第一篇:小升初英语学习知识点汇名词副词形容词
小升初英语学习知识点汇编名词,副词、形容词
关于小升初的英语知识点小汇编
名词所有格的形式和用法。
(1)名词所有格一般是词尾加′s构成,如:the boy’s bag;our teacher’s room等。如果原词已经
有复数词尾-s,则仅仅加一个(′)即可,如boys′ school等。词尾无s的复数名词则仍要加′s,如:
men’s clothes等。
(2)表示无生命东西的名词的所有格不可用词尾加(′s)或(′),而是用of 属格,如:the window
of the room等。但在表示时间、距离以及其他习惯用语中,则需用(′s)或(′)表示所有格,如:
ten minutes′ walk等。
(3)如果一样东西为两人共有,则只在后一个名词后加“'s”。
如:We visited Xiao Li and Xiao Zhang's room.我们参观了小李和小张的房间。
(4)名词的双重所有格。(本部分只出现在教师版中)
物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such,another, which等词一起修饰一个名词,而必须用双重所有格。
公式为:a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词性物主代词。
如:a friend of mine 我朋友中的一个
each brother of his 他的每个哥哥
名词
名词是人类认识事物所使用的基本词汇,它主要用来指人或各种事物具体的名称,也可以指抽象的概念。
名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、称呼语等。
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。
名词有数的变化,从名词所表示的事物的性质看,可以分为两类:可数名词,如:car汽车,army军队等
;不可数名词,如:milk牛奶,water水,love爱等。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数名词的变化有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
规则变化
构成方法 语 音 你会读吗?
在词尾加-s 1.在清辅音后读作/s/
2.在浊辅音后读作/z/ 1.desk-desks
2.dog-dogs
1.以s, x, sh, ch, z等结尾的名词之后加-es
2.如词尾为e,只加-s-(e)s读作/iz/ 1.class-classes
buzz-buzzes
2.horse-horses
page-pages
如词尾为-f或-fe,则一般变为-ves-ves读作/vz/ knife-knives
以辅音+y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es-ies读作/iz/ family-families
以元音+y结尾的名词,加-s-s读作/z/ boy-boys
以辅音+o结尾的名词,加-es-es读作/z/ tomato-tomatoes
(photo, piano除外)
以元音+o结尾的名词,加-s-s读作/z/ radio-radios
以-th结尾的名词,加-s 1.在长元音后-ths读作/ez/
2.在短元音或辅音后-ths读作/θs/ 1.bath-baths
2.month-months
不规则变化
①名词复数的特殊形式。
如:man – men woman – women foot – feet
tooth – teeth
mouse – mice child – children deer – deer
goose – geese
Asian – Asians American – Americans German – Germans
② 单复数形式相同。
如:sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese
③合成名词,只将其主体词变为复数形式。
如:girl student – girl students pencil-box – pencil-boxes
④由man和woman构成的合成词,全都变成复数。
如:man doctor – men doctors woman teacher – women teachers
不可数名词
不可数名词一般只有单数形式,没有复数形式。它不能和a或an及数词搭配使用。不可数名词表示数量可
以和some, any, little, a little, much, a piece of, a pound of, a cup of, a lot of等连用。
如:a piece of news four glasses of milk five bottles of
water
主要用法 例句
1)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词 They are teachers.他们是教师。
2)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词 Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
3)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词 Man cannot
live without water.人离开水就无法生存。
4)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词 President Bush;Professor Smith
5)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词 I can't write wijthout pen or pencil.没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。oom.形容词、副词
形容词
1.形容词定义
形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,在句中可作定语、表语、状语等成分。
如:This is a difficult problem to solve.(作定语)
The weather here is very pleasant.(作表语)
Maggie is very polite.(作表语)
2.形容词的位置
形容词在句中的位置主要指作定语时与名词的排列位置。
1)作定语一般位于名词前。
如:I often have a joyful hear.我通常都是心情愉快。
China has a peaceful environment.4
2)形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing等不
定代词时,需要置于其后。
如:I have something important to tell you all.3)多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序(本部分只出现在教师版中)
多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,其排列顺序通常如下:
限定词(包括冠词、人称代词、指示代词等)+大小+形状+性质或状态+颜色+年龄或新旧+材料或种类+来
源+名词
如:There are a few big round black new wooden French tables in the room.形容词、副词等级用法
1.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
1)比较级和最高级的构成 构成 原级 比较级 最高级
一般在词尾加-er,-est great, hard greater, harder greatest, hardest
以字母e结尾只加-r,-st nice, wide nicer, wider nicest, widest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写这一辅音字母后再加-er,-est big, hot bigger,hotter biggest, hottest
以辅音字母+y结尾的词,将y变为i再加-er,-est happy, early happier, earlier
happiest, earliest
在双音节和多音节词前加more或most difficult,difficultly more difficult,more difficultly most difficult, 5
most difficultly
2)形容词的不规则变化如下:
原级 比较级 最高级
good, well better best
bad, ill, badly worse worst
little less least
much, many more most
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
Class: Name:()1.Good morning!A.Morning!B.Hello!C.Hi!()2.Nice to see you again!.A.How are you ? B.Nice to see you , too.C.How do you do ?()3.Good night,mom!A.Night!B.Good night!C.Good evening.()4.How do you do ? A.How are you ? B.Fine,thanks.C.How do you do ?()5.How many story books do you have ? A.I have 10.B.I can see 10.C.Thirty yuan.()6.Do you have new teachers? A.Yes,we do.B.Yes,we don’t.C.Yes,we have.()7.Who’s your art teacher ? A.Mr Zhu.B.Miss Zhu.C.He’s tall.()8.What’s he like? A.He’s tall and strong.B.Yes,he is.C.Mr Zhu.()9.Is your English teacher young? A.No,she isn’t.B.Yes,she is.C.No,she is.()10.? Her name is Chen Jie.A.What’s your name ? B.What’s she name ? C.What’s her name ?()11.? I like Chinese,math and English.A.What classes do you like? B.What do you like? C.What are you like ?()12.? We have English and P.E.A.What do you have on Mondays ? B.What do you have ? C.What do you have on Monday?()13.? It’s Monday.A.What is it today ? B.What day is it today ? C.What day is today ?()14.? I watch TV and do my homework.A.What do you do ? B.What do you do in Mondays? C.What do you do on Sundays ?()15.May I have a look ? A.Sure.Here you are.B.Look!C.Here you are.()16.Our math teacher is Canada.A.from B.in C.at()17.I three new teachers.A.has B.am C.have()18.What’s Chinese teacher like ? A.you B.your C.you’re()19.My P.E.teacher is thin.A.too B.so C.very()20.There are days in a week.A.six B.seven C.eight()21.There are month(月)in a year(年).A.ten B.eleven C.twelve()22.I often watch TV Saturday.A.on B.in C.at()23.I like P.E.I don’t lime music.A.but B.and C.so()24.This is apple.It is red apple.A.a , a B.an,an C.an, a()25.What do you like ? A.classes B.class C.class’s 六年级英语测试题
Class: Name:()1.How are you ? A.Fine,thanks.B.Yes,it is.C.How are you ?()2.Nice to meet you!A.Fine,thank you.B.OK.C.Nice to meet you ,too!()3.How do you go to school ? A.I go to Canada by plane.B.I go to school by bike.C.What about you ?()4.How do you go to the USA ? A.I usually go to school by bus.B.I go to England by ship.C.I go by plane.()5.? My home is near the post office.A.Where is your home ? B.OK.C.See you then!()6.See you at 2 o’clock.A.See you then!B.The fifth floor.C.It’s easy.()7.? You can go by the No.15 bus.A.It’s not far.B.How can I get to Zhongshan Park ? C.Sure.()8.Where is the hospital? A.Next to the cinema.B.Thank you.C.You’re welcome.()9.Excuse me ,is there a cinema near here ? A.Yes,there is.B.No,it’s not far.C.It’s near the post office.()10.? ? It’s near the post office.A.Yes,there is.B.No,it’s not far.C.Where is the library?()11.? It’s next to the hospital.A.Where is the cinema ,please ? B.Is it far ? C.Go straight.()12.How can I get to the hospital ? A.It’s next to the hospital.B.You can go by the No.201 bus.C.Thank you.()13.Thank you.A.Thank you.B.OK.C.You’re welcome.()14.How can I get to the museum? A.Go straight.Then turn left.B.Thank you.C.It’s east of the cinema.()15.Where is the post office ? A.Go straight.Then turn left.B.Thank you.C.It’s east of the cinema.()16.What are you going to do this evening ? A.I’m going to the cinema.B.I go to school on foot.C.Yes,it is.9()17.Is it far ? A.No,it is.B.Yes , it is.C.Yes,it isn’t.()18.do you go to school ? A.What B.Where C.How()19.I go to school bike.A.on B.by C.get()20.Can I go foot ? A.by B.at C.on()21.How can I to the post office ? A.near B.get C.for()22.me.A.Excuse B.How C.next()23.birthday to you!A.After B.Happy C.First()24.The hospital is the left.A.at B.in C.on()25.is the bookstore ? A.Where B.How C.When 四年级英语测试题
Class: Name:()1.Good afternoon!
A.Hello!B.Hi!C.Afternoon!()2.Nice to see you again!
A.How are you ? B.Hello!C.Nice to see you , too.()3.Good night,moom!
A.Good evening!B.Good night!C.Night!()4.How are you ?
A.Fine,thank you.B.I am 10.C.Nine.()5.How do you do ? A.Fine ,Thank you.B.How are you ? C.How do you do ?()6.How old are you ?
A.How are you ? B.I am 11.C.I have 11.()7.? I have 23.A.How many books do you have ? B.How many books can you see? C.How many book do you have ?()8.? I can see 6.A.How many lights do you have ? B.How many lights can you see ? C.How many light can you see ?()9.May I have a look ?
A.Sure.Here you are.B.Look!C.Sure.Here are you.()10.? 50 yuan.A.How much is this schoolbag ? B.How many is this schoolbag ? C.How much are this schoolbag ?()11.Where’s my seat ?
A.It’s near the door.B.It’s on the door.C.It’s under the door.()12.Let’s clean the desks and chairs.A.All right!B.Hello!C.It’s nice.()13.What’s this ?
A.There is a board.B.It’s a bee.C.It’s bee.()14.? My name is Mike.A.Here are you ? B.What’s your name ? C.How do you do ?()15.Who’s the inventor of paper ? A.Chinese people.B.Oh!Great!C.Hello!()16.I a student.You a teacher.A.am ,am B.are, are C.am, are
()17.This a boy.His name Zhang Peng.A.is, is B.am , is C.is , are()18.Let clean the fish bowl.A.I B.me C.my
()19.This is apple.It is red apple.A.an ,an B.a, a C.an, a()20.We a new classroom.A.are B.have C.has()21.There a bee in our classroom.A.is B.are C.am()22.have a new schoolbag.schoolbag is heavy.A.I , my B.I ,My C.My , I
()23.Put your English book your head.A.at B.in C.on
()24.There many books in the desk.A.am B.is C.are
()25.How many do you have ? A.pencil B.pencils C.pencils.三年级英语测试题
Class: Name:()1.当向别人打招呼时,应该说: A.Hello.B.Good morning.()2.How are you ? 的正确答语是: A.name B.I’m fine,thank you.()3.当想知道别人的名字时,应该说: A.What’s your name ? B.See you.()4.字母K的小写是: A.k B.()5.Nice to meet you 的意思是: A.见到你很高兴。B.你好吗?()6.向别人告别时,应该说: A.Good bye!B.Hi.()7.Jenny is a A.boy B.girl()8.Li Ming is a A.boy B.girl()9.Jenny lives in A.Canada.B.China.()10.字母P的大写是: A.P B.q()11.当向别人说谢谢时,应该说: A.Nice to meet you.B.See you later.()12.早上好的正确答语是:
A.Good morning.B.See you later.’()13.What’s this ? It’s a A.desk B.book()14.This is a A.teacher B.Danny
()15.This is a boy.What’s name ? A.his B.her
第二篇:冠词、名词。代词、形容词、副词、介词的知识点
冠词
不定冠词的用法及语法说明 1.用 a 还是用an:
一般说来,在辅音或半元音开头的词前用a, 而在元音开头的词前用an。注意:
有些以元音字母开头的单词,由于第一个音不是元音而是辅音,其前仍用a而不用an:
a one-eyed man 一个独眼人
a European country 一个欧洲国家
2.单数可数名词若泛指,其前需加 a,an, 不要从汉语习惯出发,漏掉此不定冠词:
He is a famous film star.他是著名影星。
3.专有名词转化为普通名词,其前可用 a(an),表示某某人或某某人的一部作品、艺术品等:
a Mr Smith 一位名叫史密斯先生的人
4.物质名词转化为普通名词,其前可以使用 a(an),有时表示相应产品或种类,有时表示数量关系: a good wine 一种好酒
5.在序数词之前使用a(an),可以表示数量或序数的增加: Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了一架飞机。6.与形容词的最高级连用,表示“非常”、“很”等:
This is a almost interesting story.这是一个非常有趣的故事。
7.用于修饰名词的定语前,表示某种状态。此时的不定冠词含有类似 a kind of 的意思:
climate 气候→a mild climate 温和的气候
have breakfast 吃早餐→have a quick breakfast吃快餐
8.不定冠词a(an)与数词 one 都可表示“一”,但是两者有差别: 不定冠词 a(an)表示“类别”概念,而数词 one 表示“数量”概念
9.两个单数可数名词连用表示一个整体时,只用一个冠词: He is a teacher and poet.他既是老师又是诗人。
10.与副词 quite / rather 连用时,a(an)一般要后置,但若其后的名词前有形容词修饰,则 a(an)放在 quite rather 之前或之后均可以:
He is rather a fool.他是个大傻瓜。
It is quite a good book.那是本很好的书。It is a quite good book.那是本很好的书。
11.当 too, so, as, how 等词之后接有“形容词+单数可数名词”时,不定冠词 a(an)应放在形容词和单数可数名词之间 It is too difficult a book for us beginners.She is as good a cook as her mother.12.不定冠词可用来表示“类属”,这是其基本用法,它表明的是某一类属中的每一个人和东西都能说明该类属的整体情况。此时也可用定冠词或名词复数形式来表示。
正:A horse is a useful animal.正:Horses are useful animals. 定冠词的主要用法归纳
1.表示特指:特指某(些)人或某(些)物(包括用于上文提到过的人或物之前,以及说话双方都知道的人或物)。如:
We have a cat and two dogs.The cat is black and the dogs are white.2.表示独一无二:用在世界上“独一无二”的事物的名词前。如: The earth goes round the sun.3.用于最高级前:即用于形容词或副词的最高级前。Who picked the most apples? Of the four of us, I sang the worst.4.用于序数词或方位词之前。He was the first man to think of it.Italy is in the south of Europe.5.用于乐器名词前:表示相应乐器的演奏。如: Besides the violin, he plays the piano and the flute.。
6.表示人体部位:用于某些介词短语中指身体的某个部位。如: He patted me on the back.。
7.用于表示一家人:用于在姓氏的复数形式之前表示一家人或夫妇二人。如: The Smiths live in the apartment above ours.8.用于江河湖海等前:用于江河湖海、山脉群岛、海湾海峡等地理名词前。如: The Yellow River flows into the Yellow Sea.9.用于某些含有普通名词的专有名词前:用于某些国名、组织机构、建筑物、报纸杂志、会议条约等含有普通名词与其他词构成的专有名词。如: We visited the Great Wall yesterday.定冠词的五种特指&类别用法 一,定冠词的五种特指
(1)特指前面已提到的人或物:
Look!A car has stopped there.The car is beautiful.(2)特指说话双方都知道或能体会到的人或物: Why not ask the teacher? Pass me the dictionary, please.(3)用于带后置定语的名词前,表示特定的人或物: I like the magazine on the desk.The supper her mother cooked was delicious.。
(4)用于比较级前,特指两个被比较对象中的一个: Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting.(5)用于加强特指含义,意为“正好是”、“刚好是”等(此时的定冠词需重读)This is the word to be used here.。二,定冠词的类别用法
(1).与单数可数名词连用表类别。
The cobra is dangerous.眼镜蛇是危险的。
定冠词和不定冠词与单数可数名词连用都可表示“类别”,有时可互换(此时用复数形式也是可能的):
A horse is a useful animal./ The horse is a useful animal./ Horses are useful animals.【注】不定冠词表示类别时往往强调的是个体,主要起泛指作用,具有类似any的含义,如说A tiger can be dangerous(老虎是危险的),其意是指任何一只老虎都是危险的。但是,若要表示某个类属的整体,即概括某个类属的所有成员,则不能用不定冠词,而用定冠词,如以下两例中的定冠词就不能换成不定冠词(但可用复数): The tiger is [Tigers are] in danger of becoming extinct.The motor car has [Motor cars have] become very popular.。
另一方面,尽管可以用定冠词加单数可数名词来表示某一类人或物,但在很多情况下这种用法会让人造成误解或含义不清。如说Atiger can be dangerous(老虎是危险的),其意是清楚的,若说成The tiger can be dangerous,则可能有歧义,即可理解为“老虎是危险的”或“这只老虎是危险的”。
概括地说,当要泛指某类人或物中的任何一个时,通常用不定冠词,若不产生歧义或误解,也可用定冠词;但是,当要概括某个类属的整体时,则只能用定冠词,不能用不定冠词。
(2).与某些形容词连用表示类别 ① 与表示特征、特性、品质等方面的形容词连用: He set up a school for the deaf and the dumb.Those of us who are sighted don’t understand the problems of the blind.【注】这类用法往往具有复数意义:
The rich are not always happier than the poor.The old are more likely to catch cold than the young.但若表抽象概念,则表单数意义:
The beautiful is not always the same as the good.② 与某些过去分词转化来的形容词连用: Times are hard for the unemployed.Many of the wounded died on their way to hospital.③ 与某些表国籍的形容词连用:
The French are famous for their cooking.法国人以善烹调著称。④与某些形容词连用表示抽象概念
One must learn to take the bad with the good.人必须学会好坏都能承受。【注】:“the+形容词”的语法特征 ①复数性:“the+形容词”表示一类具有某种特征或特性的人时,通常表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语要用复数。如:
The injured were carried away on stretchers.用担架把受伤的人抬走了。
The old are more likely to catch cold than the young.老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。②单数性:“the+形容词”若表示抽象概念,则表示单数意义,用作主语时,谓语要用单数如:
The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.③单复性:有个别的“the+形容词”结构既表示单数意义,也表示复数意义,若用作主语,谓语动词用单数还是复数需视情况而定。如:the good 指“好人”时表复数意
义,指“善”时表单数意义;the accused 指一名被告时表单数意义,指多名被告时表复数意义。比较:
The accused was acquitted of the charge.被告被宣告无罪。(指一人)The accused were acquitted of the charge.被告均被宣告无罪。(指多人)④习惯性:有的表达带有一定的习惯性,如“病人”习惯说成 the sick,而不说 the ill;这类结构习惯上不用于-’s 所有格形式,若语义需要,可考虑用 of 所有格。如: 正:He is interested in the problems of the poor.他对穷人的问题感兴趣。 零冠词的用法: 1 专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前 Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air 名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one./ Whose purse is this? 季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring 4 表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前 Lincoln was made President of America.5 学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前 He likes playing football/chess.6 与by连用表示交通工具的名词前 by train, by air, by land 以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night 表示泛指的复数名词前 Horses are useful animals.名词
名词
名词的种类:
专有名词 普通名词 国名.地名.人名,团体.机构名称可数名词 不可数名词
个体名词 集体名词 抽象名词 物质名词 名词的数:
一、规则名词的复数形式:
名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下:1 一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f和-fe为v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves,加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, 5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词,或专有名词以y结尾的,加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, 6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词 一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes,不少外来词加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos 两者皆可 zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos 8 以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,二、不规则名词复数:
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下: 改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 单复数相同 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 只有复数形式 ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents 4 一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police, cattle, staff 5 部分集体名词既可以作单数(整体)也可以作复数(成员)audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party 复数形式表示特别含义 customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)表示“某国人” 加-s Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans 单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women Englishmen, Frenchwomen 合成名词 将主体名词变为复数 sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends 无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数 grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
将两部分变为复数 women singers, men servants 名词的所有格:
名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种:一是名词词尾加’s构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。
1.’s所有格的构成:
单数名词在末尾加’s the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo, 复数名词 一般在末尾加’ the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother, 不规则复数名词后加’s the children’s toys, women’s rights,以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’ Dickens’ novels, Charles’s job, the Smiths’ house 表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes
表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s Japan and America’s problems, 表示"某人家""店铺",所有格后名词省略 the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s 2.’s所有格的用法:
1 表示时间 today’s newspaper, five weeks’ holiday ○2 表示自然现象 the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches ○3 表示国家城市等地方的名词 the country’s plan, the world’s population, China’s ○industry 表示工作群体 the ship’s crew, majority’s view, the team’s victory
○5 表示度量衡及价值 a mile’s journey, five dollars’ worth of apples ○6 与人类活动有特殊关系的名词 the life’s time, the play’s plot ○7 某些固定词组 a bird’s eye view, a stone’s throw, at one’s wit’s end(不知所措)○ 5
3.of所有格的用法:
用于无生命的东西:the legs of the chair, the cover of the book 用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时:the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词:the struggle of the oppressed 代词:
一、代词可以分为以下七大类: 人称代词 主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 宾格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 物主代词 形容词性 my, your, his, her, its, our, their 名词性 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 4 指示代词 this, that, these, those, such, some 疑问代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever 6 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as 不定代词 one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little,other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either
二、不定代词用法注意点: 1.one, some与any: 1)one可以泛指任何人,也可特指,复数为ones。some多用于肯定句,any多用于疑问句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.I have some questions to ask.2)some可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议,请求等。
Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money? 3)some 和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个。I have read this article in some magazine.Please correct the mistakes, if any.4)some和数词连用表示“大约”,any可与比较级连用表示程度。
There are some 3,000 students in this school.Do you feel any better today? 2.each和every: each强调个别,代表的数可以是两个或两个以上,而every强调整体,所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary./ Each(of us)has a dictionary./ We each have a dictionary.Every student has strong and weak points./ Every one of us has strong and weak points.3.none和no:
no等于not any,作定语。none作主语或宾语,代替不可数名词,谓语用单数,代替可数名词,谓语单复数皆可以。There is no water in the bottle.How much water is there in the bottle? None.None of the students are(is)afraid of difficulties.4.other和another:
1)other泛指“另外的,别的”常与其他词连用,如:the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way,the other特指两者中的另外一个,复数为the others。如: He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.2)another指“又一个,另一个”无所指,复数形式是others,泛指“别的人或事”如: I don’t like this shirt, please show me another(one).The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.Some like football, while others like basketball.5.all和both, neither和either all表示不可数名词时,其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定,全部否定用neither和none.All of the books are not written in English./ Not all of the books are written in English.Both of us are not teachers./ Not both of us are teachers./ Either of us is a teacher.形容词和副词
I.形容词:
1.形容词的位置:
1)形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置: 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 nobody absent, everything possible 以-able,-ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake 4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long 5 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful 6 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with 2)复合形容词的构成: 形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 6 名词+形容词 world-famous 2 形容词+形容词 dark-blue 7 名词+现在分词 peace-loving 形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 8 名词+过去分词 snow-covered 4 副词+现在分词 hard-working 9 数词+名词+ed three-egged 5 副词+过去分词 newly-built 10 数词+名词 twenty-year II.副词
副词的分类: 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 5 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑问副词 how, where, when, why 3 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 7 连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 关系副词 when, where, why III.形容词和副词比较等级:
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级,比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
1.同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如:I am not so good a player as you are.2.可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。
3.表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如:The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4.用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如:I have never spent a more worrying day.5.表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.6.表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。
介词
I.介词分类: 简单介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 合成介词 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without 3 短语介词 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 4 双重介词 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 5 分词转化成的介词 considering(就而论), including 6 形容词转化成的介词 like, unlike, near, next, opposite II.常用介词区别: 表示时间的in, on, at at表示片刻的时间,in表示一段的时间,on总是与日子有关表示时间的since, from since 指从过去到现在的一段时间,和完成时连用,from指从时间的某一点开始 表示时间的in, after in指在一段时间之后,after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中 表示地理位置的in, on, to in表示在某范围内,on指与什么毗邻,to指在某环境范围之外 表示“在…上”的on, in on只表示在某物的表面上,in表示占去某物一部分 表示“穿过”的through, across through表示从内部通过,与in有关,across表示在表面上通过,与on有关 表示“关于”的about, on about指涉及到,on指专门论述 between与among的区别 between表示在两者之间,among用于三者或三者以上的中间 besides与except的区别 besides指“除了…还有再加上”,except指“除了,减去什么”,不放在句首 表示“用”的in, with with表示具体的工具,in表示材料,方式,方法,度量,单位,语言,声音 as与like的区别 as意为“作为,以…地位或身份”,like为“象…一样”,指情形相似in与into区别 in通常表示位置(静态),into表示动向,不表示目的地或位置
第三篇:小升初英语形容词副词总复习练习题
一、将下列形容词变为副词。
例:quiet----quietly
1.hopeful_________ 2.careless________ 3.healthy ________4.busy ________ 5.fast ________ 6.active________
二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式
1.My brother is two years _______(old)than me.2.Tom is as ______(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister _______(young)than you? Yes,she is.4.Who is ________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5.Whose pencil-box is _______(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6.Mary’s hair is as _______(long)as Lucy’s.7.Ben ______(jump)_______(high)than some of the boys in his class.8.______ Nancy sing ________(well)than Helen? Yes, she _____.9.Fangfang is not as _______(tall)as the other girls.10.My eyes are ________(big)than ______(she)。.11.Which is _______(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _______(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early)than the boys?No,they______.14.Jim runs _____(slow)。But Ben runs _____(slow)。
15.The child doesn’t_____(write)as ____(fast)as the students.三、翻译句子
1、谁比Jim年纪大?
______ is ______than Jim?
2、谁比David更强壮?是Gao Shan._____ ______ than David? Gao Shan ______.3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。
______ pencil is _______,______or______?______is,I think.4、谁的苹果更重,你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的? 我的弟弟的。
_______ apples ______ ______,your _____ or your _____? My ______ _____.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗?是的。
______ ______as _______as your uncle?Yes,I am.6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。
He _____ as ______ as _____ _____ Jim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗?不,她比他瘦。
______ _______ as _______ as_____ twin ______? No, _______ _______ than him.8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
Yang Ling ______ to _____ ______ than Su Yang every day.9.我跳得和Mike一样远。
I _______ as _____ as Mike.10.Tom比你跑得快吗?不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____ _____ than you?No,he ______.He_____ as_____ as_____.11.多做运动,你会更强壮。
______ more exercise,you’ll ______ _______ soon.12.我的科学很好,但是语文不好。
I _____ ______ at Science.But I don’t ______ well in Chinese.四、将单词重新排序。构成有意义地词组。
1.fat,the,cat,white
________________________________
2.Olympics,green,a,great
________________________________
3.expensive,that,jacket,brown
________________________________
4.an,book.,interesting,thick
________________________________
5.round,three,plates,yellow
________________________________
五、选词填空
1.My sister is getting _____.A.fater and fater B.fatter and fatterC.more fatter and fatter D.more and more fatter
2.They are ________to us than before.A.friend B.friendly C.more friendlyD.friendier
3.Jack is the ______ boy ________our class.A.tallest.in B.taller.in C.most tall.ofD.more tall.of
4.It is not _______ warm _________ yesterday.Put on more clothes.A.so.on B.so.in C.as.atD.as.as
5.Hamgzhou is one of ____cities I have visited.A.beautiful B.beauitifulierC.more beautiful D.the most beautiful
6.Both Andy and I drive slowly.Tom drives fast.So Tom drives ________of all.A.slower B.the slowest C.fasterD.the fastest
7.My sister is a ____________ girl.A.good B.well C.very
8.一 Is it your toy taxi?一 No.___________ it’s his.A.May be B.May C.Maybe
9.______ are you?— I’m ______, thank you.A.What;good B.How;fine C.What;fineD.How;good
10.一Can you help me?— ___________.A.Yes B.Excuse me C.CertainlyD.How
11.The grass around my house is Very________.A.black B.blue C.green
12.The sky is ________.The c1oud is _________.A.blue;red B.red;brown C.blue;white
13.The child is __________ kind.A.much B.very much C.very
14.一Could I use your pen,please? — __________.A.No B.Certainly C.Excuse me
15.I _________ go to School at 8:00 a.m.A.very B.much C.often
16.I have an _________ doll.A.old beautiful B.beautiful o1d C.small old
17.They ______ clothes.A.is B.am C.are
18.The tall boy _________ playing basketball.A.am B.is C.are
19.Mr Wang is a _________ teacher.A.tall old English B.English old tall C.old tall English
20.Oranges are _________
A.purple B.blue C.orange
第四篇:英语写作常用副词形容词
副词
常用的:
actually 实际上;真实地 [ Actually, it bores me stiff.] totally 完全地 [ I totally agree.我完全同意。] eventually最后 [ so that amazing progress eventually occurs in short periods.] recently 最近[ has recently come into fashion ] absolutely [是, 当然是;正是如此 Do you think so? Absolutely.你是这样想吗? 当然是。] largely 很大程度上,大部分 [largely depend on.....] basically 基本上
currently 现在,当前,普遍地,通常地 probably 大概,或许
surely 确切地 [i'd surely be a hippie child] personally 就自已而言,亲自地 seriously 严肃地, 认真地, 严重地
表时间:
eventually最后终于 from this time/from now 从此今后 shortly立刻不久presently目前不久, lately近来的, 表频率:
constantly不断地经常地 frequently经常地, occasionally 偶尔地, seldom 很少不常, rarely 很少地, 表逻辑:
accordingly 相应地
likewise 同样地照样,* The food was excellent,(and)likewise the wine.菜好极了, 酒也是.accordingly 因此, merely 只不过仅仅 merely a flesh wound.仅仅是皮肉伤 furthermore, moreover, besides regardless 无论如何 continues to work regardless.不顾后果地继续工作 表语气:
actually, undoubtedly ,absolutely normally, generally, naturally, necessarily 必要地, similarly 类似地同样地 simply 简单地
inpidually 个别地 * speak to each member of a group inpidually 对组里每个人逐个地说.separately 个别地单独地 表程度:
mainly,大部分地,主要地
mostly大部分,主要地,多半
Increasingly日益,越来越多地,不断增加地 形容词
beautiful(漂亮的)nice(美好的)free(空闲的)lazy(懒的)bored(无聊的)heavy(重的)light(轻的)blind(盲的)
special(特别的)kind(善良的)different(不同的)same(同样的)round(圆的)great(伟大的)
描写:
active 主动的,活跃的(torpidity,active的反义词)adaptable 适应性强的(inadaptable,adaptable的反义词)adroit 灵巧的,机敏的(clumsy,adroit的反义词)
aggressive 有进取心的(ingressive,aggressive的反义词)ambitious 有雄心壮志的 amiable 和蔼可亲的 analytical 善于分析的
capable 有能力的,有才能的
careful 办事仔细的(careless,careful的反义词)confident 有信心的(diffident,confident的反义词)considerate 体贴的 constructive 建设性的 cooperative 有合作精神的 creative 富创造力的 cute 可爱的
dedicated 有奉献精神的 devoted 有献身精神的 dependable 可靠的
well-educated 受过良好教育的 efficient 有效率的 energetic 精力充沛的 enthusiastic 充满热情的 expressive 善于表达 faithful 守信的,忠诚的 forceful(性格)坚强的 frank 直率的,真诚的 friendly 友好的 frugal 俭朴的 good 好的
generous 宽宏大量的 gentle 有礼貌的 handsome 英俊的 hard-working 勤劳的 hearty 精神饱满的 honest 诚实的 humorous 幽默的
independent 有主见的 intellective 有智力的 intelligent 理解力强的
inventive 有发明才能的,有创造力的 learned 精通某门学问的 modest 谦虚的
motivated 目的明确的 negative 消极的 objective 客观的 orderly 守纪律的 original 有独创性的 practical 实际的 precise 一丝不苟的 positive 积极的
punctual 严守时刻的 qualified 合格的 realistic 实事求是的 reasonable 讲道理的 reliable 可信赖的 responsible 负责的 self-conscious 自觉的 selfish 自私的 selfless 无私的 sincere 真诚的 smart 精明的 steady 踏实的
straightforward 老实的 strict 严格的 stupid 愚蠢的 ugly 丑陋的 1.至于我,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点,我认为……
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.I think that ____.4.就我个人而言,我相信……,因此,我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
Personally, I believe that_____.Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.7.对我来说,我认为有必要……原因如下:第一,……; 第二,……;最后……但同样重要的是……
In my opinion, I think it necessary to____.The reasons are as follows.First _____.Second ______.Last but not least,______.9.综上所述,我们可以清楚地得出结论……
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.1.相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相信……,而且,他们认为……
On the contrary,there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time,they say____.2.但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……最糟糕的是……
But I don”t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example,____.Worst of all,___.14.However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is… 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面,即 …
第五篇:副词和形容词
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副词和形容词
形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为: 地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。
一、形容词和副词的基本用法 【翻译句子】
(1)这是一座美丽的公园。
It's a beautiful park.(2)这个动物园既生动又有趣。The zoo is both moving and interesting.(3)谁把窗开着的?
Who left the window open? 【结论1】形容词在句中一般作定语(修饰名词)、表语、补语。【完成例句】
(4)你是完全对的。
You are completely right.(5)他昨晚很晚才睡觉。
He went to bed late last night.(6)幸运的是,我没有被撞倒。
Luckily, I was not knocked down.精心收集
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【结论2】副词在句中主要作状语,用来修饰形容词、副词、动词和句子。【疑难】
He finally came back, safe and sound.【疑难剖析】形容词若作状语,表示主语所处的状态。
二、形容词的位置 【完成例句】
(7)今天的报纸没有什么新的东西。There is nothing new in today's newspaper.(8)人民,只有人民,才是创造历史的动力。
The people, and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history.(9)你还知道别的什么? What else do you know?(10)你认识那个肩上扛一袋米的人吗?
Do you know the man carrying a bag full of rice on his back? 【结论】单个形容词作前置定语,但在下列情况作后置定语:
形容词修饰不定代词时;当表语形容词alone, awake, alive, asleep, alike等作定语时;else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语;形容词构成短语时作后置定语。3.多个形容词排序: 【完成例句】
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(11)大厅里有一张大的圆会议桌。
There is a big round conference table in the hall.(12)她丢了一只小的闪亮的黑色皮包。
She lost a small shiny black leather handbag.(13)我想买一辆蓝色德国赛车。
I wanted a blue German sports car.【结论】常见形容词顺序归纳为口诀如下:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄与新老,颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。即:限定词(冠词、代词、数词等)+ 描绘性形容词(beautiful、interesting…)+大小、长短、高低形容词+形状、年龄、新旧形容词+颜色、国籍、出处、材料形容词+用途、类别形容词+ 中心名词。可以简单地记为:“县官行令宴国才。”
三、副词的用法 1.副词的种类
时间副词 now, today, recently, late, soon, yet等。频率副词 often, always, usually, seldom, frequently等。
地点、方向副词 away, abroad, anywhere, downstairs, home, here, there等。
方式副词 clearly, carefully, alone, high, quickly等。
程度副词 almost, a little, much, very, rather, quite, fairly, deeply等。疑问连接副词 when, where, why, how等。
否定副词 not, hardly, scarcely, rarely, never等。
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其他副词 even, also, only, too, perhaps等。2.副词的位置 【完成例句】
(14)这本书是很有趣的。This book is quite interesting.(15)这男孩已够大,可以上学了。
【结论1】 The boy is old enough to go to school.副词修饰形容词和副词时,应放在被修饰的词之前,但enough, nearby必须置于其后。【完成例句】
(16)他总是乐于助人。
He is always ready to help others.(17)我永远也忘不了那天。
I will never forget that day.【结论2】频率副词(always, often, usually, never, seldom, hardly, sometimes等)要放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。【完成例句】
(18)幸运的是,他没有被淹死而是被解放军救了起来。
Fortunately, he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA men.(19)对她来说,她的继母对她很慈善。
Happily for her, her stepmother was kind to her.【结论3】修饰全句的副词多置于句首,作评注性状语。
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【疑难1】
分清常用同义与近义形容词、副词在表达中的语义差别。He planted this tree three years ago.Have you seen the movie before?
He is good at singing, but doesn't feel well today.【疑难剖析1】 ago、before: ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”;before指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用 ago。
good、well:与good不同的是,well作形容词,只能在系动词后作表语,表示“身体状况好”,也作副词修饰动词。
real、true:形容词,表“真的”。real强调真实存在的而不是幻想的,在句中常作定语;true指与事实标准和实际情况相符合,在句中作表语或定语。【疑难2】词性辨析 He was very friendly.He jumped high in the game and we all thought highly of him.The thunder was very frightening, so the little girl was very frightened.【疑难剖析2】
(1)下列单词以“-ly”结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。
(2)表原义(无“-ly”)和引申义(有“-ly”)的副词:close近,closely 仔细地; late晚,lately最近;deep深,表示空间深度,deeply
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时常表示感情上的深度,深深地;wide表示空间宽度,widely广泛地;free免费,freely 无限制地。
有无“-ly”意义大不相同的副词:dead完全,绝对;be dead asleep;deadly非常;be deadly tired。
pretty相当,be pretty certain that…,pretty good;prettily漂亮地,be prettily dressed;most 最,mostly主要地;绝大多数。
(3)注意某些分词转化而来的形容词。表示情感类的过去分词表示心理状态,而现在分词则表示性质,令人……
这类词常见的有: exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的 disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的
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satisfied感到满意的 surprising令人惊异的 surprised感到惊异的 worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的
四、比较句型
1.原级句型:A与B 相同 / 不同:as…as…,the same as, such…as…,not as(so)…as… 【翻译句子】
(20)我几乎和你年龄一样大。
I am almost as old as you.【结论1】as…as 之间一定要用形容词或副词原形。“as…as”可用almost, quite, just, about, nearly, twice, by no means(根本)修饰,置于“as…as”之前。【翻译句子】
(21)约翰不像杰克那样聪明。John is not as / so clever as Jack.【结论2】so用以替代第一个as时,只能用于否定句。【完成例句】
(22)鲍伯和玛丽读了一样多的书。Bob has read as many books as Mary.(23)这瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一样多。
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There is as much water in this bottle as in that bottle.【结论3】as much+不可数名词+as,而as many+可数名词复数+as。
【完成例句】
(24)德语和英语一样也是一门难的语言。German is as difficult a language as English.(25)面包是和米饭一样重要的食物。Bread is as important food as rice.【结论4】as+adj.+不定冠词+可数名词单数+as;as+adj.+不可数名词+as。
2.比较级+than的句型 【完成例句】
(26)她唱得比别人好得多。
She sings far / much better than the others.【结论1】比较级前可用much, far, a lot, a little, a bit, rather, even, still, a great deal等表示程度,但比较级前不能再用more。【完成例句】
(27)他比班里其他同学学习刻苦。
He studies harder than any other student in his class.【结论2】表示不同程度比较时,句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内。他本身也是学生,不能用any students来表示比较对象的范围。
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【完成例句】
(28)汤姆的自行车比吉姆的贵。
Tom's bike is more expensive than Jim's(=Jim's bike).(29)北京的天气比上海冷。(that指代天气)The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.【结论3】比较的对象要一致,一般说来同等的两个事物才能比较。【翻译句子】(30)两人中他高一点。Heis the taller of the two.【结论4】比较级范围是由of 引出两者之间的比较,比较级前要用定冠词。【完成例句】
(31)父母之爱,是世间最伟大的爱。
There is no greater love than that given by parents in the world.【结论5】比较级用于否定句中表示最高级的意思。3.最高级句型(只用于三者或以上的比较)【完成例句】
(32)它们是世界上最大的动物。
They're the biggest animals in the world.【结论1】形容词最高级要加the。【完成例句】
(33)He is a brightest student.精心收集
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他是一个非常聪明的学生。
【结论2】如不表示比较,也没有表示比较范围的状语,最高级前用a 时,作“十分”、“非常”解。【翻译句子】
(34)他是班里第二高的男生。He is the second tallest boy in our class.【结论3】最高级可用by far, easily, nearly, by no means,序数词等修饰,置于最高级之前。
4.倍数表达法的句式 【例句观察】
(1)我们的新房子是旧房子的3倍大。
Our new house was three times as large as the old one.=Our new house was twice larger than the old one.=Our new house was three times the size of the old one.(2)2005年的汽车产量是2002年的产量的6倍。The output of cars in 2005 is 6 times that of 2002.=The output of cars in 2005 is 6 times what it was in 2002.【结论4】倍数表达法主要有以下5种:(1)…倍数+as+原级+as…(2)…倍数+比较级+than…
(3)…倍数+the size / length / weight / height of…(4)…倍数+that of…
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(5)…倍数+what…
【特别提醒】表示倍数的词始终在前面。
5.一些固定习惯用语与句型。
【句型1】 “the+比较级…,the+比较级…”结构,意为“越……,越……”。
The higher the temperature(is),the greater is the pressure(=the greater the pressure is).
温度越高,压力就越大。
【句型2】 “比较级+and+比较级”结构,意为“越来越……”,表示程度逐渐增长。
Our life is getting better and better.我们的生活越来越好。【句型3】常见的比喻结构有:
as free as a bird, as hungry as a wolf, as strong as a horse, as clever as a fox, as busy as a bee…
【句型4】 as long as 只要,有……之久; as far as 到……地点,就……而言;as high as 高达……程度; as well as 既……又; as good as 几乎
【句型5】
A is to B what C is to D.A和B 的关系就像C和D的关系。Air is to man what water is to fish.精心收集
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空气和人类的关系就像水和鱼的关系。【疑难1】
That little girl is more tired than hungry.那个小女孩是累了而不是饿了(与其说那小女孩饿了,还不如说她累了)。【疑难剖析】
1)more…than…是……而不是……,与其说是……不如说是…… 2)no more than = only 只不过(言其少)not more than= at most不多于,至少(指事实)no more…than…和……一样不…… not more…than…不比……更……
no less than = as much as和……一样多…… no fewer than = as many as和……一样多
【疑难2】
You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.【疑难剖析2】can't be too+adj.= can't be +adj.+ enough 无论……都不为过
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