

Access to quality health care is a basic human right.On World TB Day, I call for action to carry out the Stop TB Strategy everywhere, for all those who need it.This will go a long way toward universal access to diagnosis and treatment, and that, in turn, will help rid the world of one of the biggest infectious killers facing humankind.获得优良的保健服务是一种基本人权。在世界防治结核病日，我呼吁采取行动，在全球各地为一切有此需要的人实施《杜绝结核病战略》。此举将大有助于使世人普遍得到诊断和治疗，这反过来又有助于在全世界铲除人类所面临的最致命传染病之一。

No2.联合国秘书长202_年地球一小时活动致辞

Tomorrow, hundreds of millions of people around the world will observe Earth Hour.By switching off their lights for 60 minutes at 8.30 p.m.local time, each of these men, women and children will send a powerful message that they want to change what's happening to our world.明天（3月26日），全世界数以亿计的人们将会参加“地球一小时”的活动。在当地时间的晚间8点30分，每一个男人，女人和孩子都将传递出改变地球现状的强烈信息。

As in previous years, UN communities around the world will take part.Here in New York, all our buildings will go dark – including our main headquarters which is currently closed for renovation.同往年一样，联合国位于世界各地的机构都将参与到这一活动中。而在纽约联合国总部，我们的大楼也将熄灯，包括我们目前正在关闭期间进行装修的秘书处大楼。

It is more than half a century since our striking monument to world peace and cooperation rose on the East River.This New York landmark is now receiving a much-needed overhaul.When completed, the new LEED-certified _________________________________________________________ 202_寒假口译特训营——造就精英人才

英语精英俱乐部——English Elite Club

UN Headquarters will use less energy and water, and create less waste.It will be an example of modern sustainable architecture at its best.在纽约东河边矗立了半个多世纪的联合国秘书处大楼目前正在装修，装修完成后，联合国大楼将是一座低能耗、低费水、低排放的建筑。它将成为现代可持续发展建筑的最好的典范。

All over the world inpiduals, communities, businesses and governments are creating new examples for our common future – new visions for sustainable living and new technologies to realize it.Tomorrow, let us join together to celebrate this shared quest to protect the planet and ensure human well-being.Let us use 60 minutes of darkness to help the world see the light.世界各地的民众、社区、企业和政府正在为了人类共同的未来而创造新的典范，在以可持续方式生活方面确立新的愿景，并为实现这一愿景而开发新的技术。在26日这一天，让我们为了保护地球和确保人类福祉而共同庆祝，用60分钟的黑暗帮助世界看到光明。

No3.联合国秘书长202_年世界水日致辞

As the world charts a more sustainable future, the crucial interplay among water, food and energy is one of the most formidable challenges we face.Without water there is no dignity and no escape from poverty.Yet the Millennium Development Goal target for water and sanitation is among those on which many countries lag the most.在全世界策划一个更可持续的前景之际，水、粮食与能源的相互作用是我们面临的最巨大挑战之一。没有水，就没有尊严，也无法摆脱贫穷。然而，《千年发展目标》里水和环境卫生的指标却属于许多国家最落后的指标。

In little over a generation, 60 per cent of the global population will be living in towns and cities, with much of the increase taking place in the inner city slums and squatter settlements of the developing world.The theme of this year’s observance of World Water Day--“Water for Cities”--highlights some of the main challenges of this increasingly urban future.约略再过一代，全球人口的60%将住在城市，其中大部分增加人数将出现在发展中国家的市中心贫民区和棚户区。今年纪念世界水日的主题——“城市用水”——凸显这个日益城市化的前景所具有的一些主要挑_________________________________________________________ 202_寒假口译特训营——造就精英人才

英语精英俱乐部——English Elite Club

战。

Urbanization brings opportunities for more efficient water management and improved access to drinking water and sanitation.At the same time, problems are often magnified in cities, and are currently outpacing our ability to devise solutions.城市化带来更有效管理用水和更能获得饮用水和环境卫生的机会。同时，城市里的各种问题往往扩大，目前逐渐超出我们拟订解决办法的能力。

Over the past decade, the number of urban dwellers who lack access to a water tap in their home or immediate vicinity has risen by an estimated 114 million, and the number of those who lack access to the most basic sanitation facilities has risen by 134 million.This 20 per cent increase has had a hugely detrimental impact on human health and on economic productivity: people are sick and unable to work.过去十年，家里或附近没有水龙头可用的城市居民的人数估计增加了1.14亿，没有最基本的环卫设施可用的城市居民的人数则增加了1.34亿。这个20%增加数额对人类健康和经济生产力都有极其有害的影响：人民生病不能工作。

Water challenges go beyond questions of access.In many countries, girls are forced to drop out of school owing to a lack of sanitation facilities, and women are harassed or assaulted when carrying water or visiting a public toilet.Moreover, the poorest and most vulnerable members of society often have little choice but to buy water from informal vendors at prices estimated to be 20 to 100 per cent higher than that of their richer neighbours, who receive piped city water in their homes.This is not just unsustainable;it is unacceptable.用水方面的挑战还不限于取得用水的问题。许多国家的女童因为缺乏环卫设施而被迫退学，妇女提水或上公用厕所时被人骚扰或侵犯。此外，最穷最弱的社会成员往往不得不向非正式的贩子买水，价钱比在家里接引本市自来水的有钱邻居所付的价钱大约高出20%至100%。这种情况不仅不可持续，而且不可接受。

Water problems will figure prominently at the forthcoming UN Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro, in 202_ – Rio + 20.My High-level Panel on Global Sustainability and UN-Water are examining ways in which we can connect the dots among water, energy and food security, with the aim of reducing poverty and inequality, generating jobs, and minimizing the risks of climate change and environmental stress.在将于202_年在里约热内卢举行的联合国可持续发展大会(里约＋20)上，水的问题将居于显著的地位。我的全球可持续性和联合国水机制问题高级别小组正在研究我们可以采用什么方法把水、能源和粮食安全之_________________________________________________________ 202_寒假口译特训营——造就精英人才

英语精英俱乐部——English Elite Club

间的关系建立起来，以期减少贫穷和不平等现象，创造就业机会，并尽量减少气候变化和环境压力的危险。

On World Water Day, I urge governments to recognize the urban water crisis for what it is – a crisis of governance, weak policies and poor management, rather than one of scarcity.Let us also pledge to reverse the alarming decline in pro poor investment in water and sanitation.And let us reaffirm our commitment to ending the plight of the more than 800 million people who, in a world of plenty, still do not have the safe drinking water or sanitation they need for a life in dignity and good health.在世界水日，我呼吁各国政府认识城市用水危机的真相——这是治理方式、软弱政策和管理不善造成的危机，而非供不应求的危机。我们还要保证把水和环卫方面有利于穷人的投资急剧下降的趋势扭转过来。同时让我们重申：我们承诺终止8亿多人民的苦难，他们虽然处于一个富足的世界中，却仍然得不到他们的尊严和健康生活所需的安全饮用水或环境卫生。

No4.驻英国大使刘晓明在第十届“汉语桥”世界大学生中文比赛

英国区预选赛上的讲话

各位选手、各位评委、各位来宾： Judges and contestants, Ladies and gentlemen，首先，祝贺“汉语桥”世界大学生中文比赛十周岁生日。我很高兴再次出席英国区预选赛。当你再到一个地方或再次出席一项活动，中国有一句唐诗叫：“前度刘郎今又来”。恰好我姓“刘”，所以这句话形容今天的场合是再贴切不过了。

I have real pleasure attending this 10th “Chinese Bridge” Competition.I enjoyed it so much last year – so it's very good to be back!We Chinese people love poetry and are always looking for amusing word links.So I cannot resist giving you a link about 'coming back'as I am indeed a Mr Liu come back again!

This 10th anniversary must be a celebration – as the competition is now a huge success.The aim of the competition – to use an English pun – is to to create a deeper 'bridge of understanding'.It has united college students worldwide.Since it started in China in 202_ a hundred thousand students from more than seventy _________________________________________________________ 202_寒假口译特训营——造就精英人才

英语精英俱乐部——English Elite Club

countries have competed.Now that's something well worth celebrating!Also we should give a big cheer for how the competition is boosting the learning of the Chinese language worldwide.Making learning fun is a sure recipe for success.I am certain that formula is the why the competition is a winner.我再度前来，是要给各位选手加一把油，希望再次给你们带来好运。去年，英国赛区选拔的蒋思哲等三位同学在中国举行的总决赛中取得了特等奖及两个三等奖这一前所未有的好成绩。我希望今年你们再接再厉，能有新的优秀选手脱颖而出，再创佳绩。我也希望你们不仅仅把这里当作是一个赛场，更把这里当作是一个展现学习成果的舞台，互相交流学习心得的平台。

I come back to bring you good luck again.The same event last year produced three finalists.One of them, Mr Stewart Johnson, went on to win the very top prize in China.The other two won third prizes in the finals.That was Britain's best ever performance.I wish you the very best of luck to achieve the success of the UK contestants last year – and they set you a rather high standard!So there's the challenge!I wish you more world-beating success from you British contestants this year!

我再度前来，是要给在英的“汉语热”添一把火。我高兴地看到，近10万英国人正在学习中文，英格兰1/6的中小学开设了汉语课程，英国54所大学开设了中文课程，其中7所大学设有中文专业，13所孔子学院和54间孔子课堂在英落地生根。不久前，我应邀与查尔斯王子一同为威尔士兰德福瑞公学孔子课堂揭牌，令我意外的是，查尔斯王子用非常标准的汉语对我说：“威尔士欢迎你！”我想，有你们的王储亲作表率，你们的汉语一定会学得更好！

I come back to heat up the Mandarin fever.The contest is motivating the learning of Mandarin.I cannot tell you just how thrilled I am by that.Nearly one hundred thousand people are learning Mandarin in Britain.In your secondary and primary schools54 British universities teach Mandarin.7 of those universities offer Mandarin as a major subject.Then there are 13 Confucius Institutes and 54 Confucius Classrooms that have been opened.On a personal note, not long ago, I had the honour of joining His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales in the opening ceremony of a Confucius Classroom at Llandovery College in Wales.His Royal Highness said to me“Wei Er Shi Huan Ying Ni!”(Wales Welcomes You).What a wonderful example of leadership by the Prince to encourage young people to learn Mandarin!His example is very valuable.我再度前来，是要给正在学习汉语的广大英国青年鼓一把劲。语言是文化的载体，是交流的工具。希望你们通过汉语学习，了解中国五千年文明历史及深厚文化传统，了解今天的中国正在努力建设一个和谐、民主、繁荣、现代化的国家。就在上周，中国全国人民代表大会通过了“十二五”规划，这是中国未来五年发展的蓝图，其核心就是要转变经济发展方式，调整经济结构，大力发展社会事业，保障和改善民生。中国不会单纯满足于经济总量成为世界第二，而是要使所有民众充分享受发展的成果，真正实现国强和民富。你们学习汉语，了解中国，可以说正当其时，精彩无限，前途无量。

I come back to cheer on the young Britons who started learning Mandarin.Languages are the most important carriers of cultural messagesThe National People's Congress.This 'blueprint' stresses the importance of adjusting China's growth model.This means changing the economy from dependency on exports to encouraging consumption inside China.The plan will strengthen social programmesand so improve the quality of people's lives.But, growing in size and quantity is by no means China's goal.What China is after is high quality growth and a happy life for its people.The aim is for every Chinese to share in the success of development.The 'blueprint' wants China and its people to more and more “go out” into the world.All this points to very great advantages for young Britons to start learning Mandarin and begin to really understand China.我再度前来，是要给中英友谊喝一声彩。中国和英国都是两个伟大的国家，都为人类文明的发展作出了重要贡献。中国和英国都在努力促进经济增长，双方经济互补性强，合作潜力大；中国和英国都是大国，在国际事务中发挥着重要作用。今天的中英关系，是全面的关系、合作的关系、伙伴的关系。中英关系从来没有像现在这样广泛和深入，从来没有像现在这样充满发展动力和机遇。中英关系的发展需要两国人民的全力支持、参与和投入，特别是需要两国年轻人的继承和创新。你们学习汉语的过程，也是与中国接触和交流的过程，希望你们多与中国青年接触和交流。我常说，青年是国家的未来，也是中英关系的未来。希望中英两国青年通过语言和思想的交流，增进了解和理解，培植中英友谊之花，孕育中英友谊之果，为中英关系奠定更加美好的未来。

I come back to cheer for China-Uk friendship.China and the UK share much a great deal.We are both great nations who have made tremendous contributions to human civilisation.A key shared attribute is our inventiveness.A simple example is in creating revolutions in communications.China gave the world paper and printing.In turn UK used paper and printing to create another communications revolution.This was the invention of the postage stamps and low cost mail delivery.Both our countries play a major role in global affairs.Both are increasingly drawn together to promote economic development.Often our exchanges stress economics and trade.But I believe the optimal way to accelerate trade and economics is with much deeper cultural understanding.That is why this competition has such huge significance.Through building the bridge we link the young people of the world.Young people are the future and so the future of our friendship.最后，我愿用中文对今天的参赛选手说：“中国欢迎你们！”，“祝你们再次载誉而归！”

To conclude.I cannot grant magic wishes to make you all champions – but let me wish all the contestants best of luck.现在我宣布第十届“汉语桥”世界大学生中文比赛英国区预选赛正式开始！

Now please allow me to officially announce the opening of the 10th “Chinese Bridge” Competition!

_________________________________________________________ 202_寒假口译特训营——造就精英人才