下载文档第一篇：雅思小作文教案
新航道胡敏雅思图表写作表达集粹
Ⅰ.Introduction(Paraphrase the Words on the Graphic Material)
* Pattern One(Without the Summary of the Trend)
1.This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between Florida, a state of the United States, and the United States as a whole in four aspects, namely, registered engineers, the civilian labor force, manufacturing employment and hi-tech employment, from 1978 to 1987.2.There were many significant changes in modes of transport used by city dwellers from 1950 to 1990.The following paragraphs will identify and discuss the trends in the accompanying graph.3.The chart below displays the average earnings per week, in pounds sterling, of people of different levels of education living in the UK between the years 1965 and 1995.4.The chart indicates the subjects studied by university students in Australia during the latter of last century.5.The chart shows the number of road accidents in Britain over a period of six years.6.The line graph reveals the amount of fast food consumed by Australian teenagers over a 25-year period between 1975 and 202_.7.The bar chart illustrates the percentage of employees in different occupations absent from work in a given week in 202_.8.Indicators of economic and social conditions in four countries, Canada, Japan, Peru and Zaire, in 1994, compiled by the UN, reflect the great differences that exist between wealthier and poorer nations.* Pattern Two(With the Summary of the Trend)
9.The graph compares the rate of smoking in men and women in Erewhon between the years 1960 and 1995.It can be clearly seen that the rate of smoking for both men and women is currently declining and that fewer women have smoked throughout the period.10.The graphs compare the number of deaths caused by six diseases in Erewhom in 1990 with the amount of research funding allocated to each of those diseases.It can be clearly seen that the amount of research funding in many cases did not correlate with the seriousness of the disease in terms of numbers of deaths.11.The three graphs provide an overview of the types of music people purchase in the UK.At first glance, we see that classical music is far less popular than pop or rock music.流程图常用句型
1.描述过程，流程常用句子
the following diagraph shows the structure of……
it mainly consists of…… it works as follows.it always involves following steps.the whole procedure can be pided into…stages.2.描述流程，过程的常用过渡性词语
secondly thirdly/finally the first step is to the next step is to the last step is to-in the next stage in the following stage in the last stage first of all to begin with next later
at the same time simultaneously subsequently consequently before this during after this
in the course of
in order to/in order not to in order that
so as to/so as not to 描述流程的文章，应说明：
1． 首先说明是做什么工作的过程，目的是什么
2． 准备工作
3． 按时间/过程先后描述
4． 结果
5． 简单总结（可有可无）
描述一个实物/器具的工作过程，文章应分以下几点：
1． 实物是什么，做什么用的2． 基本结构
3． 工作过程
4． 简单总结
雅思考试学习策略笔记
应试原则：
一、LISTENING：
1。（5-6分）：反复听，模仿，换角度欣赏---口语材料，注意音标，边听边写;2。（7分）：用研究的眼光：
（1）从口语的角度研究，在听的时候，作下观察笔记--就地点、人物、话题、用了什么样的词汇、使用了什么样的句子；（2）对话的考点和题眼。
3。（8分）：IELTS 听力理解（10套题）及初级，中级听力教材
二、READING 1。词汇：突破记忆（7000词汇左右）
滚动式记忆法：每天只记忆固定的半个小时，反复记忆很多次（7次为佳），第二天，首先回忆一次前一天记的，每周最后一天，不记新单词，只需重复会议一个星期记过的所有单词。巩固加深印象。
2。复杂句子结构：（一般2遍仍看不懂的，为复杂句子，归纳有40--200个复杂句）
***语法--非谓语动词，不定式，vn,v-ing,v-p）--复合句（各类从句）
建议参考 张道真 和 薄冰 的语法书
三、WRITING：考察书面英语的表达能力 有两大误区：（1）ideas ,ideas ,ideas（2）用简单的词汇和句子结构写文章 1。英汉对比：
（1）以句子为单位： 英文句子“化零为整”---像一棵大树 中文句子“化整为零”---像竹节
（2）英译汉---破句重组（忠告：切勿死记硬背文章，无较大收益）2。英语写作究竟考什么？
（1）词汇：vocabulary range/wide 宽度 vocabulary difficult 难度
（2）句子结构： accuracy 精确性 complex 复杂性
建议：（一般TASK1 要写3个复杂句，TASK2需要写5-7个复杂句）3。学习方法：
下面介绍一种，本人一直用于学习英语文章并行之有效的方法给大家
学习从八个层次学习每一篇文章： a.同义表达；
b.词伙关系：能够意想到的词类搭配 联想记忆法去remember vocabulary c.短语词组； d.惯用句型；
e.句子开端，应变化多样； f.复杂句子；
g.衔接手段：直接用 first, second, finally 等来衔接的，是水平较低的表现，应用语言的魅力来让别人一目了然你的段落层次感。h.篇章结构。
建议，仔细用上述方法，研究IELTS写作的20篇范文。
四、SPEAKING： 分三个阶段，也是现实生活中的三种技能 学会如何去应用这种语言交流？ 1。人员之间的交往：
策略：变换第一阶段的ANSWER，别太常用，应与众不同。2。单独展示自己的个人魅力：
策略：可以用那允许的1 MIN 写几个简单的提示（中英文皆可）；
概念要完整，条理要清晰；
让考官对你讲的东西感兴趣（属于构思技巧）；
语速应该适中，贯穿始终，勿TOO SLOW---会被认为是真实水平的体现，也勿TOO FAST---会有背诵嫌疑。
任务1：图表写作
要求考生在20分钟内完成150字以上的短文。
以考核图表为主。主要有: 曲线图 line chart, graph 柱状图 bar chart 饼状图 pie chart 表格等 table 偶尔也会有流程图flow chart、地图geography和示意图diagram/figure 评分标准
和任务2一样，评分观测点也有四项： Task achievement（task response task 2）Coherence and cohesion Lexical resources Grammatical range and accuracy 首先让我们搞明确task achievement 要求完成什么。1)summarize the general features/trends 2)select important information 3)compare and contrast data The table below shows three social and economic indicators of seven American countries for the year 1997.country GDP per(USD)
capita adult illiteracy rate(%)
4.4 3.6 16.8 10.5 7.0 15.2 4.4
newspaper sales per 1000 people 99 123 40 97 122 63 118 Bahamas 13000 Argentina 9100 Brazil Mexico Surinam Jamaica 4900 4300 3700 2600 2100 Cuba
Sample answer We can see that GDP per capita varies substantially from 2100 USD in Cuba to 13000 USD in the Bahamas, with 5 of the 7 countries below 5000 USD per capital GDP.The illiteracy rates also differ considerably.The highest illiteracy rates are for Brazil(16.8%)and Jamaica(15.2%), whilst Argentina has the lowest rate, at 3.6%.Mexico(10.5%)and Surinam(7%)lie in the middle.Surprisingly, the adult illiteracy rate for Cuba and the Bahamas is the same, at 4.4%.And finally, let's look at newspaper sales.It has a tendency that the higher the rate at which a country has sold newspapers, the lower its adult illiteracy rate is.But the Bahamas is an exception.Though its adult illiteracy rate is the second low among the seven countries, it has not got a comparable high rate of newspaper sale.图表写作且记住一定要客观，只写图表上要描述的信息，而不能主动解释背后的原因或深层次的含义。We are required to describe rather than explain.也不要面面俱到，机械地记录图表内容，犹如流水账。Example:
The bar chart below shows the marriage rates of people at the age of 25 in English from 1950 to 1980.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.(the green is male, the red is female)
Besides giving information in the chart, the candidate also raised a question and analyzed the possible reasons why the marriage rate of men is higher than that of women, which are not supposed to be done properly.It is not your task to reason out why.文章结构 首段 ：
图表作文的首段必须交待三个要素：图表研究的时间段、研究的对象和研究所采用的数据形式（是具体的数字还是百分比）。应当将这三个内容用一句话说清楚。实际上就是把题目中描述图表的那句话用自己的语言说出来并拓展一下即可。首段不要写得过长，两句话比较合适。主体段：
主体段描写单方向的趋势，根据趋势的分类来决定主体段应该划分成几个自然段，例如一图表讲美国、澳大利亚、日本、英国四个国家的消费情况。在主体段落中，每一个单方向的趋势都应当用一句话来概括描述，这句话不一定要涉及具体数据，是概括性的描述，代表某一段的总的方向。就像任务2中主题句的写法。接下去就要有数据的支撑。相当任务2中的例证。所以图表写作主体段必须有两个要素：单方面的趋势和数据支持。结尾段：
图表通过对具体数据的对照和对比来说明问题，因此在结尾部分要写出对照对比的趋势，以及从这个趋势中得出的一个结论。图表写作这部分的写法与任务2 完全不同。它的信息完全来自图表，不能加进任何自己的见解，不需要分析评论。文章内容
与任务2写作一样，图表写作也要紧紧围绕任务去完成。也要依据题目提供的已知信息进行写作。与任务2不同的是图表作文的信息载体不是文字而是图表，考生将图表承载的信息用文字表达出来。在转化的过程中很容易遗漏信息。所以写完后的审查就显得更加重要。趋势描写
图表中反映的是某一事情或情况的变化趋势，有总趋势也有局部趋势，因而趋势描写便成为图表作文中必不可少的内容。图表的目的是通过对比对照来说明问题，因此文章中也应该描写有关对比对照的趋势。数据导入
图表的另一个特点就是表中会出现大量的数据，所以导入数据便是一个重要任务。描述完某种趋势后，必须有具体的数据来支撑。没有数据的对比是空洞的。数据是重要信息，一定不要遗漏。
1、表示“说明”的句子结构和常用句型 This table/chart/ diagram/graph shows that...The figures /statistics show that
more other verbs:
describe, illustrate, display, exhibit, indicate, reflect, represent, reveal, unfold, summarize etc.More patterns: According to
As is shown in the As can be seen from
It can be seen from We can see from It is clear from
It is apparent/obvious/ evident 还可用第一人称复数引入要说明的信息。切记不要使用第一人称单数。We can see We conclude from
...that...We find
1）数据统计时，表示静态数据的句子结构“有” “占” “是...倍” “达到” 等。常用的动词有：be, have, reach, hit, account for, e.g.澳大利亚和英国都占10%。Australia and UK both had 10%.e.g.中国人占市场份额最大。
The Chinese accounted for the largest percentage of market share.1)表示增加 动词+副词结构
e.g.1999年度家庭轿车的数量陡然增加。
The number of family cars increased suddenly in the year 1999.形容词+名词
e.g.参与者的数量有一个明显的上升。
There was a significant jump in the number of participants.e.g.该产品的市价在稳步上升。
There is a steady increase in the price of this product.介词短语
e.g.申请者的人数仍然在增加。
The number of applicants is on the rise.e.g.从202_年到202_年专职教师的人数在增加。
The number of full-time teachers was on the increase form 202_ to 202_.2)表示下降
动词+副词结构
e.g.当地学校的失学人数在去年略有下降。
The number of drop-outs in the local school dropped slightly last year.形容词+名词
e.g.上个月的销售额出现了急剧下降。
There was a steep fall in the sales volume last month.介词短语
e.g.数据显示本财政年上半年海外投资规模一路走低。
The statistics shows that the overseas investment was on the decline over the first half of this fiscal year.e.g.美元对港元的汇率出现了持续疲软。The exchange rate of USD over that of HKD is still on the decrease.3）表示“持平” “不变” “最高点” “最低点” 短语动词 A: level off
e.g.收音机的听众人数在早晨6:30到8:30之间一直攀升，然后从8:45分起出现持平现象。
The number of radio audience is on the rise between 6:30 and 8:30, and then levels off since 8:45.3）表示“持平” “不变” ”最高点” “最低点” 短语动词 B: 系表结构
Stay / keep / remain + steady
unchanged
stable
constant 3）表示“持平” “不变” “最高点” “最低点” 短语动词 B: 系表结构
e.g.这个县的离婚率在前三个季度没有发生变化。
The porce rate of the first three quarters in his county remains constant.e.g.美国近三个月来的国内生产总值基本没有发生任何变化。
The growth rate of GDP in the U.S.A stayed basically unchanged over the recent three months.3）表示“持平” “不变” ”最高点” “最低点” 短语动词
C: there be + little / no / hardly
+ any change e.g.六、七两个月的轿车销售几乎没有出现任何变化。
There was hardly any change in the number of cars sold from June to July.e.g.该公司的股票交易量没有发生变化。
There was no change in the turn-over of the company's stocks.3）表示“持平” “不变” "最高点” “最低点” 短语动词
D: 最高点和最低点
The figure / The situation / The monthly
+ peaked / reached a peak(a hign point)/ bottomed out / reached the bottom(a low poit)e.g.这个国家的居民消费指数在202_年十月创历史最高,达到6%。出现了严重的通胀。
CPI in that country reached a peak of 6% in Oct.202_.Inflation was serious.4）“数据比较” 常用结构和替换词汇 A.than e.g.男子接受高等教育的人数比女子多，分别是男子10%，女子5%。There were more males than females who have their higher education.4）“数据比较” 常用结构和替换词汇 B.as e.g.A校学生人数几乎是B校学生人数的3倍。
School A has approximately three times as many students as School B.D.to / be superior / inferior/ senior to e.g.A组的成员比B组成员年轻三岁。
Mumbers of Group A are three times junior to those of Group B.4）“数据比较” 常用结构和替换词汇 E.直接用动词表示
e.g.使用电脑的优点远远大于它的缺点。
The advantages of using computers far outweigh the disadvantages.e.g.男人接受高等教育的人数以 4比1的比例超出了女人接受高等教育的人数。The male outnumbered the female four to one in higher education.5)关于倍数表达 倍数的增加。
A）“n times larger than…”与 “n times as large as” 的概念。
汉语中A是B的n倍，与A比B大(n-1)倍概念相同，而英文中则不是。注意英语的 “n times larger than…”与 “n times as large as” 的概念是一致的，即“是原来的n倍”。一般讲英语国家的人认为“two times larger than” 等于原来的两倍, 即“two times as large as”，所以为了避免歧义，应用更加明确的表示方法：three times its original size;three times as large as it used to be e.g.经过十几年的建设，深圳市的面积比以前大了两倍。
With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is three times larger than before.With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is three times its original size.With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is three times as large as it used to be.误译：With more than ten years’ construction, the area of Shenzhen City is twice larger than before.2）当倍数与表示上升下降趋势的词连用时，无论是否有介词，均表示“增加到n倍”。
如：increase to N times increase N times/N-fold increase by N times increase by a factor of N There is a N-fold/N times increase/growth…注意此句应译为“增加了N-1倍倍数的减少
1）“A is n times as small as B” 与“A is n times lower than B” 的概念
中文中不用倍数表示“减少”，不说“A比B小/少多少倍”，而是说“A比B小几分之几”，用分数表达；所以英文的“A is n times lower than B”或“A is n times as small as B”应译成“A是B的n分之一”或“A比B小n分之n-1”。
e.g.公司今年的利润是去年的三分之一。/公司今年的利润比去年下降三分之二。The profits of the company this year is three times lower than last year.可以用分数直接表达以避免歧义。
The profits of the company this year is one third of last year.2）当倍数与表示上升下降趋势的词连用时，无论是否有介词，均表示“减少到1/n”。如： decrease N times/N-fold decrease by N times decrease by a factor of N
There is a N-fold decrease/reduction… 表达的意思相同, 均为“减少到1/n”。
翻番问题：两番double，三番triple，4番quadruple 1)嘉实多的油在越南每公升售价1.5美元，这个价格是那些从台湾和泰国进口油价的三倍。
Castrol oil costs about $1.5 per liter in Vietnam, about three times as much as the price of cheaper oil imported from Taiwan and Thailand.2)到202_年中国将实现国内生产总值比202_年翻两番，达到40000亿美元左右。
By 202_, China’s GDP will quadruple that of 202_ to approximately USD 4 trillion.3)印度贫富之间的差距越来越大，是10年前的两倍。
India’s growing gap between the rich and the poor is twice as much as 10 years ago.4).棉花产量比1996年增加了三倍/是1996年的四倍。The cotton output was four times greater than that of 1996.5).英中两国贸易在过去五年就翻了一番。
British trade with China has doubled over the last five years alone.6）这房子的价钱已升至我们购买时的三倍。The house is worth treble what we paid for it.7）近几年来，电视机的价格下降了一半儿。
The price of TVs has been twofold down over these years.8).改革开放30年来，人们的生活水平得到了显著的提高，人均年收入是40年前的30倍。
For the 30 years of reform and opening up, people’s standard of living has been a significant increase, and the per capita annual income is 30 times more than that of 40 years ago.更多的动词：
takes up, increase, rise, climb, grow, soar, jump, amount to, double, decrease, drop, fall, diminish, decline, remain, keep, Sample One：
The following graphs give information about the Gross Domestic Product and employment sectors of a developing country.Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.natural industry % trade, transport government % other total Resources % restaurants, communication % % %
hotels %
employment 77.4 3.6 4.9 1.6 1.6 3.8 100.00 GDP 19.2 15.4 37.1 8.4 12.5 7.4 100.00
第二篇：雅思小作文
饼图Pie
As shown in the first chart, oil was the world’s main energy source, accounting for 37% of the energy consumption in 202_.Followed by coal and natural gas, constituting 28% and 23% respectively.By comparison, the proportion of nuclear power was small, 6%, equating that of hydro-electricity.Saudi Arabia accounts for the largest proportion of the world’s oil reserves, 20%, well ahead of Canada, the country with the second biggest reserve, 14%.Behind Canada are four Middle East countries, namely Iran(10%), Iraq(9%), Kuwait(8%)and United Arab(8%).By contrast, the reserves of Venezuela, Russia and the united states are relatively small, making up 6%, 5% and 2@ respectively.The remaining 18% is found in other countries.Pic
The three pie charts show how university students in three countries spent their money in the year 202_.In general, students in countries A spent slightly more than those in country B(US$5,000 and US$4,500 respectively).In comparison, student expenditure in country C was considerably lower, at only US$1,500 per year.Accommodation and food were the two biggest items of expenditure.Altogether they constituted around 60% of the total students’ expenditure in all the three countries.The difference is that in country A and B accommodation spending exceeded food spending while the reverse was true for country C.The rest of the students’ spending was pided among leisure, books and others.Leisure spending constituted a larger percentage(around 20%)of student expenditure in both country A and B, while in country C more money was spent on books(12%)than on leisure(12%).Overall, as wealth decreased, the percentage of students’ spending on non-essential items reduced.柱状图Bar
Pic
This bar chart shows the changes in the amount of oil discovered worldwide every 5 years from 1950 to 202_ and the predicted figures from 202_ to 202_.In 1950, the world oil discovery stood at 20 billion barrels a year, which grew dramatically over the next 15 years to reach a peak at approximately 56 billion barrels in 1965.However, from this year onwards, the growth of oil discovery was suddenly replaced by a sharply downward trend, with some ups and downs, to approximately 6 billion barrels a year in 202_, about 1/10of its peak amount in 1965.It is predicted that 7 billion barrels of oil will be discovered worldwide in the year 202_, and this figure is forecast to decline steadily to an all-time low of only 3 billion barrels in 202_.In conclusion, this chart shows that world oil discovery peaked in the 1960s but has been declining for over 40 years, and this trend is expected to continue into the near future.The bar chat shows information about the areas of land damaged by human activities in four major continents of the world.The area of land damaged in Africa and Asia are similar, totalling approximately 1,200 million hectares for each, while in Australia and Europe the numbers are considerably lower, averaging between 300and 400 million.Looking at the causes behind land damages, it can be seen that in African, Europe and especially Australia, breeding is the leading cause of land loss, damaging approximately 500, 100 and 400 million hectares of land respectively.Next comes tree-cutting which takes away slightly larger areas of land than farming in all the three regions.Asia shows a slightly different picture, where tree-cutting activities have led to the largest amount of land loss(450 million hectares).Breeding and farming account for the remaining damage(380 and 420 million hectares respectively).Overall, breeding causes the most pervasive damage to land around the world.折线图 line
Overall, the world population rose sharply from less than 500 million in the 1400s to 6 billion in 202_, a growth of 12 times over 600 years.The increase was more dramatic after 1800 and only in the 1700s was there an obvious decline(1.2 billion to 0.9 billion).The ozone hole was at its smallest size of about 400 thousand square km in 1980, but 20 years later, it was enlarged by 9 times to 3.6 million square km.The only period when there was a reduction in size was in the early 1990s(from 2 to 1.2 million square km).流程图diagram
The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in parts of south America, Africa and Indonesia.The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans.Firstly when the pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes.During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown.Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry.They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry.After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius.After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed.This part is not needed for making chocolate.Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.(pic)
The chart describes how water is obtained outdoors.According to the figure, the first step of obtaining water outdoors is to find a hole with green plants on its bottom.Next, remove the green plants in the middle and put a container there.Then, cover the hole with a plastic sheet and place two stones on both ends of it to secure its position.A third stone is laid on the middle of the plastic sheet so that the middle part is also the lowest part.When the sun shines on the green plants in the hole, water evaporates from these plants.The vapour rises up and then cools down to form water drops on the plastic sheet.When there is more and more water, it flows along the sheet to accumulate on the lowest part.Finally, water falls down into the container directly under the middle stone.Thus, water is collected successfully through evaporation from green plants.Pic
In cool climate special attention is given to the use of building materials that have a high thermal mass.Insulation is used on the outside of heavy materials such as concrete, brick or adobe.This kind of material stores heat and slowly releases it while external insulation ensures that all heat absorbed by wall materials is released inside the building.Careful positioning of the building and large windows facing winter sunlight also assist to passively heat the house.The roof has an extreme angle to assist with snow runoff and roof overhang does not interfere with sunlight.Homes in warm climate require the opposite approach.Insulation and reflective roof material aim to keep heat from the sun out.Windows are placed under a wider roof overhang so that they are shaded form direct light in the day and so that cooler night air can move through the house when the windows are open.Map地图
(pic)
The three diagrams illustrate what the village of Kelsbey looked like in 1780, 1860, and 202_.In 1780, Kelsbey had only 100 homes, but it had a large expense of woods in the eastern part of the village and four plots of farmland in the middle.In the west there was a river running from north to south.The year 1860 saw a doubling of the number of homes but the size of farmland and woods was reduced by half.In the same year, a bridge could be seen over the river and a road was constructed linking the river to the residences.140 years later, the number of homes more than doubled to 500, but farms and woods completely disappeared.Several school buildings and sports facilities were constructed at the south-eastern corner of the village, which were connected with the residential area in the north by a newly-built road.Some shops opened up along the river bank and a large stretch of wetland for birds was established at the southern end of the river.大作文
Body paragraph A
It is first important to realise that art is the key part of cultural legacy;therefore, it is meaningful to conserve the art for the cultural persity.For example, painting in different culture has a range of styles, genres, tools and materials.If we did not protect it, a form of art would be disappeared.Besides, some work of art such as graffiti, spark people’s imaginations and provide them a novel perspective to view the world.The arts can develop a culture which people pursue art as a hobby.Furthermore, arts also improved the environment attractive, which is reflected in architecture and gardening design.Body paragraph B
Although arts are very important, we observe public facilities should get more subsidy than arts from government.Citizens are more interested in the availability of public facilities, such as, water and electricity supply, schools, libraries and roads, these facilities have a direct impact on their daily lives.By contrast, for most people, sculptures, paintings or operas are luxury items, which cannot bring any tangible benefit to them.Another reason is that the arts can sometimes yield high returns and therefore succeed in receiving business sponsorship.This is particularly the cause when arts include music, movies, operas and creative arts.Therefore, it is pointless to support the use of public funds for this purpose, if basic facilities are underfunded.
第三篇：雅思小作文
IELTS套句式写作大全
第一部分：TASK1图表写作套句精选
1.the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to...该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。
2.the bar chart illustrates that...该柱状图展示了...3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding...该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。
4.the diagram shows(that)...该图向我们展示了...5.the pie graph depicts(that)....该圆形图揭示了...6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of...这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。
7.the figures/statistics show(that)...数据（字）表明...8.the tree diagram reveals how...该树型图向我们揭示了如何...9.the data/statistics show(that)...该数据（字）可以这样理解...10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...这些数据资料令我们得出结论...11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table...如图所示...12.according to the chart/figures...根据这些表（数字）...13.as is shown in the table...如表格所示...14.as can be seen from the diagram,great changes have taken place in...从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。
15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure,we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that...从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到...16.this is a graph which illustrates...这个图表向我们展示了...17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to...该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。
18.the graph,presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in...该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。
19.this is a column chart showing...这是个柱型图，描述了...20.as can be seen from the graph,the two curves show the flutuation of...如图所示，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。
21.over the period from...to...the...remained level.在...至...期间，...基本不变。
22.in the year between...and...在...年到...期间...23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998...1995年至1998三年里...24.from then on/from this time onwards...从那时起...25.the number of...remained steady/stable from(month/year)to(month/year)....月(年)至...月（年)...的数量基本不变。
26.the number sharply went up to...数字急剧上升至...27.the percentage of...stayed the same between...and......至...期间...的比率维持不变。
28.the figures peaked at...in(month/year)
...的数目在...月（年）达到顶点，为...29.the percentage remained steady at...比率维持在...30.the percentage of...is sightly larger/smaller than that of......的比例比...的比例略高（低）。
31.there is not a great deal of difference between...and......与...的区别不大。
32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of...该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。
33....decreased year by year while...increased steadily....逐年减少，而...逐步上升。
34.the situation reached a peak(a high point at)of[%]....的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为...百分点。
35.the figures/situation bottomed out in...数字（情况）在...达到底部。
36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。
37.a is...times as much/many as b.a是b的...倍。
38.a increased by...a增长了...39.a increased to...a增长到...40.high/low/great/small/ percentage.比低高（低）
41.there is an upward trend in the number of......数字呈上升趋势。
42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from...to......到...发生急剧上升。
43.from...to...the rate of decrease slow down.从...到...，下降速率减慢。
44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the...,reaching a figure of...从这年起，...逐渐下降至...45.be similar to...与...相似
46.be the same as...与...相同
47.there are a lot similarities/differences between...and......与...之间有许多相似（不同）之处
48.a has something in common with b
a于b有共同之处。
49.the difference between a and b lies in...a与b之间的差别在于...50...(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in......年...急剧上升。
第二部分：Task1 写作常识
一、图形种类及概述法：
泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table
饼图：pie chart
直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram
趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram
表格图：table
流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram
程序图：processing/procedures diagram
以下是一些较常用的描述用法
The table/chart diagram/graph shows(that)
According to the table/chart diagram/graph
As(is)shown in the table/chart diagram/graph
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,figures/statistics shows(that)...It can be seen from the figures/statistics
We can see from the figures/statistics
It is clear from the figures/statistics
It is apparent from the figures/statistics
table/chart/diagram/graph figures(that)...table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how
......阅卷考官经常是不会看那些图表的，因此文章必须逻辑清晰，如果描述得能令人在脑海里勾画出那个data chart，这篇task1无疑会达到8分的水平。开篇的第一句话可以是一句高度概
括性的introduction（当然开门见山直接描述也是一种写法）；这样做不仅使文章更趋于完美，而且可以达到凑字数的目的（但不要照抄题目，除非时间相当紧迫）。接下来另起一段开始进行描述（根据实际情况1-2段），这当中经常要连续使用非限定性定于从句，从而使得描述过程流畅、清晰。最后也可再另起一段进行简短的综述（并非必须）。上述的任何一个步骤都要遵循依据现有data进行客观描述的原则，任何推测性或议论性的内容写得再多、再精彩不仅不会加分，而且还会成为扣分的因素。
二、data的具体表达法
data在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time
在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time
持续变化的data在不同情况下:
增加：increase / raise / rise / go up...减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall...波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave...稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off...最常用的两种表达法：
动词 + 副词形式（Verb+Adverb form）
形容词 + 名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）
1.Verb+Adverb form
The number of XXX
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...+from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/ between(第一时间)and(第二时间)
2.Adjective+Noun form
There was a(very)sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation（注意：上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation）
+in the number of XXX from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/ between(第一时间)and(第二时间)
描述稳定的data：
The number of XXX remained steady/stable from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/ between(第一时间)and(第二时间)
The number of XXX stayed the same from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/ between(第一时间)and(第二时间)
There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from(第一时间)to(第二时间)/ between(第一时间)and(第二时间)
描述不同状态的data
Noun form:
steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop
Verbal form:
(to)bottom out /(to)reach the bottom /(to)increase gradually /(to)reach a plateau /(to)remain steady
描述the highest point以及the lowest point
高点极值：
The monthly profit / The figures / The situation...+peaked in(月份/年)<准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX(极点data)
或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX(极点data)
低点极值：
XXX bottomed out / reached
+rock / the bottom / a low point
或者hit a trough
此外，在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences，最常用的固定搭配如下：并列： as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from...举例： for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially
事实： as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as...雷同/近似：similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally...转折： however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead(of), in spite of, despite of...原因与结果
1.cause-suggestion(几乎不常用)
since / now that...;I hope that...because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to +(doing)sth, I hope that...2.cause-effect(较常用)
XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for...(一个句子), therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently /(and)so...3.effect-cause(较常用)
XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of...(一个句子), because...it is adj.that...it is unimaginable that...it is undeniable that...it is interesting to discover that...三、其它相关常用词（组）
1.主章开头
图表类型：table;chart;diagram;graph;column chart;pie graph
描述：show;describe;illustrate;can be seen from;clear;apparent;reveal;represent内容：figure;statistic;number;percentage;proportion
2.表示数据
一般：have 10%;at 10%;over 10%
最高（低）点：peaked;reached a peak / high point
bottomed out;reached the bottom
变化：recover 略有回升； increase;jump;rise/rose;climb
decrease;fall/fell;drop;decline;reduce
fluctuate 浮动，摇摆不定
remained steady/stable;stay the same;little/hardly any /no change
变化程度：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply 急剧升降的steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地
stable/stably 稳定的表示范围：from XXX to XXX;between XXX and XXX;for XXX to XXX多长时间直到
表示程度：almost adv.几乎，差不多
nearly adv.几乎，密切地
approximately adv.近似的，大约
about adv.附近，大约，转向，左右，周围
just over 刚超过
over adv.结束，越过，从头到尾
exactly adv.正确地，严密地
precisely adv.正好 精确地；清晰地
比例：20 per cent 20%
one in three 1/3
one out of every four 1/4
3.其它在描述中的常用到的词
significant changes 图中一些较大变化
noticeable trend 明显趋势
during the same period 在同一时期
grow/grew 增长
distribute 分布，区别
unequally 不相等地
pronounced 明显的average平均
no doubt 无疑地
corresponding adj.相应的，通讯的represent vt.阐述，表现
overall 总体上讲
except 除外
in the case of adv.在...的情况下
in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在...方面in contrast 相反，大不相同
in conclusion adv.最后，总之
in comparison 相比之下
inversely adv.相反地，倒转地
in general 通常，大体上，一般而言
range from
excessive adj.过多的，过分的，额外lower v.降低，跌落
elapse vi.（时间）过去，消逝
category n.种类
government policy 政府政策
market forces 市场规率
measure n.尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，调节forecast n.先见，预见 v.预测
第四篇：雅思小作文
雅思小作文对很多人来讲都是一个很复杂的任务，所以掌握一些可以应用在各种图表中的万能模板是十分必要的。现在天道小编就为大家总结了10个雅思小作文的万能模板，希望会对大家有所帮助。
1、通过第一个曲线图，我们可以知道____,也说明了结果是___
According to the first graph, it can be seen that ______________, it can also be concluded from it that ______________.2、一张有趣、有教育意义的、(内容)的图片(这句模板在雅思小作文中的应用非常的广泛。)
There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: __________.3、当前有一张涉及______的增长曲线图，许多人______，然而其他人倾向于___Nowadays there is a growing concern over ______________.Many people like ______________, while others are inclined to ______________.4、目前，共同之处是_________,许多人喜欢______因为_______除此之外还由于_____
Nowadays, it is common to ______________.Many people like______________ because ______________.Besides, ______________.5、(图表所示)_____，就像许多其他事物，被____更加喜爱，然而这一观点正被________所抨击，一些人认为_________，他们指出___________
______________, just like many other things, are preferred by ____________.While being attacked by the idea that ______________, some people consider ______________.They point that ______________.6、每种事物都有两面性和________，是没有异议的，包括利和弊
Everything has two sides and ______________ is not an exception, it has both advantages and disadvantages.7、_____作为_____被观察了许多年，但是人们现在像发现新大陆一样注视着它For years ______________ had been viewed as ______________.But people are taking a fresh look at it now.8、政府保证________，对于这份保证，大多数人做出了强烈地回应，因为_____It has stipulated by the government that ______________.To this stipulation, many people respond actively because ______________.9、_______出现在我们日常生活中是很平常的，无论我们做什么，_______都是不可避免的______________ is a common occurrence in our daily life.Whatever we do, ______________ can't be avoided.10、_____在人群中已经成为热门话题，特别是在年轻人中，激烈的争论无休止______________ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way.
第五篇：雅思小作文经典文本
线图
The figure reveals that before 1:00 p.m.there were more radio audiences, while after 1:00 p.m.more people turned to television.Radio The data indicated that radio listeners increased substantially before 8:00 am, when the percentage reached to a peak of 27%.Then, it declined steadily in the following 20 hours, bottoming out at 2% at 4:00 a.m.of the next day.The period from 4:00 am to 6:00 am saw another slight rise to 4% in radio listeners.TV As for TV viewers, The period from 6:00 a.m.to 8:30 a.m.saw a sharp increase , when there was a leveling off at 8% until 10:00 am..From then on, it generally maintained a sharply upward trend until the peak(45%)was reached at 8:00 p.m., in spite of some small fluctuation.However, there was a slump thereafter in the percentage.The percentage reached the bottom of 3% at 3:00 a.m, when there was a slight rise afterwards The general trend was that the percentage of both radio and television audiences rose first and then decrease, while the total number of the latter was bigger than the former.In addition, the prime time for radio and television was 8 am and 8 pm, respectively.表格
P1 The table demonstrates how different modes of travel changed in England in 15 years spanning from 1985 to 202_.In general, the modes are classified into two kinds in terms of average miles travelled per person per year: one enjoyed rising popularity while the other decreasing.P2 The travel modes which gained popularity in the period included cars, long distance buses, trains, taxis and others.Cars remained top among the modes in the 15 years, with its average miles increasing considerably from 3,199 in 1985 to 4,806 in 202_.Long distance buses and taxis seemed to be warmly welcomed by travelers, so average miles travelled in the two modes almost tripled P3 Travels by walking, bicycles and local buses lost travelers’ favor in the one and a half decade.Average travelling distance by local buses suffered the biggest decrease, dropping from 429 to 274, while the number of miles by walking and bikes fell mildly from 255 to 237 and from 51 to 41 respectively.P4 Overall, the number of miles travelled by the average per person rose from 4,740 miles in 1985 to 6,475 miles in 202_, with the increase of cars accounting for almost all of that increase.饼图
P1 The following two pie charts illustrate the energy use in the U.S.A.The two pie charts describe the data of the energy use and the residential energy use in detail in the United States.P2 It can be seen from the first pie chart that the energy is used for four purposes.Specifically, industry accounts for the largest proportion(41%)of the used energy while demand of transportation makes up 26% of the total need of energy.The Residential and commercial represent 19% and 14% respectively.P3 According to the second pie chart, it clearly shows that heating and air conditioning account for the largest proportion(62%)in the residential energy use while the small appliances makes up the least proportion(10%).The heating water and miscellaneous(including cooking)constitutes 15% and 13% respectively.P4 From the chart, we may have a basic understanding of the situation of energy use in the United States.柱状图
P1 The graph below shows the different modes of transport used to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and 202_.The bar graph shows the changing patterns in commuting by train, car, tube or bus for commuters in one European city in the years 1960, 1980 and 202_.P2 The number of people using trains at first rose from just under 20% in 1960 to about 26% in 1980, but then fell back to about 23% in 202_.P3 Use of the tube was relatively stable, falling from around 27% of commuters in 1960 to 22% in 1980, but climbing back to reach 25% by 202_.P4 On the other hand, the use of cars increased steadily from just over 5% in 1960 to 23% in 1980, reaching almost 40% by 202_, whereas the popularity of buses has declined since 1960, falling from just under 35% in 1960 to 27% in 1980 and only 15% in 202_.P5 The graph indicates the growing use of cars for commuting to work between 1960-202_, and the continued decline in the popularity of buses from being the most popular mode of transport in 1960 to the least popular in 202_.地图
The three maps illustrate how the village of Kelsby changed in 1780, 1860 and 202_.In 1780, Kelsby had only 100 homes.There was a large expanse of woods in the eastern part of the village and four plots of farmland in the centre.In the west was a river flowing from north to south.The year 1860 saw a doubling of the number of homes, but the size of farmland and woods was halved.In the same year, a bridge was constructed over the river and a road was paved linking the river to the residences.140 years later, the number of homes more than doubled to 500, but farms and woods completely disappeared.In their places, several school buildings and sports facilities were constructed at the south-eastern corner of the village, which were connected with the residential areas in the north via a newly-build road.Some shops opened up along the river bank and a large stretch of wetland for birds was established at the southern end of the river.流程图
The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.【所有的小作文第一句话都要用一般现在时。流程图必备三个词：process：整个过程, stage：阶段，step：步骤】
Chocolate comes from the cacao tree, which is grown in parts of South America, Africa and Indonesia.【开头不能冲上来就直接介绍cacao tree，而是通过主题词chocolate引出，否则显得太唐突】【流程图特点之一：介 绍过程要使用一般现在时】【流 程图特点之二：大量使用定语从句，将有关联的两句话连接。】【流程图特点之三：大量使用被动语态】The tree produces large red pods which contain white cocoa beans.Firstly,【流程图特点之四：使用一些表示顺序的连接词】when the pods are ripe, they are harvested, the beans are removed and they are fermented for several days in large wooden boxes.【三个句子的并列：“句子A，句子B and 句子C”。】During the fermenting process, the beans turn brown.【流程图特点之五：要 适当地添加个别图中没有交代但能从图片中直接读出来的的一些内容，否则可能达不到字数要求。但是一定要把握尺度，千万不要加上自己的主观观点，否则会扣 分】
Next, the brown beans are spread in the sun to dry.They are then put in large sacks and transported by train or lorry.After this, the beans are taken to a chocolate factory where they are roasted in an oven at temperatures of between 250 and 350 degree Celsius.After being roasted, the beans are crushed and the outer shell is removed.This part is not needed for making chocolate.Finally, the inner part of the bean is pressed and liquid chocolate is produced.
